CN105820842A - Gasification supercritical CO2 cycle power generation system - Google Patents
Gasification supercritical CO2 cycle power generation system Download PDFInfo
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- CN105820842A CN105820842A CN201610334811.4A CN201610334811A CN105820842A CN 105820842 A CN105820842 A CN 105820842A CN 201610334811 A CN201610334811 A CN 201610334811A CN 105820842 A CN105820842 A CN 105820842A
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- coal gasification
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- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 114
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 230000004087 circulation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 64
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 99
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001351 cycling effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 4
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000010793 Steam injection (oil industry) Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000208340 Araliaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000005035 Panax pseudoginseng ssp. pseudoginseng Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000003140 Panax quinquefolius Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007809 chemical reaction catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005261 decarburization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000008434 ginseng Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036284 oxygen consumption Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C3/00—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid
- F02C3/20—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid using a special fuel, oxidant, or dilution fluid to generate the combustion products
- F02C3/22—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid using a special fuel, oxidant, or dilution fluid to generate the combustion products the fuel or oxidant being gaseous at standard temperature and pressure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C3/00—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid
- F02C3/20—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid using a special fuel, oxidant, or dilution fluid to generate the combustion products
- F02C3/30—Adding water, steam or other fluids for influencing combustion, e.g. to obtain cleaner exhaust gases
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use
- F02C6/04—Gas-turbine plants providing heated or pressurised working fluid for other apparatus, e.g. without mechanical power output
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use
- F02C6/18—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use using the waste heat of gas-turbine plants outside the plants themselves, e.g. gas-turbine power heat plants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/093—Coal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/16—Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/16—Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]
- Y02E20/18—Integrated gasification combined cycle [IGCC], e.g. combined with carbon capture and storage [CCS]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/54—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using solvents, e.g. supercritical solvents or ionic liquids
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
Abstract
A gasification supercritical CO2 cycle power generation system comprises a gasification unit, an air distribution unit and an internal combustion type supercritical CO2 circulation unit, wherein air is input into the air distribution unit, oxygen is generated and output in two paths, one path of oxygen is input into a gasification furnace, and the other path of oxygen is input into a combustion chamber of the internal combustion type supercritical CO2 circulation unit .The internal combustion type supercritical CO2 circulation unit further comprises a turbine for converting heat energy into mechanical energy and a heat regeneration unit used for heat exchanging, and a part of gas is extracted from the portion between turbine stages, or a turbine outlet or a cold side hot end outlet of the heat regeneration unit to serve as a gasification agent to be input into the gasification furnace in the gasification unit .While zero CO2 emission of the gasification supercritical CO2 cycle power generation system is achieved, high system efficiency is obtained, and the net efficiency is higher than that of an integrated gasification combined cycle power generation system based on pre-combustion trapping by 8-14%.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to energy source and power and coal chemical technology, relate in particular to a kind of coal gasification supercritical
CO2Cycle generating system.
Background technology
Under China's energy resource structure based on coal, how high efficiency, low cost ground reduces coal base power station CO2
Discharge is the major issue that energy field faces.Conventional coal base power station CO2The technology path reduced discharging includes
Pre-combustion capture, post-combustion capture, oxygen-enriched combusting three kinds.
Post-combustion capture refers to separate from the flue gas after burning and trap CO2, main application is
Conventional pulverized-coal power station.Its major advantage is technical maturity, and principle is simple, the inheritance to existing power station
Good.Shortcoming is, owing to after burning, flue gas volume flow is big, and CO2Dividing potential drop little, the energy of decarbonizing process
Consumption is big, and investment and the operating cost of equipment are higher, trap relatively costly.Post-combustion capture CO2To make
System effectiveness reduces 8-15 percentage point.
Pre-combustion capture refers to separated by carbonaceous component therein before fuel combustion and trap out, main
Integrated gasification combined cycle plants IGCC power station to be used for.Trapping process is: the coal system that gasification furnace produces
WGS unit, CO therein and steam generation Water gas shift/WGS is entered anti-after gas is purified
CO should be generated2And H2, improve CO in gas2Content, then to CO therein2Separate.
