CN105921915B - A kind of copper base solder and soldering processes for hard alloy - Google Patents
A kind of copper base solder and soldering processes for hard alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN105921915B CN105921915B CN201610513467.5A CN201610513467A CN105921915B CN 105921915 B CN105921915 B CN 105921915B CN 201610513467 A CN201610513467 A CN 201610513467A CN 105921915 B CN105921915 B CN 105921915B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/40—Making wire or rods for soldering or welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/008—Soldering within a furnace
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/20—Preliminary treatment of work or areas to be soldered, e.g. in respect of a galvanic coating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/20—Preliminary treatment of work or areas to be soldered, e.g. in respect of a galvanic coating
- B23K1/206—Cleaning
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- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the welding of hard alloy, refer in particular to the copper base solder and soldering processes of a kind of hard alloy.The present invention mainly passes through design, preparation is suitable for the copper-based filler metal of hard alloy, and protects brazing hard alloy using vacuum or argon gas.By adding Ni into coper-base solder alloy, the corrosion resistance of solder can be improved, by rationally controlling the content of Al in brazing filler metal alloy, the fusing point of solder can be controlled well.Copper-based filler metal has good wetting and interface behavior to hard alloy simultaneously, ensure that it to the good soldering of hard alloy.To keep brazing filler metal alloy ingredient uniform, general requirement wants argon gas to protect and melting is repeated several times when preparing acid bronze alloy；To guarantee to obtain good soldered fitting, in brazing process, to-be-welded pieces need to apply certain pressure, if pressure it is excessive or it is too small will lead to strength of welded joint reduction, while welding atmosphere needs to protect for vacuum or argon gas.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the welding of hard alloy, refer in particular to a kind of copper base solder and soldering processes for hard alloy.
Background technique
Hard alloy is wear-resistant, corrosion-resistant, thermal expansion coefficient is small because of its intensity with higher, hardness and elastic modulus
And chemical property is relatively stable, is widely used in the fields such as cutting element, wear part, mining and road engineering machinery.But
It is that hard alloy poor toughness, brittleness are big, it is difficult to carry out machining, and price is relatively high, these factors make it can not shape
Product larger at size, complex-shaped, use scope are extremely restricted.In actual production, many components are using
When do not need it is whole all manufactured with hard alloy, so by hard alloy and good toughness, intensity is higher, processing performance is excellent and
Cheap steel connects use, this plays a significant role the application for widening hard alloy, has become solution hard at present
The main method for the deficiencies of alloy size is limited, simple shape, at high cost and poor toughness.
Currently, the Joining Technology of hard alloy and steel mainly has diffusion welding (DW), melting welding and soldering etc., and diffusion technology for welding pair
It connects the processing of specimen surface and connects the requirement height of equipment, need big connection pressure, and the size and shape of butt-welding fitting
It is restricted, the production of continuous batch formula can not be carried out.For fusion welding, due to fusion welding temperature it is higher, metal bonding
The fusing of phase causes WC particle to enter weld seam, once aggregation will substantially reduce weld strength.For the protrusion of said welding method
Problem, soldering have gradually obtained the attention of people because having the series of advantages such as heat input is small, deformation is small.But it is hard at present
The soldering of matter alloy still has some problems: the use temperature of soldered fitting is low, high-temperature service environment lower contact mechanical property
Difference, it is difficult to guarantee the applied at elevated temperature reliability of soldered fitting.Secondly, carbide quartz welding using it is more be silver-based medium temperature pricker
Material, it is expensive, it is at high cost.Therefore research and development low cost, high temperature resistant, corrosion-resistant and good mechanical performance solder are to solve hard
The widely applied main path of alloy.
