CN105853844A - 放射科甲状腺癌患者服用的中药制剂及制法 - Google Patents
放射科甲状腺癌患者服用的中药制剂及制法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了放射科甲状腺癌患者服用的中药制剂,由下列原料药制备而成,均为重量份:玄参19‑25,金钱草8‑13,白薇12‑17;铧头草15‑20,血竭3‑7,穿鱼藤20‑27,五色梅花10‑16,覆盆子7‑13,剑麻12‑16,猫爪草1‑7,路路通8‑16,竹叶参4‑9,金刚刺5‑12,梓白皮12‑18。本发明的优良效果还表现在:本发明药物对于因情志内伤、肝郁气结所致甲状腺癌具有疏肝行气解郁的功效,同时能够增强机体免疫功能,具有显著的抑癌、抗癌功效。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及中医中药领域,特别是涉及一种甲状腺癌患者服用的中药制剂及制法。
背景技术
甲状腺癌是头颈部较常见的恶性肿瘤,占全身恶性肿瘤的l-2%,以女性多见,可见于任何年龄段。目前,甲状腺癌的发病率呈逐年显著上升的趋势。甲状腺癌分为乳头状腺癌、滤泡状癌、未分化癌、髓样癌等多种类型。早期临床表现不明显,多无自觉症状,颈部肿块往往为非对称性硬块。肿块易较早产生压迫症状,如伴有声音嘶哑,呼吸不畅,吞咽困难,或局部压痛等压迫症状,颈静脉受压时,可出现患侧静脉怒张与面部水肿等体征。
甲状腺癌常见的治疗方法有,手术、放化疗、以及中医治疗,目前中医治疗甲状腺癌被越来越多的患者所认可,中医认为癌是正气不足、气滞、痰凝、血瘀日久而引起的,中医认为治疗癌症要以“软坚散结”为原则,辩证施治,可延长生命、减轻痛苦、防止复发转移,最终实现“长期带瘤生存”。对于晚期癌症患者或不能手术和放化疗的患者也可以单独采用中医治疗,可以做到,控制病情减轻,减轻患者的痛苦,提高生活质量,增强免疫功能,延长生命周期,肿块即使不能消失,也可以实现带瘤长期生存的目的,甚至是带瘤工作。
申请公布号CN 105412540 A(申请号
201510985323.5)的中国发明专利文献公开了一种治疗甲状腺癌的中药组合物,由以下重量份的中药组合物原料制成:人工牛黄46-63份,九里香40-59份,二母宁35-58份,三棵针30-49份,干漆29-37份,土荆皮23-38份,大叶紫珠16-23份,大头陈11-23份,大青盐14-26份,茯苓8-16份,山茱萸9-14份,丹参5-12份。申请公布号CN105327205A(申请号201510872293.7)的中国发明专利文献公开了一种治疗甲状腺癌的中药制剂,包括以下重量份的原料:茯苓10-15份、党参15-20份、桑寄生8-12份、香菇10-15份、红豆8-12份、桑白皮8-12份、杜仲10-15份、木通10-15份、降香8-12份、白术10-15份、八月札10-15份、制南星10-15份、木瓜8-12份、仙鹤草10-15份、薏苡仁8-12份、地榆8-12份、白前10-15份、半边莲10-15份、铁树叶8-12份、百花蛇舌草15-20份、青黛10-15份、肉桂8-12份、山豆根15-20份、远志10-15份、泽泻8-12份、金银花15-20份、三七8-12份、桃仁8-12份、蜈蚣8-12份、络石藤10-15份。申请公布号CN 105456670 A(申请号 201510985277.9)的中国发明专利文献公开了一种治疗甲状腺癌的中药,由以下重量份的中药原料制成:人工牛黄35-46份,九里香23-36份,二母宁22-28份,三棵针18-26份,干漆16-28份,土木香13-18份,大头陈12-17份,大青盐9-15份,香茶菜3-8份,肿节风3-6份,青皮5-12份,柴胡6-12份。
