CN204371437U - A kind of overcritical efficient power generation system - Google Patents
A kind of overcritical efficient power generation system Download PDFInfo
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- CN204371437U CN204371437U CN201420696438.3U CN201420696438U CN204371437U CN 204371437 U CN204371437 U CN 204371437U CN 201420696438 U CN201420696438 U CN 201420696438U CN 204371437 U CN204371437 U CN 204371437U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a kind of overcritical efficient power generation system, and it comprises: at least a set of heat energy input supercharging device, a hydraulic pressure or air pressure generator; At least a set of working medium storage device; At least a set of cooling dropping equipment; And a control gear.The utility model reclaims two links by the supercharging of working medium with cooling step-down and completes whole power generation process, and have employed the mode that heat pump, cooling machine set and supercritical fluid technique combine, compared with prior art this device achieves the generating under round-the-clock and any weather conditions.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of overcritical efficient power generation system.
Background technique
As everyone knows, at present, so-called generating mainly utilizes generation power device that the heat energy, nuclear energy etc. of fossil fuel (coal, oil, rock gas) are converted to the production process of the electric energy of the need supplying each department of national economy and people's lives.But fossil fuel can produce great amount of carbon dioxide, thus aggravation global greenhouse effect; Nuclear energy is then faced with the huge challenge of raw material sources and environmental protection.
For this reason, those skilled in the art start to gradually adopt the clean energy resourcies such as solar energy, wind energy, geothermal power, water energy (ocean energy) to generate electricity.But the impact of solar energy, wind energy climate condition is huge, and geothermal power and ocean energy are subject to harsh geographical conditions impact and cannot spread equally, and long period of development ocean energy easily causes ecocatastrophe.
Therefore the mankind are badly in need of a kind of can extensively collecting and the energy source of cheapness, so ubiquitous air and lake, rivers enter the sight line of Professional visitors.Because all energy source of earth surface all comes from the sun (energy of volcano eruption is relatively small and weak, can ignore), therefore, the energy that solar beam brings always heats air and lake, rivers with carving; If this part energy extraction out will can be no longer included the emission problem of carbon dioxide for used that of the mankind, also no longer include the worry of ecocatastrophe and the scarcity problem of resource, more can not be subject to the restriction of weather conditions and geographical conditions again.
For this reason, Professional visitors develops the multiple device utilizing air or liquid generating gradually, thus utilizes air or liquid heat energy to make liquid low boiling working medium gasification in vaporizer, and then utilizes the high pressure steam wherein produced to pass through electrical power generators.But current such device all needs the liquefaction being realized working medium by compressor and suction booster etc. to reclaim substantially, because whole process need overcome the powerful vaporization of low boiling working medium itself or liquefaction potential, the Energy Efficiency Ratio of compressor is cancelled.Suction booster energy consumption is large in addition, efficiency is low, with suction booster, liquid working media is driven into zone of high pressure again and needs lot of energy, overcoming these two kinds of unfavorable factors needs the larger temperature difference, and the satisfied larger temperature difference means that the harshness restriction of working environment and more cost drop into.Thus cause the whole efficiency of device too low, cannot spread.
In view of the foregoing, need at present to improve above-mentioned this electricity generating device, with on cost-saving basis, improve generating efficiency.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve above-mentioned prior art Problems existing, the present invention is overcritical efficient power generation system under aiming to provide a kind of normal temperature, 1. because the present invention is mainly for the water source of air and rivers,lakes and seas, therefore select the material being in supercritical state at normal temperatures, material self the vaporization potential and the liquefaction potential that the principles of science are in supercritical state under this normal temperature disappear, and can avoid the energy of at substantial in undying vaporization and liquefaction process; 2. realize the conversion of the low pressure area residing for low boiling working fluid to zone of high pressure to substitute the suction booster that original low pressure squeezes into high pressure by the Energy Efficiency Ratio of heat pump by the mode heating supercharging, the huge energy consumption of this respect can be saved; 3. due to the energy loss brought of diving without vaporization potential and liquefaction, make originally in face of vaporization and liquefaction potential, to seem that the Energy Efficiency Ratio of inappreciable heat pump and cooling machine set has had ample scope for abilities, at thermal input configuration heat pump and in refrigeration step-down end configuration cooling machine set, artificially can increase the temperature difference promote generating capacity and there is Economy, therefore possess round-the-clock ability.These 3 comprehensively form a kind of round-the-clock efficiency power generation unit.
