CN105830807A

CN105830807A - New solar greenhouse vegetable cultivation mode

Info

Publication number: CN105830807A
Application number: CN201610243118.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张传坤
Original assignee: Vegetable Research Institute of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Current assignee: Vegetable Research Institute of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Priority date: 2016-04-19
Filing date: 2016-04-19
Publication date: 2016-08-10
Anticipated expiration: 2036-04-19
Also published as: CN105830807B

Abstract

The invention discloses a new solar greenhouse vegetable cultivation mode. The mode comprises the following content: 1) a greenhouse walkway which is 0.8-1.0 meters long is arranged at the position at the span of 75%-85% in the north-south direction from the north wall of a solar greenhouse, and the upper part of the greenhouse walkway is hardened with cement cover plates or red bricks; 2) the area at the span of 0-75% in the north-south direction from the north wall of the solar greenhouse is a solar greenhouse north area, and solanaceous vegetables and melon crops which are not resistant to low temperature are planted in the area; the area at the span of 85%-100% in the north-south direction from the north wall of the solar greenhouse is a solar greenhouse south area, and leaf vegetables resistant to low temperature are planted in the area. The mode is a novel cultivation mode, the growth conditions of crops can be improved, the production capacity of the solar greenhouse can be improved, little investment is required, the new solar greenhouse vegetable cultivation mode takes effect quickly and is suitable for vast solar greenhouse production areas in northern areas in China, heat balance in the solar greenhouse can be changed, influences of low temperature in the south of the greenhouse on the crop growth can be reduced, and the yield and income increase purpose is achieved.

Description

A kind of vegetables in day-light greenhouse cultivation new model

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of vegetables in day-light greenhouse cultivation new model, belong to agricultural technology field.

Background technology

Heliogreenhouse, as the Main Patterns of the northern area of China vegetable overwintering cultivation, is ensureing cold season Vegetable supply aspect has played important function.Due to the structure problem of heliogreenhouse self, heliogreenhouse exists Production aspect yet suffers from many problems, and one of them is that the distribution of heliogreenhouse nocturnal temperature is the most uneven, There is the bigger temperature difference in night, affects the most low temperature resistant solanaceous vegetables, melon vegetables relatively in greenhouse North and South direction Greatly, become apparent from cucumber cultivation, easily cause southern side crop injury from low temperature or even the underproduction.

Summary of the invention

The technical problem to be solved is the problem relatively low for heliogreenhouse southern side temperature, it is considered to Adapt to the heat radiation feature of heliogreenhouse, it is provided that a kind of brand-new greenhouse vegetable cropping pattern, reach volume increase and increase The purpose of effect.

For solving this technical problem, the invention provides a kind of vegetables in day-light greenhouse cultivation new model, tool Body includes following content:

1) temperature of 0.8～1.0 meter is set at the 75%～85% of North and South direction upper span from heliogreenhouse north wall Aisle, room, its top uses cement cover board or Rhizoma Begoniae Willsonii to harden；

2) the 0～75% of North and South direction upper span being heliogreenhouse North from heliogreenhouse north wall, plantation is not Low temperature resistant solanaceous vegetables, melon crop；From heliogreenhouse north wall the 85%～100% of North and South direction upper span For heliogreenhouse South, plant low temperature resistant leaf vegetables crop.

Being provided with underground quirk in aisle, described greenhouse, described underground quirk is positioned at the middle part in aisle, greenhouse, away from Overhead 0.2m, uses earthenware duct or is built into by Rhizoma Begoniae Willsonii, quirk through greenhouse, described underground thing, two End connects side wall, and wherein one end is connected with the fireshaft in side wall, and the top of fireshaft is provided with row Gas fan provide negative pressure, the other end through side wall with greenhouse outside stove be connected.

A diameter of 0.2m～0.25m of described earthenware duct, the quirk that Rhizoma Begoniae Willsonii is built into is a size of 0.2m×0.2m×0.2m。

The size of described fireshaft is 0.2m × 0.2m × 0.2m, and fireshaft is away from side wall surface 0.1m.

Beneficial effect: the present invention is as a kind of novel cultivation mode, to heliogreenhouse special construction A kind of adapt to, the growth conditions of crop can be improved, improve the production performance of heliogreenhouse, small investment, Instant effect, it is adaptable to northern China vast greenhouse production area, popularization and application the most aborning. By above three aspect measures, thus it is possible to vary the heat balance in heliogreenhouse, reduce southern side, greenhouse low temperature Impact on plant growth, reaches the purpose of increasing both production and income.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention；

Fig. 2 is heliogreenhouse east-west direction schematic cross-section.

In figure: 1 heliogreenhouse north wall, 2 aisle, greenhouse, 3 heliogreenhouse Norths, 4 heliogreenhouse Souths, 5 underground quirks.

Detailed description of the invention

Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the present invention is specifically described by embodiment.

Fig. 1 show the structural representation of the present invention.