总之,中医药在治疗本病方面取得了较好的疗效,但还存在一些问题:比如不能有效抑制肿瘤生长、转移和扩散,对改善临床症状的疗效有待提高。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足,本发明的目的是提供一种制备简单、服用方便、安全有效的甲状腺癌患者服用的中药制剂,并提供了该中药制剂的制备方法。本发明制剂疗效确切,效果显著。
本发明的技术方案是:
甲状腺癌患者服用的中药制剂,由下列原料药制备而成,均为重量份:玄参19-25,金钱草8-13,白薇12-17;铧头草15-20,血竭3-7,穿鱼藤20-27,五色梅花10-16,覆盆子7-13,剑麻12-16,猫爪草1-7,路路通8-16,竹叶参4-9,金刚刺5-12,梓白皮12-18。
优选的方案中,玄参21-23,金钱草9.5-11.5,白薇13-16;铧头草16-19,血竭4-6,穿鱼藤22-25,五色梅花12-14,覆盆子9-11,剑麻13-15,猫爪草3-5,路路通10-14,竹叶参5.5-7.5,金刚刺7-10,梓白皮14-16。
更加优选的,玄参22,金钱草10.5,白薇14.5;铧头草17.5,血竭5,穿鱼藤23.5,五色梅花13,覆盆子10,剑麻14,猫爪草4,路路通12,竹叶参6.5,金刚刺8.5,梓白皮15。
甲状腺癌患者服用的中药制剂汤剂的制备方法,步骤如下:
(1)将金刚刺、竹叶参、猫爪草和穿鱼藤混合,加入1.0-1.4倍量的白酒(优选加入1.1-1.3倍量的白酒),拌匀,闷30-50分钟(优选闷35-45分钟),然后文火加热炒至酒尽,备用;
(2)将玄参加米醋拌匀,置蒸笼内,大火蒸至0.6-1.2小时(优选大火蒸至0.8-1.0小时),取出,备用;
(3)路路通加0.2-0.4倍量的黄酒拌匀(优选路路通加0.25-0.35倍量的黄酒拌匀),闷10-20分钟(优选闷13-17分钟),然后投入热砂中,继续文火加热烫至表面鼓起,取出,与血竭一同碾碎成细粉,过筛,得混合细粉,备用;
(4)将白薇、铧头草、五色梅花、覆盆子、金钱草、剑麻和梓白皮置于药锅内,加10-14倍量的清水(优选加11-13倍量的清水),室温下浸泡2-5小时(优选室温下浸泡3-4小时),然后加入步骤(1)和(2)处理后的原料,文火煎煮两次,每次各煎36-56分钟(优选每次各煎42-50分钟),合并两次煎液,过滤,滤液减压浓缩至原体积的1/3,备用;
(5)将步骤(3)所得混合细粉加入到步骤(4)所得滤液中,混匀,灭菌封装,即得。
上述甲状腺癌患者服用的中药制剂汤剂的制备方法,优选的方案是,步骤(3)过70-110目筛(优选的过80-100目筛,更加优选的过90目筛)。
所述颗粒剂的制备方法是:
(1)路路通加0.2倍量的黄酒拌匀,闷10分钟,然后投入热砂中,继续文火加热烫至表面鼓起,取出,与血竭一同碾碎成细粉,备用;
(2)将剑麻、竹叶参、穿鱼藤、白薇、铧头草和梓白皮混合,捣碎成粗粉,加4.5-7.5倍量的浓度为55%的乙醇(优选加5.5-6.5倍量的浓度为55%的乙醇),密封浸提2-6天(优选密封浸提3-5天),收集浸提液,过滤,滤液回收乙醇,减压浓缩成稠膏,喷雾干燥得干膏,研细,得干膏粉,备用;
(3)将玄参加米醋拌匀,置蒸笼内,大火蒸至0.6-1.2小时(优选大火蒸至0.8-1.0小时),取出,与金钱草、五色梅花、覆盆子、猫爪草和金刚刺一同置于药锅内,加清水没过药面3-5cm,文火加热煎煮40-60分钟(优选文火加热煎煮45-55分钟),过滤,滤液减压浓缩成稠膏,备用;
(4)将步骤(1)所得细粉和步骤(2)所得干膏粉混合,过120-160目筛(优选过130-150目筛),然后加入到步骤(3)所得稠膏中,边搅拌边加入其它辅料,混匀,按照颗粒剂的加工方法制成颗粒剂型,无菌封装,即得。
上述甲状腺癌患者服用的中药制剂颗粒剂的制备方法,优选的方案是,步骤(4)所述辅料为质量分数为6.6%的蔗糖细粉和质量分数为4.2%的糊精细粉。
所述丸剂的制备方法是:
(1)白薇置于炒药锅内,文火加热炒至金黄火色,淋入0.06-0.12倍量的蜂蜜(优选淋入0.08-0.10倍量的蜂蜜),微炒至不粘手为度,取出,备用;