To solve the above problems, the mainly low silver studied at present or the copper-based filler metal without silver.Copper about low silver
Based alloy solder, if Chinese patent ZL201310476847.2 is " for welding the Cadmium-free low-silver medium-temperature solder of hard alloy and steel
And preparation method " it is that Ag, Sn, Zn, Ni, Cu and trace alloying element Ce, Ga, Bi metal powder is anxious by electric arc melting, single roller
Cold method prepares solder foil and is used for the welding of hard alloy；" one kind is for hard by Chinese patent ZL201010551063.8
The high-temp solder and preparation method thereof of matter alloy cutter soldering " is by Cu, Ag, TiH2, the powder such as Ni, Sn and Cr utilize mechanical alloy
The method of change prepares solder alloy and brazing hard alloy；A kind of Chinese patent ZL201210423571.7 " connection hard alloy
With the chilling solder and preparation method of steel and connection method " metal powders such as Ag, Cu, Zn, Ni, Mn, Co, Sn are melted using electric arc
The method that refining, copper roller get rid of band prepares solder foil, the welding applied to hard alloy and steel.Above-mentioned solder is still without completely removing Ag
Presence, brazing filler metal cost is high, preparation process is complicated, and element Zn etc. is readily volatilized during vacuum welding, to reduce connector
Intensity.
About the copper-based filler metal without silver, Chinese patent ZL201310124580.0 " brazing hard alloy silver-less solder "
It is by design Cu base solder of the preparation containing Zn, Mn, Ni, Sn, Al and for the soldering of hard alloy.In comparison with the present application, should
Solder contains Volatile Elements Zn, will lead to strength of joint decline in vacuum welding；" Xu Ying plum uses CuMnNi pricker to document
Expect the technical study science and technology of vacuum brazing 40Cr steel and YG8 hard alloy, 2010,2:191 " and " Lu Yang, Wang Hailong, week
The vacuum brazing technique of base river .40Cr steel and YG8 hard alloy studies Jiangsu University of Science and Technology journal, 2007,21 (4): 76-79 "
It is all made of CuMnNi solder brazing hard alloy and 40Cr steel, in comparison with the present application, the CuMnNi solder of above-mentioned solder is in high temperature
Welding lower Mn loss of elements, elements diffusion is uneven than more serious, under low temperature, and welding procedure is difficult to control.Document " Zhai Qiuya, beam
A kind of jade is deposited, is established an army, Xu Jin cutting edge of a knife or a sword .Cu base crystallite solder high frequency brazing 0Cr18Ni9Nb/YG6 analyzes and welds journal, 2008,29 (9):
23-26 " uses Cu-xSn crystallite solder brazing 0Cr18Ni9Nb stainless steel and YG6 hard alloy.
In short, the copper base solder of above-mentioned low silver or copper-based filler metal and the application without silver is either in metallic element group
There is very big difference in the mass percentage content of Cheng Shang or its each element.
In addition, also having relevant report by being pre-processed to solder or hard alloy to improve for welding procedure
Its weldability, such as document " Barrena MI, Gomez de Salazar JM, Matesanz L.Interfacial
microstructure and mechanical strength of WC–Co/90MnCrV8cold work tool steel
diffusion bonded joint with Cu/Ni electroplated interlayer.Materials and
Design, 2010,31:3389-3394 " weld WC-Co and 90MnCrV8 steel using the pure Cu metal of electronickelling；China
Patent ZL201210505847.6 " a kind of soldering/diffusion welding (DW) complex welding method of hard alloy and steel alloy " is by hard
The method of matter alloy plating nickel layer by pure Cu as solder using soldering/diffusion welding (DW) composite welding process to hard alloy and
42CrMo steel alloy is welded；A kind of Chinese patent ZL201410286051.5 " quick Diffusion Welding of hard alloy and steel
Method " is to obtain one-piece machine member after fitting closely hard alloy/metal foil/steel, is then successively handled by pulse activated
With direct current sintering processes, the welding point of hard alloy and steel is obtained；In comparison with the present application, complex process and welding, which apply, presses
Power is larger, the high requirements on the equipment.Chinese patent ZL200910062659.9 is " a kind of for welding the weldering of hard alloy and steel part
Item and its welding method " is W, CaCo using compositions of surfacing metal3、CaF2、TiO2、SiO2, C and Fe welding rod, using fusing Welding
Hard alloy and steel are welded, in comparison with the present application, welding temperature is high, complex process.