The overcritical efficient power generation system of one of the present invention, it comprises:
At least a set of heat energy input supercharging device, it comprises heat pump and the first heat exchanger, wherein said first internal heat exchanger is full of supercritical state low boiling working medium, first exchanger doubles as the condenser of heat pump simultaneously, heat pump is transferred to self condenser and described first heat exchanger after the first fluid in the external world extracts heat energy, heat exchange is carried out with described supercritical fluid state low boiling working medium to make the supercharging of described supercritical fluid state low boiling working medium in described first heat exchanger, wherein, supercritical state low boiling working medium temperature in the first heat exchanger is all the time higher than critical temperature,
At least a set of cooling dropping equipment, it comprises cooling machine set and the second heat exchanger, wherein said second internal heat exchanger is full of supercritical state low boiling working medium, second heat exchanger doubles as the vaporizer of cooling machine set simultaneously, the refrigerant directly sweat cooling in the second exchanger that cooling machine set second fluid outwardly will liquefy after discharging heat energy, by carrying out heat exchange to make the step-down of described supercritical fluid state low boiling working medium with the supercritical fluid state low boiling working medium in described second heat exchanger, wherein, the temperature of described supercritical fluid state low boiling working medium is all the time greater than or equal to critical temperature,
One hydraulic pressure or air pressure generator;
At least a set of supercritical fluid state low boiling working medium storage device, it comprises:
First pressurized container, it is communicated with described first heat exchanger by the first valve and receives to pass through the first transfer pump when described first valve opening the high-pressure supercritical fluid state low boiling working medium that described first heat exchanger exports, to be connected with described hydraulic pressure or air pressure generator by the second valve and to generate electricity to do work for it to described hydraulic pressure or air pressure generator conveying high-pressure supercritical fluid state low boiling working medium when described second valve opening, to be connected the supercritical fluid state low boiling working medium exported to receive described hydraulic pressure or air pressure generator when described 3rd valve opening with described hydraulic pressure or air pressure generator by the 3rd valve, by the 4th valve to be communicated with described first heat exchanger with when described 4th valve opening to described first heat exchanger loopback supercritical fluid state low boiling working medium, to be communicated with the supercritical fluid state low boiling working medium after receiving described second cools down by the 3rd transfer pump when described 5th valve opening with described second heat exchanger by the 5th valve, also by the 6th valve be communicated with described second heat exchanger with when described 6th valve opening to described second heat exchanger loopback supercritical fluid state low boiling working medium,
Second pressurized container, it is communicated with described first heat exchanger by the 7th valve and receives to pass through the second transfer pump when described 7th valve opening the high-pressure supercritical fluid state low boiling working medium that described first heat exchanger exports, to be connected with described hydraulic pressure or air pressure generator by the 8th valve and to generate electricity to do work for it to described hydraulic pressure or air pressure generator conveying high-pressure supercritical fluid state low boiling working medium when described 8th valve opening, to be connected the supercritical fluid state low boiling working medium exported to receive described hydraulic pressure or air pressure generator when described 9th valve opening with described hydraulic pressure or air pressure generator by the 9th valve, by the tenth valve to be communicated with described first heat exchanger with when described tenth valve opening to described first heat exchanger loopback supercritical fluid state low boiling working medium, to be communicated with the supercritical fluid state low boiling working medium after receiving described second cools down by the 4th transfer pump when described 11 valve opening with described second heat exchanger by the 11 valve, also by the 12 valve be communicated with described second heat exchanger with when described 12 valve opening to described second heat exchanger loopback supercritical fluid state low boiling working medium, and
Two pressure transducers being separately positioned on described first pressurized container and the second pressure vessel bottom, it detects the pressure of supercritical fluid state low boiling working medium in described first pressurized container and the second pressurized container, and delivery pressure numerical signal;
One control gear, it controls described heat pump, first heat exchanger, cooling machine set, the start and stop of the second heat exchanger and first to fourth transfer pump, and the keying controlling described first to the 12 valve is to make wherein said first, the keying of the 4th valve is identical with the start and stop state of the first transfer pump, and the described 5th, the keying of the 6th valve is identical with the start and stop state of the 3rd transfer pump, and the described 7th, the keying of the tenth valve is identical with the start and stop state of the second transfer pump, and the described 11, the keying of the 12 valve is identical with the start and stop state of the 4th transfer pump, and described second, the open/close states of the 9th valve is identical, and the described 3rd, the open/close states of the 8th valve is identical, and described first, the keying of the 4th valve and the start and stop state of the first transfer pump and the described 5th, the keying of the 6th valve and the start and stop state of the 3rd transfer pump are contrary, and the described 7th, the keying of the tenth valve and the start and stop state of the second transfer pump and the described 11, the keying of the 12 valve and the start and stop state of the 4th transfer pump are contrary, and described second, the open/close states of the 9th valve and the described 3rd, the open/close states of the 8th valve is contrary, described control gear also receives the pressure value signal that described pressure transducer exports, and it is compared with predetermined threshold value, the open/close states of described first to the 12 valve and first to fourth transfer pump is switched when the pressure value of described supercritical fluid state low boiling working medium reaches predetermined threshold value,
Wherein, described first pressurized container and the second pressurized container in an initial condition accommodated inside have supercritical fluid state low boiling working medium, gas-liquid mixed state when this supercritical fluid state low boiling working medium can be below critical temperature, also can be directly supercritical fluid state, and described control gear control in the initial condition described heat pump, the first heat exchanger, cooling machine set, the second heat exchanger, first, the 4th, the 7th, the tenth valve and first, second transfer pump open.
In above-mentioned overcritical efficient power generation system, when described first fluid is gas, the vaporizer of described heat pump is fan-type heat exchanger.
In above-mentioned overcritical efficient power generation system, when described first fluid is liquid, the vaporizer of described heat pump is plate type heat exchanger.
In above-mentioned overcritical efficient power generation system, described heat pump system also comprises the transmission pump be connected with described evaporator with heat pump to provide described first fluid to it.
In above-mentioned overcritical efficient power generation system, when described second fluid is gas, the condenser of described cooling machine set is fan-type heat exchanger.
In above-mentioned overcritical efficient power generation system, described fan-type heat exchanger has the entry port entered for described second fluid, at described entry port place, water spray system is housed.
