CN105921915A - Copper-based brazing material and brazing technique for hard alloy - Google Patents
Copper-based brazing material and brazing technique for hard alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN105921915A CN105921915A CN201610513467.5A CN201610513467A CN105921915A CN 105921915 A CN105921915 A CN 105921915A CN 201610513467 A CN201610513467 A CN 201610513467A CN 105921915 A CN105921915 A CN 105921915A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/40—Making wire or rods for soldering or welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/008—Soldering within a furnace
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/20—Preliminary treatment of work or areas to be soldered, e.g. in respect of a galvanic coating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/20—Preliminary treatment of work or areas to be soldered, e.g. in respect of a galvanic coating
- B23K1/206—Cleaning
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to welding of hard alloy, in particular to a copper-based brazing material and brazing technique for hard alloy. The brazing technique mainly includes the steps that the copper-based brazing material suitable for the hard alloy is designed and prepared, and the hard alloy is brazed under vacuum or argon shield. By adding Ni into the copper-based brazing material, corrosion resistance of the brazing material can be improved, and the melting point of the brazing material can be well controlled by reasonably controlling the Al content in brazing material alloy. Meanwhile, the copper-based alloy brazing material achieves good wetting and interfacial behaviors on the hard alloy, and the good brazability of the copper-based alloy brazing material on the hard alloy is ensured. In order to make the brazing material uniform in constituent, argon shield is generally required during preparation of copper-based alloy, and repeated smelting is also required; and for obtaining a good brazing joint, certain pressure needs to be applied to a part to be welded in the brazing process, the strength of the welding joint is reduced if the pressure is too large or if the pressure is too small, and meanwhile the welding atmosphere needs vacuum or argon shield.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the welding of hard alloy, refer in particular to a kind of copper base solder for hard alloy and soldering processes.
Background technology
Hard alloy has higher intensity, a consistency and elasticity modulus because of it, wear-resistant, corrosion-resistant, thermal coefficient of expansion is little and changes
Character is relatively stable, is widely used in the fields such as cutting element, wear part, mining and road engineering machinery.But,
Hard alloy poor toughness, fragility are big, it is difficult to carry out machining, and price is of a relatively high, and these factors make it to be formed
The goods that size is bigger, complex-shaped, range is extremely restricted.In actual production, many parts are in use
It is not required to entirety and all uses hard alloy manufacture, so by hard alloy and good toughness, intensity is higher, processing characteristics is excellent and honest and clean
The steel of valency couples together use, and this has important function for the application widening hard alloy, has the most become solution hard alloy
Size is limited, simple shape, cost are high and the not enough main method such as poor toughness.
At present, the Joining Technology of hard alloy and steel mainly has diffusion welding (DW), melting welding and soldering etc., and diffusion technology for welding is to connection
The processing of specimen surface and the requirement of connection equipment are high, need big connection pressure, and the size and dimension of butt-welding fitting is restricted,
Cannot be carried out the production of continuous batch formula.For melting, due to melting temperature higher, the fusing of metallic binding phase
Cause WC particle to enter weld seam, once assemble and will be substantially reduced weld strength.For the outstanding problem of said welding method, pricker
Because having, heat input is little, deform the series of advantages such as little in weldering, has gradually obtained the attention of people.But current hard alloy
Soldering yet suffers from some problems: the use temperature of soldered fitting is low, high-temperature service environment lower contact poor mechanical property, it is difficult to protect
The applied at elevated temperature reliability of card soldered fitting.Secondly, what carbide quartz welding application was more is money base intermediate temperature solder, expensive,
Cost is high.Therefore research and develop low cost, high temperature resistant, corrosion-resistant and good mechanical performance solder is to solve hard alloy extensively to apply
Main path.