Compared with post-combustion capture, the required gas volume processed of pre-combustion capture is greatly reduced, CO2Dense
Degree significantly increases.Pre-combustion capture CO2System effectiveness will be made to reduce 6-15 percentage point.
Oxygen-enriched combusting refers to use O2/CO2Mixture replacement air, as oxidant, together exists with coal dust
Pure oxygen burning stove burns.CO in combustion product2Concentration reach more than 90%, can directly enter
Row separates, and significantly reduces the energy consumption of trapping process.Owing to combustion-supporting medium changes, this technology
Combustion characteristics, gas radiation heat transfer characteristic, the out of stock characteristic of desulfurization etc. all will change.Based on this
The combustion technology planted, needs to research and develop corresponding pure oxygen burning stove.Additionally, the oxygen needed for oxygen-enriched combusting
Need to be supplied by space division system, although CO2Separation process energy consumption reduces, but the application of air separation process increases
Add the energy consumption of system, and the investment of system will have been increased substantially.Due to space division consumption in oxygen-enriched combusting
Energy will make system effectiveness reduce about 10 percentage points.
Under three of the above technology path, coal base CO2Near-zero release efficiency of plant about 30%-38%,
Compared with when not considering to trap, efficiency reduces 6-15 percentage point.On the one hand, need by sending out energetically
Exhibition related key technical, to further enhance the Technical Economy of system, on the other hand needs by circulation
The zero-emission coal-based power generation technology of innovation and development more high efficiency, low cost.
Internal combustion type supercritical CO2The proposition of circulation, for coal base power station CO2Reduce discharging and provide new circulation
Open one's minds.The internal combustion type supercritical CO having pointed out at present2Circulation include COOPERATE circulation,
Matiant circulation (includes CO2Condenser and do not include CO2Condenser), E-Matiant circulation,
OCDOPUS and Allam circulation etc..These circulations all propose with natural gas for fuel, but simultaneously
Producing synthesis gas from coal all can be used as fuel.Above internal combustion type supercritical CO2Circulation has cycle efficieny
Height, the advantages such as system flow is simple, during with natural gas for fuel, system effectiveness about 45%-58.9%,
Wherein Allam cycle efficieny is the highest.Yet with supercritical CO2Working medium physical property, above two class circulations
Two problems of facing: 1) CO under high pressure2Specific heat reduces to there will be first to raise with temperature and reduces afterwards
Phenomenon, the unmatched problem of low-temperature zone heat exchange easily occurs, thus brings biggerLoss；2)
Under turbine running parameter, CO2Specific heat ratio is less than air or steam, under same blow down ratio, turbine
Importing and exporting temperature ratio little, turbine high fume temperature, due to the restriction of regenerator material, turbine-inlet temperature
Cannot promote, efficiency improves difficulty.
When coal gasification is combined, by coal gasification and internal combustion type supercritical CO2Circulation combines, current
Combination shares space division, based on synthesis gas replacement natural gas, internal combustion type supercritical CO with simple2
The odds for effectiveness of circulation disappears totally.Can use can significantly reduce it is known that coal gasification itself is one
Process, coke gasification in gasification furnace, gasifying agent, oxygen and solid heat up the required energy consumed
Amount need to be provided by the burning of a part of coke, and coke combustion share is the biggest, and the available loss of energy is the biggest.
At present, the cold gas efficiency of common gasification furnace is the highest by the most about 82%.In view of the energy consumption of space division, coal
Energy Transform efficiency will be lower.Although synthesis gas is cooled to by high temperature in dedusting, purification process
The heat of 40 DEG C can be reclaimed by the mode of useless pot producing steam, heating useless pot feedwater, but in synthesis gas, water steams
Air cooling coagulates energy loss greatly, and heat utilization ratio is low.It addition, coal gas cooling procedure is given up, pot producing steam is except full
Outside foot gasification and purification process requirements, extra steam need to configure multistage steam turbine and condenser system is entered
Row is dissolved.Due to steam circulation and CO2The difference of circulation cycle fluid, it is impossible to realize sharing of equipment,
Then need to arrange two set stand alone generating systems, cause that system is numerous and jumbled, cost of investment is high, control is difficult,
And owing to steam flow is few, steam turbine small scale, the low about 6-8% of the relatively large steam turbine of its internal efficiency,
Efficiency reduces further.
