CN105937395B - A kind of comprehensive dig of coal mine big cross section hard-rock tunnel combines rapidly and efficiently driving method with big gun pick - Google Patents
A kind of comprehensive dig of coal mine big cross section hard-rock tunnel combines rapidly and efficiently driving method with big gun pick Download PDFInfo
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- CN105937395B CN105937395B CN201510601300.XA CN201510601300A CN105937395B CN 105937395 B CN105937395 B CN 105937395B CN 201510601300 A CN201510601300 A CN 201510601300A CN 105937395 B CN105937395 B CN 105937395B
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000013139 quantization Methods 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 102000016938 Catalase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010053835 Catalase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000233633 Phytophthora drechsleri Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010437 gem Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001751 gemstone Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/006—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries by making use of blasting methods
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
- F42D3/04—Particular applications of blasting techniques for rock blasting
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention patent relates to a kind of comprehensive picks of coal mine big cross section hard-rock tunnel to combine rapidly and efficiently driving method with big gun pick.Such as Fig. 1, s ≈ 14.0m are excavated in the snubber and reliever of hard-rock tunnel section hole placing diameter of phi 40.0mm and charge diameter the Φ 35.0mm of Protodyakonov coefficient f > 10.02Vallecular cavity.Such as Fig. 2, snubber uses three-level angled cut, deepens step by step, and inclination angle increases step by step, and unit volume amount of consumption of drugs is determined according to hard rock Protodyakonov coefficient, borehole depth by Fig. 3 quantizations.Three-level angled cut selects I, III, IV sections of millisecond delay caps, reliever that V sections of millisecond delay caps, snubber and reliever tunneling boring once detonation, total delay is selected to be no more than 130.0ms respectively.After blasting procedure forms vallecular cavity, under fully-mechanized digging machine acts on the larger scope of freedom, reasonable cutter tooth parameter Quick Extended vallecular cavity is selected to design section and modifies contour line.Snubber three-level millisecond delay initiation and larger borehole diameter make stemming blocking growth ensure that rock throwing does not damage working face rear fully-mechanized digging machine, reach safe efficient effect.
Description
Technical field
The invention patent relates to a kind of coal mine big cross section hard-rock tunnel rapidly and efficiently driving methods, and in particular to it is a kind of will be comprehensive
Pick is dug with big gun to be combined for coal mine big cross section hard-rock tunnel rapidly and efficiently driving method.
Background technology
Comprehensive pick is widely used in tunnelling since driving speed is fast, drivage efficiency is high, but for the larger rock of hardness,
Advantage is not obvious, and for solid rock, driving speed and efficiency are significantly reduced or even can not normally be tunneled.Engineering practice table
It is bright：Comprehensive pick is with obvious effects when rock Protodyakonov coefficient f < 6.0；As f=6.0~8.0, comprehensive pick speed and efficiency have certain reduction；
As f=8.0~10.0, comprehensive pick effect decreased significantly；As f > 10.0, since cutter tooth can not form slot in drift section
Mouthful, it is virtually impossible to comprehensive pick, it is necessary to be dug using big gun.F > 10.0 hard rock big gun pick when, when drift section increase to a certain degree, by
It is more in borehole number, it is limited by exploder once detonation detonator quantity, it is necessary to which detonating repeatedly cannot accomplish that tunneling boring is primary
Detonation；As hard-rock tunnel section s >=14.0m of f > 10.0 in engineering practice2When, it is necessary to detonating repeatedly, there are security risk,
Drivage efficiency and speed are substantially reduced simultaneously；For there is the tunnel of gas, always delayed to be impermissible for more than 130.0ms by short-delay blasting
Limitation, short-delay blasting detonator hop count seriously affects hard rock big gun pick speed and efficiency no more than 5 sections.Engineering practice shows：Mesh
Preceding big cross section hard rock big gun pick drill footage per month is no more than 40.0m, digging numerous imbalances, it has also become restricts the master of coal high-yield and high-efficiency production
Factor is wanted, big cross section hard-rock tunnel speedy drivage, which becomes high yield and high efficiency mine, must first have to solve the problems, such as.Patent of the present invention
Comprehensive pick and big gun pick are combined among big cross section hard-rock tunnel driving, forming one in the middle part of drift section using blasting procedure first
Determine range vallecular cavity, then, vallecular cavity is expanded to drift section is designed using comprehensive pick method, reaches safely and fast high efficient driving effect.
Invention content
To reach the safe and efficient speedy drivage effect of coal mine big cross section hard-rock tunnel, patent of the present invention be by the pick of tunnel big gun with
Comprehensive pick combines a kind of method for carrying out tunnelling.