The vegetables in day-light greenhouse cultivation mode that the present invention provides, particular content includes the following:

1) from heliogreenhouse north wall 1,0.8～1.0 meter is arranged at North and South direction upper span 75%～85% Aisle, greenhouse 2, its top uses cement cover board or Rhizoma Begoniae Willsonii to harden, aisle for staff pass in and out greenhouse, Carry out field operation etc.；

2) the 0～75% of North and South direction upper span it is heliogreenhouse North 3 from heliogreenhouse north wall 1, plants Planting Fructus Lycopersici esculenti, Fructus Cucumidis sativi, Fructus Capsici, what Fructus Solani melongenae etc. was the most low temperature resistant makees species, and the temperature at night of one's respective area is higher, is difficult to Crop is caused injury from low temperature；From heliogreenhouse north wall 1,85%～the 100% of North and South direction upper span is Heliogreenhouse South 4, in this heliogreenhouse South 4, nocturnal temperature is relatively low, plants Herba Spinaciae, Herba Apii graveolentis, Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae Etc. low temperature resistant species of making, due to season in severe winter, other protected modes cannot be carried out producing, heliogreenhouse The harvest that the low temperature resistant leaf vegetables of cultivation can obtain equally.

Further:

For improving the temperature levels of heliogreenhouse South 4 further, lay ground in the lower section in aisle, greenhouse 2 Lower quirk 5.

Described underground quirk 5 is positioned at the middle part in aisle, greenhouse 2, and distance ground 0.2m, underground quirk 5 passes through Logical greenhouse thing, two ends connect side wall, and wherein one end is connected with the fireshaft in side wall, fireshaft Top exhaust fan is installed, the other end through side wall with greenhouse outside stove be connected, it is provided that thermal source.

Described underground quirk 5 uses earthenware duct or is built into by Rhizoma Begoniae Willsonii, earthenware described in the quirk of described underground Road a diameter of 0.2m～0.25, the quirk that Rhizoma Begoniae Willsonii is built into a size of 0.2m × 0.2m × 0.2m.

The operation principle of the present invention:

The reason causing the north and south temperature difference has two: one to be in the thermograde that North and South direction is formed, the most southward, Temperature is the lowest, and heliogreenhouse north and south span is big, causes southern side temperature on the low side: gradT=dT/dL (gradT Represent thermograde；L is span)；Two is heliogreenhouse southern side, owing to the radian of coverage rate continues to increase, Causing unit covering length increasing with the ratio that corresponding ground is formed, the hot-fluid in unit are is close Degree is big, and heat dissipation capacity is big, has been further exacerbated by the degree of low temperature.

As shown in Figure 2: heliogreenhouse coverage rate is half throwing type curve, there is AB ＞ BC ＞ CD, daylight Heat flow density corresponding to unit ground, southern side, greenhouse is gradually increased, and southern side, greenhouse heat at night stream is relatively big, makes Become temperature southern side temperature less than north side temperature, easily crop is caused injury from low temperature.

Aisle, greenhouse is moved by the present invention to south, and greenhouse production region is divided into two parts, and North is carried out Solanaceous vegetables, the production of the most low temperature resistant crop such as melon；South carries out the production of the low temperature resistant crop of leaf vegetables； Underground quirk below aisle, greenhouse can be by external heating, right in the case of greenhouse shortage of heat Greenhouse carries out heat supply, increases the amount of stored heat in greenhouse, increases South and the accumulation of heat of aisle near zone, Reduce the impact on plant growth of the southern side low temperature, the ability of greenhouse opposing adverse weather can be improved simultaneously. The aspect ratio of South crop is relatively low, and North crop is not had shading, North plant growth will not be caused shadow Ring.

The present invention, as a kind of novel cultivation mode, is a kind of adaptation to heliogreenhouse special construction, The growth conditions of crop can be improved, improve the production performance of heliogreenhouse, small investment, instant effect, fit For northern China vast greenhouse production area, popularization and application the most aborning.

The embodiment above of the present invention, is merely illustrative, and is not only, all in the scope of the invention Change that is interior or that be equal in the scope of the present invention is all surrounded by the present invention.

Claims

1. vegetables in day-light greenhouse cultivation new model, it is characterised in that specifically include following content:

1) from heliogreenhouse north wall (1), 0.8～1.0 is arranged at North and South direction upper span 75%～85% The aisle, greenhouse (2) of rice, its top uses cement cover board or Rhizoma Begoniae Willsonii to harden；

2) the 0～75% of North and South direction upper span it is heliogreenhouse North (3) from heliogreenhouse north wall (1), Plant the most low temperature resistant solanaceous vegetables, melon crop；From heliogreenhouse north wall (1) in North and South direction across 85%～the 100% of degree is heliogreenhouse South (4), plants low temperature resistant leaf vegetables crop.

Vegetables in day-light greenhouse the most according to claim 1 cultivation new model, it is characterised in that: described greenhouse Being provided with underground quirk (5) in aisle (2), described underground quirk (5) is positioned at aisle, greenhouse (2) Middle part, distance ground 0.2m, use earthenware duct or be built into, described underground quirk (5) by Rhizoma Begoniae Willsonii Through greenhouse thing, two ends connect side wall, and wherein one end is connected with the fireshaft in side wall, hang down The top of straight quirk is provided with exhaust fan, the other end through side wall with greenhouse outside stove be connected.

Vegetables in day-light greenhouse the most according to claim 2 cultivation new model, it is characterised in that: described pottery Pipe diameter is 0.2m～0.25, the quirk that Rhizoma Begoniae Willsonii is built into a size of 0.2m × 0.2m × 0.2m.

4. cultivate new model according to the vegetables in day-light greenhouse described in Claims 2 or 3, it is characterised in that: described The size of fireshaft is 0.2m × 0.2m × 0.2m, and fireshaft is away from side wall surface 0.1m.