To sum up, coal base power station CO it is applied at present2The three kinds of technology paths reduced discharging also exist system effectiveness
Low, that cost of electricity-generating is high problem, in the urgent need to the innovation by circulation, exploitation near-zero release coal base electricity
Stand technology.Internal combustion type supercritical CO2The proposition of circulation, for the CO with coal as fuel2Zero discharging system
Provide new selection, but internal combustion type supercritical CO2Circulation remains in certain technical problem, and its
When combining with coal gasification, if only considering sharing and the combination of fuel of space division, there is system numerous and jumbled,
The problem that system effectiveness is on the low side.
Summary of the invention
For disadvantages mentioned above and the deficiency of prior art, it is an object of the invention to propose a kind of coal gasification
Supercritical CO2Cycle generating system.
For achieving the above object, the present invention provides a kind of coal gasification supercritical CO2Cycle generating system,
Including coal gasification unit, air separation unit and internal combustion type supercritical CO2Cycling element, wherein,
Described coal gasification unit includes gasification furnace, described internal combustion type supercritical CO2Cycling element includes combustion
Burn room；
Described air separation unit input air, produces oxygen, and point two-way exports described oxygen, Qi Zhongyi
Road inputs in described gasification furnace, and another road inputs in described combustor.
Preferably, described internal combustion type supercritical CO2Cycling element also comprises and converts heat energy into mechanical energy
Turbine and for the backheat unit of heat exchange, the outlet of the most described turbine inter-stage, turbine or backheat
A part of gas is extracted in the outlet of hot junction, unit cold side, inputs as described coal gasification unit as gasifying agent
Middle gasification furnace.
Preferably, described gasification furnace is high-temperature gasification stove, operates temperature >=1300 DEG C；Or described gas
Changing stove is middle low-temperature catalysis gasification stove, operates temperature 700-900 DEG C.
Preferably, it is characterised in that: described coal gasification unit comprises waste heat boiler, and this waste heat boiler produces
The supercritical water steam of raw pressure >=22MPa, or pressure is more than or equal to 3MPa and less than 22MPa
Mesohigh superheated steam be directly injected into described internal combustion type supercritical CO2The combustor of circulation.
Preferably, described coal gasification unit includes dust removing units, wherein, closes after removing dust unit dedusting
The heat part input becoming air cooling process is used for heating the feedwater of useless pot, and some input is used for
Preheating internal combustion type supercritical CO2Cycling element circulation CO2。
Preferably, described internal combustion type supercritical CO2Cycling element arranges N level combustor and turbine, N
It it is the natural number of 1 to 5；
Preferably, needed for described backheat unit, origin of heat is turbine smoke evacuation heat release；Preferably, described
Needed for backheat unit origin of heat also have: synthesis gas cooling procedure heat, air compression process heat,
Oxygen compression process heat and/or CO2Compression process heat.
Preferably, needed for described backheat unit, origin of heat also has: synthesis gas cooling procedure heat, sky
Air pressure compression process heat, oxygen compression process heat and/or CO2Compression process heat.
Preferably, described backheat unit is made up of multiple regenerators, and the setting of regenerator is according to " energy
Boil on the nape opposite the mouth, cascade utilization " principle arrange.
Preferably, described internal combustion type supercritical CO2Cycling element uses Allam circulation process, Matiant
Circulation process or E-Matiant circulation process are arranged.
