CN105845991B - 汽车起停用铅碳卷绕蓄电池 - Google Patents

汽车起停用铅碳卷绕蓄电池 Download PDF

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CN105845991B
CN105845991B CN201610307042.9A CN201610307042A CN105845991B CN 105845991 B CN105845991 B CN 105845991B CN 201610307042 A CN201610307042 A CN 201610307042A CN 105845991 B CN105845991 B CN 105845991B
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朱文乐
杨宝峰
孙中五
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种汽车起停用铅碳卷绕蓄电池,属于铅酸蓄电池技术领域。电池壳体采用圆桶式结构,壳体材质选用改性PP,并加入聚苯醚PPO耐高温材料制作,极群采用卷绕式结构,装配压力为50~60kpa,在电解液中加入1%~2%的K2SO4,负极铅膏中加入专用碳材料(活性炭0.2%~3.5%、导电炭黑0.2%~2.5%、氧化铟0.01%~1%、木素0.1%~3%、腐植酸0.1%~0.3%、硫酸钡0.2%~2%)。本发明提高了电池的充电接受能力,耐高温循环寿命,起停循环寿命大于10万次,解决了现有平板蓄电池耐高温性能差、起停循环寿命短的问题,适用于汽车行业的起停汽车用蓄电池。

Description

汽车起停用铅碳卷绕蓄电池
技术领域
本发明属于铅酸蓄电池技术领域,具体涉及一种汽车起停用铅碳卷绕蓄电池。
背景技术
伴随着经济的高速增长,能源短缺、环境污染等问题已经成为全球各国能否实现可持续发展所面临的重大挑战,节能减排的形势仍十分严峻。汽车工业是我国的基础工业,近年来我国汽车工业迅速发展,产销总量持续增长,2013年汽车销量超过2000万辆,保有量超过1亿辆。因此,加快汽车工业节能减排已经成为我国节能减排工作的重中之重。
2012年6月28日,国务院《节能与新能源汽车产业发展规划(2012—2020年)》则要求“到2015年,当年生产的乘用车平均燃料消耗量降至6.9升/百公里,节能型乘用车燃料消耗量降至5.9升/百公里以下;到2020年,当年生产的乘用车平均燃料消耗量降至5.0升/百公里,节能型乘用车燃料消耗量降至4.5升/百公里以下”。随着国家出台的种种政策表明,降低汽车油耗和尾气排放已经成为国家落实节能减排政策的必然要求,也是各大汽车厂商顺应国家政策要求必须努力改进的方向。
在此情况下,汽车起停技术作为一种成本不高,但节能减排效果明显,非常有潜力成为未来几年内大规模应用的节能技术。研究表明,如果安装了起停系统,节油减排效果可以达到5%~10%。如今除了奔驰、宝马、奥迪、大众和上海通用外,上汽、长安、长城、吉利、一汽、东风、海马、华晨等也开始装备起停系统。
但传统的汽车富液电池已满足不了汽车起停系统的要求,会导致电池寿命短、起停次数少、严重亏电等问题,而且有其他蓄电池厂家开发的一种平板AGM起停蓄电池,由于没有完全解决高温下的循环性能和起停寿命不长等问题,所以使用效果并不理想,因此开发一种新型的起停蓄电池已非常必要。
发明内容
本发明的目的是克服现有技术的不足,提供一种耐高温性能好、充电接受能力强、起停循环寿命长的汽车起停用铅碳卷绕蓄电池。
本发明的技术方案是:汽车起停用铅碳卷绕蓄电池,包括电池壳体、极群、电解液,其改进之处是极群所用负极铅膏中加入由活性炭、导电炭黑、氧化铟、木素、腐植酸和硫酸钡组成的专用碳材料,极群采用卷绕式结构,装配压力为50~60kpa,电池壳体采用圆桶式结构,壳体材质为改性PP,并加入聚苯醚PPO耐高温材料,电解液中加入K2SO4
所述负极铅膏中加入专用碳材料后,各组分在铅膏总量中的重量百分比为:活性炭0.2%~3.5%,导电碳黑0.2%~2.5%,氧化铟0.01%~1%,木素0.1%~3%,腐植酸0.1%~0.3%,硫酸钡0.2%~2%,其余为铅;所述聚苯醚PPO在壳体材料中的重量百分比为5%~15%;所述电解液加入K2SO4的重量百分比为1%~2%。
本发明的有益效果是:电池壳体采用圆桶式结构,壳体材质选用改性PP,并加入聚苯醚PPO耐高温材料制作,提高了壳体的强度和耐高温性能,有利于延长使用寿命。
极群采用卷绕式结构,装配压力为50~60kpa,提高了电池的耐振动性能,并使活性物质与板栅结合更紧密,减小电池内阻,延缓电池容量衰减;在电解液中加入1%~2%的K2SO4,有利于防止电池在高温下产生枝晶短路,造成电池容量下降。
负极铅膏中加入专用炭材料(活性炭0.2%~3.5%、导电炭黑0.2%~2.5%、氧化铟0.01%~1%、木素0.1%~3%、腐植酸0.1%~0.3%、硫酸钡0.2%~2%),大大提高电池的充电接受能力和起停循环寿命,并可以提高吸收汽车制动回收能量性能。
具体实施方式
下面通过实例进一步说明本发明及有益效果。
在负极铅膏中加入专用炭材料,各组分的重量百分比为:活性炭1.5%、导电炭黑0.5%、氧化铟0.02%、木素0. 3%、腐植酸0. 2%、硫酸钡0.8%,其余为铅。正极铅膏配方采用现有卷绕电池配方,极群采用卷绕式结构,装配压力为55kpa左右,在电解液中加入重量百分比1.2%的K2SO4,电池壳体采用圆桶式结构,壳体材质选用改性PP,并加入重量百分比为10%的聚苯醚PPO耐高温材料。其余工艺借用现行铅酸蓄电池工艺技术,制作样品电池12V50Ah电池10只,化成采用内化成工艺,电池下线后,静置72h,从中抽取3只进行充电接受能力测试,2只进行高温寿命循环测试,2只进行起停寿命测试,并与现有其他厂家平板起停电池进行测试对比。检测设备采用张家港金帆电源有限公司生产的蓄电池充放电循环测试仪进行检测。
1、充电接受能力测试
样品中抽取3只电池,分别以5A放电5h,放电结束后立即放入0℃的低温箱至少20h,然后以恒压14.4V恒压充电,记录10min的充电电流,测得充电电流值分别为21A、20A、22A,其他厂家起停电池10min的充电电流一般在15A左右,本发明提高了电池的充电接受能力。
2、高温循环寿命测试
样品中抽取2只电池,进行高温循环寿命测试。循环制式为:在环境温度为60℃下,①电池先以4In放电2.5h,②然后以恒压14.4V限流7In充电40min,再以以7In放电30min,③重复循环第②步85次,④再以恒压14.8V限流2In充电18h,然后进行容量测试,再以恒压14.8V限流5In充电24h。以上所有步骤为1个大循环单元。测得样品电池循环单元分别为22、23个大循环单元,其他厂家起停电池一般为15个大循环单元。本发明对高温循环寿命有明显的提高。注:1n表示20小时率放电电流,单位为安培,1n=C20/20(C20表示电池额定容量)。
3、起停寿命测试
样品中抽取2只电池,进行起停寿命测试。循环制式为:在环境温度为25℃下,电池以45A放电59s,然后300A放电1s(终止电压标准7.2V),再以恒压14.0V充电60s,限流100A,重复3600次,然后静置48h。测得样品电池循环次数分别为11.1万次和11.3万次,其他厂家起停电池一般为3万次至4万次。本发明对起停寿命循环有大大的提升。
从上述试验测试可以说明,采用本发明制作的汽车起停用铅碳卷绕蓄电池可以大大提升电池的充电接受能力、耐高温寿命性能和起停循环性能,完全满足电池在汽车的起停系统中使用。

