CN101705844A

CN101705844A - Power generating system of coal-gas turbine without carbon emission and method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN101705844A
Application number: CN200910186671A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 熊正毅; 杨成凡; 刘星辰; 熊馗; 桂泽文; 熊翠微; 严爱国; 杨青华; 杨威; 毛春; 熊翠岚
Original assignee: 熊正毅
Current assignee: Huang Guorong
Priority date: 2009-12-10
Filing date: 2009-12-10
Publication date: 2010-05-12

Abstract

The invention relates to a power generating system of a coal-gas turbine without carbon emission and a method thereof. The system comprises a coal-gas turbine combined cycle power generating subsystem and a subsystem for preparing CO2 into dry ice. The method comprises the steps of injecting pure oxygen and CO2 into a fluidized-bed boiler, then injecting pure oxygen into a combustion chamber of the coal-gas turbine, converting all CO in coal gas into CO2 and preventing generation of oxides of nitrogen, and absorbing the CO2 and then compressing and preparing CO2 into dry ice, thus realizing zero emission of CO2. The power generating system of the coal-gas turbine and the method thereof have the advantages of advanced performance of environment protection, high comprehensive utilization rate and good economical efficiency.

Description

The power generating system of coal-gas turbine of no CO2 emission and method

One. technical field

The present invention relates to field of environment protection. it is the coal fired boiler blower in the conventional coal generating system to be sent into air change into and send into pure oxygen and CO ₂Coal is fully burnt, and do not have nitrogen oxide and generate and to make it all become CO ₂, collect CO then ₂Utilization makes it the method for zero-emission, the CO that produces in its tail gas based on coal-gas turbine generating discharge ₂Make chemical product (dry ice, chemical fertilizer etc.).The method comprises generating, chemical product production method.

Two. background technique

Technology related to the present invention mainly comprises at present: power generating system of coal-gas turbine, CO ₂Treatment technology, chemical product are produced it, and development situation and feature are as follows separately:

1. power generating system of coal-gas turbine is based on the coal-fired gas technology that produces of fluidized bed boiler. with the generating of combustion gas propelling gas turbine engine, utilize high-temperature exhaust air in exhaust heat boiler, to produce the generating of steam driving steam turbine again.Because what send into boiler is that tail gas that pressurized air burning back produces is one and had both contained CO ₂, mixed tail gas such as nitrogen oxide are difficult to CO ₂Separate.

2. carbon dioxide treatment technology in the power generating system of coal-gas turbine tail gas of discharging: a large amount of dischargings of carbon dioxide cause that the problem of global warming is serious day by day, and heat energy power-generating produces a large amount of CO ₂Be to cause CO in the atmosphere ₂The basic reason that increases. therefore in the coal-gas turbine power generation process, effectively utilize and handle CO ₂Be the ten minutes key technology. and the CO that gas turbine power generation at present produces in combustion back, firing chamber ₂, be owing to be to introduce air burning, the CO in the smoke evacuation ₂By gas dilutions such as nitrogen oxides. make CO ₂It is very low that concentration becomes, and intractability is big. as handle this part CO ₂Need to consume a large amount of energy consumptions. uneconomical economically.

Three. summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is to overcome the worn-out end in the power generating system of coal-gas turbine production, solve CO ₂Waste gas is to the pollution of atmosphere.

1. the objective of the invention is to utilize in the coal-gas turbine power generation process. introduce pure oxygen and make it produce a large amount of CO ₂By Physical Absorption system and CO ₂Compress and liquefy production chemical product K (as dry ice, carbonic hydroammonium, chemical fertilizer or the like.)

2. for obtaining the CO of capacity ₂. in for gas turbine combustion coal gas, supply pure oxygen, make CO perfect combustion formation CO in the coal gas ₂. produce a large amount of waste heats simultaneously. obtain the high temperature saturated vapor through exhaust heat boiler and come the pushing turbine generating, the tail steam also can be for the city heat supply heating; Because for pure oxygen, it is to obtain through supercharging from air separation facility to the firing chamber.

3. for preventing from fluidized bed boiler burning, to produce harmful gas such as nitrogen oxide, also send into CO when introducing pure oxygen ₂Gas is removed tail gas and is absorbed CO ₂By the difficult problem of gas dilutions such as nitrogen oxide.