In above-mentioned overcritical efficient power generation system, when described second fluid is liquid, the condenser of described cooling machine set is plate type heat exchanger.
In above-mentioned overcritical efficient power generation system, described refrigerator assembly unit also comprises the transmission pump be connected with described cooling machine set condenser to provide described second fluid to it.
In above-mentioned overcritical efficient power generation system, first, second heat exchanger described is tubular exchanger or plate heat exchanger.
In above-mentioned overcritical efficient power generation system, when described supercritical fluid state low boiling working medium density selects hydraulic generator close to generator during liquid.
In above-mentioned overcritical efficient power generation system, when described supercritical fluid state low boiling working medium density selects air pressure generator wherein at least to comprise steam turbine close to generator during gas.
In above-mentioned overcritical efficient power generation system, described hydraulic pressure or air pressure generator are also connected to power to it with described heat pump, cooling machine set, the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger, first to fourth transmission pump, the first to the 12 valve and control gear.
In above-mentioned overcritical efficient power generation system, described supercritical fluid state low boiling working medium is the material that its critical temperature is in the scope of subzero more than 270 degree to 100 degree above freezing.
In above-mentioned overcritical efficient power generation system, described first to the 12 valve is solenoid valve or pneumatic valve.
Owing to have employed above-mentioned technical solution, the present invention utilizes the pressure of supercritical fluid state low boiling working medium change along with the change of temperature and differ the huge natural law, supercritical fluid state low boiling working medium is carried out heat exchange by heat pump and first fluid (such as the liquid such as normal temperature air or rivers and lakes), thus there is supercharging phenomenon in the first pressurized container airtight in supercritical fluid state low boiling working medium storage device, then lowered the temperature by cooling dropping equipment pair the second pressurized container be communicated with the first pressurized container, thus utilize the pressure reduction between the first pressurized container and the second pressurized container to make hydraulic pressure between them or air pressure electrical power generators, complete whole power generation process, and by the heating to the first pressurized container and the second pressurized container, the exchange of cooling link carrys out the function of alternative suction booster, achieve the recirculation of generating.Energy consumption is saved by the Energy Efficiency Ratio of heat pump and cooling machine set, more can form higher pressure reduction for generating, owing to have employed the mode that heat pump, cooling machine set and supercritical fluid technique combine, adverse condition factor affects to overcome the little or temperature of the temperature difference that supercharging and step-down two ends may exist, water temperature may change etc., and compared with prior art this device achieves the generating under round-the-clock and any temperature difference condition.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of embodiment of a kind of overcritical efficient power generation system of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the another kind of embodiment of a kind of overcritical efficient power generation system of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the circuit block diagram in a kind of overcritical efficient power generation system of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, provide preferred embodiment of the present invention, and be described in detail.
As shown in Figure 1,3, in the present embodiment, the present invention, an i.e. overcritical efficient power generation system, comprising: a set of heat energy input supercharging device, a hydraulic pressure or air pressure generator 2, a set of supercritical fluid state low boiling working medium storage device, a set of cooling dropping equipment and a control gear 8.
Heat energy input supercharging device specifically comprises: the first exchanger 1 and heat pump 9, wherein the first exchanger 1 doubles as the condenser of heat pump 9, heat pump 9 is transferred to self condenser and described first heat exchanger 1 after the first fluid in the external world extracts heat energy, in described first heat exchanger 1, carry out heat exchange to make the supercharging of described supercritical fluid state low boiling working medium with described supercritical fluid state low boiling working medium, the supercritical state low boiling working medium temperature in the first heat exchanger 1 should all the time higher than critical temperature; In the present embodiment, first fluid is liquid (the such as fresh water such as rivers and lakes, streams and other obtainable liquid containing used heat), the vaporizer of heat pump 9 is plate type heat exchanger and is equipped with transmission pump 15, the transmission pump 15 that heat pump 9 is equipped with by self plate heat exchanger receives first fluid, certainly it should be noted that, first fluid in the present embodiment also can be air or other gas, when first fluid be air or other gas time heat pump 9 vaporizer then for fan-type heat exchanger.