In short, in comparison with the present application, though above-mentioned soldering processes can be by that can mention hard alloy or solder nickel plating technology
The brazing property of high hard alloy, but Ni layers between matrix thermal expansion coefficient mismatch, interface binding power loosely the defects of, weldering
After be easy to induce crackle in interface, the problems such as furthermore welding pressure needed for diffusion welding (DW) is big, and the welding temperature of melting welding is high, all becomes
The principal element of the such method application of limitation.Therefore how by researching and developing suitable brazing filler metal alloy and optimization soldering processes,
As the widely applied technical bottleneck of hard alloy.
Summary of the invention
The invention reside in provide a kind of copper base solder and soldering processes for hard alloy, it is therefore an objective to improve hard alloy
Soldered fitting performance, especially characteristics such as the intensity, heat-resisting quantity of connector, anticorrosive.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention, which adopts the following technical scheme that, is achieved, and one kind being used for hard alloy
Copper base solder and soldering processes, the preparation of copper base solder is made of following steps:
(1) commercially available Cu, Ni, Al powder of certain mass proportion, certain purity is mixed, is placed in tumbling ball mill
Metal mixed powder is made in upper ball milling.
(2) above-mentioned metal mixed powder is taken out, drying, sieving.
(3) the metal mixed powder that a certain amount of above-mentioned mistake is sieved is weighed, block is pressed into using pressure forming machine, then puts
Enter to aoxidize in zirconium crucible, carries out melting using medium frequency induction melting furnace, prepare alloy pig.
(4) alloy pig rolling is the paillon of~100 μ m thicks using milling train, then is cut into a certain size paillon, be used in combination
Fine sandpaper polishing removal oxide on surface is to get the copper-based filler metal paillon that can be used for carbide quartz welding.
In step (1), Cu, Ni, Al powder quality degree are as follows: the Ni of the Cu of 65-85%, 12.5-30%,
The Al of 2.5-10%；The purity of Cu, Ni and Al powder is all larger than 99.7wt%.
In step (1), the ball milling, ball-milling medium is alcohol, and abrading-ball is agate ball, ratio of grinding media to material 8:1, ball milling turn
Speed is 100r/min, Ball-milling Time 12-48h.
In step (2), drying, which refers to, is placed in vacuum drying oven 80 DEG C of drying, and sieving, which refers to, to be sieved with 100 mesh sieve.
In step (3), the melting, induced current 200-250A, each smelting time is 100-120s, protects gas
Atmosphere is argon gas, and through 3 rapid remelting condensations until alloy pig ingredient is uniform.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention, which adopts the following technical scheme that, is achieved, and one kind being used for hard alloy
Copper base solder and soldering processes, soldering processes are made of following steps:
(1) hard alloy after oil removing polished with steel curved beam welding surface, polished, then placed it in dehydrated alcohol and surpass
Sound cleaning.
(2) hard alloy cleaned up, copper-based filler metal paillon and steel curved beam are sequentially placed into graphite jig, and
The steel part that can apply certain pressure is placed on steel curved beam.
(3) by the graphite jig assembled be placed in vacuum drying oven under vacuum or argon gas protection under be brazed, with centainly plus
Thermal velocity is heated to certain temperature, after held for some time, is cooled to 300 DEG C with certain cooling velocity, then furnace cooling
Blow-on samples when to room temperature.
In step (2), the application certain pressure refers to the pressure for applying 3-10kPa.
In step (3), vacuum degree≤1 × 10 of the vacuum-2Pa, heating rate are 5-10 DEG C/min, and brazing temperature is
1160-1230 DEG C, soaking time 3-10min, cooling velocity is 3-5 DEG C/min.
The application mainly passes through design, preparation is suitable for the copper-based filler metal of hard alloy, and utilizes vacuum or argon gas
Protect brazing hard alloy.By adding Ni into coper-base solder alloy, the corrosion resistance of solder can be improved, by rationally controlling
The content of Al in brazing filler metal alloy processed can control the fusing point of solder well.Copper-based filler metal has hard alloy good simultaneously
Good wetting and interface behavior, ensure that it to the good soldering of hard alloy.To keep brazing filler metal alloy ingredient uniform, generally want
It asks and wants argon gas to protect when preparing acid bronze alloy and melting is repeated several times；To guarantee to obtain good soldered fitting, in brazing process,
To-be-welded pieces need to apply certain pressure, if pressure it is excessive or it is too small will lead to strength of welded joint reduction, weld simultaneously
Atmosphere is connect to need to protect for vacuum or argon gas.