For solving the problems referred to above, the mainly low silver of research at present or the copper-based filler metal without silver.Acid bronze alloy about low silver
Solder, if Chinese patent ZL201310476847.2 is " for welding Cadmium-free low-silver medium-temperature solder and the preparation side of hard alloy and steel
Method " it is by anxious by electric arc melting, single roller to Ag, Sn, Zn, Ni, Cu and trace alloying element Ce, Ga, Bi metal powder
Cold method prepares solder foil the welding for hard alloy；Chinese patent ZL201010551063.8 is " a kind of for hard
High-temp solder of alloy cutter soldering and preparation method thereof " by Cu, Ag, TiH2, the powder such as Ni, Sn and Cr utilize machinery to close
The method of aurification prepares solder alloy brazing hard alloy；Chinese patent ZL201210423571.7 " a kind of connection hard alloy
With the chilling solder of steel and preparation method and method of attachment " metal dusts such as Ag, Cu, Zn, Ni, Mn, Co, Sn are utilized
Electric arc melting, copper roller get rid of the method for band and prepare solder foil, are applied to the welding of hard alloy and steel.Above-mentioned solder is still without thoroughly
Removing the existence of Ag, solder cost is high, complicated process of preparation, and element Zn etc. is readily volatilized during vacuum welding, thus
Reduce strength of joint.
About the copper-based filler metal without silver, Chinese patent ZL201310124580.0 " brazing hard alloy silver-less solder " is logical
Cross the design preparation Cu base solder containing Zn, Mn, Ni, Sn, Al the soldering for hard alloy.Compared with the application,
This solder contains Volatile Elements Zn, and strength of joint can be caused in vacuum welding to decline；Document " Xu Yingmei. use CuMnNi
Solder vacuum brazing 40Cr steel and the technical study of YG8 hard alloy. scientific and technical, 2010,2:191 " and " Lu Yang, Wang Hai
The vacuum brazing technique research of dragon, Zhou Jijiang .40Cr steel and YG8 hard alloy. Jiangsu University of Science and Technology's journal, 2007,21 (4):
76-79 " all use CuMnNi solder brazing hard alloy and 40Cr steel, compared with the application, the CuMnNi of above-mentioned solder
Solder Mn loss of elements ratio under high-temperature soldering is more serious, and under low temperature, Elements Diffusion is uneven, and welding procedure is difficult to control to.Literary composition
Offer " Zhai Qiuya, Liang Cunkun, establish an army, and Xu Jin cutting edge of a knife or a sword .Cu base crystallite solder high frequency brazing 0Cr18Ni9Nb/YG6 analyzes. welding
Report, 2008,29 (9): 23-26 " use Cu-xSn crystallite solder brazing 0Cr18Ni9Nb stainless steel and YG6 hard alloy.
In a word, no matter above-mentioned low silver or the copper base solder without silver-colored copper-based filler metal with the application are on metallic element forms,
Or all there is the biggest difference in the mass percentage content of its each element.
Additionally, for welding procedure, also have relevant report to improve its welding by solder or hard alloy carry out pretreatment
Property, such as document " Barrena MI, Gomez de Salazar JM, Matesanz L.Interfacial microstructure and
mechanical strength of WC–Co/90MnCrV8cold work tool steel diffusion bonded joint with Cu/Ni
Electroplated interlayer.Materials and Design, 2010,31:3389-3394 " use electronickelling pure Cu metal pair
WC-Co and 90MnCrV8 steel welds；Chinese patent ZL201210505847.6 " a kind of hard alloy and steel alloy
Soldering/diffusion welding (DW) complex welding method " be by the method for hard alloy electroless nickel layer by pure Cu as solder use soldering/
Hard alloy and 42CrMo steel alloy are welded by diffusion welding (DW) composite welding process；Chinese patent ZL201410286051.5 " one
The quick diffusion welding method of kind of hard alloy and steel " be hard alloy/tinsel/steel is fitted tightly after obtain one-piece machine member,
Then successively process and direct current sintering processes through pulse activated, obtain the welding point of hard alloy and steel；Compared with the application,
It is relatively big that its complex process and welding apply pressure, higher to equipment requirement." one is used for Chinese patent ZL200910062659.9
Weld hard alloy and the welding rod of steel part and welding method thereof " utilize compositions of surfacing metal for W, CaCo3、CaF2、TiO2、SiO2、
The welding rod of C and Fe, uses melting technique welding hard alloy and steel, and compared with the application, welding temperature is high, complex process.
