CN105851463A

CN105851463A - Method for preparing animal feed or fertilizer

Info

Publication number: CN105851463A
Application number: CN201510026546.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈留成
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2015-01-20
Filing date: 2015-01-20
Publication date: 2016-08-17

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preparing an animal feed or a fertilizer by taking a mixture of one or more bacteria and fungi, seaweed and protist as strain to ferment various crops waste and the excrement of livestock and poultry.

Description

A kind of method preparing animal feed or fertilizer

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of method preparing animal feed or fertilizer, systems the method preparing animal feed or fertilizer for raw material by fermentation with feces of livestock and poultry, distillers' grains, agricultural crop straw, grass meal and mineral powder.

Background technology

China is large agricultural country, along with plant husbandry and the fast development of aquaculture, increasing to the demand of animal feed and fertilizer, and prepare the resource-constrained of animal feed or fertilizer, it is necessary to open up new feedstuff and fertilizer source, on the other hand, various crops leftovers, feces of livestock and poultry are not effectively utilized, and constitute the polluter to environment in many cases.Thus, prepare the approach of feedstuff with various agricultural waste materials, feces of livestock and poultry etc. for raw material and cause the attention of people.The method that various garbages are changed into feedstuff by fermentation by the most existing many, but the kind of the strain used in these methods is single, it mostly is lactic acid bacteria and yeast and mold fermentation, low to the lignin in material, crude fibre conversion ratio, and fermentation after material normal association noxious bacteria and protozoon, as also needing before feedstuff to add formaldehyde through sterilization processing, such as spray, the nutrition of feedstuff and palatability is made to be adversely affected.Thus demand is more simple, the nutritive value of the feedstuff that raising is prepared with various garbages for raw material and the new method of palatability.

Summary of the invention

It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of method preparing animal feed or fertilizer for raw material with agricultural waste material, feces of livestock and poultry.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide a kind of strain mixture for being prepared feedstuff or fertilizer by fermentation cause agricultural waste material, feces of livestock and poultry.

The present invention prepares the method for animal feed or fertilizer, including to agricultural waste material, feces of livestock and poultry, industrial fermentation discarded grain liquid, mineral powder in the mixture of any one or more ferment, described agricultural waste material includes straw, grouts, bran bran, grass meal, leaves, house refuse, wood flour, peanut hull meal, and the strain used that wherein ferments is made up of any one or more in antibacterial and fungus, algae and protozoa.

Present invention additionally comprises a kind of strain mixture for being prepared animal feed or fertilizer by fermentation, wherein, this mixture is made up of any one or more in antibacterial and fungus, algae and protozoa.

Above-mentioned antibacterial includes one or more in actinomycetes, filamentous bacteria, red sulfur bacteria, colorless sulfur bacteria, sulfur reducing bacteria.Above-mentioned fungus includes yeast and mycete, one or more during wherein yeast includes beer yeast, Candida utilis, rhodotorula glutinis.

Above-mentioned algae includes that green algae and Diatomeae, above-mentioned protozoa include one or more in hottentot kidney shape worm, osculum campanularian, fine stern in caterpillar, lid Eimeria.

In the above-mentioned method preparing animal feed or fertilizer, can anaerobism or aerobic, have light or unglazed, temperature to ferment under conditions of 0 DEG C to 80 DEG C.To the humidity of fermentation materials without being strict with, but it is 20% to 60% to be advisable with humidity.Above-mentioned fermentation temperature is preferably 45 DEG C to 65 DEG C.

In the above-mentioned methods, fermentation time is without being strict with, and fermentation temperature is high, then fermentation time can be shorter, otherwise, if fermentation temperature is low, then fermentation time is longer.General fermentation time was at least 24 hours, it is possible to up to two months.

In the above-mentioned methods, in sweat, in fermentation materials, the addition of strain is without being strict with, and the addition of general strain is 0.1 to the 1wt% of fermentation materials total mixture.