Compared to the prior art, the invention has the following advantages that (1) is since acid bronze alloy is designed using no patina, cost
It is low and excellent with hard alloy substrate wetting and interface behavior, simultaneously because being added to the alloys such as Ni and Al member in acid bronze alloy
Element, the solder have many advantages, such as that corrosion-resistant, fusing point is controllable.(2) compared with the welding procedures such as diffusion welding (DW), fusion welding, brazing temperature
It is low, soaking time is short, additonal pressure is low, low for equipment requirements and welding efficiency is high, the welding suitable for hard alloy.(3) with
The acid bronze alloy is solder, and Welding shearing strength of joint is higher, corrosion-resistant, and connector is applicable to the complicated work such as shield machine
Condition.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is for a kind of metallograph of copper base solder (Cu-19.5Ni-2.5Al) for hard alloy and using the pricker
Expect the soldered fitting section to hard alloy and/45 steel；(a) 1220 DEG C of Cu-19.5Ni-2.5Al metallograph (b) when hard close
Gold and 45 steel welded joint sections.
Fig. 2 is for a kind of metallograph of copper base solder (Cu-19Ni-5Al) for hard alloy and using the solder pair
The soldered fitting section of hard alloy and/45 steel；(a) 1210 DEG C of Cu-19Ni-5Al metallograph (b) when hard alloy and 45 steel
Welding point section.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further elaborated combined with specific embodiments below.
A kind of preparation step of copper base solder for hard alloy of the present invention includes:
(1) commercially available Cu, Ni, Al powder of certain mass proportion, certain purity is mixed, is placed on tumbling ball mill
Metal mixed powder is made in ball milling.
(2) taking-up of above-mentioned metal mixed powder is placed in crucible, is placed in vacuum drying oven and is dried at 80 DEG C, subsequent mistake
100 meshes.
(3) the metal mixed powder that a certain amount of above-mentioned mistake is sieved is weighed, block is pressed into using pressure forming machine, then puts
Enter to aoxidize in zirconium crucible, carries out melting using medium frequency induction melting furnace, prepare alloy pig.
(4) alloy pig rolling is the paillon of~100 μ m thicks using milling train, then is cut into a certain size paillon, be used in combination
Fine sandpaper polishing removal oxide on surface is to get the copper-based filler metal paillon that can be used for carbide quartz welding.
Cu, Ni, Al powder quality degree of the present invention is as follows: the Ni of the Cu of 65-85%, 12.5-30%,
The Al of 2.5-10%；The purity of Cu, Ni and Al powder is all larger than 99.7%.
Ball milling of the present invention, ball-milling medium are alcohol, and abrading-ball is agate ball, ratio of grinding media to material 8:1, and rotational speed of ball-mill is
100r/min, Ball-milling Time 12-48h.
Melting of the present invention, induced current 200-250A, each smelting time are 100-120s, and protective atmosphere is
Argon gas, and through 3 rapid remeltings and condensation.
A kind of the step of soldering processes for hard alloy of the present invention includes:
(1) hard alloy after oil removing polished with steel curved beam welding surface, polished, then placed it in dehydrated alcohol and surpass
Sound cleans 10 minutes.
(2) hard alloy cleaned up, above-mentioned copper-based filler metal paillon and steel are sequentially placed into graphite jig, and
The steel part that can apply certain pressure is placed on steel curved beam.
(3) graphite jig assembled is placed in vacuum drying oven (vacuum degree≤1 × 10-2Pa) or argon gas is protected and carries out pricker in lower
Weldering, is heated to certain temperature with certain heating speed, after held for some time, is cooled to 300 DEG C with certain cooling velocity, so
After when cooling to room temperature with the furnace blow-on sample.
Application certain pressure of the present invention is 3-10kPa, and heating rate is 5-10 DEG C/min, and brazing temperature is
1160-1230 DEG C, soaking time 3-10min, cooling velocity is 3-5 DEG C/min.