In a word, compared with the application, though above-mentioned soldering processes can be by improving hard to hard alloy or solder nickel plating technology
The brazing property of alloy, but between Ni layer and matrix, thermal coefficient of expansion does not mates, the interface binding power defect such as loosely, postwelding is easy
The problems such as induce crackle in interface, needed for diffusion welding (DW), welding pressure is big in addition, and the welding temperature of melting welding is high all become and limit this
The principal element of class method application.The most how by researching and developing suitable brazing filler metal alloy and optimizing soldering processes, become hard and close
The wide variety of technical bottleneck of gold.
Summary of the invention
The invention reside in a kind of copper base solder for hard alloy of offer and soldering processes, it is therefore an objective to improve the soldering of hard alloy
The intensity of joint performance, particularly joint, heat-resisting quantity, the characteristic such as anticorrosive.
To achieve these goals, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that and is achieved, a kind of copper-based for hard alloy
Solder and soldering processes, the preparation of its copper base solder is made up of following steps:
(1) commercially available Cu, Ni, Al powder of certain mass proportioning, certain purity is mixed, be placed in tumbling ball mill
Upper ball milling makes metal mixed powder.
(2) above-mentioned metal mixed powder is taken out, dry, sieve.
(3) weigh the metal mixed powder that a certain amount of above-mentioned mistake is sieved, utilize pressure forming machine to be pressed into block, be then placed in oxygen
Change in zirconium crucible, utilize medium frequency induction melting furnace to carry out melting, prepare alloy pig.
(4) utilize milling train by alloy pig rolling for～the paillon foil of 100 μ m thick, then be cut into a certain size paillon foil, and use fine sand
Oxide on surface is removed in paper polishing, must can be used for the copper-based filler metal paillon foil of carbide quartz welding.
In step (1), Cu, Ni, Al powder quality degree is as follows: the Ni of the Cu of 65-85%, 12.5-30%,
The Al of 2.5-10%；The purity of Cu, Ni and Al powder is all higher than 99.7wt%.
In step (1), described ball milling, its ball-milling medium is alcohol, and abrading-ball is agate ball, and ratio of grinding media to material is 8:1, ball milling
Rotating speed is 100r/min, and Ball-milling Time is 12-48h.
In step (2), dry and refer to be placed in 80 DEG C of drying in vacuum drying oven, sieve and referred to 100 mesh sieves.
In step (3), described melting, its induced-current 200-250A, each smelting time is 100-120s, protects gas
Atmosphere is argon gas, and condenses until alloy pig composition is uniform through 3 rapid remeltings.
To achieve these goals, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that and is achieved, a kind of copper-based for hard alloy
Solder and soldering processes, its soldering processes are made up of following steps:
(1) hard alloy after oil removing is polished with steel curved beam solder side, polishes, be then placed in absolute ethyl alcohol ultrasonic clearly
Wash.
(2) hard alloy cleaned up, copper-based filler metal paillon foil and steel curved beam are sequentially placed in graphite jig, and at steel
The steel part that can apply certain pressure is placed on sample.
(3) graphite jig assembled is placed in vacuum drying oven carries out soldering under vacuum or under argon shield, with certain firing rate
It is heated to uniform temperature, after held for some time, is cooled to 300 DEG C with certain cooling velocity, then cools to room temperature with the furnace
Shi Kailu samples.
In step (2), the described certain pressure that applies refers to apply the pressure of 3-10kPa.
In step (3), vacuum≤1 × 10 of described vacuum-2Pa, programming rate is 5-10 DEG C/min, and brazing temperature is 1160-
1230 DEG C, temperature retention time is 3-10min, and cooling velocity is 3-5 DEG C/min.
The application is mainly applicable to the copper-based filler metal of hard alloy by design, preparation, and utilizes vacuum or argon shield pricker
Weldering hard alloy.By adding Ni in coper-base solder alloy, the decay resistance of solder can be improved, by conservative control solder
The content of Al in alloy, can well control the fusing point of solder.Copper-based filler metal has good wetting to hard alloy simultaneously
And interface behavior, it is ensured that its soldering good to hard alloy.For making brazing filler metal alloy composition uniform, copper is prepared in general requirement
Want argon shield during base alloy and melting is repeated several times；For ensureing to obtain good soldered fitting, in brazing process, to-be-welded pieces
Needing to apply certain pressure, if pressure is excessive or too small strength of welded joint all can be caused to reduce, welding atmosphere needs simultaneously
For vacuum or argon shield.