By technique scheme, the beneficial effects of the present invention is:
(1) described a kind of coal gasification supercritical CO that the present invention provides2Circulation, extraction internal combustion type surpasses
Critical CO2Rich, high temperature CO in circulation2Working medium backflow as the gasifying agent of gasification furnace, its can bring with
Under the effect of several aspects: a. rich, high temperature CO2Inject gasification furnace can reduce in gasification for burning
The coke share of heat supply, improves gasification furnaceEfficiency and cold gas efficiency, reduce gasification furnace oxygen consumption simultaneously
And space division wasted work；B. backflow working medium is with CO2It is main, with steam as compared with gasifying agent, synthesis gas
Middle water vapour content reduces, and the thermal loss that cooling procedure water vapor condensation causes is few；
(2) described a kind of coal gasification supercritical CO that the present invention provides2Circulation, produces useless pot
Steam is directly injected into internal combustion type supercritical CO2In circulating combustion room, it can bring the following aspects
Effect: a. simplifies power take-off unit；B. steam can replace a part of CO2As diluent, subtract
Circulate CO less2Working medium flow, reduces CO2Compression process wasted work；C. the injection of steam will change thoroughly
Flat import hot working fluid physical property, improves the specific heat ratio of working medium, can limit at identical regenerator hot-side temperature
Lower raising turbine-inlet temperature；D. the injection of steam can increase backheat unit hot side working medium flow, increases
Heated side total heat exchange amount, can to a certain degree improve the heat exchanger unmatched problem of low-temperature end heat.
(3) a kind of coal gasification supercritical CO proposed by the invention2Circulation, by steam injection and height
The rich CO of temperature2Working medium backflow two ways, the utilization of middle low-temperature heat quantity in cooling down in conjunction with coal gas, on the one hand
The regenerator heat that can solve internal combustion type supercritical steam cycle itself existing does not mates, and performance improves difficulty
Problem, on the other hand, high system net efficiency can be obtained；
(4) a kind of coal gasification supercritical CO that the present invention proposes2Cycle generating system is realizing CO2
While zero-emission, it is thus achieved that high system effectiveness, combine than integral coal gasification based on pre-combustion capture
Cycle generating system net efficiency height 8-14 percentage point.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is a kind of coal gasification supercritical CO that the present invention proposes2Cycle generating system
In above-mentioned accompanying drawing, each parts and being labeled as accordingly: 1-gasification furnace；2-waste heat boiler；3-removes
Dirt unit；4-synthesis gas cooling unit；5-desulfurization and sulfur recovery unit；6-fuel compressor；7-burns
Room；8-turbine；9-backheat unit；10-cooler；11-flash tank；12-CO2Compressor；13-CO2
Cooler；14-CO2Pump；15-space division；16-oxygen compressor；17-oxygen supercharger；
101-coal, 102-high-temperature crude synthesis gas, 103-middle temperature crude synthesis gas, the synthesis gas after 104-dedusting,
105-room temperature synthesis gas；The clean synthesis gas of 106-, 107-compresses clean synthesis gas, 108-high-temperature flue gas, 109-
High-temperature turbine is discharged fume, and 110-removes regenerator flue gas, and 111-goes out regenerator flue gas, flue gas after 112-cooling,
113-CO2Gas, 114-compresses CO2Gas, 115-liquid CO2, 116-supercharging CO2, 117-goes
Seal CO up for safekeeping2, 118-circulates CO2, 119-high temperature circulation CO2, 120-goes the high-temperature turbine of gasification furnace to arrange
Cigarette, 121-air, 122-oxygen, the oxygen after 123-compression, 124-removes gasification furnace oxygen, 125-
Remove combustor oxygen, oxygen after 126-supercharging.
Detailed description of the invention
For making the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, the most also
For embodiment, the present invention is described in more detail.Following referring to the drawings to embodiment of the present invention
Illustrate to be intended to the present general inventive concept of the present invention is explained, and be not construed as the present invention's
A kind of restriction.
See Fig. 1, a kind of coal gasification supercritical CO that the present invention proposes2Cycle generating system, coal 101
Enter gasification furnace 1 in rich, high temperature CO2Under working medium 120 and oxygen 124 effect, it is thick that reaction generates high temperature
Synthesis gas 102, high-temperature crude synthesis gas is cooled to about 350 DEG C through waste heat boiler 2, becomes middle temperature and slightly closes
Become gas 103, then enter dust removing units 3 and remove the most most of solid impurity.Waste heat boiler
2 steam 129 produced are directly injected into internal combustion type supercritical CO2In the combustor 7 of cycling element.