Case study on implementation 1
(1) Cu, Ni, Al powder that commercially available purity is about 99.7% are mixed with the mass percent of 78:19.5:2.5,
It is subsequently placed on tumbling ball mill, using agate ball as abrading-ball, alcohol is ball-milling medium, ratio of grinding media to material 8:1, and rotational speed of ball-mill is
Metal mixed powder is made in 100r/min, ball milling for 24 hours；The taking-up of above-mentioned metal mixed powder is placed in crucible, vacuum is placed in
It dries at 80 DEG C in baking oven, then sieves with 100 mesh sieve.
(2) the metal mixed powder that the above-mentioned mistake of 30g is sieved is weighed, block is pressed into using pressure forming machine, is then placed in
It aoxidizes in zirconium crucible, is placed in medium frequency induction melting furnace, adjusting electric current is 250A, time 100s, repeats 3 meltings
Afterwards, alloy pig is prepared；Alloy pig rolling is the paillon of~100 μ m thicks using milling train, then is cut into the paillon of 10 × 10mm, and
Removal oxide on surface is polished with fine sandpaper to get the copper-based filler metal paillon that can be used for carbide quartz welding.It should for analysis
Solder metallographic structure takes part solder, after polishing, polish and corroding, places it in metallography microscope under the microscope (Fig. 1 a).
(3) hard alloy after oil removing polished with steel curved beam welding surface, polished, then placed it in dehydrated alcohol and surpass
Sound cleans 10 minutes；The hard alloy cleaned up, above-mentioned copper-based filler metal paillon and steel are sequentially placed into graphite jig,
And the steel part for applying 10kPa pressure is placed on steel curved beam；The graphite jig assembled is placed in vacuum drying oven, is protected in argon gas
Under be brazed, 1000 DEG C are heated with 10 DEG C/min, then be heated to 1220 DEG C with 5 DEG C/min, after keeping the temperature 10min, with 5 DEG C/min
Cooling velocity to 1000 DEG C, then with the cooling velocity of 3 DEG C/min to 300 DEG C, blow-on is sampled when then cooling to room temperature with the furnace.
For analysis soldered fitting Interface Microstructure and pattern, soldered fitting is cut along perpendicular to the wire cutting of weld interface direction, polishes throwing
After light, (Fig. 1 b) is observed under scanning electron microscope.
Embodiment 2
(1) Cu, Ni, Al powder that commercially available purity is about 99.7% are mixed with the mass percent of 76:19:5, then
It is placed on tumbling ball mill, using agate ball as abrading-ball, alcohol is ball-milling medium, ratio of grinding media to material 8:1, rotational speed of ball-mill 100r/
Metal mixed powder is made in min, ball milling for 24 hours；The taking-up of above-mentioned metal mixed powder is placed in crucible, is placed in vacuum drying oven
It dries at 80 DEG C, then sieves with 100 mesh sieve.
(2) the metal mixed powder that the above-mentioned mistake of 30g is sieved is weighed, block is pressed into using pressure forming machine, is then placed in
It aoxidizes in zirconium crucible, is placed in medium frequency induction melting furnace, adjusting electric current is 250A, time 110s, repeats 3 meltings
Afterwards, alloy pig is prepared；Alloy pig rolling is the paillon of~100 μ m thicks using milling train, then is cut into the paillon of 10 × 10mm, and
Removal oxide on surface is polished with fine sandpaper to get the copper-based filler metal paillon that can be used for carbide quartz welding.It should for analysis
Solder metallographic structure takes part solder, after polishing, polish and corroding, places it in metallography microscope under the microscope (Fig. 2 a).
(3) hard alloy after oil removing polished with steel curved beam welding surface, polished, then will be placed in dehydrated alcohol to it
Ultrasonic cleaning 10 minutes；The hard alloy cleaned up, above-mentioned copper-based filler metal paillon and steel are sequentially placed into graphite jig
In, and the steel part for applying 10kPa pressure is placed on steel curved beam；The graphite jig assembled is placed in vacuum drying oven and carries out pricker
Weldering, vacuum degree≤1 × 10-2Pa heats 1000 DEG C with 10 DEG C/min, then is heated to 1210 DEG C with 5 DEG C/min, after keeping the temperature 10min,
With the cooling velocity of 5 DEG C/min to 1000 DEG C, then with the cooling velocity of 3 DEG C/min to 300 DEG C, when then cooling to room temperature with the furnace
Blow-on sampling.For analysis soldered fitting Interface Microstructure and pattern, soldered fitting edge is cut perpendicular to the wire cutting of weld interface direction
It opens, after polishing polishing, observes (Fig. 2 b) under scanning electron microscope.
