CN105853449A - 一种注射用硫酸阿米卡星的抗菌组合药物 - Google Patents

一种注射用硫酸阿米卡星的抗菌组合药物 Download PDF

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CN105853449A
CN105853449A CN201610298181.XA CN201610298181A CN105853449A CN 105853449 A CN105853449 A CN 105853449A CN 201610298181 A CN201610298181 A CN 201610298181A CN 105853449 A CN105853449 A CN 105853449A
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姜登钊
帅丽华
张丽芳
张亚平
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Jiujiang University
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种注射用硫酸阿米卡星的抗菌组合药物,其含有盐酸小檗碱和硫酸阿米卡星,盐酸小檗碱和硫酸阿米卡星的重量比为1‑12:1。本发明的抗菌组合药物具有显著的协同抗菌作用,能够有效增强硫酸阿米卡星单独使用时对产ESBLs大肠埃希菌或肺炎克雷伯菌的抗菌活性,解决了耐药菌对硫酸阿米卡星产生的耐药性问题,并广泛适用于由大肠埃希菌或肺炎克雷伯菌敏感菌引起的各种感染。

Description

一种注射用硫酸阿米卡星的抗菌组合药物
技术领域
本发明涉及一种有协同增效作用抗耐药菌的中药成分与硫酸阿米卡星联用的药物组合物,尤其涉及治疗产超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)大肠埃希菌或肺炎克雷伯菌引起的阿米卡星耐药型感染性疾病。
背景技术
革兰阴性杆菌是医院病原菌监测中最常见的病原菌,其中又以大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌最为常见,随着新一代β-内酰胺类抗生素在临床得到广泛应用,细菌产超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)菌株也逐年增多,特别是产ESBLs大肠埃希菌及肺炎克雷伯菌,其检出率及耐药率均逐年升高。ESBLs主要通过质粒介导,可使耐药基因在细菌之间扩散,是造成院内感染、院外耐药基因扩散的主要原因之一。抗生素的不合理应用是细菌产生耐药性的根源,因此尽管医学界采取建立细菌抗药性监测体系指导临床合理用药,加强药政管理,开发新的抗菌药物等对抗细菌抗药性等策略,细菌对抗生素的抗药性问题仍然越来越严重,现代研究表明中药含有很多抑菌成分,可作用于细菌的不同部位和繁殖的不同阶段,并对细菌的多个代谢环节产生作用。相对于抗生素类药物,中药不易使病原菌产生抗药性,同时某些中药成分又能产生协同抗菌作用,因此中药与抗生素的联合用药既能够有效逆转细菌的耐药性,同时还有可能降低抗生素的用药量,减低临床用药风险,成为一种有效的临床治疗方案。
发明内容
本发明提供一种注射用硫酸阿米卡星的抗菌组合药物,一种能够治疗产ESBLs大肠埃希菌或肺炎克雷伯菌感染的中药组分与硫酸阿米卡星的联合用药方案。
本发明是这样来实现的,一种注射用硫酸阿米卡星的抗菌组合药物,它含有盐酸小檗碱和硫酸阿米卡星,所述盐酸小檗碱和硫酸阿米卡星的重量比为1-12:1。本发明的优选方案是所含的盐酸小檗碱和硫酸阿米卡星重量比1~6:1。本发明药物的制备工艺按照常规制药操作工艺进行即可。
本发明的抗菌组合药物具有显著的协同抗菌作用,能够有效增强硫酸阿米卡星单独使用时对产ESBLs大肠埃希菌或肺炎克雷伯菌的抗菌活性,解决了耐药菌对硫酸阿米卡星产生的耐药性问题,并广泛适用于由大肠埃希菌或肺炎克雷伯菌敏感菌引起的各种感染。
本发明的抗菌组合药物经体外试验证明,其抗菌活性比单独使用硫酸阿米卡星时作用更强(实验结果见表1)。为了验证本发明的体内抗菌效果,发明人进行了如下实验:
1.联合用药对产ESBLs大肠埃希菌腹腔感染小鼠的保护作用实验
1.1试验材料
1.1.1实验药品
硫酸阿米卡星,盐酸小檗碱:硫酸阿米卡星(1:1,3:1,6:1,12:1)
1.1.2菌株
产ESBLs大肠埃希菌(编号:131180,源自九江学院附属医院检验科,分离自临床病人),参照NCCLS2013推荐的纸片扩散确证法进行检测。用每片含30μg头孢他啶、30μg头孢噻肟和头孢他啶/克拉维酸(30μg/10μg)或头孢噻肟/克拉维酸(30μg/10μg)的复合纸片进行试验,当任何一种复合纸片抑菌圈直径大于或等于其单独药敏纸片抑菌圈直径5mm时可确证该菌株产ESBLs。