Compared to the prior art, the invention have the advantages that (1) is designed without patina owing to acid bronze alloy uses, low cost,
And excellent with hard alloy substrate wetting and interface behavior, simultaneously because acid bronze alloy with the addition of the alloying elements such as Ni and Al,
This solder has the advantages such as corrosion-resistant, fusing point is controlled.(2) compared with the welding procedure such as diffusion welding (DW), melting, brazing temperature is low,
Temperature retention time is short, additonal pressure is low, low for equipment requirements and welding efficiency is high, it is adaptable to the welding of hard alloy.(3) with this
Acid bronze alloy is solder, and Welding shearing strength of joint is higher, corrosion-resistant, and joint is applicable to the complex working conditions such as shield machine.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the metallograph of a kind of copper base solder for hard alloy (Cu-19.5Ni-2.5Al) and uses this solder to firmly
Matter alloy and the soldered fitting section of/45 steel；Hard alloy and 45 steel time (a) Cu-19.5Ni-2.5Al metallograph (b) 1220 DEG C
Welding point section.
Fig. 2 is the metallograph of a kind of copper base solder for hard alloy (Cu-19Ni-5Al) and uses this solder to hard
Alloy and the soldered fitting section of/45 steel；Hard alloy and the welding of 45 steel time (a) Cu-19Ni-5Al metallograph (b) 1210 DEG C
Joint section.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is further elaborated.
A kind of preparation process for the copper base solder of hard alloy of the present invention includes:
(1) commercially available Cu, Ni, Al powder of certain mass proportioning, certain purity is mixed, be placed on tumbling ball mill
Ball milling makes metal mixed powder.
(2) taking-up of above-mentioned metal mixed powder is placed in crucible, is placed in vacuum drying oven drying at 80 DEG C, crosses 100 subsequently
Mesh sieve.
(3) weigh the metal mixed powder that a certain amount of above-mentioned mistake is sieved, utilize pressure forming machine to be pressed into block, be then placed in oxygen
Change in zirconium crucible, utilize medium frequency induction melting furnace to carry out melting, prepare alloy pig.
(4) utilize milling train by alloy pig rolling for～the paillon foil of 100 μ m thick, then be cut into a certain size paillon foil, and use fine sand
Oxide on surface is removed in paper polishing, must can be used for the copper-based filler metal paillon foil of carbide quartz welding.
Cu, Ni, Al powder quality degree of the present invention is as follows: the Ni of the Cu of 65-85%, 12.5-30%,
The Al of 2.5-10%；The purity of described Cu, Ni and Al powder is all higher than 99.7%.
Ball milling of the present invention, its ball-milling medium is alcohol, and abrading-ball is agate ball, and ratio of grinding media to material is 8:1, and rotational speed of ball-mill is
100r/min, Ball-milling Time is 12-48h.
Melting of the present invention, its induced-current 200-250A, each smelting time is 100-120s, and protective atmosphere is argon gas,
And through 3 rapid remeltings and condensation.
A kind of step for the soldering processes of hard alloy of the present invention includes:
(1) hard alloy after oil removing is polished with steel curved beam solder side, polishes, be then placed in absolute ethyl alcohol ultrasonic clearly
Wash 10 minutes.
(2) hard alloy cleaned up, above-mentioned copper-based filler metal paillon foil and steel are sequentially placed in graphite jig, and at steel
The steel part that can apply certain pressure is placed on sample.
(3) graphite jig assembled is placed in vacuum drying oven (vacuum≤1 × 10-2Pa) soldering is carried out in or under argon shield,
It is heated to uniform temperature with certain firing rate, after held for some time, is cooled to 300 DEG C with certain cooling velocity, then
Cool to blow-on sampling during room temperature with the furnace.
Applying certain pressure of the present invention is 3-10kPa, and programming rate is 5-10 DEG C/min, and brazing temperature is 1160-
1230 DEG C, temperature retention time is 3-10min, and cooling velocity is 3-5 DEG C/min.
Case study on implementation 1
(1) Cu, Ni, Al powder of commercially available purity about 99.7% is mixed with the mass percent of 78:19.5:2.5,
Being subsequently placed on tumbling ball mill, with agate ball as abrading-ball, alcohol is ball-milling medium, and ratio of grinding media to material is 8:1, and rotational speed of ball-mill is
100r/min, ball milling 24h make metal mixed powder；Above-mentioned metal mixed powder is taken out and is placed in crucible, be placed in vacuum
Baking oven is dried at 80 DEG C, crosses 100 mesh sieves subsequently.