Synthesis gas 104 after removing dust (becoming room temperature synthesis gas 105) after cooling further enters desulfurization
And sulfur recovery unit 5 removes sulfur component (H therein2S, COS etc.), and produce elemental sulfur product.
Clean synthesis gas 106 after desulfurization (becoming compressed synthesis gas 107) after fuel compressor 6 compresses is made
Internal combustion type supercritical CO is entered for fuel2Circulating combustion room 7 carries out pure oxygen burning.High temperature after burning
Gas 108 is through High Temperature High Pressure turbine 8 expansion work.Pressure is operated, at turbine according to coal gasification course
8 inter-stages or turbine 8 outlet are extracted a part of high-temperature turbine smoke evacuation 120 and are recycled to gasification furnace 1 as gas
Change Process Gas agent.Another part high-temperature turbine smoke evacuation 110 entrance backheat unit 9 heat after expanded
Side cools down, and goes out the cooled device of gas 111 10 of backheat unit 9 and cools down further and (become cold
But gas 112) and separate H therein by flash tank 112The CO that purity is higher is become after O2Gas
Body 113.CO2Gas 113 is through multistage CO2Compressor 12 is compressed to 8MPa (becomes compression CO2
Gas 114), then through CO2Liquid CO is become after cooler 13 cooling2115, and after through CO2Pump
It is pressurized to 15-30MPa, becomes supercharging CO2116, the CO after a part of supercharging2Envelope is gone in 117 outputs
Depositing, remainder is as circulation CO2118 (become high temperature circulation CO after backheat unit 92119)
Enter combustor 7 and continue to participate in circulation.
In the present invention, coal gasification supercritical CO2Cycle generating system and internal combustion type supercritical CO2
" supercritical " in cycling element refer to carbon dioxide at internal combustion type supercritical CO2Circulation is single
Temperature in unit's regenerator is more than 30.98 DEG C and gas pressure is more than 73.8MPa.
Preferably, gasification furnace 1 gasification agent temperature can reach about 750-1000 DEG C, with CO2It is main (CO2
Volume fraction ＞ 90%), with the most conventional with water/steam and O2Gasification furnace for gasifying agent is compared,
Less for the coke share of combustion heat supplying, gasification cold gas efficiency is higher.
Preferably, the gasifying agent needed for gasification furnace 1 may be from internal combustion type supercritical CO2Circulation turbine
8 inter-stages, turbine 8 export or the outlet of hot junction, backheat unit 9 cold side.
Preferably, gasification furnace 1 can be high-temperature gasification stove, operates temperature >=1300 DEG C.
Preferably, gasification furnace 1 can be middle low-temperature catalysis gasification stove, operates temperature 700-900 DEG C, adopts
It is catalyst with alkali metal, relative to traditional gasification stove, autothermal reaction can be realized, it is not necessary to for oxygen supply
Gas.
Preferably, the steam that waste heat boiler 2 produces can be supercritical water steam (pressure >=22MPa).
Preferably, the steam that waste heat boiler 2 produces can be mesohigh superheated steam (3MPa≤pressure
Power ＜ 22MPa).
Preferably, the steam that waste heat boiler 2 produces is directly injected into described internal combustion type supercritical CO2
Cycling element combustor 7, can save and small steam turbine generator group, condensate pump etc. are separately configured
Device, and the injection of steam can change supercritical CO2Physical property, reduces turbine exhaust gas temperature, reduces
Backheat unit hot junction backheat end is poor, alleviates backheat unit cold end energy mismatch problem.
Preferably, after dedusting, heat (350 DEG C of-60 DEG C of heat releases) part for synthesis gas cooling procedure is used
Feeding water in heating waste heat boiler 2, a part is used for preheating internal combustion type supercritical CO2Cyclic part circulates
CO2, solve backheat unit 9 cold end energy mismatch problem.