Embodiment 3
(1) Cu, Ni, Al powder that commercially available purity is about 99.7% are mixed with the mass percent of 74:16:10, so
It is placed on tumbling ball mill, using agate ball as abrading-ball, alcohol is ball-milling medium, ratio of grinding media to material 8:1, rotational speed of ball-mill 100r/
Metal mixed powder is made in min, ball milling 48h；The taking-up of above-mentioned metal mixed powder is placed in crucible, is placed in vacuum drying oven
It dries at 80 DEG C, then sieves with 100 mesh sieve.
(2) the metal mixed powder that the above-mentioned mistake of 30g is sieved is weighed, block is pressed into using pressure forming machine, is then placed in
It aoxidizes in zirconium crucible, is placed in medium frequency induction melting furnace, adjusting electric current is 250A, time 120s, repeats 3 meltings
Afterwards, alloy pig is prepared；Alloy pig rolling is the paillon of~100 μ m thicks using milling train, then is cut into the paillon of 10 × 10mm, and
Removal oxide on surface is polished with fine sandpaper to get the copper-based filler metal paillon that can be used for carbide quartz welding.
(3) hard alloy after oil removing polished with steel curved beam welding surface, polished, then placed it in dehydrated alcohol and surpass
Sound cleans 10 minutes；The hard alloy cleaned up, above-mentioned copper-based filler metal paillon and steel are sequentially placed into graphite jig,
And the steel part for applying 5kPa pressure is placed on steel curved beam；The graphite jig assembled is placed in vacuum drying oven and is brazed, very
Reciprocal of duty cycle≤1 × 10-2Pa heats 1000 DEG C with 10 DEG C/min, then is heated to 1160 DEG C with 5 DEG C/min, after keeping the temperature 5min, with 5 DEG C/
The cooling velocity of min is to 1000 DEG C, then with the cooling velocity of 3 DEG C/min to 300 DEG C, and blow-on takes when then cooling to room temperature with the furnace
Sample.
Embodiment 4
(1) Cu, Ni, Al powder that commercially available purity is about 99.7% are mixed with the mass percent of 82.5:12.5:5,
It is subsequently placed on tumbling ball mill, using agate ball as abrading-ball, alcohol is ball-milling medium, ratio of grinding media to material 8:1, and rotational speed of ball-mill is
Metal mixed powder is made in 100r/min, ball milling 12h；The taking-up of above-mentioned metal mixed powder is placed in crucible, vacuum is placed in
It dries at 80 DEG C in baking oven, then sieves with 100 mesh sieve.
(2) the metal mixed powder that the above-mentioned mistake of 30g is sieved is weighed, block is pressed into using pressure forming machine, is then placed in
It aoxidizes in zirconium crucible, is placed in medium frequency induction melting furnace, adjusting electric current is 200A, time 120s, repeats 3 meltings
Afterwards, alloy pig is prepared；Alloy pig rolling is the paillon of~100 μ m thicks using milling train, then is cut into the paillon of 10 × 10mm, and
Removal oxide on surface is polished with fine sandpaper to get the copper-based filler metal paillon that can be used for carbide quartz welding.
(3) hard alloy after oil removing polished with steel curved beam welding surface, polished, then placed it in dehydrated alcohol and surpass
Sound cleans 10 minutes；The hard alloy cleaned up, above-mentioned copper-based filler metal paillon and steel are sequentially placed into graphite jig,
And the steel part for applying 3kPa pressure is placed on steel curved beam；The graphite jig assembled is placed in vacuum drying oven and is brazed, very
Reciprocal of duty cycle≤1 × 10-2Pa heats 1000 DEG C with 10 DEG C/min, then is heated to 1210 DEG C with 5 DEG C/min, after keeping the temperature 10min, with 5
DEG C/cooling velocity of min opens when then cooling to room temperature with the furnace to 1000 DEG C, then with the cooling velocity of 3 DEG C/min to 300 DEG C
Furnace sampling.
