CN105820152B - 2,2’-二芳基-3,3’-联二噻吩衍生物、合成方法及其应用 - Google Patents
2,2’-二芳基-3,3’-联二噻吩衍生物、合成方法及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种2,2’‑二芳基‑3,3’‑联二噻吩衍生物、合成方法及其应用。本发明的衍生物通过将2,2’‑二溴‑3,3’‑联二噻吩和芳基硼酸酯底物Ar‑B(OH)2发生Suzuki偶联反应得到;其中:所述Ar为苯基,取代的苯基、1‑萘基、2‑萘基或蒽基。它们具有良好的光学性能,可作为有机小分子光电材料,应用于有机染料、染料敏化太阳能电池、有机发光二极管、有机场效应晶体管和有机半导体材料领域。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于有机合成技术领域,具体的说,涉及2,2’-二芳基-3,3’-联二噻吩衍生物、合成方法及其应用。
背景技术
噻吩是一种富电子的五元芳杂环,其电子的流动性大,具有独特的光学性质和电子传输能力。自20世纪70年代后,随着光电材料研究的迅猛发展,噻吩类化合物因其掺杂后具有良好的稳定性、易修饰等特点,受到了广泛的关注。其中,具有对称结构的3,3’-联二噻吩衍生物能够实现对噻吩骨架上电子双向传输能力的有效调控,同时延伸了噻吩环上π键的有效共轭长度。此外,其光谱响应带宽阔、摩尔消光系数高,能够实现对光子的有效吸收,因而在光电材料方面应用广泛。
肖英勃报道了式-1所示聚合物,它可制成高性能的发光器件(式-1,材料导报,2008,22(6),118)。
王华等人报道了5,5’-二辛基-2,2’-联二噻吩并[2,3-b:3’,2’-d]噻吩的合成和光学性能做了研究。该化合物可制成高稳定性、高迁移率的有机半导体材料(式-2,Journalof Henan University(Natural Science),2011,41(3),262)。
郭坤鹏等人报道了式-3所示的可作为荧光材料的线性噻吩化合物。(式-3,Dyesand Pigments,2015,115,166)。
夏养君报道了可作为光电材料的二噻并[2,3-d:2’,3’-d’]萘并[1,2-b:3,4-b’]二噻吩衍生物及共轭聚合物(式-4,中国专利申请201410128424.6)。
宫肋敦久等公开了可作为有机半导体材料、有机晶体管的苯并噻吩并苯并噻吩衍生物(式-5,中国专利申请201380057558.7)。
沈平等报道了可作为染料敏化太阳能电池的4个有机化合物(式-6,Dyes andPigments,2012,92,1042)。
此外,李春丽等公开了可作为光电功能材料的非对称二噻吩并噻咯衍生物(式-7,中国专利申请,201210003661.0)。
近期刘锋课题组对以下两个含噻吩结构的化合物在太阳能电池方面的应用做了相关的研究,它们具有良好的光电性能(式-8,ACS Appl.Mater.Interfaces 2016,8(6),3661-3668)。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于公开一种新的具有良好光电性能的2,2’-二芳基-3,3’-联二噻吩衍生物、合成方法及其应用。
本发明的技术方案具体介绍如下。
本发明提供一种2,2’-二芳基-3,3’-联二噻吩衍生物,其结构如式(Ⅰ)所示:
其中:Ar为取代的苯基、1-萘基、2-萘基或蒽基。优选的,所述取代的苯基为一个或者两个位置独立的被CH3,OCH3,NO2,NH2,F,C、B或芳基取代的苯基。
本发明还提供一种上述2,2’-二芳基-3,3’-联二噻吩衍生物的合成方法,其通过将2,2’-二溴-3,3’-联二噻吩和芳基硼酸酯底物Ar-B(OH)2发生Suzuki偶联反应得到;其中:所述Ar为苯基,取代的苯基、1-萘基、2-萘基或蒽基。
优选的,Suzuki偶联反应中,通过对比K2CO3、CH3COOK、Cs2CO3、NaOH、CH3CH2ONa、和n-BuLi后,碱采用强度适中的K2CO3。
本发明还提供一种上述2,2’-二芳基-3,3’-联二噻吩衍生物作为有机小分子材料。
和现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果在于:
(1)化合物的合成方法较简单,涉及的药品均为商品化的产品,方便易得且价格低廉。
(2)2,2’-二芳基-3,3’-联二噻吩衍生物具有光稳定性好、光谱响应带宽、摩尔消光系数高,合成容易等特点。可应用于有机小分子光电材料领域。
附图说明
图1为实施例6的荧光谱图。
图2为实施例7的荧光谱图。
图3为实施例8的荧光谱图。
具体实施方式
本发明各实施例中用到的THF、Pd(PPh3)4、Ar-B(OH)2等药品和试剂均购买自上海思域化工科技有限公司。
本发明各实施例中所用的设备及生产厂家的信息如下:
搅拌器为:上海梅颖浦MYPII-2恒温磁力搅拌器;
循环水泵为:上海豫康循环多用真空泵SHB-IIIA;
旋转蒸发仪为:上海豫康旋转蒸发仪W.S 206B;
油泵为:上海豫康2XZ-2型旋片式真空泵;
紫外检测器:上海凤凰科仪UV1900;
荧光检测器:日立荧光Hitachi F-4600。
Suzuki反应:100mL的烧瓶中依次加入2,2’-二溴-3,3’-联二噻吩(1.20mmol),Pd(PPh3)4(0.072mmol),芳基硼酸化合物(2.64mmol)和碳酸钾(7.20mmol)和THF(32mL),回流至TLC检测原料反应完全。滴加少量盐酸淬灭反应,减压除去THF,乙酸乙酯(3×20mL)萃取,10%的碳酸氢钠溶液洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥分液后的有机相,减压浓缩有机相,硅胶柱层析分离得到纯产品(展开剂为不同比例的乙酸乙酯和石油醚混合液)。化学方程式如下所示:
R=CH3,OCH3,NO2,NH2,F,Cl,Br,Ar
UV-vis的具体操作为:将每个化合物配制成浓度为10-5M的氯仿稀溶液,用2支容积为3ML内径宽度为1cm的石英比色皿分别装入2/3体积的氯仿空白对照样和待测样,将其放入已经基线校准后的紫外检测器中。设置光谱扫描范围为200-500nm,扫描步长为1nm,然后选择开始,待扫描完成后保存相应的谱图并做好记录。