(2)猫爪草、穿鱼藤、竹叶参和梓白皮混合,用黄酒喷匀,焖润2-6小时(优选焖润3-5小时),取出,备用;
(3)路路通加0.4倍量的黄酒拌匀,闷20分钟,然后投入热砂中,继续文火加热烫至表面鼓起,取出,备用;
(4)将玄参、金钱草、铧头草、血竭、五色梅花、剑麻、覆盆子和金刚刺充分干燥,与步骤(1)-(3)处理后的原料一同粉碎,过100-140目筛(优选过110-130目筛),炼蜜为丸,灭菌封装,即得。
上述甲状腺癌患者服用的中药制剂丸剂的制备方法,优选的方案是,步骤(2)黄酒的量为所述原料药量的0.33-0.45倍(优选的黄酒的量为所述原料药量的0.37-0.41倍,更加优选的黄酒的量为所述原料药量的0.39倍)。
所述片剂的制备方法是:
(1)白薇置于炒药锅内,文火加热炒至金黄火色,淋入0.06-0.12倍量的蜂蜜(优选淋入0.08-0.10倍量的蜂蜜),微炒至不粘手为度,取出,备用;
(2)路路通加0.3倍量的黄酒拌匀,闷15分钟,然后投入热砂中,继续文火加热烫至表面鼓起,取出,与血竭一同碾碎成细粉,备用;
(3)将剩余原料药置于中药烘干器中,于62-80℃恒温干燥3小时(优选于68-74℃恒温干燥3小时),取出,备用;
(4)将步骤(1)-(3)处理后的原料药一同粉碎成细粉,加入质量分数为3.7%的硬脂酸和质量分数为4.1%的滑石粉,混匀,置于压片机中压成片剂,即得。
本发明甲状腺癌患者服用的中药制剂组方科学,制备方法简单,效果显著。除此之外,本发明的优良效果还表现在:
1 、本发明运用中医理论分析处方组成,根据各药味所含成分的理化性质与药理作用的研究结果,研究得到了合理、稳定的活性成分的制备方法;
2 、本发明药物对于因情志内伤、肝郁气结所致甲状腺癌具有疏肝行气解郁的功效,同时能够增强机体免疫功能,具有显著的抑癌、抗癌功效;
3 、本发明药物是在传统的中医辨证治疗的基础上结合现代最新科研成果研制而成的,诸药合用,具有疗效显著、安全方便、价格低廉的特点。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例和实验例详细说明本发明的技术方案,但保护范围不限于此。
实施例 1 甲状腺癌患者服用的中药制剂,由下列原料药制备而成,均为重量份(600g/份):玄参19份,金钱草8份,白薇12;铧头草15份,血竭3份,穿鱼藤20份,五色梅花10份,覆盆子7份,剑麻12份,猫爪草1份,路路通8份,竹叶参4份,金刚刺5份,梓白皮12份。
甲状腺癌患者服用的中药制剂汤剂的制备方法是:
(1)将金刚刺、竹叶参、猫爪草和穿鱼藤混合,加入1.0-1.4倍量的白酒(优选加入1.1-1.3倍量的白酒),拌匀,闷30-50分钟(优选闷35-45分钟),然后文火加热炒至酒尽,备用;
(2)将玄参加米醋拌匀,置蒸笼内,大火蒸至0.6-1.2小时(优选大火蒸至0.8-1.0小时),取出,备用;
(3)路路通加0.2-0.4倍量的黄酒拌匀(优选路路通加0.25-0.35倍量的黄酒拌匀),闷10-20分钟(优选闷13-17分钟),然后投入热砂中,继续文火加热烫至表面鼓起,取出,与血竭一同碾碎成细粉,过70目筛,得混合细粉,备用;
(4)将白薇、铧头草、五色梅花、覆盆子、金钱草、剑麻和梓白皮置于药锅内,加10-14倍量的清水(优选加11-13倍量的清水),室温下浸泡2-5小时(优选室温下浸泡3-4小时),然后加入步骤(1)和(2)处理后的原料,文火煎煮两次,每次各煎36-56分钟(优选每次各煎42-50分钟),合并两次煎液,过滤,滤液减压浓缩至原体积的1/3,备用;
(5)将步骤(3)所得混合细粉加入到步骤(4)所得滤液中,混匀,灭菌封装,即得。
本发明所得汤剂的服用方法是:每天两次,每次120-150mL,温热服用,三周一个疗程。