Embodiment 5
(1) Cu, Ni, Al powder that commercially available purity is about 99.7% are mixed with the mass percent of 85:12.5:2.5,
It is subsequently placed on tumbling ball mill, using agate ball as abrading-ball, alcohol is ball-milling medium, ratio of grinding media to material 8:1, and rotational speed of ball-mill is
Metal mixed powder is made in 100r/min, ball milling for 24 hours；The taking-up of above-mentioned metal mixed powder is placed in crucible, vacuum is placed in
It dries at 80 DEG C in baking oven, then sieves with 100 mesh sieve.
(2) the metal mixed powder that the above-mentioned mistake of 30g is sieved is weighed, block is pressed into using pressure forming machine, is then placed in
It aoxidizes in zirconium crucible, is placed in medium frequency induction melting furnace, adjusting electric current is 200A, time 110s, repeats 3 meltings
Afterwards, alloy pig is prepared；Alloy pig rolling is the paillon of~100 μ m thicks using milling train, then is cut into the paillon of 10 × 10mm, and
Removal oxide on surface is polished with fine sandpaper to get the copper-based filler metal paillon that can be used for carbide quartz welding.
(3) hard alloy after oil removing polished with steel curved beam welding surface, polished, then placed it in dehydrated alcohol and surpass
Sound cleans 10 minutes；The hard alloy cleaned up, above-mentioned copper-based filler metal paillon and steel are sequentially placed into graphite jig,
And the steel part for applying 10kPa pressure is placed on steel curved beam；The graphite jig assembled is placed in vacuum drying oven and is brazed, very
Reciprocal of duty cycle≤1 × 10-2Pa heats 1000 DEG C with 10 DEG C/min, then is heated to 1230 DEG C with 5 DEG C/min, after keeping the temperature 3min, with 5 DEG C/
The cooling velocity of min is to 1000 DEG C, then with the cooling velocity of 3 DEG C/min to 300 DEG C, and blow-on takes when then cooling to room temperature with the furnace
Sample.The copper base solder of hard alloy in above-described embodiment and soldering processes are summarized in table 1.
1 hard alloy/steel soldering processes of table and joint performance
The above is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention in any way, it is all according to the present invention
Technical spirit any simple modification to the above embodiments, change, fall within the scope of protection of the technical scheme of the present invention
It is interior.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of copper base solder for hard alloy, which is characterized in that prepare with the following method:
(1) Cu, Ni, Al powder that commercially available purity is 99.7% are mixed with the mass percent of 76:19:5, is subsequently placed in rolling
On cylinder ball mill, using agate ball as abrading-ball, alcohol is ball-milling medium, ratio of grinding media to material 8:1, rotational speed of ball-mill 100r/min, ball milling
Metal mixed powder is made for 24 hours；The taking-up of above-mentioned metal mixed powder is placed in crucible, is placed in vacuum drying oven and is dried at 80 DEG C
It is dry, then sieve with 100 mesh sieve；
(2) the metal mixed powder that the above-mentioned mistake of 30g is sieved is weighed, block is pressed into using pressure forming machine, is then placed in oxidation
In zirconium crucible, it is placed in medium frequency induction melting furnace, adjusting electric current is 250A, time 110s, after repeating 3 meltings, system
Standby alloy pig；Alloy pig rolling is the paillon of~100 μ m thicks using milling train, then is cut into the paillon of 10 × 10mm, and with carefully
Sand paper polishing removal oxide on surface is to get the copper-based filler metal paillon that can be used for carbide quartz welding；
(3) hard alloy after oil removing polished with steel curved beam welding surface, polished, then will be placed in it in dehydrated alcohol ultrasonic
Cleaning 10 minutes；The hard alloy cleaned up, above-mentioned copper-based filler metal paillon and steel are sequentially placed into graphite jig, and
