CN105829980A - 用于监测工业系统的方法 - Google Patents

用于监测工业系统的方法 Download PDF

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CN105829980A
CN105829980A CN201480058699.5A CN201480058699A CN105829980A CN 105829980 A CN105829980 A CN 105829980A CN 201480058699 A CN201480058699 A CN 201480058699A CN 105829980 A CN105829980 A CN 105829980A
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industrial system
aforementioned
monitoring
described method
analysis
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瓦尔德马尔·布鲁恩迈耶
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Growth Financial AG
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Growth Financial AG
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Priority claimed from DE201310111819 external-priority patent/DE102013111819A1/de
Priority claimed from DE102014100001.3A external-priority patent/DE102014100001A1/de
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Publication of CN105829980A publication Critical patent/CN105829980A/zh
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/18—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
    • G05B19/406—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by monitoring or safety
    • G05B19/4063—Monitoring general control system
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/18—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
    • G05B19/406—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by monitoring or safety
    • G05B19/4061—Avoiding collision or forbidden zones
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/18—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
    • G05B19/406—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by monitoring or safety
    • G05B19/4065—Monitoring tool breakage, life or condition
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/30—Nc systems
    • G05B2219/35—Nc in input of data, input till input file format
    • G05B2219/35529—Monitoring current machining, store information in database as a new working case
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/30—Nc systems
    • G05B2219/37—Measurements
    • G05B2219/37624—Detect collision, blocking by measuring change of velocity or torque
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/30—Nc systems
    • G05B2219/50—Machine tool, machine tool null till machine tool work handling
    • G05B2219/50206—Tool monitoring integrated in nc control
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
    • Y02P90/80—Management or planning

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Mechanical Vibrations Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
  • Numerical Control (AREA)
  • Testing And Monitoring For Control Systems (AREA)

Abstract

在一种用于借助于传感器监测工业系统的方法中，该工业系统尤其是机床、机器人或同类物，这些传感器测定该工业系统的至少一个状态、将其转化成信号并将对应的信号转发给一个分析电子设备，除该工业系统的实际工作过程之外，应调用并完成一个分析程序，该分析程序接收并处理在该分析电子设备中的这些信号。

Description

用于监测工业系统的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于借助于传感器监测工业系统的方法，该工业系统尤其是机床、机器人或同类物，这些传感器测定该工业系统的至少一个状态、将其转化成信号并将对应的信号转发给一个分析电子设备。
背景技术
在许多工业领域中存在如下系统，这些系统必须受到监测。其中首先包括机床(例如车床、加工中心、研磨机、特种机床)，但还包括传送装配线、机床支架、机器人和其他处理系统(例如装载支架)。这只是待监测的系统的一小部分选择。本发明涉及完成任何任务的所有工业系统。
在这些工业系统中必须进行监测工作，以确保这些系统的功能。在此，该监测必须涉及长期的变化，例如磨损；但还必须涉及短期的变化，例如碰撞、超负荷、不平衡或类似变化。在任何情况下必须监测的机床部件是实施移动的机床部件。其中首先包括在对应的加工轴上作用的所有组件，例如滑架、转轴；但还包括这些组件的传动轴、轴承等。
因此，例如从US6,138,056已知一种用于维护和修复数控机床(CNC-Maschine)的系统和方法，其中为了监测该机床而测定运行路径和运行时间数据，以便测定该机床的维护和修复时间点。
从EP-A0321108已知一种监测系统，该监测系统用于跟随过程地监测在切削机床中的工具、工件或加工过程。在此辨别出如下这些状态，例如工具破损、工具断裂、工具磨损、工具与工件接触、噪声或机器碰撞；并且尽快地停止机械驱动，以避免后续损失
从EP-A0762248已知一种方法，基于至少一个振动传感器的测量数据用该方法进行过程后检查，以便随后表征这些机床部件的有缺陷的状态。
发明目的
本发明的目的在于，改善对上述工业系统的监测并且尤其加快错误检测。
具体实施方式
通过以下方式实现这个目的：除该工业系统的实际工作过程之外调用并完成一个分析程序，该分析程序接收并处理在该分析电子设备中的这些信号。
本发明的主要特征在于：除加工过程之外以一定的时间间隔进行机器状态分析(状态监测)。例如能够如下地配置该系统：该机床每周一次或每天一次调用一个专门的维护程序，并且尤其在没有实际加工的情况下，以该转轴的不同转数完成不同的轴运动。用该监测系统测量该维护程序的物理学的结果(例如通过振动测量)并将其存储用于分析。
当诊断和分析首先涉及该工业系统的轴时，该传感器优选是一个三轴传感器，但这只是一个示例。该工业系统的信号被转发给一个电子分析单元，在该电子分析单元中产生用于状态辨识的专门的算法。然后，该分析单元还优选具有一个与该机器的通信接口(在必要的情况下)，使得能够影响机器控制。以此方式，不仅记录了关于转轴、导轨、线性辊轴承(Rollenumlaufschuhen)等机械技术的问题，而且记录了传动问题、润滑问题等。但是首先监测了震荡或振动。用不同的算法来分析和评估这些震荡。该分析通过典型的震荡图实现，即借助于从机械诊断得来的多年的经验值。
尤其在根据本发明的诊断开始时完成该机器的一个指纹。也就是说，这些机器的所有测定的值形成一个总图。该机器的指纹以规律的间隔与这些实际状态相比较并被分析并且该指纹还在适当时被适配(学习过程)。
在优选的实施例中，根据本发明的方法还与一个系统联用，该系统在其使用期间用于连续地控制该工业系统。也就是说，一方面进行常规的工具监测，即过程监测(processmonitoring)(由硬件电子设备、专门的软件、传感器还有可视化PC组成)，另一方面用该新系统进行状态监测(conditionmonitoring)。
例如确切地说，用该过程监测进行碰撞监测，然后用该状态监测对碰撞监测进行分析。优选采取两种监测，但还采取其他监测的一部分。因此例如可以采取该新方法：碰撞监测和上述外部处理任务(Out-Off-Prozessaufgaben)。这对碰撞监测尤其意味着：对辨别可能的碰撞的反应加快到毫秒。类似地，也适用于对振动超负荷的辨别和反应。
本发明还包括一种对应的装置，该装置基本由一个传感器(尤其加速度传感器)、一个分析单元和优选用于机器控制的一个接口组成。