Preferably, described internal combustion type supercritical CO2Cycling element can arrange N level (1≤N≤5) combustion
Burn room and turbine.
Preferably, described internal combustion type supercritical CO2Cycling element first-stage burning room operation pressure limit
For 3-40MPa.
Preferably, described internal combustion type supercritical CO29 calorific requirements of circulation heat recovery unit are discharged fume with turbine
Heat release is main, can be combined with synthesis gas cooling procedure heat, air compression process heat, oxygen pressure
Compression process heat, CO2Compression process heat；
Preferably, described internal combustion type supercritical CO2Circulation heat recovery unit is made up of a series of regenerators,
The setting of regenerator is arranged according to the principle of " energy boil on the nape opposite the mouth, cascade utilization ".
Preferably, described internal combustion type supercritical CO2Cycling element can use Allam circulation process arrange,
Matiant circulation process is arranged, E-Matiant circulation process is arranged.
Preferably, described air separation unit includes air separation unit, oxygen compressor and oxygen supercharger, institute
State air separation unit input air 121, produce oxygen 122 (the most also discharging nitrogen 127), oxygen warp
Oxygen compressor compression after export oxygen, the part of oxygen 124 after compression to described coal gasification unit,
And another part oxygen 125 after compressing continues supercharging through oxygen supercharger, (form the oxygen after supercharging
Gas 126) then export to described internal combustion type supercritical CO2Cycling element.
Described a kind of coal gasification supercritical CO that the present invention provides2Circulation, extracts internal combustion type supercritical
CO2Rich, high temperature CO in circulation2Working medium backflow is as the gasifying agent of gasification furnace, and it can bring following several
The beneficial effect of individual aspect: 1) rich, high temperature CO2Inject gasification furnace can reduce in gasification for firing
Burn the coke share of heat supply, improve gasification furnaceEfficiency and cold gas efficiency, reduce gasification furnace oxygen simultaneously
Consumption and space division wasted work；2) backflow working medium is with CO2It is main, with steam as compared with gasifying agent, closes
Becoming water vapour content in gas to reduce, the thermal loss that cooling procedure water vapor condensation causes is few.
Described a kind of coal gasification supercritical CO that the present invention provides2Circulation, the steam produced by useless pot is straight
Connect injection internal combustion type supercritical CO2In circulating combustion room, it can bring the useful effect of the following aspects
Really: 1) simplify power take-off unit；2) steam can replace a part of CO2As diluent, subtract
Circulate CO less2Working medium flow, reduces CO2Compression process wasted work；3) injection of steam will change
Turbine import hot working fluid physical property, improves the specific heat ratio of working medium, can be in identical regenerator hot-side temperature limit
Turbine-inlet temperature is improved under system；4) injection of steam can increase backheat unit hot side working medium flow,
Increase heated side total heat exchange amount, can to a certain degree improve the heat exchanger unmatched problem of low-temperature end heat.
Performance comparision and analysis
According to a kind of coal gasification supercritical CO shown in Fig. 12Cycle generating system flow chart, gasification furnace
The operation pressure of 1 is 3MPa, and operation temperature is 1400 DEG C, and waste heat boiler 2 outlet temperature is 350 DEG C,
Dust removing units 3 solids removal rate is 99.5%, and desulfurization and sulfur recovery unit 5 desulfurization degree are 99.8%,
Internal combustion type supercritical CO2Cycling element uses first-stage firing chamber, one-level turbine to arrange, and combustor 7 is pressed
Power 30MPa, combustor 8 temperature 1150 DEG C, turbine 8 outlet pressure 3MPa, backheat unit 9 heat
Side outlet temperature 86 DEG C, cooler 10 outlet temperature 30 DEG C, multistage CO2Compressor 12 outlet pressure
Power 8MPa, CO2Compressor pump outlet pressure 30MPa, hot junction, backheat unit cold side outlet temperature 750 DEG C.
Waste heat boiler 2 produces 30MPa, the supercritical steam of 600 DEG C, and institute's producing steam is directly injected into internal combustion type and surpasses
Critical CO2In cycling element combustor 7.