Supercritical fluid state low boiling working medium storage device specifically comprises:
First pressurized container 3, it to be communicated with receiving by the first transfer pump 10 the high-pressure supercritical fluid state low boiling working medium that described first heat exchanger 1 exports when described first valve V1 opens by the first valve V1 with described first heat exchanger 1, to be connected with described hydraulic pressure or air pressure generator 2 by the second valve V2 and to generate electricity to do work for it to described hydraulic pressure or air pressure generator 2 conveying high-pressure supercritical fluid state low boiling working medium when described second valve V2 opens, to be connected the supercritical fluid state low boiling working medium exported to receive described hydraulic pressure or air pressure generator 2 when described 3rd valve V3 opens with described hydraulic pressure or air pressure generator 2 by the 3rd valve V3, by the 4th valve V4 to be communicated with described first heat exchanger 1 with when described 4th valve V4 opens to described first heat exchanger 1 loopback supercritical fluid state low boiling working medium, be communicated with to receive described second heat exchanger 7 cooled supercritical fluid state low boiling working medium when described 5th valve V5 opens by the 3rd transfer pump 12 by the 5th valve V5 with described second heat exchanger 7, also by the 6th valve V6 to be communicated with described second heat exchanger 7 with when described 6th valve V6 opens to described second heat exchanger 7 loopback supercritical fluid state low boiling working medium,
Second pressurized container, it to be communicated with receiving by the second transfer pump 11 the high-pressure supercritical fluid state low boiling working medium that described first heat exchanger 1 exports when described 7th valve V7 opens by the 7th valve V7 with described first heat exchanger 1, to be connected with described hydraulic pressure or air pressure generator 2 by the 8th valve V8 and to generate electricity to do work for it to described hydraulic pressure or air pressure generator 2 conveying high-pressure supercritical fluid state low boiling working medium when described 8th valve V8 opens, to be connected the supercritical fluid state low boiling working medium exported to receive described hydraulic pressure or air pressure generator 2 when described 9th valve V9 opens with described hydraulic pressure or air pressure generator 2 by the 9th valve V9, by the tenth valve V10 to be communicated with described first heat exchanger 1 with when described tenth valve V10 opens to described first heat exchanger 1 loopback supercritical fluid state low boiling working medium, be communicated with to receive described second heat exchanger 7 cooled supercritical fluid state low boiling working medium when described 11 valve V11 opens by the 4th transfer pump 13 by the 11 valve V11 with described second heat exchanger 7, also by the 12 V12 valve to be communicated with described second heat exchanger 7 with when described 12 valve V12 opens to described second heat exchanger 7 loopback supercritical fluid state low boiling working medium, and
Two pressure transducers 5 be separately positioned on bottom described first pressurized container 3 and the second pressurized container 4, it detects the pressure of supercritical fluid state low boiling working medium in described first pressurized container 3 and the second pressurized container 4, and delivery pressure numerical signal; In the present embodiment, pressure transducer 5 can adopt the various pressure transducers etc. that can buy on the market.
Cooling dropping equipment specifically comprises: the second heat exchanger 7 and cooling machine set 6, wherein said second heat exchanger 7 inside is full of supercritical state low boiling working medium, second exchanger 7 doubles as the vaporizer of cooling machine set 6 simultaneously, the refrigerant directly sweat cooling in the second exchanger 7 that cooling machine set 6 second fluid outwardly will liquefy after discharging heat energy, by carrying out heat exchange to make the step-down of described supercritical fluid state low boiling working medium with the supercritical fluid state low boiling working medium in described second heat exchanger 7, wherein, the temperature of described supercritical fluid state low boiling working medium is all the time greater than or equal to critical temperature, in the present embodiment, second fluid is air, the condenser of cooling machine set 6 is fan-type heat exchanger and described fan-type heat exchanger has the entry port entered for described second fluid, water spray system 14 is housed in order to spray auxiliary temperature-reducing at described entry port place.Certainly it should be noted that, second fluid in the present embodiment also can be liquid, when second fluid is liquid, the condenser of cooling machine set 6 is plate type heat exchanger and is equipped with transmission pump, and the transmission pump that cooling machine set 6 is equipped with by self plate heat exchanger receives second fluid
One control gear 8, it controls described heat pump 9, transfer pump 15, first heat exchanger 1, cooling machine set 6, spray equipment 14, the start and stop of the second heat exchanger 7 and first to fourth transfer pump 11-13, and the keying controlling described first to the 12 valve V1-V12 is to make wherein said first, 4th valve V1, the keying of V4 is identical with the start and stop state of the first transfer pump 10, and the described 5th, 6th valve V5, the keying of V6 is identical with the start and stop state of the 3rd transfer pump 12, and the described 7th, tenth valve V7, the keying of V10 is identical with the start and stop state of the second transfer pump 11, and the described 11, 12 valve V11, the keying of V12 is identical with the start and stop state of the 4th transfer pump 13, and described second, 9th valve V2, the open/close states of V9 is identical, and the described 3rd, 8th valve V3, the open/close states of V8 is identical, and described first, 4th valve V1, the keying of V4 and the start and stop state of the first transfer pump 10 and the described 5th, 6th valve V5, the keying of V6 and the start and stop state of the 3rd transfer pump 12 are contrary, and the described 7th, tenth valve V7, the keying of V10 and the start and stop state and the described 11 of the second transfer pump 11, 12 valve V11, the keying of V12 and the start and stop state of the 4th transfer pump 13 are contrary, and described second, 9th valve V2, the open/close states of V9 and the described 3rd, 8th valve V3, the open/close states of V8 is contrary.Described control gear 8 also receives the pressure value signal that described pressure transducer exports, and it is compared with predetermined threshold value, the open/close states of described first to the 12 valve V1-V12 and first to fourth transfer pump 10-13 is switched when the pressure value of described supercritical fluid state low boiling working medium reaches predetermined threshold value:
Wherein, described first pressurized container 3 and the second pressurized container 4 in an initial condition accommodated inside have supercritical fluid state low boiling working medium, gas-liquid mixed state when this supercritical fluid state low boiling working medium can be below critical temperature, also can be directly supercritical fluid state, and described control gear 8 control the unlatching of described heat pump 9, transfer pump 15, first heat exchanger the 1, first, the 4th, the 7th, the tenth valve V1, V4, V7, V10 and first, second transfer pump 10,11 in the initial condition.