Purpose of the present invention can realize by following measure:

No CO ₂The power generating system of coal-gas turbine of discharging, this system comprises air separation facility A, oxygen pressurized machine B, fluidized bed boiler C, firing chamber D, cooling jacket E, gas turbine F, exhaust heat boiler G, steam turbine H, CO ₂Physical Absorption I, CO ₂Compression J, chemical product K. wherein air separation facility A links to each other with firing chamber D again with fluidized bed boiler C through oxygen pressure-increasing machine B simultaneously, the coal gas that fluidized bed boiler C produces enters pure oxygen that firing chamber D and air separation facility A supply with and fully burns and produce high-temperature high-pressure air flow propelling gas turbine engine F and generate electricity, wherein, the operating temperature of alleviating gas turbine F enters exhaust heat boiler G after cooling water is heated for feeding, the high temperature saturated vapour pushing turbine H generating of its backheat, its waste heat can be for the city heating; (5) CO in the gas turbine F tail gas ₂Feed back to fluidized bed boiler C through a Physical Absorption I part, remaining makes CO through liquefaction compression J production chemical product K ₂All transform and realize CO ₂Zero-emission.

Four. technological scheme

Purpose of the present invention can also be come reality by following measure:

No CO ₂The power generating system of coal-gas turbine and the method for discharging comprises the steps: that (1) is from fluidized bed boiler supply coal gas C:(2) obtain pure oxygen from air separation facility A through supercharging; (3) cooling water enters the cooling jacket E of firing chamber D; (4) entering pure oxygen that the coal gas of firing chamber D and air separation facility A supply with fully burns and produces high-temperature high-pressure air flow propelling gas turbine engine F generating, wherein, the operating temperature of alleviating gas turbine F enters exhaust heat boiler G after cooling water is heated for feeding, the high temperature saturated vapour pushing turbine H generating of its backheat, its waste heat can be for the city heating; (5) CO in the gas turbine F tail gas ₂Again through liquefaction compression J production chemical product K, (6) are CO partly through Physical Absorption I ₂Return and send into fluidized bed boiler C again.

The present invention compared with prior art has following advantage:

1, the present invention organically is combined into circulating generation and chemical product K, has made full use of intrasystem resource, reality the high efficiency of system, the superior feature of environmental protection and good and economic.

2. the present invention adopts pure oxygen for the coal burning in the fluidized bed boiler, sends into CO simultaneously again ₂, prevent that the nitrogen oxide that is harmful to from producing, and makes tail gas both not have CO ₂, discharging does not have harmful discharged nitrous oxides again, has improved the environmental protection quality greatly.

3. the present invention adopts pure oxygen and gas firing for the gas turbine work done, has improved exerting oneself of generator, produces a large amount of CO again ₂, after absorbing, make chemical product K (dry ice). and solved CO ₂Zero-emission obtains this advanced novel combination of chemical product K. again and has improved whole economic benefit and social benefit.

4. the present invention sends into firing chamber G by air separation facility A through the pure oxygen of oxygen pressurized machine B, can also save the gas compressor of gas turbine prime, the cost that has reduced the combustion machine helps improving the stability and the safety reliability of unit operation again. and also increase generated output, increased the heat circulation and both helped the combustion gas cooling at firing chamber increase water-cooled overcoat.

5. the present invention is fuel with coal not only, and can adopt other fuel, as living beings, petroleum coke, residual oil, municipal waste etc., has good fuel tolerance.

Five. description of drawings

Fig. 1 no CO of the present invention ₂The power generating system of coal-gas turbine of discharging and the flow chart of method

Six. specific embodiment: as shown in Figure 1

The present invention includes the combined cycle generation subtense angle, CO ₂The process for producing subtense angle. A-air separation facility in this system, B-oxygen pressurized machine, the C-fluidized bed boiler, the D-firing chamber, the E-cooling jacket, the F-gas turbine, the G-exhaust heat boiler, the H-steam turbine,, I-CO ₂Physical Absorption, J-CO ₂Compression, the K-chemical product.

Present embodiment provides a kind of coal-gas turbine power generation sub-system of the CO2 of nothing discharging, this system comprises air separation facility A, oxygen pressurized machine B, fluidized bed boiler C, cooling jacket E, firing chamber D, gas turbine F, exhaust heat boiler G, steam turbine H. wherein cooling water send into exhaust heat boiler G by cooling jacket E and utilize heat exchange to produce the high pressure saturated vapor; Form high pressure high temperature vapor pushing turbine H generating.

Present embodiment also provides a kind of CO ₂The process for producing subtense angle: this system comprises I-CO ₂Physical Absorption, J-CO ₂Compression.

Present embodiment also provides a kind of inhibition and generation chemical product K (as system dry ice, chemical fertilizer or the like) subtense angle: this system comprises the CO after the gas turbine work done ₂Physical Absorption I and CO ₂Compressed J links to each other with chemical product K.