Claims (9)

1.用于借助于传感器监测工业系统的方法，该工业系统尤其是机床、机器人或同类物，这些传感器测定该工业系统的至少一个状态、将其转化成信号并将对应的信号转发给一个分析电子设备，
其特征在于，
除该工业系统的实际工作过程之外，调用并完成一个分析程序，该分析程序接收并处理在该分析电子设备中的这些信号。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，借助于通过该分析程序分析的结果来控制该工业系统。
3.根据权利要求1至2之一所述的方法，其特征在于，监测该工业系统的多个轴或轴运动。
4.根据前述权利要求中的至少一项所述的方法，其特征在于，使用至少一个加速度传感器进行监测。
5.根据前述权利要求中的至少一项所述的方法，其特征在于，对该工业系统进行振动监测。
6.根据前述权利要求中的至少一项所述的方法，其特征在于，对该工业系统进行碰撞监测。
7.根据前述权利要求中的至少一项所述的方法，其特征在于，通过多种算法分析和评估这些信号。
8.根据前述权利要求中的至少一项所述的方法，其特征在于，至少一次、但优选以时间间隔构成该工业系统的指纹(额定值)并分别与当前的信号相比较。
9.根据前述权利要求中的至少一项所述的方法，其特征在于，该工业系统此外具有过程监测。
CN201480058699.5A 2013-10-25 2014-10-16 用于监测工业系统的方法 Pending CN105829980A (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102013111819.4 2013-10-25
DE201310111819 DE102013111819A1 (de) 2013-10-25 2013-10-25 Verfahren zum Überwachen von industriellen Systemen
DE102014100001.3 2014-01-02
DE102014100001.3A DE102014100001A1 (de) 2014-01-02 2014-01-02 Verfahren zum Überwachen von industriellen Systemen
PCT/EP2014/072171 WO2015059017A1 (de) 2013-10-25 2014-10-16 Verfahren zum überwachen von industriellen systemen

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EP (1) EP3060963A1 (zh)
JP (1) JP2016535336A (zh)
KR (1) KR20160087812A (zh)
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CA (1) CA2928582A1 (zh)
RU (1) RU2016117942A (zh)
WO (1) WO2015059017A1 (zh)

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JP7082517B2 (ja) * 2018-04-19 2022-06-08 株式会社ディスコ 加工装置

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CN101110130A (zh) * 2006-07-19 2008-01-23 曼内斯曼塑料机械有限公司 用于塑料加工机械的传感器和这种传感器的运行方法
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CA2928582A1 (en) 2015-04-30
RU2016117942A (ru) 2017-11-30
EP3060963A1 (de) 2016-08-31
WO2015059017A1 (de) 2015-04-30
KR20160087812A (ko) 2016-07-22
US20160259321A1 (en) 2016-09-08
JP2016535336A (ja) 2016-11-10

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