Based on said structure, working principle of the present invention is as follows:
First whole device is evacuated before system starts, again to the first heat exchanger 1, second heat exchanger 7, first to fourth transfer pump 10-13, hydraulic pressure or air pressure generator 2, first pressurized container 3, supercritical fluid state low boiling working medium (hereinafter referred to as working medium) is injected in second pressurized container 4 and the pipeline that connects between them, gas-liquid mixed state when this working medium can be below critical temperature, also can be directly supercritical fluid state, heat pump 9 is controlled with time-control apparatus 8, transfer pump 15, first, 4th, 7th, tenth valve V1, V4, V7, V10 and first, second transfer pump 10, 11 open.Cooling machine set 6, spray equipment 14, second, third, the 5th, the 6th, the 8th, the 9th, the 11, the 12 valve V2, V3, V5, V6, V8, V9, V11, V12 and the 3rd, the 4th transfer pump 12,13 close.
Under the temporary startup of ABAP Adapter, 10,11 entry into service of the first heat exchanger 1, heat pump 9, transfer pump 15 and first, second transfer pump.Supercritical fluid state working medium in first heat exchanger 1 is by heat pump 9, start supercharging after transfer pump 15 and first fluid carry out heat exchange, if be originally gas-liquid mixed state, being constantly heated rose to more than critical temperature and changed supercritical fluid state into and supercharging, and this supercharging working medium is by first, second transfer pump 10, 11 through first, 7th valve V1, V7 is delivered to the first pressurized container and the second pressurized container 3 continually, in 4, the first pressurized container and the second pressurized container 3, working medium in 4 is again by the 4th, tenth valve V4, V10 covers until all working medium is entirely supercritical fluid state and pressure no longer rises or the rate of climb becomes and is slowly less than setting value, so control gear 8 controls heat pump 9 to the first heat exchanger 1, transfer pump 15, first heat exchanger 1, first, 4th, 7th, tenth valve V1, V4, V7, V10 and first, second transfer pump 10, 11 close, and control gear 8 controls cooling machine set 6 afterwards, spray equipment 14, second heat exchanger 7, 4th transfer pump 13 starts and the 11, 12 valve V11, V12 opens, and in the second heat exchanger, the heat of working medium of 7 is by cooling machine set 6, spray equipment 14 carries out exchange with extraneous second fluid and reaches cooling step-down, then be delivered in the second pressurized container 4 by the 4th transfer pump 13 through the 11 valve V11, working medium in second pressurized container 4 covers working medium by the 12 valve V12 to the second heat exchanger 7 again, until pressure no longer declines or rate of descent becomes and is slowly less than setting value, then control gear 8 controls cooling machine set 6, spray equipment 14, second heat exchanger 7, 4th transfer pump the 13 and the 11, 12 valve V11, V12 closes, and so far this device completes the preparatory work of original state, first, second pressurized container 3, the working medium of different pressure reduction is stored respectively, for promotion hydraulic pressure or air pressure generator are got ready in 4.
Following description be the circulation of this device complete cycle:
Control gear 8 control heat pump 9, transfer pump 15, first heat exchanger 1, cooling machine set 6, spray equipment 14, second heat exchanger 7, first, second, the 4th, the 9th, the 11, the 12 valve V1, V2, V4, V9, V11, V12 open, the first, the 4th transfer pump 10,13 start.Because the temperature difference of the first pressurized container 3 and the second pressurized container 4 causes pressure reduction, in first pressurized container, the high-pressure working medium of 3 begins through the second valve V2 and enters hydraulic pressure or air pressure generator 2 and generating of doing work, the second pressurized container 4 is entered afterwards by the 9th valve V9, pressure reduction between the first pressurized container 3 and the second pressurized container 4 is less than predefined value (substantially reaching balance) time-control apparatus 8 and switches the open/close states of the first to the 12 valve V1-V12 and the start and stop state of first to fourth transfer pump 10-13, and namely first, second, 4th, 9th, 11, 12 valve V1, V2, V4, V9, V11, V12 closedown and first, 4th transfer pump 10, 13 stop, and the 5th, 6th, 7th, tenth valve V5, V6, V7, V10 unlatching and second, 3rd transfer pump 11, 12 start, so the working medium heated in the second pressurized container 4 makes its supercharging the heat inputted by the first heat exchanger 1 from heat pump 9, simultaneously cooling machine set 6 begins through the second heat exchanger 7 working medium in the first pressurized container 3 of freezing and makes its step-down, this moment because hydraulic pressure or air pressure generator 2 temporarily quit work, the electric power of whole device needs outside to provide, and can certainly replace generating to cushion this need for electricity in parallel connection multiple device situations.When in the first pressurized container 3, the pressure of working medium no longer declines, in the second pressurized container 4, the pressure of working medium no longer rises, and control gear 8 controls the 3rd, 8th valve V3, V8 door is opened, high-pressure working medium in second pressurized container 4 begins through after the 8th valve V8 enters hydraulic pressure or air pressure generator 2 acting and enters the first pressurized container 3 through the 3rd valve V3, pressure reduction between the first pressurized container 3 and the second pressurized container 4 is less than predefined value (substantially reaching balance) time-control apparatus 8 and switches the open/close states of the first to the 12 valve V1-V12 and the start and stop state of first to fourth transfer pump 10-13, and namely second, 3rd, 5th, 6th, 7th, 8th, 9th, tenth family of power and influence's door V2, V3, V5, V6, V7, V8, V9, V10 closedown and second, 3rd transfer pump 11, 12 stop, and first, 4th, 11, 12 valve V1, V4, V11, V12 unlatching and first, 4th transfer pump 10, 13 start, so the working medium heated in the first pressurized container 3 makes its supercharging the heat inputted by the first heat exchanger 1 from heat pump 9, simultaneously cooling machine set 6 begins through the second heat exchanger 74 working medium in the second pressurized container of freezing and makes its step-down, this moment because hydraulic pressure or air pressure generator 2 temporarily quit work, the electric power of whole device needs outside to provide, and can certainly replace generating to cushion this need for electricity in parallel connection multiple device situations.When in the first pressurized container 3, the pressure of working medium no longer rises, when in the second pressurized container 4, the pressure of working medium no longer declines, the circulation of system one-period terminates, and starts to enter next work cycle, and so far, native system runs well.