The flow process of this method following (with reference to Fig. 1)

Oxygen 1 enters firing chamber D through supercharging 2 and enters fluidized bed boiler C simultaneously, the coal gas 3 that fluidized bed boiler produces enters firing chamber D, cooling water 4 enters the cooling jacket E of firing chamber D, coal gas 3 produces high-temperature high-pressure fuel gas 7 propelling gas turbine engine F generating with pure oxygen in firing chamber D burning back, the tail gas 8 of its generation enters exhaust heat boiler G, CO in the tail gas ₂Feed back to fluidized bed boiler C by a Physical Absorption I part 14, the CO of all the other absorptions ₂11 send into and compress and liquefy J, liquid CO ₂Make dry ice K, the high pressure steam 9 that exhaust heat boiler G produces is used for pushing turbine H generating, and the tail steam 10 of outflow can supply urban heat supplying, and cooling water 4 injects its steam 6 input exhaust heat boilers heating of producing of firing chamber D cooling jacket E, for the generation high temperature and high pressure steam.

This method embodiment adopts coal. and it has related parameter as follows:

Coal consumption amount 19.20 (Kg/s)

Gas turbine power generation 21.2 ten thousand KW steam turbine power generations 12.3 ten thousand KW

Air separation facility wasted work 2.1 ten thousand KW CO ₂Compressor wasted work 1.4 ten thousand KW

Can supply generated energy 300,000 KW CO ₂The recovery rate 100%.

Claims

1. there is not CO ₂The power generating system of coal-gas turbine of discharging, this system comprises air separation facility A, oxygen pressurized machine B, fluidized bed boiler C, firing chamber D, cooling jacket E, gas turbine F, exhaust heat boiler G, steam turbine H, CO ₂Physical absorption I, CO ₂Compression J, chemical product K, it is characterized in that air separation facility A links to each other with firing chamber D with fluidized bed boiler C through oxygen pressure-increasing machine B, entering firing chamber D through the pure oxygen after the oxygen supercharging at fluidized bed boiler C generation coal gas links to each other with propelling gas turbine engine F behind the pure oxygen burning again, tail gas enters exhaust heat boiler G and heats the high pressure saturated vapor pushing turbine H that sent here by firing chamber cooling jacket E again and link to each other, and the tail steam can be sent to urban heat supplying; Also be included in firing chamber D in this system and link to each other, after Physical Absorption I separates and CO with exhaust heat boiler G ₂Compression J links to each other, and links to each other with chemical product K again, makes CO ₂All transform, realize CO ₂Zero-emission.

2. no CO as claimed in claim 1 ₂The power generating system of coal-gas turbine of discharging, its feature is that also oxygen pressurized machine B not only links to each other with fluidized bed boiler C but also links to each other with firing chamber D, Physical Absorption I was both and CO ₂Compression J links to each other and links to each other with fluidized bed boiler C again.

3. there is not CO ₂The coal-gas turbine electricity-generating method of discharging comprises the steps: that (1) obtains pure oxygen from air separation facility A through the oxygen supercharging; (2) pure oxygen and carbon dioxide are sent into fluidized bed boiler C and are obtained coal gas; (3) cooling water enters the cooling jacket E of firing chamber D; (4) entering pure oxygen that the coal gas of firing chamber D and air separation facility A supply with fully burns and produces high-temperature high-pressure air flow propelling gas turbine engine F generating, wherein, the operating temperature of alleviating gas turbine F enters exhaust heat boiler G for feeding cooling water, the high temperature saturated vapour pushing turbine H generating of its backheat, its waste heat can be for the city heating; (5) CO in the gas turbine F tail gas ₂Through Physical Absorption I, a part feeds back to fluidized bed boiler C, remaining CO ₂Supply production chemical product K through liquefaction compression J again, make CO ₂All realize zero-emission.

4. no CO as claimed in claim 3 ₂The coal-gas turbine electricity-generating method of discharging is characterized in that further comprising the steps of: (1) cooling water injects the cooling jacket E of firing chamber D, and (2) steam after cooling jacket E heat absorption is also sent into exhaust heat boiler G, effectively utilizes this heat energy.

5. no CO as claimed in claim 3 ₂The coal-gas turbine electricity-generating method of discharging, its feature also is CO ₂Send into fluidized bed boiler C, prevent that nitrogen oxide from producing.

6. no CO as claimed in claim 3 ₂The coal-gas turbine electricity-generating method of discharging is fuel with coal not only, can also select at least a in living beings, municipal waste, petroleum coke, the residual oil for use.