典型病例:刘XX,女,36岁,德州人。患者于2014年6月17日来我院检查治疗。患者自述:五个月前偶然发现右侧颈部有肿物突起,无疼痛、恶心、短时期消瘦、盗汗等症状,遂到当地医院检查诊断为右侧结节性甲状腺肿;尔后在朋友的介绍下来我院检查治疗。检查:患者右颈部可扪及鹅蛋大小肿块,边缘光整,质地坚硬,有压痛,肤色正常,能伴随吞咽上下移动,颈静脉不怒张,颈淋巴结未扪及,舌头颜色暗,舌苔白腻,脉滑数。
服用本实施例所得甲状腺癌患者服用的中药制剂汤剂,服用方法:每天两次,每次120-150mL,温热服用,三周一个疗程。治疗两个疗程后,患者症状逐步好转,颈部表面甲状腺肿块突起已不明显;又继续治疗两个疗程后,患者颈部无触及肿块,其它部位无出血性囊性变,患者身体无任何不适。
实施例 2 甲状腺癌患者服用的中药制剂,由下列原料药制备而成,均为重量份(200g/份):玄参25份,金钱草13份,白薇17;铧头草20份,血竭7份,穿鱼藤27份,五色梅花16份,覆盆子13份,剑麻16份,猫爪草7份,路路通16份,竹叶参9份,金刚刺12份,梓白皮18份。
甲状腺癌患者服用的中药制剂颗粒剂的制备方法是:
(1)路路通加0.2倍量的黄酒拌匀,闷10分钟,然后投入热砂中,继续文火加热烫至表面鼓起,取出,与血竭一同碾碎成细粉,备用;
(2)将剑麻、竹叶参、穿鱼藤、白薇、铧头草和梓白皮混合,捣碎成粗粉,加6倍量的浓度为55%的乙醇,密封浸提4天,收集浸提液,过滤,滤液回收乙醇,减压浓缩成稠膏,喷雾干燥得干膏,研细,得干膏粉,备用;
(3)将玄参加米醋拌匀,置蒸笼内,大火蒸至0.9小时,取出,与金钱草、五色梅花、覆盆子、猫爪草和金刚刺一同置于药锅内,加清水没过药面3-5cm,文火加热煎煮50分钟,过滤,滤液减压浓缩成稠膏,备用;
(4)将步骤(1)所得细粉和步骤(2)所得干膏粉混合,过140目筛,然后加入到步骤(3)所得稠膏中,边搅拌边加入其它辅料,所述辅料为质量分数为6.6%的蔗糖细粉和质量分数为4.2%的糊精细粉,混匀,按照颗粒剂的加工方法制成颗粒剂型,无菌封装,即得。
本发明所得颗粒剂的服用方法是:每天三次,每次20-25g,温水冲服,三周一个疗程。
实施例 3 甲状腺癌患者服用的中药制剂,由下列原料药制备而成,均为重量份(500g/份):玄参21份,金钱草9.5份,白薇13;铧头草16份,血竭4份,穿鱼藤22份,五色梅花12份,覆盆子9份,剑麻13份,猫爪草3份,路路通10份,竹叶参5.5份,金刚刺7份,梓白皮14份。
甲状腺癌患者服用的中药制剂丸剂的制备方法是:
(1)白薇置于炒药锅内,文火加热炒至金黄火色,淋入0.09倍量的蜂蜜,微炒至不粘手为度,取出,备用;
(2)猫爪草、穿鱼藤、竹叶参和梓白皮混合,用0.39倍所述原料药量的黄酒喷匀,焖润4小时,取出,备用;
(3)路路通加0.4倍量的黄酒拌匀,闷20分钟,然后投入热砂中,继续文火加热烫至表面鼓起,取出,备用;
(4)将玄参、金钱草、铧头草、血竭、五色梅花、剑麻、覆盆子和金刚刺充分干燥,与步骤(1)-(3)处理后的原料一同粉碎,过120目筛,炼蜜为丸,灭菌封装,即得。
本发明所得丸剂的服用方法是:每天三次,每次15-20g,温水送服,三周一个疗程。
实施例 4 甲状腺癌患者服用的中药制剂,由下列原料药制备而成,均为重量份(300g/份):玄参23份,金钱草11.5份,白薇16;铧头草19份,血竭6份,穿鱼藤25份,五色梅花14份,覆盆子11份,剑麻15份,猫爪草5份,路路通14份,竹叶参7.5份,金刚刺10份,梓白皮16份。
甲状腺癌患者服用的中药制剂片剂的制备方法是:
(1)白薇置于炒药锅内,文火加热炒至金黄火色,淋入0.09倍量的蜂蜜,微炒至不粘手为度,取出,备用;
(2)路路通加0.3倍量的黄酒拌匀,闷15分钟,然后投入热砂中,继续文火加热烫至表面鼓起,取出,与血竭一同碾碎成细粉,备用;
(3)将剩余原料药置于中药烘干器中,于70℃恒温干燥3小时,取出,备用;
(4)将步骤(1)-(3)处理后的原料药一同粉碎成细粉,加入质量分数为3.7%的硬脂酸和质量分数为4.1%的滑石粉,混匀,置于压片机中压成片剂,即得。
本发明所得片剂的服用方法是:每天三次,每次4-6片,温水送服,三周一个疗程。