Kinds of coals for gasification used by the present embodiment uses datong bitumite, and its composition and calorific value are shown in Table 1.
Table 1
A kind of coal gasification supercritical CO described in embodiment2In cycle generating system gasification furnace performance with
Conventional Shell gasification furnace performance comparison is shown in Table 2.
Visible, in the present invention, gasification furnace cold gas efficiency reaches 84.36%, with conventional Shell gasification furnace
(cold gas efficiency 82.12%) is compared, and cold gas efficiency improves about 2.24 percentage points, this meaning
Taste more coke energy and is converted into flow rate.
Table 2
The present invention proposes a kind of coal gasification supercritical CO2The overall thermal performance of cycle generating system is shown in Table 3,
Give up pot cooling, Selexol desulfurization and decarburization, the IGCC of GE 9F level gas turbine based on Shell gasification furnace
The performance of carbon trapping electricity generation system (90% carbon capture rate) is shown in Table 4.Visible, the present invention proposes one
Coal gasification supercritical CO2Cycle generating system net efficiency is up to 47.02%, and can realize CO2Zero
Discharge, than the clean effect of IGCC carbon based on Shell gasification furnace trapping electricity generation system (90% carbon trapping)
Rate is high about 10.9 percentage points.
Table 3
| Title | Unit | The present embodiment system |
| Gasification furnace coal consumption | t/h | 125.00 |
| Turbine output work | MW | 667.57 |
| Fuel compressor wasted work | MW | 15.86 |
| Air compressor machine wasted work | MW | 69.52 |
| Oxygen compressor wasted work | MW | 29.48 |
| Oxygen supercharger wasted work | MW | 13.11 |
| Multistage CO2Compressor wasted work | MW | 62.66 |
| CO2Compressor pump wasted work | MW | 43.42 |
| Other assist wasted work | MW | 11.12 |
| System power supply power | MW | 422.4 |
| System power supply efficiency | % | 47.02 |
Table 4
So far, already in connection with accompanying drawing, the present embodiment has been described in detail.According to above description, this
Skilled person should be to one coal gasification supercritical CO of the present invention2Cycle generating system has had clearly
The understanding of Chu.
Additionally, the above-mentioned definition to each element and method is not limited in the various tools mentioned in embodiment
Body structure, shape or mode, it can be changed or replace by those of ordinary skill in the art simply,
Such as:
(1) although supercritical CO in above-described embodiment2Cycling element flow setting uses and Allam
Circulate identical configuration, but the present invention is not limited thereto, internal combustion type supercritical CO2Cycling element stream
Journey arranges and also can be respectively Matian circulation, E-Matiant circulation form；
(2) although gasification furnace uses the high-temperature gasification stove without catalyst in above-described embodiment,
But the present invention is not limited thereto, gasification furnace can use in low-temperature catalysis gasification stove, add alkali metal make
For gasification reaction catalyst；
(3) although in above-described embodiment, rich, high temperature CO of backflow2Working medium is drawn from turbine end,
But the present invention is not limited thereto, rich, high temperature CO of backflow2Working medium also can be from hot junction, backheat unit cold side
Outlet extraction；
(4) although internal combustion type supercritical CO in above-described embodiment2Cyclic part uses one-level combustion
Burning room and one-level turbine is arranged, but the present invention is not limited thereto, the progression of combustor and turbine can root
Change according to the difference of circulation maximum pressure, be more than 760 DEG C for former with afterbody turbine exhaust gas temperature
Then, general 1≤N≤5；
(5) although backheat unit uses a regenerator in above-described embodiment, but the present invention is also
Being not limited, the number of regenerator and set-up mode are according to circulation CO2Heat and temperature requirements determine,
Available coal gas cooling unit heat, air compression process heat, oxygen compression process heat, CO2
Compression process heat, regenerator is that principle is arranged with " energy boil on the nape opposite the mouth, cascade utilization "；
(6) although what in above-described embodiment, waste heat boiler produced is supercritical steam, but the present invention is not
As limit, producing steam parameter can be according to internal combustion type supercritical CO2Cyclic part combustor progression and ginseng
Number setting is adjusted and mates；
In sum, a kind of coal gasification supercritical CO proposed by the invention2Circulation, turns to coal gas
Source, with internal combustion type supercritical CO2Circulation is power take-off unit, according to both respective features,
By steam injection and rich, high temperature CO2Working medium backflow two ways, on the one hand can solve internal combustion type supercritical
Regenerator heat existing for circulation itself does not mates, the problem of performance raising difficulty, on the other hand,
High system net efficiency can be obtained.A kind of coal gasification supercritical CO that the present invention proposes2Circulating generation system
System is realizing CO2While zero-emission, can obtain high system effectiveness, ratio is based on pre-combustion capture
Integrated gasification combined cycle for power generation system net efficiency height 8-14 percentage point.