In the present embodiment, supercritical fluid state low boiling working medium at least comprises hydrogen or deuterium or air or nitrogen or oxygen or ozone or carbon dioxide or carbon monoxide or nitrous oxide or nitrogen oxide or hydrogen cloride or methane or ethane or ethene or acetylene or fluorine gas or boron fluoride or diborane or helium or neon or argon gas or Krypton or xenon or the refrigerant of critical temperature below 100 degrees Celsius, because supercritical technology belongs to latest fields, at present be difficult to find critical temperature by general query and be in subzero 270 degree (containing) extremely material density temperature pressure gauge in the supercritical state of (containing) between 1000 degree above freezing, scope roughly can only be calculated by the saturation temperature pressure gauge inquiring about related substances.For carbon dioxide (CO2) wherein, can be found by known carbon dioxide saturation temperature pressure gauge: the critical temperature of carbon dioxide is 31 degrees Celsius above freezing, saturation vapour pressure now has 0.165MPa (A) compared with 30 degrees Celsius above freezing, as long as can calculate that the density of supercritical carbon dioxide fluid is greater than its density at 31 degrees Celsius of saturated vapors above freezing thus, so often raise the pressure reduction that 1 degree Celsius has 0.165MPa (A) at least.Because this device can produce the temperature difference of more than at least 10 degrees Celsius at the first pressurized container 3 and the second pressurized container 4 two ends when first fluid and second fluid do not have the temperature difference, (cooling parameters provided according to Co., Ltd in Bitzer refrigeration technology draws), so this device just at least can produce the pressure of 1.65MPa (A) for generating, thus makes native system have practicability.And this is only the situation when the density of carbon dioxide is only equivalent to it at 31 degrees Celsius of saturated vapor percent consolidations above freezing, in fact this device can adopt the supercritical carbon dioxide fluid of more high density (in theory can no maximum), and the pressure reduction that so each degree Celsius of change brings will be more huge.Thus provide wide feasibility for producing more electric power with minimum temperature difference.It should be noted that above is only with carbon dioxide (CO2) for concrete example illustrates, this logic goes for all critical temperatures of the present invention equally and is in subzero 272 degree (containing) material to (containing) between 100 degree above freezing.Described critical temperature is in subzero 272 degree (containing) and enumerates to species range numerous being difficult to of (containing) between 100 degree above freezing, novel substance may be also had constantly to be continuously created, but at least to comprise hydrogen or deuterium or air or nitrogen or oxygen or ozone or carbon dioxide or carbon monoxide or nitrous oxide or nitrogen oxide or hydrogen cloride or methane or ethane or ethene or acetylene or fluorine gas or boron fluoride or diborane or helium or neon or argon gas or Krypton or xenon or the refrigerant of critical temperature below 100 degrees Celsius.Can select as the case may be in actual commercial application, basic selection principle is: this material is in supercritical state all the time in apparatus of the present invention running and pressure reduction corresponding to the temperature difference is the bigger the better.It should be noted that, heat pump 9 in the present invention, transfer pump 15, first heat exchanger 1, cooling machine set 6, spray equipment 14, second heat exchanger 7, first pressurized container 3, second pressurized container 4, pressure transducer 5, first to fourth transfer pump 10-13 and first can be multiple to the 12 valve V1-V12, to improve the overall output power (certainly, also can increase the output power of system by means of only the increase volume of pressurized container or the power of heat exchange) of native system.Such as shown in Fig. 2, another embodiment of system of the present invention comprises two devices (because its structure and working principle is similar to the above embodiments, so place repeats no more) in parallel., impact owing to may produce the steady running of hydraulic pressure or air pressure generator during valve transfer meanwhile, therefore to be hocketed the impact switching and can reduce hydraulic pressure or air pressure generator by multiple pressurized container.
In addition, it is also to be noted that, when native system also can produce the artificial temperature difference by the work of heat pump and cooling machine set when the temperature of first fluid and second fluid is equal, and richly externally to export because the Energy Efficiency Ratio principle of heat pump and cooling machine set makes the generating of system to produce, this is that the cooling parameters provided according to Co., Ltd in Bitzer refrigeration technology draws, certainly due to the significance of power generating equipment, native system can also select the product of more high energy efficiency ratio to export to obtain more electric power.