实施例 5 甲状腺癌患者服用的中药制剂,由下列原料药制备而成,均为重量份(400g/份):玄参22份,金钱草10.5份,白薇14.5;铧头草17.5份,血竭5份,穿鱼藤23.5份,五色梅花13份,覆盆子10份,剑麻14份,猫爪草4份,路路通12份,竹叶参6.5份,金刚刺8.5份,梓白皮15份。
甲状腺癌患者服用的中药制剂汤剂的制备方法是:
(1)将金刚刺、竹叶参、猫爪草和穿鱼藤混合,加入1.2倍量的白酒,拌匀,闷40分钟,然后文火加热炒至酒尽,备用;
(2)将玄参加米醋拌匀,置蒸笼内,大火蒸至0.9小时,取出,备用;
(3)路路通加0.3倍量的黄酒拌匀,闷15分钟,然后投入热砂中,继续文火加热烫至表面鼓起,取出,与血竭一同碾碎成细粉,过90目筛,得混合细粉,备用;
(4)将白薇、铧头草、五色梅花、覆盆子、金钱草、剑麻和梓白皮置于药锅内,加12倍量的清水,室温下浸泡3.5小时,然后加入步骤(1)和(2)处理后的原料,文火煎煮两次,每次各煎46分钟,合并两次煎液,过滤,滤液减压浓缩至原体积的1/3,备用;
(5)将步骤(3)所得混合细粉加入到步骤(4)所得滤液中,混匀,灭菌封装,即得。
本发明所得汤剂的服用方法是:每天两次,每次120-150mL,温热服用,三周一个疗程。
典型病例:张XX,男,42岁,滨州人。患者于2014年9月17日来我院就诊。患者三个月前因身体不适到当地医院检查诊断为甲状腺肿类癌,后转至我院复查。检查:患者颈前肿块凹凸不平、坚硬固定、脸色无华、头晕心悸、短气乏力、纳呆食少、形体消瘦;舌质暗淡、苔白、脉细无力。经病理组织切除后发现,囊肿内为油脂性黄色物质,另一囊腔为实性,见腐肉样组织;确诊为甲状腺癌。
服用本实施例所得甲状腺癌患者服用的中药制剂汤剂,服用方法:每天两次,每次120-150mL,温热服用,三周一个疗程。服用两个疗程后,患者颈前肿块减小,其他症状亦大大缓解。继续用药两个疗程,患者颈前肿块基本消失,其它不适症状基本消除。
本发明所用原料的药理如下:
玄参:基源:本品为玄参科植物玄参的干燥根。性状:本品呈类回柱形,中间略粗或上粗下细,有的微弯曲。表面灰黄色或灰褐色,有不规则的纵沟、横长皮孔样突起及稀疏的横裂纹和须根痕。性味:甘、苦、咸,微寒。归经:归肺、胃、肾经。功效:凉血滋阴,泻火解毒。主治:用于热病伤阴,舌绛烦渴,温毒发斑,津伤便秘,骨蒸劳嗽,目赤,咽痛,瘰病,白喉,痈肿疮毒。
金钱草:基源:为唇形科植物活血丹的全草或带根全草。药理作用:用金钱草煎剂20克(生药)/公斤给大鼠灌胃,有显着的利尿作用,连续应用则利尿作用逐渐降低。在麻醉家兔的急性试验中,以10克(生药)/公斤灌胃,也有明显的利尿作用。性味:苦辛,凉。归经:肝;胆;肾;膀胱经。功能主治:清热,利尿,镇咳,消肿,解毒。治黄疸,水肿,膀胱结石,疟疾,肺痈,咳嗽,吐血,淋浊,带下,风湿痹痛,小儿疳积,惊痫,痈肿,疮癣,湿疹。
白薇:基源:本品为萝藦摩科植物白薇或蔓生白薇的干燥根及根茎。化学成份:直立白薇根含白薇素、挥发油、强心甙。性味:苦、咸,寒。归经:归胃、肝、肾经。功效:清热凉血,利尿通淋,解毒疗疮。主治:用于温邪伤营发热,阴虚发热,骨蒸劳热、产后血虚发热,热淋。血淋,痈疽肿毒。
铧头草:基源:为堇菜科植物白花地丁、长萼堇菜或尼泊尔堇菜的全草或带根全草。性味:辛微苦,寒。功能主治:清热解毒,散瘀消肿。治肠痈,疔疮,红肿疮毒,黄疸,淋浊,目亦生翳。
血竭:基源:为棕榈科植物麒麟竭的果实及树干中的树脂。化学成份:是一种树脂酯及血竭树脂鞣醇的混合物,约含57~82%;另含无定形的血竭白素约2。5%,黄色血竭树脂烃约14%,不溶性树脂0。3%,植物性渣滓18。4%,赭朴吩0。03%,灰分8。3%。药理作用:抗真菌作用。血竭水浸剂(1:2)在试管内对堇色毛癣菌、石膏样毛癣菌、许兰氏黄癣菌等多种致病真菌有不同程度的抑制作用。性味:甘咸,平。归经:入心、肝经。功能主治:散瘀定痛,止血生肌。治跌打折损,内伤瘀痛;外伤出血不止,瘰疬,臁疮溃久不合。