Patent of the present invention is by the technical solution that realization its purpose is taken：A kind of comprehensive pick of coal mine big cross section hard-rock tunnel with
Rapidly and efficiently driving method is combined in big gun pick, mainly tunnels vallecular cavity, comprehensive pick method expansion vallecular cavity to design including blasting procedure in the middle part of tunnel
Form regular large section roadway.
Vallecular cavity is tunneled in the middle part of the blasting procedure tunnel：According to current tunneling boring once detonation technology and optimum blasting effect
It is required that blasting procedure excavation area s in the middle part of big cross section hard-rock tunnel1≈14.0m2Vallecular cavity.
The comprehensive pick method expands vallecular cavity to design and forms regular large section roadway：After vallecular cavity is formed in the middle part of tunnel, choosing
Reasonable fully-mechanized digging machine cutter tooth parameter is selected, fully-mechanized digging machine fly-cutting rock in the case where the wide range vallecular cavity scope of freedom acts on extends vallecular cavity range
It modifies to form regular large section roadway to entire excavated section and to tunnel-surrounding.
The advantageous effect of patent of the present invention
Periphery hole borehole spacing is small, normally only reduces nearly 40.0% since periphery hole is cancelled in 400.0mm or so
Borehole number, jewel hole workload and time significantly reduce；3 sections of detonations of snubber point, increase snubber and delay the time, it is ensured that
Slotting effect, snubber blast hole utilization factor is up to 90.0%；Reduce single detonating charge amount, Cut Blasting avalanche rock sprinkling
No more than 10.0m, fully-mechanized digging machine safety ensure that；Detonation total time of delaying is no more than 130.0ms, ensure that gas roadway construction is pacified
Entirely.Compared with being dug with tunneling boring gradation big gun, cyclic advance increases about 100.0%.Although the application of comprehensive pick process increases tunnel
The comprehensive pick time, but eliminate periphery hole drilling time simultaneously and reduce reliever drilling time, on the whole, tunnelling speed
Degree improves 100.0% or so, and excavation efficiency increases by 120.0% or so, and direct cost declines 80.0%.
Description of the drawings
Patent of the present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 is that the pick of big cross section hard-rock tunnel big gun combines driving schematic diagram with comprehensive pick；
Fig. 2 is that big cross section hard-rock tunnel blasting procedure tunnels vallecular cavity blasting chart；
Fig. 3 is that big cross section hard-rock tunnel vallecular cavity big gun digs the calculating of snubber unit volume amount of consumption of drugs；
Fig. 4 be the transport of two mine of Yuan shop, 101 exploiting field go up a hill and crossdrift big cross section hard-rock tunnel full-face blast tunnel by several times it is quick-fried
Broken chart；In figure：I, blasting procedure tunnels vallecular cavity, and II, comprehensive pick method extend vallecular cavity.
Fig. 1 is that the pick of big cross section hard-rock tunnel big gun combines driving schematic diagram with comprehensive pick：Blasting procedure tunnels area s ≈ 14.0m2's
Vallecular cavity I, fractured rock ships after being dug to big gun using fully-mechanized digging machine muck mechanism, after cleaning out vallecular cavity I, forms wide range certainly
By space；Select rational fully-mechanized digging machine cutter tooth parameter since the scope of freedom exists, drift section II cut with fully-mechanized digging machine, along vallecular cavity to
Drift section contour line promotes, and depth of cut takes 150.0-200.0mm according to hard rock Protodyakonov coefficient is unusual, with fully-mechanized digging machine by lane
Road section is trimmed to the drift section of design, avoids big gun pick from damaging roadway surrounding rock, has reached effect more preferable than photoface exploision, saves
Periphery hole and part reliever have been saved, big gun pick borehole number has been significantly reduced, accomplishes that vallecular cavity big gun digs part full face blasting；
Meanwhile vallecular cavity presence makes the outer comprehensive pick speed in the parts II of vallecular cavity and efficiency significantly improve.
Specific implementation mode
Fig. 2 is the blasting chart that blasting procedure tunnels vallecular cavity I：Borehole arrangement divides snubber and reliever two parts, snubber
Three-level slotting, every grade of cut shot is divided to deepen step by step, inclination angle is gradually increased, and level-one slotting is prolonged with two level slotting using 50.0ms
Phase, i.e. level-one slotting select I section millisecond detonator, two level slotting that Section III section millisecond detonator, three-level slotting is selected to select Section IV section
Millisecond detonator, according to borehole depth and formation hardness, that is, Protodyakonov coefficient more Quantitatively Selecting snubber unit volume amount of consumption of drugs, according to
According to unit volume amount of consumption of drugs, per blasthole, the shot rock volume of burden determines that snubber single hole explosive payload, reliever select the 5th section
Detonator detonates with section, and snubber and 5 sections of millisecond extension once detonations of reliever, total extension 100.0ms or so are no more than
130.0ms.For abundant fractured rock and ensure there are enough stemming stemming lengths, it is small to change currently used Φ 32.0mm in engineering
Diameter bores and Φ 27.0mm small diameter medicine rolls, select Φ 40.0mm diameter bores and Φ 35.0mm diameter powder sticks；Change engineering
It is 1.5-1.8m or so short hole blasting mode that middle big cross section hard rock big gun, which digs common borehole depth, according to section size and regular is followed
Ring selects borehole depth for 2.2-2.5m medium-length hole blastings.Snubber three-level slotting application, snubber explosive payload are more quantitatively estimated
It calculates, big-hole drilling diameter and longer stemming stemming length ensure that snubber shot rock disperses and do not damage fully-mechanized digging machine.