In above-mentioned strain, antibacterial and fungus and algae and protozoa each accounting example are not crucial, because a kind of balance that can progressively reach during the fermentation between antibacterial, fungus, algae and protozoa.In practical operation, various bacterium, algae and protozoa can equal proportion mixing.

A kind of embodiment as the above-mentioned method preparing animal feed or fertilizer, can anaerobism or aerobic, have light or unglazed, temperature to be 0 DEG C to 80 DEG C, humidity is that described mixture comprises by following fermented mixture 24 to 168 hours under conditions of 20% to 60%:

60～the 80wt% feces of livestock and poultry in terms of air dry matter,

The powder of straw of 15～20wt%, grass meal, any one or its mixture of bran apoplexy due to endogenous wind,

The calcium magnesium phosphate of 1～2wt%,

The Semen Maydis flour of 0～3wt%,

The Testa Tritici of 0～15wt%,

Any one in brown sugar, white sugar and the blackstrap of 0～0.5wt% or its mixture,

The strain of 0.1～1wt%,

Wherein said strain is made up of any one or more in antibacterial and fungus, algae and protozoa.

In the strain that the inventive method is used, anaerobe, aerobic bacteria, double oxygen bacterium and photosynthetic bacteria (rhodospirillum material) and algae and protozoa can be contained, in antibacterial, fungus, algae and protozoa, the kind quantity no maximum of bacterium or species limits, but including at least any one in antibacterial and fungus, the kind of antibacterial, fungus, algae and protozoa is the most, and ferment effect is the best.Along with all kinds of bacterium added, increasing of the kind of algae and protozoa, in whole course of fermentation, the humidity of fermentation materials is from high to low, temperature is from low paramount (0 DEG C～80 DEG C), each bacterioid, fungus plays a role by different level, produce substantial amounts of enzyme body, such as amylase, protease, cellulase, ethanol catabolic enzyme, urine enzyme etc., material conversion is made to become the most passive, the composition of plant absorption, and the most also produce substantial amounts of vitamin, antibiotics can kill the noxious bacteria in fermentation materials, and produce various somatomedin, so the material after Fa Jiao is splendid as feedstuff or effect of fertilizer.

Adding actinomycetes in described strain, its metabolite can kill noxious bacteria and protozoon.Additionally adding caterpillar, the protozoa of hottentot kidney shape worm in such as fine stern in strain, these protozoas are during the fermentation with escherichia coli as foodstuff.Thus the animal feed produced in the process of the present invention is without sterilization, without formaldehyde treated, can Direct-fed poultry, fowl and Fish.

Additionally, the material in the various sources including feces of livestock and poultry, agricultural crop straw, grass meal, distillers' grains, peanut hull meal, mineral powder can be fermented by the inventive method and strain, the nitrogen that lignin, the various mineral element of crude fibre, various forms exist, various carbohydrate, various convert fatty acids tropina be can be become, high-quality feed or fertilizer become.

Further, the material abnormal smells from the patient acid after the inventive method and strain fermentation is fragrant, the feces of livestock and poultry of black can be made to become brown, animal edible good palatability.

Material after the inventive method is fermented can bag distribution packaging, room temperature or low temperature (5 DEG C～15 DEG C) preserve, and storage life was up to 12 months.

By the following examples the present invention is further illustrated, it should be appreciated that these embodiments are not meant to limit the scope of the invention.In this manual, unless otherwise indicated, all percentage ratios, ratio, number are by weight.

Embodiment 1

Caterpillar, lid Eimeria in the actinomycetes of equal proportion, filamentous bacteria, rhodospirillum, red sulfur bacteria, colorless sulfur bacteria, sulfur reducing bacteria, beer yeast, Candida utilis, rhodotorula glutinis, green algae, Diatomeae, hottentot kidney shape worm, osculum campanularian, fine stern are pressed known method amplification culture to mixed vaccine number in every gram of strain mixture more than 10,000,000,000 with known culture medium, i.e. This microbial strain culture is used as the strain of material fermentation.