穿鱼藤:为山茱萸科山茱萸属植物小梾木的根或枝叶。药性:涩、微酸、凉。功能主治:清热解表,止血消炎。
五色梅花:基源:为双子叶植物药马鞭草科植物马缨丹的花。化学成份:含挥发油0.07%。其主要成分为葎草烯、α,γ-松油烯、α,β-蒎烯和对-聚伞花素等。另含花色甙类色素。性味:甘淡;凉。归经:肺;肝;肾经。功能主治:清凉解毒;活血止血;润肺止咳;解暑热。主肺痨吐血;伤暑头痛;腹痛吐泻;阴痒;湿疹;跌打损伤。
覆盆子:基源:为蔷薇科植物掌叶覆盆子、插田泡等的未成熟果实。化学成份:掌叶覆盆子含有机酸、糖类及少量维生素C。性味:甘酸,平。归经:《滇南本草》:“入肝、肾二经。”功能主治:补肝肾,缩小便,助阳,固精,明目。治阳痿,遗精,溲数,遗溺,虚劳,目暗。
剑麻:基源:为龙舌兰科植物剑麻的叶。药理作用:神经-肌肉阴滞作用 剑麻提取物[相当于50-250mg(叶)/ml]可先增强鸡腹肌神经-肌肉标本间接诱发的收缩,然后阻滞直接或间接刺激作用引起张力持续但可逆性的变化。其作用类似去极化琥珀酰胆碱,而不同于非去极化的加兰他敏作用。性味:甘;辛;凉。功能主治:凉血止血;消肿解毒。主肺痨咯血;衄血;便血;痢疾;痈疮肿毒;痔疮。
猫爪草:基源:为毛茛种植物小毛茛的块根。性味:甘辛,温。归经:《广西中药志》:“入肝、肺二经。”功能主治:治瘰疬,肺结核,疟疾。
路路通:基源:为金缕梅科植物枫香的果实。药理作用:实验证明,枫香酒精溶剂(60%)外用,能防止钩蚴侵入小鼠皮肤。其防护效力与溶剂浓度成正比。性味:苦,平。归经:《纲目拾遗》:“通行十二经。”功能主治:祛风通络,利水除湿。治肢体痹痛,手足拘挛,胃痛,水肿,胀满,经闭,乳少,痈疽,痔漏,疥癣,湿疹。
竹叶参:基源:为百合科植物万寿竹的根及根茎。药理作用:万寿竹制剂对蛙、兔和狗匀有明显的强心作用,与西地兰、毒毛花苷比较,其减慢心率的作用更为明显。性味:味苦;辛;性凉。功能主治:祛风湿;舒筋活血;清热祛痰止咳。主风湿痹证;关节腰腿疼痛;跌打损伤;骨折;虚劳;骨蒸潮热;肺痨咯血;肺热咳嗽;烫火伤。
金刚刺:基源:为百合科植物短梗菝葜的根茎。性味:《陕西中草药》:“味苦辛,性平。”功能主治:《陕西中草药》:“除风湿,活血,解毒,镇惊息风,抗癌。治风湿腰腿痛,小儿惊风,肠炎,疮疖,瘰疬,癌肿。”
梓白皮:基源:为紫葳科植物梓的根皮或树的韧皮部。化学成份:梓茎皮含羽扇豆醇,三十烷酸(2-对-羟苯基乙基)酯,9-甲氧基-α-拉杷醌,阿魏酸,6-阿魏酰梓醇,梓果甙,6-阿魏酰基蔗糖,梓果甙,6-阿魏酰基蔗糖,α-拉杷醌,9-羟基-α-拉杷酯,对0香豆酸。根皮含异阿魏酸,对-羟基苯甲酸和谷甾醇。药理作用:梓实水溶性提取物及果皮、种子提取物,对小白鼠、家兔均有利尿作用,并使电解质的排出增加。从梓实中提出有利尿作用的甙。在大鼠利尿实验中,脱-对-羟基苯甲酰梓甙的作用强于梓甙,前者主要表现为钠利尿,后者为氯利尿。大白鼠尿酸性者,二种甙的利民作用减弱,尿碱性者利尿作用增强,两种甙对双侧肾上腺切除的大鼠均表现钠利尿。对大鼠碳酸酚酶无抑制作用,对循环系统几无影响,毒性弱,其利尿作用乃由于对肾小管的影响所致。性味:味苦;性寒。归经:归胆;胃经。功能主治:清热利湿;降逆止吐;杀虫止痒。主湿热黄疸;胃逆呕吐;疮疥;湿疹;皮肤瘙痒。
试验例 1 本发明所得一种甲状腺癌患者服用的中药制剂(实施例5)的临床应用:
1 资料和方法
1.1 一般资料
选取2013年7月-2015年12月我院收治的甲状腺患者共376例,其中男性患者共167例,女性患者共209例,年龄在19-69岁,平均年龄为42.5±1.5岁;病程在7周-8年。所有患者经细针穿刺细胞学检查证实为甲状腺癌。
1.2 治疗方法
所有患者随机分为实验组和对照组,两组患者在性别、年龄、病情等方面,经统计学处理差异无显著性意义(P>0.05),具有可比性。实验组服用本发明所得药物,服用方法:每天两次,每次120-150mL,温热服用,三周一个疗程。共观察治疗四个疗程。对照组服用其他药物(如复方斑蝥胶囊、消癌平片、参丹散结胶囊等药物)。