(2) weigh the metal mixed powder that the above-mentioned mistake of 30g is sieved, utilize pressure forming machine to be pressed into block, be then placed in oxidation
In zirconium crucible, being placed in medium frequency induction melting furnace, regulation electric current is 250A, and the time is 100s, after repeating 3 meltings,
Prepare alloy pig；Utilize milling train by alloy pig rolling for～the paillon foil of 100 μ m thick, then be cut into the paillon foil of 10 × 10mm, and use
Oxide on surface is removed in fine sandpaper polishing, must can be used for the copper-based filler metal paillon foil of carbide quartz welding.For analyzing this solder
Metallographic structure, takes part solder, after polishing, polish and corroding, is placed on metallography microscope Microscopic observation (Fig. 1 a).
(3) hard alloy after oil removing is polished with steel curved beam solder side, polishes, be then placed in absolute ethyl alcohol ultrasonic clearly
Wash 10 minutes；The hard alloy cleaned up, above-mentioned copper-based filler metal paillon foil and steel are sequentially placed in graphite jig, and
The steel part applying 10kPa pressure is placed on steel curved beam；The graphite jig assembled is placed in vacuum drying oven, enters under argon shield
Row soldering, heats 1000 DEG C with 10 DEG C/min, then is heated to 1220 DEG C with 5 DEG C/min, after insulation 10min, with 5 DEG C/min
Cooling velocity to 1000 DEG C, then with the cooling velocity of 3 DEG C/min to 300 DEG C, then cool to blow-on sampling during room temperature with the furnace.
For analyzing soldered fitting Interface Microstructure and pattern, soldered fitting is cut along being perpendicular to the line cutting of weld interface direction, polishes polishing
After, under ESEM, observe (Fig. 1 b).
Embodiment 2
(1) Cu, Ni, Al powder of commercially available purity about 99.7% is mixed with the mass percent of 76:19:5, so
Being placed on tumbling ball mill, with agate ball as abrading-ball, alcohol is ball-milling medium, and ratio of grinding media to material is 8:1, and rotational speed of ball-mill is 100r/min,
Ball milling 24h makes metal mixed powder；Above-mentioned metal mixed powder is taken out and is placed in crucible, be placed in vacuum drying oven 80 DEG C
Lower drying, crosses 100 mesh sieves subsequently.
(2) weigh the metal mixed powder that the above-mentioned mistake of 30g is sieved, utilize pressure forming machine to be pressed into block, be then placed in oxidation
In zirconium crucible, being placed in medium frequency induction melting furnace, regulation electric current is 250A, and the time is 110s, after repeating 3 meltings,
Prepare alloy pig；Utilize milling train by alloy pig rolling for～the paillon foil of 100 μ m thick, then be cut into the paillon foil of 10 × 10mm, and use
Oxide on surface is removed in fine sandpaper polishing, must can be used for the copper-based filler metal paillon foil of carbide quartz welding.For analyzing this solder
Metallographic structure, takes part solder, after polishing, polish and corroding, is placed on metallography microscope Microscopic observation (Fig. 2 a).
(3) hard alloy after oil removing is polished with steel curved beam solder side, polishes, then will treat that it is placed in absolute ethyl alcohol ultrasonic
Clean 10 minutes；The hard alloy cleaned up, above-mentioned copper-based filler metal paillon foil and steel are sequentially placed in graphite jig, and
Steel curved beam is placed the steel part applying 10kPa pressure；The graphite jig assembled is placed in vacuum drying oven and carries out soldering, vacuum
Degree≤1 × 10-2Pa, heats 1000 DEG C with 10 DEG C/min, then is heated to 1210 DEG C with 5 DEG C/min, after insulation 10min, with
The cooling velocity of 5 DEG C/min is to 1000 DEG C, then with the cooling velocity of 3 DEG C/min to 300 DEG C, when then cooling to room temperature with the furnace
Blow-on samples.For analyzing soldered fitting Interface Microstructure and pattern, soldered fitting is cut along being perpendicular to the line cutting of weld interface direction,
After polishing polishing, under ESEM, observe (Fig. 2 b).