Embodiment 2

Following mixtures of materials is fermented to prepare feedstuff:

Freshly-slaughtered poultry excrement 1600kg, Testa Tritici 150kg,

Semen Maydis flour 50kg, brown sugar 1.5kg,

Grass meal 150kg, calcium magnesium phosphate 3kg,

The strain 2kg of embodiment 1 preparation,

Concrete fermentation process is: is first mixed by the various materials in addition to chicken manure and strain and fully mixes thoroughly, again strain mark is mixed in chicken manure, again chicken manure is mixed with said mixture material, it is piled into bullet, humidity is advisable to pinch agglomerating not dripping, humidity is between 35～50%, at a temperature of 20 DEG C, fermenting 24 hours, temperature of charge rises to 50 DEG C, turn over one time, spreading out into thickness and be about the rectangle continuation fermentation of 15～30cm, after 3-5 days, material abnormal smells from the patient acid is fragrant, color is reddish brown, i.e. dries or dry pack standby.

Embodiment 3

Following mixtures of materials is fermented to prepare feedstuff:

Chicken manure 1000kg, cattle manure 300kg, pig manure 300kg,

Duck excrement 400kg, Testa Tritici 100kg, Semen Maydis flour 30kg,

Wheat straw powder 50kg, peanut hull meal 50kg, rice chaff 50kg,

Bean stalk powder 50kg, brown sugar 2.5kg, calcium magnesium phosphate 3kg,

The strain 2.5kg of embodiment 1 preparation,

Concrete grammar is: by various material mix homogeneously, ferments 168 hours under the conditions of same as in Example 2, wherein turns over stand every 24 hours once.

Embodiment 4

Following mixtures of materials is fermented to prepare fertilizer:

Wood flour 1000kg, dried poultrymanure 260kg,

Testa Tritici 30kg, calcium magnesium phosphate 20kg,

Brown sugar 2kg, the strain 3kg of embodiment 1 preparation,

Concrete grammar is as follows: is first mixed by other material in addition to wood flour, then is mixed homogeneously with wood flour by this mixture, piles chevron, cover Polypropylence Sheet, turn over a heap at 15～25 DEG C of bottom fermentations after 20 days, within the 40th day, turn over a heap again, after fermentation time to February, terminate fermentation.

The inventive method to fermentation place without being strict with, indoor and outdoor, can natural packing fermentation on concrete floor and natural ground, it is easy to management, simple, it is easy to promote in vast rural area.

Claims

1. the method preparing animal feed or fertilizer, including to agricultural waste material, feces of livestock and poultry, industrial fermentation discarded grain liquid, mineral powder in the mixture of any one or more ferment, described agricultural waste material includes straw, grouts, bran bran, grass meal, leaves, house refuse, wood flour, peanut hull meal, it is characterised in that the strain used by fermentation is made up of any one or more in antibacterial and fungus, algae and protozoa.

2. method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said antibacterial includes one or more in actinomycetes, filamentous bacteria, red sulfur bacteria, colorless sulfur bacteria, sulfur reducing bacteria.

3. method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that fermentation time is 24 hours-60 days.

4. the method preparing animal feed or fertilizer, the method is included in anaerobism or aerobic, there is light or unglazed, temperature is 0 DEG C to 80 DEG C, humidity is by following fermented mixture 24 to 168 hours under conditions of 20% to 60%, described mixture comprises: the 60～80wt% feces of livestock and poultry in terms of air dry matter, the powder of straw of 15～20wt%, grass meal, any one or its mixture of bran apoplexy due to endogenous wind, the calcium magnesium phosphate material of 1～2wt%, the Semen Maydis flour of 0～3wt%, the Testa Tritici of 0～15wt%, the brown sugar of 0～0.5wt%, any one in white sugar and blackstrap or its mixture, the strain of 0.1～1wt%, it is characterized in that described strain is made up of any one or more algae in antibacterial and fungus and protozoa.

5. the strain mixture being used for being prepared animal feed or fertilizer by fermentation, it is characterised in that this mixture is made up of any one or more in antibacterial and fungus, algae and protozoa.