CN105874020B - 用于书写、画图和/或绘图设备的笔芯及其生产方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种用于书写、画图和/或绘图设备，尤其是用于铅笔或彩色铅笔的聚合物结合的笔芯，该笔芯包含至少一种粘接剂、至少一种蜡、至少一种着色剂和至少一种填料。本发明的特征在于该笔芯包含聚乳酸作为粘接剂。
Description
本发明涉及用于书写、画图和/或绘图设备/工具的基于聚合物粘接剂的笔芯，及其生产方法。
用于书写、画图和/或绘图的基于源自原油的聚合物的聚合物笔芯基本上是已知的。
术语“用于书写、画图和/或绘图的彩色或石墨基聚合物粘接的笔芯”，应当理解为，一方面指的是已牢固地固定于能够容易地被削尖的木材或其他材料中的笔芯，而另一方面指的是可替换地安装在刚性护套中的笔芯。与此有关的实施例为木制铅笔和用于自动铅笔的笔芯，例如那些已知的可伸缩铅笔或掉落式铅笔。这种情况下，笔芯通常具有约0.3mm至6mm范围的外径。
因此，由WO 2010/006742A1已知例如聚合物粘接的彩色和石墨笔芯。此类型的笔芯包含聚合物粘接剂、蜡、棕榈油和填料。
此类型笔芯的缺点是大部分聚合物笔芯由原油产品形成并且因此直接依赖于原油的价格和可用性。此外，由源自原油的聚合物生产的笔芯消耗从自然获得的不可再生资源这一事实被认为是缺点。因此，生态保护性地由基于可再生原材料的聚合物制造铅笔是不可能的。
此外，US 2988784A公开了聚合物粘接的彩色和石墨笔芯。此类型的笔芯包含基于纤维素酯，特别是纤维素醋酸酯的聚合物粘接剂、蜡和填料。此类型笔芯的缺点为，尽管笔芯由天然原料制成并因而是完全可降解的，但是它们主要由木材--天然形成的原材料制成。由于对木材的高度需求，高质量木材的获取变得越来越困难并且越来越昂贵。此外，天然木材可获得性的降低意味着利用纤维素酯生产铅笔是非常可取的。
因此，本发明的目的是提供一种用于书写、画图和/或绘图的笔芯，该笔芯不具有上述缺点，并且特别是能够不依赖于原油而生产，而是单纯由可再生和可降解的粘接剂/聚合物生产，而不损害笔芯的可削尖性、着色性、强度、覆盖性和可擦除性。
该目的通过用聚乳酸代替原油基聚合物而实现。因此，提供一种聚合物粘接的笔芯用于书写、画图和/或绘图工具，尤其是用于铅笔或彩色铅笔，该聚合物粘接的笔芯包含至少一种粘接剂、至少一种蜡、至少一种着色剂和至少一种填料，其中该笔芯包含作为粘接剂的聚乳酸。
聚乳酸(poylactic acid)或PLA是聚丙交酯(polylactide)的同义词。经常使用的缩略语PLA源自英语术语“聚乳酸(poylactic acid)”。
出人意料地，已经表明，用聚乳酸代替依赖原油的聚合物，笔芯的性质，例如可削尖性、着色力、强度、覆盖力和可擦除性，并不受损害，而其生产不依赖原油。在此方式下，笔芯的生产成本不再取决于原油的价格和可用性。此外，按这种方法生产的笔芯降解更迅速，并且其生产节约了天然生成、不可再生资源的消耗。
笔芯组合物中聚乳酸的比例在10-60重量％的范围内，优选在10重量％至40重量％的范围内，并且尤其优选在10-25重量％范围内。
由以下组成的聚合物粘接的笔芯是有利的：
有利地，该至少一种蜡为下列组中的至少一种蜡：脂肪酸、硬脂酸盐、褐煤蜡、酰胺蜡和石蜡。也可使用两种或多种蜡的混合物。
特别优选地，该至少一种蜡为硬脂酸钙和/或乙撑双硬脂酰胺(EBS)。
当使用乙撑双硬脂酰胺(EBS)时，彩色笔芯可获得非常优异的结果。在铅笔笔芯中使用硬脂酸钙产生了非常优异的结果。
有利地，该至少一种填料为下列组中的至少一种填料：石墨、六方氮化硼、页硅酸盐、白垩、重晶石、彩色颜料和/或非彩色颜料。
优选地，对于铅笔笔芯，将石墨或与炭黑混合的石墨作为着色填料使用。对于彩色铅笔笔芯，白色或非彩色填料例如六方氮化硼、页硅酸盐等，与彩色颜料例如偶氮颜料、酞菁类、二噁嗪类、喹吖啶酮类、铁氧化物、炭黑、石墨、群青类、铁-氰络合物的组合被证明是有利的。
用于铅笔笔芯的优选的组合物包含如下：
优选地，铅笔笔芯由以下组成：
一个铅笔笔芯填充物的实施例配方包含如下：
另一个铅笔笔心填充物的实施例可包含如下组分：
实施例中所列的石墨可作为铅笔笔芯的着色剂。然而类似地，还可使用石墨和炭黑的组合。
彩色铅笔笔芯的组分包含如下：
优选地，彩色铅笔笔芯包含如下：
一个彩色铅笔笔芯的实施例配方包含如下：
彩色和/或非彩色颜料可作为着色剂在彩色铅笔笔芯中使用。此类型颜料的实例为偶氮颜料、酞菁类、二噁嗪类、喹吖啶酮类、铁氧化物、炭黑、石墨、群青类和铁-氰络合物。
已经表明，挤出方法是生产根据本发明的聚合物粘接的笔芯的有利方法。
特别地，根据本发明的笔芯按下述步骤生产：
-混合并粒化笔芯配方的所有组分，以便形成笔芯颗粒
-在挤出机中通过合适的模具在120℃至200℃的温度范围下挤出笔芯颗粒，以便形成连续的笔芯棒
-冷却并固化该连续的笔芯棒，并且
-切断连续的笔芯棒至最终长度，特别是至铅笔笔芯需要的长度。
取决于挤出头，笔芯的横截面可具有任意形状-圆形、方形或其组合。此外，在一个挤出头中可以进行多种笔芯配方的多重共挤出，以便粘接多组分的笔芯。
此外，可以使用适合的共挤出方法以便挤出具有其他聚合物粘接材料的笔芯颗粒，从而形成完整的铅笔笔芯。
Claims (15)
1.一种用于书写、画图和/或绘图工具的聚合物粘接的笔芯，所述笔芯包含至少一种粘接剂、至少一种蜡、至少一种填料、以及任选存在的至少一种着色剂，其特征在于所述笔芯包含聚乳酸作为粘接剂。
2.如权利要求1中所述的笔芯，其特征在于所述书写、画图和/或绘图工具是铅笔。
3.如权利要求1中所述的笔芯，其特征在于所述书写、画图和/或绘图工具是彩色铅笔。
4.如权利要求1中所述的笔芯，其特征在于所述至少一种粘接剂由10重量％-60重量％的聚乳酸形成。
5.如权利要求1中所述的笔芯，其特征在于所述至少一种粘接剂由10重量％-40重量％的聚乳酸形成。
6.如权利要求1中所述的笔芯，其特征在于所述至少一种粘接剂由10重量％-25重量％的聚乳酸形成。
7.如权利要求1-4中任一项所述的笔芯，其特征在于所述笔芯由以下组分组成：
8.如权利要求1-6中任一项所述的笔芯，其特征在于所述至少一种蜡为选自下列组中的至少一种蜡：脂肪酸、硬脂酸盐、褐煤蜡、酰胺蜡和石蜡。