Embodiment 3
(1) Cu, Ni, Al powder of commercially available purity about 99.7% is mixed with the mass percent of 74:16:10, so
Being placed on tumbling ball mill, with agate ball as abrading-ball, alcohol is ball-milling medium, and ratio of grinding media to material is 8:1, and rotational speed of ball-mill is 100r/min,
Ball milling 48h makes metal mixed powder；Above-mentioned metal mixed powder is taken out and is placed in crucible, be placed in vacuum drying oven 80 DEG C
Lower drying, crosses 100 mesh sieves subsequently.
(2) weigh the metal mixed powder that the above-mentioned mistake of 30g is sieved, utilize pressure forming machine to be pressed into block, be then placed in oxidation
In zirconium crucible, being placed in medium frequency induction melting furnace, regulation electric current is 250A, and the time is 120s, after repeating 3 meltings,
Prepare alloy pig；Utilize milling train by alloy pig rolling for～the paillon foil of 100 μ m thick, then be cut into the paillon foil of 10 × 10mm, and use
Oxide on surface is removed in fine sandpaper polishing, must can be used for the copper-based filler metal paillon foil of carbide quartz welding.
(3) hard alloy after oil removing is polished with steel curved beam solder side, polishes, be then placed in absolute ethyl alcohol ultrasonic clearly
Wash 10 minutes；The hard alloy cleaned up, above-mentioned copper-based filler metal paillon foil and steel are sequentially placed in graphite jig, and
The steel part applying 5kPa pressure is placed on steel curved beam；The graphite jig assembled is placed in vacuum drying oven and carries out soldering, vacuum≤
1×10-2Pa, heats 1000 DEG C with 10 DEG C/min, then is heated to 1160 DEG C with 5 DEG C/min, after insulation 5min, with 5 DEG C/min
Cooling velocity to 1000 DEG C, then with the cooling velocity of 3 DEG C/min to 300 DEG C, then cool to blow-on sampling during room temperature with the furnace.
Embodiment 4
(1) Cu, Ni, Al powder of commercially available purity about 99.7% is mixed with the mass percent of 82.5:12.5:5, so
Being placed on tumbling ball mill, with agate ball as abrading-ball, alcohol is ball-milling medium, and ratio of grinding media to material is 8:1, and rotational speed of ball-mill is 100r/min,
Ball milling 12h makes metal mixed powder；Above-mentioned metal mixed powder is taken out and is placed in crucible, be placed in vacuum drying oven 80 DEG C
Lower drying, crosses 100 mesh sieves subsequently.
(2) weigh the metal mixed powder that the above-mentioned mistake of 30g is sieved, utilize pressure forming machine to be pressed into block, be then placed in oxidation
In zirconium crucible, being placed in medium frequency induction melting furnace, regulation electric current is 200A, and the time is 120s, after repeating 3 meltings,
Prepare alloy pig；Utilize milling train by alloy pig rolling for～the paillon foil of 100 μ m thick, then be cut into the paillon foil of 10 × 10mm, and use
Oxide on surface is removed in fine sandpaper polishing, must can be used for the copper-based filler metal paillon foil of carbide quartz welding.
(3) hard alloy after oil removing is polished with steel curved beam solder side, polishes, be then placed in absolute ethyl alcohol ultrasonic clearly
Wash 10 minutes；The hard alloy cleaned up, above-mentioned copper-based filler metal paillon foil and steel are sequentially placed in graphite jig, and
The steel part applying 3kPa pressure is placed on steel curved beam；The graphite jig assembled is placed in vacuum drying oven and carries out soldering, vacuum≤
1×10-2Pa, heats 1000 DEG C with 10 DEG C/min, then is heated to 1210 DEG C with 5 DEG C/min, after insulation 10min, with 5 DEG C/min
Cooling velocity to 1000 DEG C, then with the cooling velocity of 3 DEG C/min to 300 DEG C, then cool to blow-on sampling during room temperature with the furnace.