In sum, the present invention is in the low boiling working medium of supercritical fluid state to the receptance of normal temperature under utilizing normal temperature, be aided with heat pump and the next artificial manufacture of cooling machine set or expand the temperature difference, thus produce enough pressure reduction in order to generating, and then effectively from air, lake, rivers, energy can be extracted endlessly, possessing can the performance of round-the-clock use, if first, second fluid has the temperature difference to be the generating efficiency being more conducive to apparatus of the present invention certainly certainly, and is that first, second fluid temperature difference is the bigger the better.Such as Northeast China in the winter time, Siberia, the Arctic Ocean or similar severe cold environment, all rivers,lakes and seas have all tied the thick ice of one deck, but the water temperature below ice sheet is at 0 degrees centigrade, even higher.Water so under ice sheet just just defines the huge temperature difference with the air of subzero tens degree on ice sheet.This device is utilized to be enough to be produced as the electric power required for human being's production life.
Again such as in harsh desert region, air may reach more than 40 degrees Celsius, if there is underground water, utilizes the temperature difference of air and underground water also can generate electricity.
Suppose that the air on ocean and sea has the temperature difference, so utilizes this device can provide power for the navigation of boats and ships, realizes real no pollution and zero-emission for another example.
Above-described, be only preferred embodiment of the present invention, and be not used to limit scope of the present invention, the above embodiment of the present invention can also make a variety of changes.Namely every claims according to the present patent application and description are done simple, equivalence change and modify, and all fall into the claims of patent of the present invention.The not detailed description of the present invention be routine techniques content.
Claims (15)
1. an overcritical efficient power generation system, is characterized in that, described system comprises:
At least a set of heat energy input supercharging device, it comprises heat pump and the first heat exchanger, wherein said first internal heat exchanger is full of supercritical state low boiling working medium, first exchanger doubles as the condenser of heat pump simultaneously, heat pump is transferred to self condenser and described first heat exchanger after the first fluid in the external world extracts heat energy, heat exchange is carried out with described supercritical fluid state low boiling working medium to make the supercharging of described supercritical fluid state low boiling working medium in described first heat exchanger, wherein, supercritical state low boiling working medium temperature in the first heat exchanger is all the time higher than critical temperature,
At least a set of cooling dropping equipment, it comprises cooling machine set and the second heat exchanger, wherein said second internal heat exchanger is full of supercritical state low boiling working medium, second heat exchanger doubles as the vaporizer of cooling machine set simultaneously, the refrigerant directly sweat cooling in the second exchanger that cooling machine set second fluid outwardly will liquefy after discharging heat energy, by carrying out heat exchange to make the step-down of described supercritical fluid state low boiling working medium with the supercritical fluid state low boiling working medium in described second heat exchanger, wherein, the temperature of described supercritical fluid state low boiling working medium is all the time greater than or equal to critical temperature,
One hydraulic pressure or air pressure generator;
At least a set of supercritical fluid state low boiling working medium storage device, it comprises:
First pressurized container, it is communicated with described first heat exchanger by the first valve and receives to pass through the first transfer pump when described first valve opening the high-pressure supercritical fluid state low boiling working medium that described first heat exchanger exports, to be connected with described hydraulic pressure or air pressure generator by the second valve and to generate electricity to do work for it to described hydraulic pressure or air pressure generator conveying high-pressure supercritical fluid state low boiling working medium when described second valve opening, to be connected the supercritical fluid state low boiling working medium exported to receive described hydraulic pressure or air pressure generator when described 3rd valve opening with described hydraulic pressure or air pressure generator by the 3rd valve, by the 4th valve to be communicated with described first heat exchanger with when described 4th valve opening to described first heat exchanger loopback supercritical fluid state low boiling working medium, to be communicated with the supercritical fluid state low boiling working medium after receiving described second cools down by the 3rd transfer pump when described 5th valve opening with described second heat exchanger by the 5th valve, also by the 6th valve be communicated with described second heat exchanger with when described 6th valve opening to described second heat exchanger loopback supercritical fluid state low boiling working medium,
Second pressurized container, it is communicated with described first heat exchanger by the 7th valve and receives to pass through the second transfer pump when described 7th valve opening the high-pressure supercritical fluid state low boiling working medium that described first heat exchanger exports, to be connected with described hydraulic pressure or air pressure generator by the 8th valve and to generate electricity to do work for it to described hydraulic pressure or air pressure generator conveying high-pressure supercritical fluid state low boiling working medium when described 8th valve opening, to be connected the supercritical fluid state low boiling working medium exported to receive described hydraulic pressure or air pressure generator when described 9th valve opening with described hydraulic pressure or air pressure generator by the 9th valve, by the tenth valve to be communicated with described first heat exchanger with when described tenth valve opening to described first heat exchanger loopback supercritical fluid state low boiling working medium, to be communicated with the supercritical fluid state low boiling working medium after receiving described second cools down by the 4th transfer pump when described 11 valve opening with described second heat exchanger by the 11 valve, also by the 12 valve be communicated with described second heat exchanger with when described 12 valve opening to described second heat exchanger loopback supercritical fluid state low boiling working medium, and
Two pressure transducers being separately positioned on described first pressurized container and the second pressure vessel bottom, it detects the pressure of supercritical fluid state low boiling working medium in described first pressurized container and the second pressurized container, and delivery pressure numerical signal;
One control gear, it controls described heat pump, first heat exchanger, cooling machine set, the start and stop of the second heat exchanger and first to fourth transfer pump, and the keying controlling described first to the 12 valve is to make wherein said first, the keying of the 4th valve is identical with the start and stop state of the first transfer pump, and the described 5th, the keying of the 6th valve is identical with the start and stop state of the 3rd transfer pump, and the described 7th, the keying of the tenth valve is identical with the start and stop state of the second transfer pump, and the described 11, the keying of the 12 valve is identical with the start and stop state of the 4th transfer pump, and described second, the open/close states of the 9th valve is identical, and the described 3rd, the open/close states of the 8th valve is identical, and described first, the keying of the 4th valve and the start and stop state of the first transfer pump and the described 5th, the keying of the 6th valve and the start and stop state of the 3rd transfer pump are contrary, and the described 7th, the keying of the tenth valve and the start and stop state of the second transfer pump and the described 11, the keying of the 12 valve and the start and stop state of the 4th transfer pump are contrary, and described second, the open/close states of the 9th valve and the described 3rd, the open/close states of the 8th valve is contrary, described control gear also receives the pressure value signal that described pressure transducer exports, and it is compared with predetermined threshold value, the open/close states of described first to the 12 valve and first to fourth transfer pump is switched when the pressure value of described supercritical fluid state low boiling working medium reaches predetermined threshold value,
Wherein, described first pressurized container and the second pressurized container in an initial condition accommodated inside have supercritical fluid state low boiling working medium, gas-liquid mixed state when this supercritical fluid state low boiling working medium can be below critical temperature, also can be directly supercritical fluid state, and described control gear control in the initial condition described heat pump, the first heat exchanger, cooling machine set, the second heat exchanger, first, the 4th, the 7th, the tenth valve and first, second transfer pump open.