9.如权利要求1-6中任一项所述的笔芯，其特征在于所述蜡为乙撑双硬脂酰胺和/或硬脂酸钙。
10.如权利要求1-6中任一项所述的笔芯，其特征在于所述至少一种填料为选自下列组中的至少一种填料：石墨、六方氮化硼、页硅酸盐、白垩和重晶石。
11.如权利要求1所述的笔芯，其特征在于所述笔芯为铅笔的笔芯并且由以下组成：
12.如权利要求1所述的笔芯，其特征在于所述笔芯为铅笔的笔芯并且由以下组成：
13.如权利要求1-4中任一项所述的笔芯，其特征在于所述笔芯为彩色铅笔的笔芯并且由以下组成：
14.如权利要求13中所述的笔芯，其特征在于所述笔芯为彩色铅笔的笔芯并且由以下组成：
15.一种用于生产如权利要求1至14中任一项所述的笔芯的方法，其特征在于所述笔芯通过挤出生产。
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| DE102013016355.2 | 2013-10-01 | ||
| PCT/EP2014/002461 WO2015049026A1 (de) | 2013-10-01 | 2014-09-11 | Mine für schreib-, zeichen und/oder malgeräte sowie verfahren zu deren herstellung |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| NL80121C (zh) | 1948-06-28 | 1900-01-01 | ||
| JP3203084B2 (ja) * | 1993-02-23 | 2001-08-27 | 株式会社トンボ鉛筆 | 色鉛筆ぼかし液 |
| GB9320162D0 (en) * | 1993-09-30 | 1993-11-17 | Gillette Co | Correction and marking materials |
| BR9505646A (pt) * | 1994-02-07 | 1996-01-16 | Khashoggi E Ind | Revestimento de assentamento hidraulico e metodos |
| JPH083504A (ja) * | 1994-06-22 | 1996-01-09 | Mitsubishi Pencil Co Ltd | 非焼成鉛筆芯の製造方法 |
| JPH0873797A (ja) * | 1994-09-01 | 1996-03-19 | Mitsubishi Pencil Co Ltd | 鉛筆芯 |
| US5916950A (en) | 1996-07-26 | 1999-06-29 | Mitsui Chemicals, Inc. | Resin composition and molded articles thereof |
| DE19643356C1 (de) * | 1996-10-21 | 1998-04-16 | Faber Castell A W | Verfahren zum Herstellen von Farbminen |
| JP3785793B2 (ja) * | 1997-03-31 | 2006-06-14 | ぺんてる株式会社 | 色鉛筆芯の製造方法 |
| RU2135538C1 (ru) * | 1997-10-29 | 1999-08-27 | Курсков Святослав Николаевич | Состав карандаша для нанесения красочных покрытий |
| DE19855325C2 (de) * | 1997-12-02 | 2002-11-21 | Faber Castell A W | Ummantelung für Farb-, Blei- und Kosmetikminen |
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| EP1146098A1 (en) * | 2000-04-14 | 2001-10-17 | Sicpa Holding S.A. | Solid marking composition as writing means, a writing instrument, an optically variable marking layer and use of a plurality of optically variable pigments |
| US6875261B2 (en) * | 2000-06-23 | 2005-04-05 | Sakura Color Products Corporation | Unburned color pencil lead |
| JP4891490B2 (ja) * | 2001-05-30 | 2012-03-07 | 東洋紡績株式会社 | インキ組成物 |
| DE60334183D1 (de) * | 2002-09-18 | 2010-10-28 | Toray Industries | Faserplatte und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung |
| TW200416725A (en) * | 2003-01-30 | 2004-09-01 | Toppan Printing Co Ltd | Optical disc and method for producing the same |
| EP1714648A4 (en) * | 2004-02-09 | 2010-05-26 | Aska Pharm Co Ltd | COMBINATION DRUGS |
| DE102006010119B3 (de) * | 2006-02-27 | 2007-08-02 | J. S. Staedtler Gmbh & Co. Kg | Farbmine für Schreib-, Zeichen- oder Malgeräte |