Fig. 3 is that big cross section hard-rock tunnel vallecular cavity big gun digs the calculating of snubber unit volume amount of consumption of drugs：Snubber explosive payload is shadow
Cut Blasting effect and the most notable factor of shotfiring safety are rung, explosive payload is on the high side to make rock throwing damage comprehensive pick too far
Machine, explosive payload is on the low side to be not achieved expected slotting effect and influences P. drechsleri drilling depth, and the present invention is according to general hard rock Protodyakonov coefficient
And snubber borehole depth determines snubber unit volume amount of consumption of drugs.
By taking two mine of Northern Huaihe River Anhui mining area Yuan shop, 101 exploiting field transport bord-up driving as an example.
(1) former tunnelling method
The transport of two mine of Yuan shop, 101 exploiting field is gone up a hill and crossdrift is mainly used for layer tunnel of wearing of Coal Transportation, and designs overall length
979.0m, floor level is between -532.0~-523.0m, buried depth about 530.0m.Roadway surrounding rock is the hard of hardness f ≈ 10.0
Sandstone, tunnel area s ≈ 36.0m2, since formation hardness is big, select blasting procedure driving, the drift section of design and pick rock burst broken
Chart such as Fig. 4, explosive select common aqueous gels in engineering, and the borehole number of design 96, the detonation capacity of exploder is not
It can accomplish tunneling boring once detonation, it has to which points of 2 times detonations are limited by detonation total time difference, and snubber is only with one section of same section
Detonator detonates simultaneously, differs only by 25.0ms with the reliever detonation extension time difference of neighbouring detonation, slotting effect is poor, snubber big gun
Eye diameter and charge diameter are respectively Φ 32.0mm and Φ 27.0mm, since borehole diameter and charge diameter are small, single hole explosive payload
And stemming stemming length obviously not enough requires, the snubber of borehole depth 2.1m only has the cut depth of 1.2m, and slotting cannot have
Effect is formed, reliever cannot effectively to catalase, and since reliever single hole explosive payload and stemming stemming length are also less than normal,
Reliever cannot effectively make slotting extend and extend, and not have due effect, general cyclic advance only 1.2m or so, explosive energy
Amount cannot make rock effectively broken and be used for rock throwing.Drill footage per month 40.0m or so, driving speed and less efficient, rock throwing
Throw too far that there is also security risks.
(2) comprehensive pick digs joint speedy drivage method with big gun
For former development blasting there are the problem of, use comprehensive pick that patent of the present invention uses and big gun pick joint speedy drivage side instead
Method.Such as Fig. 1, using blasting procedure driving vallecular cavity I, comprehensive pick method tunnels rock mass II, since drift section is larger, to meet regular follow
Ring, it is 2.0m or so to take cyclic advance.Such as Fig. 2, explosive still selects aqueous gels, divides three-level slotting, cut shot diameter and dress
Medicine diameter is respectively Φ 40.0mm and Φ 35.0mm, and cut depth is respectively 1.2m, 1.8m, 2.5m；Slotting inclination angle is respectively
82 °, 85 °, 88 °；It is respectively 0.2kg, 0.44kg, 1.04kg that every grade of slotting single hole explosive payload is more quantitatively determined according to Fig. 3；Every grade
Slotting stemming stemming length is respectively 1.1m, 1.4m, 1.0m；Reliever borehole diameter and charge diameter are also respectively Φ 40.0mm
And Φ 35.0mm, since Cut Blasting preferably achieves the desired results, reliever detonates after slotting is formed, and broken rock condition is preferable,
The reliever blasting parameter energy preferably avalanche rock of selection such as Fig. 2 reaches safe and efficient purpose.Snubber selects I section, Section III
Section, Section IV section detonator delay initiation, and level-one slotting and two level slotting delay 50.0ms in three times, detonating delay time is reasonable, slotting
Effect is good；Reliever selects V sections and detonates simultaneously, and a delay initiation, total delay are no more than 130.0ms to 5 sections of total borehole point simultaneously.