1.3
疗效评判标准
痊愈:CT显示甲状腺部位肿瘤瘤体减小,其它部位未发现新生肿瘤;患者体质增强,咽喉颈部无明显不适感;
显效:CT显示甲状腺部位肿瘤瘤体无增长,其它部位未发现新生肿瘤;患者咽喉颈部不适明显改善;
无效:临床症状及体征无改善,甲状腺部位肿瘤瘤体增大,或其它部位发现新生肿瘤。
有效率=(痊愈例数+显效例数)/总观察病例数×100%。
1.4 治疗结果
表1:实验组和对照组患者的治疗结果
由表1数据可知,实验组痊愈161例(77.4%),显效42例(20.2%),无效5例(2.4%),有效率为97.6%;而对照痊愈83例(49.4%),显效48例(28.6%),无效37例(22%),有效率为78%;由上述数据可以看出,实验组无论是在痊愈率、显效率上均明显优于对照组。
本发明选择玄参、金钱草、白薇、铧头草、血竭、穿鱼藤和五色梅花等共14味原料,经科学配制而成。方中,玄参凉血滋阴,泻火解毒;金钱草清热,消肿,解毒;白薇清热凉血,利尿通淋;铧头草清热解毒,散瘀消肿;穿鱼藤清热解表,止血消炎;剑麻凉血止血,消肿解毒;路路通祛风通络,利水除湿;金刚刺活血解毒,镇惊息风,抗癌。治疗四个疗程后,实验组有效率为97.6%,治疗效果明显优于对照组。
应当指出的是,具体实施方式只是本发明比较有代表性的例子,显然本发明的技术方案不限于上述实施例,还可以有很多变形。本领域的普通技术人员,以本发明所明确公开的或根据文件的书面描述毫无异议的得到的,均应认为是本专利所要保护的范围。
Claims (10)
1.甲状腺癌患者服用的中药制剂,其特征在于,由下列原料药制备而成,均为重量份:玄参19-25,金钱草8-13,白薇12-17;铧头草15-20,血竭3-7,穿鱼藤20-27,五色梅花10-16,覆盆子7-13,剑麻12-16,猫爪草1-7,路路通8-16,竹叶参4-9,金刚刺5-12,梓白皮12-18。
2.如权利要求1所述的甲状腺癌患者服用的中药制剂,其特征在于,由下列原料药制备而成,均为重量份:玄参21-23,金钱草9.5-11.5,白薇13-16;铧头草16-19,血竭4-6,穿鱼藤22-25,五色梅花12-14,覆盆子9-11,剑麻13-15,猫爪草3-5,路路通10-14,竹叶参5.5-7.5,金刚刺7-10,梓白皮14-16。
3.如权利要求1所述的甲状腺癌患者服用的中药制剂,其特征在于,由下列原料药制备而成,均为重量份:玄参22,金钱草10.5,白薇14.5;铧头草17.5,血竭5,穿鱼藤23.5,五色梅花13,覆盆子10,剑麻14,猫爪草4,路路通12,竹叶参6.5,金刚刺8.5,梓白皮15。
4.如权利要求1-3任一所述的甲状腺癌患者服用的中药制剂汤剂的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤如下:
(1)将金刚刺、竹叶参、猫爪草和穿鱼藤混合,加入1.0-1.4倍量的白酒(优选加入1.1-1.3倍量的白酒),拌匀,闷30-50分钟(优选闷35-45分钟),然后文火加热炒至酒尽,备用;
(2)将玄参加米醋拌匀,置蒸笼内,大火蒸至0.6-1.2小时(优选大火蒸至0.8-1.0小时),取出,备用;
(3)路路通加0.2-0.4倍量的黄酒拌匀(优选路路通加0.25-0.35倍量的黄酒拌匀),闷10-20分钟(优选闷13-17分钟),然后投入热砂中,继续文火加热烫至表面鼓起,取出,与血竭一同碾碎成细粉,过筛,得混合细粉,备用;
(4)将白薇、铧头草、五色梅花、覆盆子、金钱草、剑麻和梓白皮置于药锅内,加10-14倍量的清水(优选加11-13倍量的清水),室温下浸泡2-5小时(优选室温下浸泡3-4小时),然后加入步骤(1)和(2)处理后的原料,文火煎煮两次,每次各煎36-56分钟(优选每次各煎42-50分钟),合并两次煎液,过滤,滤液减压浓缩至原体积的1/3,备用;
(5)将步骤(3)所得混合细粉加入到步骤(4)所得滤液中,混匀,灭菌封装,即得。