Embodiment 5
(1) Cu, Ni, Al powder of commercially available purity about 99.7% is mixed with the mass percent of 85:12.5:2.5,
Being subsequently placed on tumbling ball mill, with agate ball as abrading-ball, alcohol is ball-milling medium, and ratio of grinding media to material is 8:1, and rotational speed of ball-mill is
100r/min, ball milling 24h make metal mixed powder；Above-mentioned metal mixed powder is taken out and is placed in crucible, be placed in vacuum
Baking oven is dried at 80 DEG C, crosses 100 mesh sieves subsequently.
(2) weigh the metal mixed powder that the above-mentioned mistake of 30g is sieved, utilize pressure forming machine to be pressed into block, be then placed in oxidation
In zirconium crucible, being placed in medium frequency induction melting furnace, regulation electric current is 200A, and the time is 110s, after repeating 3 meltings,
Prepare alloy pig；Utilize milling train by alloy pig rolling for～the paillon foil of 100 μ m thick, then be cut into the paillon foil of 10 × 10mm, and use
Oxide on surface is removed in fine sandpaper polishing, must can be used for the copper-based filler metal paillon foil of carbide quartz welding.
(3) hard alloy after oil removing is polished with steel curved beam solder side, polishes, be then placed in absolute ethyl alcohol ultrasonic clearly
Wash 10 minutes；The hard alloy cleaned up, above-mentioned copper-based filler metal paillon foil and steel are sequentially placed in graphite jig, and
The steel part applying 10kPa pressure is placed on steel curved beam；The graphite jig assembled is placed in vacuum drying oven and carries out soldering, vacuum
≤1×10-2Pa, heats 1000 DEG C with 10 DEG C/min, then is heated to 1230 DEG C with 5 DEG C/min, after insulation 3min, with 5 DEG C/min
Cooling velocity to 1000 DEG C, then with the cooling velocity of 3 DEG C/min to 300 DEG C, then cool to blow-on sampling during room temperature with the furnace.
Copper base solder and the soldering processes of the hard alloy in above-described embodiment are summarized in table 1.
Table 1 hard alloy/steel soldering processes and joint performance
The above, be only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not impose any restrictions the present invention, every according to the technology of the present invention
Any simple modification that above example is made by essence, change, all still fall within the protection domain of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. the copper base solder for hard alloy, it is characterised in that adopt and prepare with the following method:
(1) commercially available Cu, Ni, Al powder of certain mass proportioning, certain purity is mixed, be placed in roller ball mill
On machine, ball milling makes metal mixed powder；
(2) above-mentioned metal mixed powder is taken out, dry, sieve；
(3) weigh the metal mixed powder that a certain amount of above-mentioned mistake is sieved, utilize pressure forming machine to be pressed into block, then put
Enter in zirconium oxide crucible, utilize medium frequency induction melting furnace to carry out melting, prepare alloy pig；
(4) utilize milling train by alloy pig rolling for～the paillon foil of 100 μ m thick, then be cut into a certain size paillon foil, and with carefully
Oxide on surface is removed in sand papering, must can be used for the copper-based filler metal paillon foil of carbide quartz welding.
A kind of copper base solder for hard alloy, it is characterised in that in step (1),
Cu, Ni, Al powder quality degree is as follows: the Al of the Ni of the Cu of 65-85%, 12.5-30%, 2.5-10%；
The purity of Cu, Ni and Al powder is all higher than 99.7wt%.
A kind of copper base solder for hard alloy, it is characterised in that in step (1),
Described ball milling, its ball-milling medium is alcohol, and abrading-ball is agate ball, and ratio of grinding media to material is 8:1, and rotational speed of ball-mill is 100r/min,
Ball-milling Time is 12-48h.
A kind of copper base solder for hard alloy, it is characterised in that in step (2),
Drying refers to be placed in 80 DEG C of drying in vacuum drying oven, sieves and referred to 100 mesh sieves.
A kind of copper base solder for hard alloy, it is characterised in that in step (3),
Described melting, its induced-current 200-250A, each smelting time is 100-120s, and protective atmosphere is argon gas, and warp
3 times rapid remelting condenses until alloy pig composition is uniform.