Claims (1)

1.一种汽车起停用铅碳卷绕蓄电池,包括电池壳体、极群、电解液,其特征是极群所用负极铅膏中加入由活性炭、导电炭黑、氧化铟、木素、腐植酸和硫酸钡组成的专用碳材料,极群采用卷绕式结构,装配压力为50~60kpa,电池壳体采用圆桶式结构,壳体材质为改性PP,并加入聚苯醚PPO耐高温材料,电解液中加入K2SO4;所述负极铅膏中加入专用碳材料后,各组分在铅膏总量中的重量百分比为:活性炭0.2%~3.5%,导电碳黑0.2%~2.5%,氧化铟0.01%~1%,木素0.1%~3%,腐植酸0.1%~0.3%,硫酸钡0.2%~2%,其余为铅;所述聚苯醚PPO在壳体材料中的重量百分比为5%~15%;所述电解液加入K2SO4的重量百分比为1%~2%。
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CN110165220A (zh) * 2019-06-21 2019-08-23 天能电池(芜湖)有限公司 一种抑制铅酸电池负极析氢的添加剂
CN112786884A (zh) * 2021-01-05 2021-05-11 浙江南都电源动力股份有限公司 一种汽车起停用高性能石墨烯蓄电池
CN114256515A (zh) * 2021-11-02 2022-03-29 浙江长兴绿色电池科技有限公司 排气式启停用铅酸蓄电池动态充电接受能力的研究方法

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