5.根据权利要求4所述的汤剂的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)过70-110目筛(优选的过80-100目筛,更加优选的过90目筛)。
6.如权利要求1-3任一所述的甲状腺癌患者服用的中药制剂颗粒剂的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤如下:
(1)路路通加0.2倍量的黄酒拌匀,闷10分钟,然后投入热砂中,继续文火加热烫至表面鼓起,取出,与血竭一同碾碎成细粉,备用;
(2)将剑麻、竹叶参、穿鱼藤、白薇、铧头草和梓白皮混合,捣碎成粗粉,加4.5-7.5倍量的浓度为55%的乙醇(优选加5.5-6.5倍量的浓度为55%的乙醇),密封浸提2-6天(优选密封浸提3-5天),收集浸提液,过滤,滤液回收乙醇,减压浓缩成稠膏,喷雾干燥得干膏,研细,得干膏粉,备用;
(3)将玄参加米醋拌匀,置蒸笼内,大火蒸至0.6-1.2小时(优选大火蒸至0.8-1.0小时),取出,与金钱草、五色梅花、覆盆子、猫爪草和金刚刺一同置于药锅内,加清水没过药面3-5cm,文火加热煎煮40-60分钟(优选文火加热煎煮45-55分钟),过滤,滤液减压浓缩成稠膏,备用;
(4)将步骤(1)所得细粉和步骤(2)所得干膏粉混合,过120-160目筛(优选过130-150目筛),然后加入到步骤(3)所得稠膏中,边搅拌边加入其它辅料,混匀,按照颗粒剂的加工方法制成颗粒剂型,无菌封装,即得。
7.根据权利要求6所述的颗粒剂的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(4)所述辅料为质量分数为6.6%的蔗糖细粉和质量分数为4.2%的糊精细粉。
8.如权利要求1-3任一所述的甲状腺癌患者服用的中药制剂丸剂的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤如下:
(1)白薇置于炒药锅内,文火加热炒至金黄火色,淋入0.06-0.12倍量的蜂蜜(优选淋入0.08-0.10倍量的蜂蜜),微炒至不粘手为度,取出,备用;
(2)猫爪草、穿鱼藤、竹叶参和梓白皮混合,用黄酒喷匀,焖润2-6小时(优选焖润3-5小时),取出,备用;
(3)路路通加0.4倍量的黄酒拌匀,闷20分钟,然后投入热砂中,继续文火加热烫至表面鼓起,取出,备用;
(4)将玄参、金钱草、铧头草、血竭、五色梅花、剑麻、覆盆子和金刚刺充分干燥,与步骤(1)-(3)处理后的原料一同粉碎,过100-140目筛(优选过110-130目筛),炼蜜为丸,灭菌封装,即得。
9.根据权利要求8所述的丸剂的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)黄酒的量为所述原料药量的0.33-0.45倍(优选的黄酒的量为所述原料药量的0.37-0.41倍,更加优选的黄酒的量为所述原料药量的0.39倍)。
10.如权利要求1-3任一所述的甲状腺癌患者服用的中药制剂片剂的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤如下:
(1)白薇置于炒药锅内,文火加热炒至金黄火色,淋入0.06-0.12倍量的蜂蜜(优选淋入0.08-0.10倍量的蜂蜜),微炒至不粘手为度,取出,备用;
(2)路路通加0.3倍量的黄酒拌匀,闷15分钟,然后投入热砂中,继续文火加热烫至表面鼓起,取出,与血竭一同碾碎成细粉,备用;
(3)将剩余原料药置于中药烘干器中,于62-80℃恒温干燥3小时(优选于68-74℃恒温干燥3小时),取出,备用;
(4)将步骤(1)-(3)处理后的原料药一同粉碎成细粉,加入质量分数为3.7%的硬脂酸和质量分数为4.1%的滑石粉,混匀,置于压片机中压成片剂,即得。
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