2. overcritical efficient power generation system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, when described first fluid is gas, the vaporizer of described heat pump is fan-type heat exchanger.
3. overcritical efficient power generation system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, when described first fluid is liquid, the vaporizer of described heat pump is plate type heat exchanger.
4. overcritical efficient power generation system according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described heat pump system also comprises the transmission pump be connected with described evaporator with heat pump to provide described first fluid to it.
5. overcritical efficient power generation system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, when described second fluid is gas, the condenser of described cooling machine set is fan-type heat exchanger.
6. overcritical efficient power generation system according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described fan-type heat exchanger has the entry port entered for described second fluid, at described entry port place, water spray system is housed.
7. overcritical efficient power generation system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, when described second fluid is liquid, the condenser of described cooling machine set is plate type heat exchanger.
8. overcritical efficient power generation system according to claim 7, is characterized in that, described refrigerator assembly unit also comprises the transmission pump be connected with described cooling machine set condenser to provide described second fluid to it.
9. overcritical efficient power generation system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, first, second heat exchanger described is tubular exchanger or plate heat exchanger.
10. overcritical efficient power generation system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, when described supercritical fluid state low boiling working medium density selects hydraulic generator close to generator during liquid.
11. overcritical efficient power generation systems according to claim 1, is characterized in that, when described supercritical fluid state low boiling working medium density selects air pressure generator wherein at least to comprise steam turbine close to generator during gas.
12. overcritical efficient power generation systems according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described hydraulic pressure or air pressure generator are also connected to power to it with described heat pump, cooling machine set, the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger, first to fourth transmission pump, the first to the 12 valve and control gear.
13. overcritical efficient power generation systems according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described supercritical fluid state low boiling working medium is the material that its critical temperature is in the scope of subzero more than 270 degree to 100 degree above freezing.
14. overcritical efficient power generation systems according to claim 13, it is characterized in that, described supercritical fluid state low boiling working medium at least comprises hydrogen or deuterium or air or nitrogen or oxygen or ozone or carbon dioxide or carbon monoxide or nitrous oxide or nitrogen oxide or hydrogen cloride or methane or ethane or ethene or acetylene or fluorine gas or boron fluoride or diborane or helium or neon or argon gas or Krypton or xenon or the refrigerant of critical temperature below 100 degrees Celsius.
15. overcritical efficient power generation systems according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described first to the 12 valve is solenoid valve or pneumatic valve.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2016078566A1 (en) * | 2014-11-19 | 2016-05-26 | 郭颂玮 | Supercritical fluid power system and control method therefor |
| CN105820842A (en) * | 2016-05-19 | 2016-08-03 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Gasification supercritical CO2 cycle power generation system |
| CN106761987A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-05-31 | 唐文庆 | A kind of method of improve generating efficiency |
| CN107345490A (en) * | 2016-05-05 | 2017-11-14 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心鄂尔多斯固体废弃物资源化工程技术研究所 | Air energy power system |
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2014
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2016078566A1 (en) * | 2014-11-19 | 2016-05-26 | 郭颂玮 | Supercritical fluid power system and control method therefor |
| US10487698B2 (en) | 2014-11-19 | 2019-11-26 | Songwei GUO | Supercritical fluid power system and control method therefor |
| CN107345490A (en) * | 2016-05-05 | 2017-11-14 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心鄂尔多斯固体废弃物资源化工程技术研究所 | Air energy power system |
| CN105820842A (en) * | 2016-05-19 | 2016-08-03 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Gasification supercritical CO2 cycle power generation system |
| CN105820842B (en) * | 2016-05-19 | 2018-10-09 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | A kind of coal gasification supercritical CO2Cycle generating system |
| CN106761987A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-05-31 | 唐文庆 | A kind of method of improve generating efficiency |
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