1.1.3实验动物
昆明种小鼠,18-22g,雌雄各半,实验前在动物房喂养3-5天。
1.2试验方法
1.2.1小鼠最小致死量(MLD)测定
将实验菌株经MH培养液培养后,用5%高活性干酵母液稀释至感染动物所需终浓度,经腹腔感染小鼠,0.5mL/只,每组10只,测定出实验菌株引起小鼠100%死亡率的MLD。
1.2.2药效实验
60只小鼠,雌雄各半,随机分为6组,每组10只,除空白对照组外,其它组均腹腔感染试验菌液(MLD),腹腔注射硫酸阿米卡星,盐酸小檗碱:硫酸阿米卡星(1:1),盐酸小檗碱:硫酸阿米卡星(3:1),盐酸小檗碱:硫酸阿米卡星(6:1),盐酸小檗碱:硫酸阿米卡星(12:1),生理盐水,给药剂量按照硫酸阿米卡星计算,按照体表面积换算为小鼠给药剂量。每天注射2次,连续3天,观察记录小鼠感染1-3天的存活数,实验结果见表2。
1.3实验结果
从实验结果来看,联合给药组的效果明显强于硫酸阿米卡星单独给药组,且联合给药组小鼠48h后已基本从感染中恢复,生命体征及活动状态与空白对照组基本无差异。
表1盐酸小檗碱+硫酸阿米卡星的体外抗菌活性(μg/mL)
表2各给药组的体内抗产ESBLs大肠埃希菌耐药菌活性试验
2.联合用药对产ESBLs肺炎克雷伯菌腹腔感染小鼠的保护作用实验
2.1试验材料
2.1.1实验药品
硫酸阿米卡星,盐酸小檗碱:硫酸阿米卡星(1:1,3:1,6:1,12:1)
2.1.2菌株
产ESBLs肺炎克雷伯菌(编号:136472,源自九江学院附属医院检验科,分离自临床病人),参照NCCLS2013推荐的纸片扩散确证法进行检测。用每片含30μg头孢他啶、30μg头孢噻肟和头孢他啶/克拉维酸(30μg/10μg)或头孢噻肟/克拉维酸(30μg/10μg)的复合纸片进行试验,当任何一种复合纸片抑菌圈直径大于或等于其单独药敏纸片抑菌圈直径5mm时可确证该菌株产ESBLs。
2.1.3实验动物
昆明种小鼠,18-22g,雌雄各半,实验前在动物房喂养3-5天。
2.2试验方法
2.2.1小鼠最小致死量(MLD)测定
将实验菌株经MH培养液培养后,用5%高活性干酵母液稀释至感染动物所需终浓度,经腹腔感染小鼠,0.5mL/只,每组10只,测定出实验菌株引起小鼠100%死亡率的MLD。
2.2.2药效实验
60只小鼠,雌雄各半,随机分为6组,每组10只,除空白对照组外,其它组均腹腔感染试验菌液(MLD),腹腔注射硫酸阿米卡星,盐酸小檗碱:硫酸阿米卡星(1:1),盐酸小檗碱:硫酸阿米卡星(3:1),盐酸小檗碱:硫酸阿米卡星(6:1),盐酸小檗碱:硫酸阿米卡星(12:1),生理盐水,给药剂量按照硫酸阿米卡星计算,按照体表面积换算为小鼠给药剂量。每天注射2次,连续3天,观察记录小鼠感染1-3天的存活数,实验结果见表3。
2.3实验结果
从实验结果来看,联合给药组的效果明显强于硫酸阿米卡星单独给药组,且联合给药组小鼠24h后已基本从感染中恢复,生命体征及活动状态与空白对照组基本无差异。
表3各给药组的体内抗产ESBLs肺炎克雷伯菌活性试验
具体实施方式
实施例一、在无菌洁净的条件下,将盐酸小檗碱200g与硫酸阿米卡星200g混合,按粉针剂制备工艺进行操作,制得硫酸阿米卡星抗菌组合药物1000支。
实施例二、在无菌洁净的条件下,将盐酸小檗碱600g与硫酸阿米卡星200g混合,按粉针剂制备工艺进行操作,制得硫酸阿米卡星抗菌组合药物1000支。
实施例三、在无菌洁净的条件下,将盐酸小檗碱1200g与硫酸阿米卡星200g混合,按粉针剂制备工艺进行操作,制得硫酸阿米卡星抗菌组合药物1000支。
实施例四:在无菌洁净的条件下,将盐酸小檗碱2400g与硫酸阿米卡星200g混合,按粉针剂制备工艺进行操作,制得硫酸阿米卡星抗菌组合药物1000支。
实施例五、在无菌洁净的条件下,将盐酸小檗碱200g与硫酸阿米卡星200g混合,按注射液制备工艺进行操作,制得硫酸阿米卡星抗菌组合药物1000支。
实施例六、在无菌洁净的条件下,将盐酸小檗碱600g与硫酸阿米卡星200g混合,按注射液制备工艺进行操作,制得硫酸阿米卡星抗菌组合药物1000支。
实施例七、在无菌洁净的条件下,将盐酸小檗碱1200g与硫酸阿米卡星200g混合,按注射液制备工艺进行操作,制得硫酸阿米卡星抗菌组合药物1000支。
实施例八:在无菌洁净的条件下,将盐酸小檗碱2400g与硫酸阿米卡星200g混合,按注射液制备工艺进行操作,制得硫酸阿米卡星抗菌组合药物1000支。

Claims (2)

1.一种注射用硫酸阿米卡星的抗菌组合药物,其含有盐酸小檗碱和硫酸阿米卡星,其特征在于,所述盐酸小檗碱和硫酸阿米卡星的重量比为1-12:1。
2.根据权利要求1所述的注射用硫酸阿米卡星的抗菌组合药物,其特征在于,所述盐酸小檗碱和硫酸阿米卡星的优选重量比为1-6:1。
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