| PL2211602T3 (pl) * | 2007-11-08 | 2021-12-06 | University Of Maine System Board Of Trustees | Wyrób kompozytowy o małej masie o kontrolowanej biodegradacji |
| DE102008034015B4 (de) | 2008-07-15 | 2011-08-25 | J. S. Staedtler GmbH & Co. KG, 90427 | Schreib-, Zeichen-, Mal- oder Kosmetikstift |
| DE102008034014B4 (de) * | 2008-07-15 | 2011-06-16 | J. S. Staedtler Gmbh & Co. Kg | Mine für Schreib-, Zeichen- und/oder Malgeräte |
| WO2011009535A1 (de) * | 2009-07-18 | 2011-01-27 | J.S. Staedtler Gmbh & Co. Kg | Mine für schreib-, zeichen- und/oder malgeräte |
| EP2251187A1 (en) * | 2009-05-15 | 2010-11-17 | Lantor B.V. | Flexible protective sheet and its use |
| FR2988643B1 (fr) * | 2012-03-28 | 2014-03-07 | Maped | Crayon expanse et son procede de fabrication |
-
2013
- 2013-10-01 DE DE102013016355.2A patent/DE102013016355B4/de active Active
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2014
- 2014-09-11 EP EP14776997.0A patent/EP3052574B1/de active Active
- 2014-09-11 JP JP2016519752A patent/JP6157728B2/ja active Active
- 2014-09-11 RU RU2016116772A patent/RU2654974C2/ru active
- 2014-09-11 AU AU2014331388A patent/AU2014331388B2/en active Active
- 2014-09-11 CN CN201480054123.1A patent/CN105874020B/zh active Active
- 2014-09-11 BR BR112016007110A patent/BR112016007110A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2014-09-11 CA CA2924113A patent/CA2924113C/en active Active
- 2014-09-11 KR KR1020167011331A patent/KR101878691B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2014-09-11 WO PCT/EP2014/002461 patent/WO2015049026A1/de active Application Filing
- 2014-09-11 ES ES14776997.0T patent/ES2639801T3/es active Active
- 2014-09-11 US US15/025,632 patent/US11434388B2/en active Active
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP3052574B1 (de) | 2017-06-14 |
| MX2016004145A (es) | 2016-06-06 |
| ES2639801T3 (es) | 2017-10-30 |
| AU2014331388A1 (en) | 2016-04-28 |
| CA2924113C (en) | 2018-04-03 |
| KR20160065158A (ko) | 2016-06-08 |
| WO2015049026A1 (de) | 2015-04-09 |
| CA2924113A1 (en) | 2015-04-09 |
| RU2016116772A (ru) | 2017-11-10 |
| US11434388B2 (en) | 2022-09-06 |
| EP3052574A1 (de) | 2016-08-10 |
| MY179879A (en) | 2020-11-18 |
| JP2016537448A (ja) | 2016-12-01 |
| RU2654974C2 (ru) | 2018-05-23 |
| DE102013016355A1 (de) | 2015-04-16 |
| KR101878691B1 (ko) | 2018-07-16 |
| BR112016007110A2 (pt) | 2017-08-01 |
| DE102013016355B4 (de) | 2017-06-22 |
| JP6157728B2 (ja) | 2017-07-05 |
| US20160237295A1 (en) | 2016-08-18 |
| CN105874020A (zh) | 2016-08-17 |
| AU2014331388B2 (en) | 2017-02-02 |
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