When full-face blast is tunneled, to reach the smooth effect of peripheral profile, periphery hole is set using Parameters of Smooth Wall Blasting
Meter, borehole spacing is smaller, and borehole number is more, and bottom eye clamping action also uses greatly the cloth eye mode of small borehole spacing；It selects comprehensive
Pick digs joint tunneling method with big gun, cancels periphery hole, reduces part reliever, and borehole number reduces 49, and often cycle, which is reduced, bores
Eye and about 6.0 hours powder charge time often recycle comprehensive pick time increase about 4.0 hours, and total piercing technique time shortens.It is the most key
Be that cyclic advance significantly improves, per cyclic advance up to 2.0m or so, daily 1.5 normal cyclics are monthly counted for 25 days, the moon into
Ruler is significantly improved up to 80.0m, driving speed and efficiency.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of comprehensive pick of coal mine big cross section hard-rock tunnel combines rapidly and efficiently driving method with big gun pick, it is characterized in that：It is included in rock
Blasting procedure excavated section accumulates 14.0m in the hard-rock tunnel section of stone Protodyakonov coefficient f > 10.02, depth 2.0m vallecular cavity after, comprehensive pick
Machine extension vallecular cavity to entire excavated section and being modified to tunnel-surrounding under the enough size scope of freedom and free space effect to be formed
Regular large section roadway, big gun pick and comprehensive pick successively use in same work team's tunneling process, each work team's big gun pick and comprehensive
The relatively short distance tunnel of pick joint driving 2.0m, subsequent job class recycle progress, so that digging laneway length is reached regulation and want successively
It asks；
Blasting procedure tunnels vallecular cavity range in 14.0m in hard-rock tunnel section2To meet initiator once detonation ability, divide snubber
Cut Blasting and reliever break up blasting, borehole depth is in 2.2-2.5m ranges to meet per tour driving vallecular cavity depth 2.0m just
Rule cycle and speedy drivage requirement, borehole diameter and charge diameter are respectively Φ 40.0mm, Φ 35.0mm to meet hard rock single hole
Explosive payload and the requirement of stemming stemming length；Slotting divides three-level angled cut, every grade of slotting to deepen successively, and inclination angle increases successively；It draws
Slotted eyes unit volume amount of consumption of drugs is chosen according to hard rock hardness and borehole depth quantization, and every grade of single hole explosive payload is according to fractured rock volume
And the quantization of unit volume amount of consumption of drugs determines；Three-level slotting is respectively adopted I section, Section III section, Section IV section detonator millisecond and delays
It is quick-fried, reliever V section detonator millisecond delay initiation, five sections of snubber, reliever detonator millisecond extension once detonations；
Blasting procedure tunnels the blasting parameter of vallecular cavity, and basal area 14.0m is formed in satisfaction2, depth 2.0m vallecular cavity require and ensure every
On the basis of normal cyclic and the speedy drivage requirement of driving 2.0m are combined in the comprehensive pick of class with big gun pick, rock after explosion is further ensured
Stone, which disperses, does not damage development end rear fully-mechanized digging machine；
The vallecular cavity basal area 14.0m formed after development blasting2, depth 2.0m provides the enough size scope of freedom and freedom for fully-mechanized digging machine
Space selects reasonable fully-mechanized digging machine cutter tooth parameter, and fully-mechanized digging machine can be with fly-cutting rock under the vallecular cavity scope of freedom and free space effect
Stone.
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| CN108266190A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-07-10 | 中铁隆工程集团有限公司 | A kind of hard rock tunnel construction method |
| CN108596433A (en) * | 2018-03-22 | 2018-09-28 | 安徽建筑大学 | Risk factor evaluation method applied to coal mine safety management |
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| CN113203330B (en) * | 2021-03-24 | 2022-07-19 | 山东科技大学 | One-time detonation method for large-section tunnel |
| CN115200437B (en) * | 2022-07-11 | 2023-09-26 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Double large diameter hollow hole bottom energy collecting and cutting blasting method |
| CN116592722B (en) * | 2023-07-14 | 2023-09-12 | 江汉大学 | Method for calculating tunnel blasting explosive dosage through drilling process characteristics |
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| CN105937395A (en) | 2016-09-14 |
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Effective date of registration: 20211222 Address after: 421800 Baisha village, Zaoshi Street sub district office, Leiyang City, Hengyang City, Hunan Province Patentee after: Hunan coal industry group Hongwei Mining Co.,Ltd. Address before: 230601 no.292, Ziyun Road, Jingkai District, Hefei City, Anhui Province Patentee before: ANHUI JIANZHU University |