Particular embodiments described above, is carried out the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect
Further describe, be it should be understood that the foregoing is only the present invention specific embodiment and
, be not limited to the present invention, all within the spirit and principles in the present invention, that is done any repaiies
Change, equivalent, improvement etc., should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a coal gasification supercritical CO2Cycle generating system, it is characterised in that include coal gasification list
Unit, air separation unit and internal combustion type supercritical CO2Cycling element, wherein,
Described coal gasification unit includes gasification furnace, described internal combustion type supercritical CO2Cycling element includes combustion
Burn room；
Described air separation unit input air, produces oxygen, and point two-way exports described oxygen, Qi Zhongyi
Road inputs in described gasification furnace, and another road inputs in described combustor.
Coal gasification supercritical CO the most according to claim 12Cycle generating system, its feature
It is, described internal combustion type supercritical CO2Cycling element also comprises the turbine converting heat energy into mechanical energy
With the backheat unit for heat exchange, wherein from described turbine inter-stage, turbine outlet or backheat unit cold
A part of gas is extracted in the outlet of hot junction, side, gasifies as in described coal gasification unit as gasifying agent input
Stove.
Coal gasification supercritical CO the most according to claim 12Cycle generating system, its feature
Being, described gasification furnace is high-temperature gasification stove, operates temperature >=1300 DEG C；Or described gasification furnace is
Middle low-temperature catalysis gasification stove, operates temperature 700-900 DEG C.
Coal gasification supercritical CO the most according to claim 12Cycle generating system, its feature
It is: described coal gasification unit comprises waste heat boiler, pressure >=22MPa's that this waste heat boiler produces
Supercritical water steam, or pressure is straight more than or equal to 3MPa and the mesohigh superheated steam less than 22MPa
Connect the described internal combustion type supercritical CO of injection2The combustor of circulation.
Coal gasification supercritical CO the most according to claim 12Cycle generating system, its feature
It is: described coal gasification unit includes dust removing units, wherein, after removing dust unit dedusting, synthesizes air cooling
But the heat part input of process is used for heating the feedwater of useless pot, in some input is used for preheating
Combustion supercritical CO2Cycling element circulation CO2。
Coal gasification supercritical CO the most according to claim 12Cycle generating system, its feature
It is: described internal combustion type supercritical CO2Cycling element arranges N level combustor and turbine, and N is 1
To the natural number of 5.
Coal gasification supercritical CO the most according to claim 22Cycle generating system, its feature
It is: needed for described backheat unit, origin of heat is the smoke evacuation heat release of turbine.
Coal gasification supercritical CO the most according to claim 72Cycle generating system, its feature
It is: needed for described backheat unit, origin of heat also has: synthesis gas cooling procedure heat, air compress
Process heat, oxygen compression process heat and/or CO2Compression process heat.
Coal gasification supercritical CO the most according to claim 22Cycle generating system, its feature
Be: described backheat unit is made up of multiple regenerators, the setting of regenerator according to " energy boil on the nape opposite the mouth,
Cascade utilization " principle arrange.
Coal gasification supercritical CO the most according to claim 12Cycle generating system, its feature
It is: described internal combustion type supercritical CO2Cycling element uses Allam circulation process, Matiant to follow
Circulation journey or E-Matiant circulation process are arranged.
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