6. use the technique that the copper base solder as described in arbitrary in claim 1-5 carries out soldering, it is characterised in that step
As follows:
(1) hard alloy after oil removing is polished with steel curved beam solder side, polishes, be then placed in absolute ethyl alcohol super
Sound cleans；
(2) hard alloy cleaned up, copper-based filler metal paillon foil and steel curved beam are sequentially placed in graphite jig, and
Steel curved beam is placed the steel part that can apply certain pressure；
(3) graphite jig assembled is placed in vacuum drying oven and under vacuum or under argon shield, carries out soldering, with certain heating
Speed is heated to uniform temperature, after held for some time, is cooled to 300 DEG C with certain cooling velocity, then cools down with stove
Sample to blow-on during room temperature.
7. technique as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that in step (2), described applying certain pressure refers to execute
Add the pressure of 3-10kPa.
8. technique as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that in step (3), vacuum≤1 × 10 of described vacuum-2Pa,
Programming rate is 5-10 DEG C/min, and brazing temperature is 1160-1230 DEG C, and temperature retention time is 3-10min, and cooling velocity is
3-5℃/min。
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| CN106498197A (en) * | 2016-10-18 | 2017-03-15 | 广西大学 | A kind of preparation method of Sn Cu Al series lead-free solders |
| CN107553002A (en) * | 2017-09-04 | 2018-01-09 | 湖北汽车工业学院 | A kind of soldering masterbatch and its soldering processes |
| CN109623066A (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2019-04-16 | 中铁工程装备集团有限公司 | A kind of atmosphere protection soldering shield cutter technique |
| CN110293331A (en) * | 2019-06-24 | 2019-10-01 | 中国航发动力股份有限公司 | A kind of sheet composite soldering and its preparation method and application and the method that blade is welded using it |
| CN110303271A (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2019-10-08 | 新余学院 | The titanium nickel solder and preparation and method for welding of soldering TiB+TiC hybrid buildup titanium composite material and nickel-base alloy |
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| CN106498197A (en) * | 2016-10-18 | 2017-03-15 | 广西大学 | A kind of preparation method of Sn Cu Al series lead-free solders |
| CN106498197B (en) * | 2016-10-18 | 2018-03-06 | 广西大学 | A kind of preparation method of Sn Cu Al series lead-free solders |
| CN107553002A (en) * | 2017-09-04 | 2018-01-09 | 湖北汽车工业学院 | A kind of soldering masterbatch and its soldering processes |
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| CN109623066A (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2019-04-16 | 中铁工程装备集团有限公司 | A kind of atmosphere protection soldering shield cutter technique |
| CN110293331A (en) * | 2019-06-24 | 2019-10-01 | 中国航发动力股份有限公司 | A kind of sheet composite soldering and its preparation method and application and the method that blade is welded using it |
| CN110303271A (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2019-10-08 | 新余学院 | The titanium nickel solder and preparation and method for welding of soldering TiB+TiC hybrid buildup titanium composite material and nickel-base alloy |
| CN110303271B (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2021-08-13 | 新余学院 | Titanium-nickel brazing filler metal for brazing TiB + TiC hybrid reinforced titanium-based composite material and nickel-based alloy and preparation and brazing methods |
| CN113579389A (en) * | 2021-06-21 | 2021-11-02 | 徐州徐工施维英机械有限公司 | Vacuum brazing method for dissimilar metals of concrete machinery |
| CN115213507A (en) * | 2022-06-29 | 2022-10-21 | 潜江市江汉钻具有限公司 | Vacuum brazing method for cobalt-based diamond composite spherical teeth |
| CN115213507B (en) * | 2022-06-29 | 2024-04-16 | 潜江市江汉钻具有限公司 | Vacuum brazing method for cobalt-based diamond composite buttons |
| CN115057632A (en) * | 2022-07-27 | 2022-09-16 | 苏州大学 | Laser sealing method for lithium aluminosilicate glass and stainless steel |
| CN115502501A (en) * | 2022-10-25 | 2022-12-23 | 苏州科技大学 | Method for vacuum brazing of diamond abrasive particles by copper-based brazing filler metal |
| CN115502501B (en) * | 2022-10-25 | 2024-10-15 | 苏州科技大学 | Method for vacuum brazing of diamond abrasive particles by copper-based brazing filler metal |
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