The steel part for applying 10kPa pressure is placed on steel curved beam；The graphite jig assembled is placed in vacuum drying oven and is brazed, vacuum
Degree≤1 × 10-2Pa heats 1000 DEG C with 10 DEG C/min, then is heated to 1210 DEG C with 5 DEG C/min, after keeping the temperature 10min, with 5 DEG C/
The cooling velocity of min is to 1000 DEG C, then with the cooling velocity of 3 DEG C/min to 300 DEG C, and blow-on takes when then cooling to room temperature with the furnace
Sample；
Or it prepares with the following method:
(1) Cu, Ni, Al powder that commercially available purity is 99.7% are mixed with the mass percent of 85:12.5:2.5, is then set
In on tumbling ball mill, using agate ball as abrading-ball, alcohol is ball-milling medium, ratio of grinding media to material 8:1, rotational speed of ball-mill 100r/min,
Metal mixed powder is made in ball milling for 24 hours；The taking-up of above-mentioned metal mixed powder is placed in crucible, is placed in vacuum drying oven 80 DEG C
Lower drying, then sieves with 100 mesh sieve；
(2) the metal mixed powder that the above-mentioned mistake of 30g is sieved is weighed, block is pressed into using pressure forming machine, is then placed in oxidation
In zirconium crucible, it is placed in medium frequency induction melting furnace, adjusting electric current is 200A, time 110s, after repeating 3 meltings, system
Standby alloy pig；Alloy pig rolling is the paillon of~100 μ m thicks using milling train, then is cut into the paillon of 10 × 10mm, and with carefully
Sand paper polishing removal oxide on surface is to get the copper-based filler metal paillon that can be used for carbide quartz welding；
(3) hard alloy after oil removing polished with steel curved beam welding surface, polished, it is clear then to place it in ultrasound in dehydrated alcohol
It washes 10 minutes；The hard alloy cleaned up, above-mentioned copper-based filler metal paillon and steel are sequentially placed into graphite jig, and
The steel part for applying 10kPa pressure is placed on steel curved beam；The graphite jig assembled is placed in vacuum drying oven and is brazed, vacuum degree
≤1×10-2Pa heats 1000 DEG C with 10 DEG C/min, then is heated to 1230 DEG C with 5 DEG C/min, after keeping the temperature 3min, with 5 DEG C/min
Cooling velocity to 1000 DEG C, then with the cooling velocity of 3 DEG C/min to 300 DEG C, blow-on is sampled when then cooling to room temperature with the furnace.
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| CN106498197B (en) * | 2016-10-18 | 2018-03-06 | 广西大学 | A kind of preparation method of Sn Cu Al series lead-free solders |
| CN107553002A (en) * | 2017-09-04 | 2018-01-09 | 湖北汽车工业学院 | A kind of soldering masterbatch and its soldering processes |
| CN109623066B (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2021-05-07 | 中铁工程装备集团有限公司 | Atmosphere protection brazing shield cutter process |
| CN110293331B (en) * | 2019-06-24 | 2021-08-17 | 中国航发动力股份有限公司 | Flaky composite brazing filler metal, preparation method and application thereof, and method for welding blade by using flaky composite brazing filler metal |
| CN110303271B (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2021-08-13 | 新余学院 | Titanium-nickel brazing filler metal for brazing TiB + TiC hybrid reinforced titanium-based composite material and nickel-based alloy and preparation and brazing methods |
| CN113579389A (en) * | 2021-06-21 | 2021-11-02 | 徐州徐工施维英机械有限公司 | Vacuum brazing method for dissimilar metals of concrete machinery |
| CN115213507B (en) * | 2022-06-29 | 2024-04-16 | 潜江市江汉钻具有限公司 | Vacuum brazing method for cobalt-based diamond composite buttons |
| CN115057632A (en) * | 2022-07-27 | 2022-09-16 | 苏州大学 | Laser sealing method for lithium aluminosilicate glass and stainless steel |
| CN115502501A (en) * | 2022-10-25 | 2022-12-23 | 苏州科技大学 | Method for vacuum brazing of diamond abrasive particles by copper-based brazing filler metal |
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| CN101327551B (en) * | 2008-06-05 | 2010-06-30 | 华中科技大学 | Brazing material and preparation method thereof as well as brazing method using the material |
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