荧光检测器的具体操作为:打开检测器电源,让仪器预热15min,打开氘灯,根据UV-vis测试的谱图信息设置相应的激发波长。将每个化合物配制成浓度为10-5M的氯仿稀溶液,用1支容积为3ML内径宽度为1cm的石英比色皿装入2/3体积的待测样,放入检测器中,然后选择扫描发射光谱并设置对应的激发波长,待扫描完成后再用最大的发射波长回扫激发光谱,重复上述操作直到对应的最大激发波长和发射波长无差别为止。最后,保存相应的谱图和数据。
实施例1
化合物2,2’-二(1-萘基)-3,3’-联二噻吩。
高分辨质谱理论值:418.0801,实测值:418.0803。
1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3,ppm)δ7.76(d,J=8.1Hz,2H),7.64(d,J=8.1Hz,2H),7.54(d,J=8.3Hz,2H),7.42(t,J=7.4Hz,2H),7.27(d,J=7.1Hz,2H),7.23(d,J=5.3Hz,2H),7.18(t,J=7.6Hz,2H),7.00(d,J=5.3Hz,4H).
13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3,ppm)δ137.28,134.75,133.56,131.90,131.81,129.39,128.78,128.18,127.92,125.87,125.76,125.58,125.01,124.67。
实施例2
化合物2,2’-二[(4-甲氧基)-苯基]-3,3’-联二噻吩。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3,ppm)δ7.18(d,J=5.2Hz,2H),7.14(d,J=8.6Hz,4H),6.84(d,J=5.1Hz,2H),6.76(d,J=8.6Hz,4H),3.80(s,6H).
13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3,ppm)δ158.83,139.76,132.16,130.68,129.67,127.74,126.94,123.08,114.16,113.74,55.27。
高分辨质谱理论值:378.0712,实测值:378.0711。
紫外可见光最大吸收波长:325nm。
荧光光谱最大发射波长:397nm。
Stokes位移:5580cm-1。
实施例3
化合物2,2’-二(3-联苯基)-3,3’-联二噻吩。
1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3,ppm)δ7.40(t,J=10.4Hz,6H),7.36(d,J=9.1Hz,10H),7.24(t,J=7.6Hz,2H),7.14(d,J=7.8Hz,2H),7.09(d,J=5.2Hz,2H).
13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3,ppm)δ141.02,140.75,140.02,134.61,133.12,130.72,128.72,128.70,127.35,127.30,127.27,127.07,125.81,124.24。
高分辨质谱理论值:470.1212,实测值:470.1214。
紫外可见光最大吸收波长:310nm。
荧光光谱最大发射波长:390nm。
Stokes位移:6617cm-1。
实施例4
化合物2,2’-二[(3-硝基)-苯基]-3,3’-联二噻吩。
1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3,ppm)δ7.96(dt,J=7.2,2.2Hz,2H),7.73(t,J=1.8Hz,2H),7.48(d,J=5.2Hz,2H),7.31–7.23(m,4H),7.14(d,J=5.2Hz,2H)。
高分辨质谱理论值:408.0222,实测值:408.0225。
紫外可见光最大吸收波长:357nm。
荧光光谱最大发射波长:434nm。
Stokes位移:6810cm-1。
实施例5
化合物2,2’-二[(3-氨基)-苯基]-3,3’-联二噻吩。
核磁共振氢谱数据为:1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3,ppm)δ7.19(d,J=5.0Hz,2H),7.03(t,J=7.7Hz,2H),6.84(d,J=5.1Hz,2H),6.69(d,J=7.6Hz,2H),6.59–6.53(m,4H),3.58(s,4H)。
高分辨质谱理论值:348.0823,实测值:348.0824。
紫外可见光最大吸收波长:305nm。
荧光光谱最大发射波长:418nm。
实施例6
化合物2,2’-二[(3-甲氧基)-苯基]-3,3’-联二噻吩。
1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3,ppm)δ7.27(d,J=5.1Hz,2H),7.12(t,J=7.9Hz,2H),6.95(d,J=5.1Hz,2H),6.80(d,J=7.5Hz,2H),6.76(d,J=8.2Hz,2H),6.69(s,2H),3.65(s,6H)。
高分辨质谱理论值:378.0712,实测值:378.0714。
图1为实施例6的荧光谱图。
紫外可见光最大吸收波长:331nm。
荧光光谱最大发射波长:390nm。
实施例7
化合物2,2’-二(4-溴-苯基)-3,3’-联二噻吩。
1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3,ppm)δ7.32–7.27(m,6H),6.96(d,J=5.2Hz,2H),6.91(d,J=8.4Hz,4H)。
高分辨质谱理论值:473.8721,实测值:473.8723。
图2为实施例7的荧光谱图。
紫外可见光最大吸收波长:328nm。
荧光光谱最大发射波长:394nm。
Stokes位移:5180cm-1。
实施例8
化合物2,2’-二(4-联苯基)-3,3’-联二噻吩。
1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3,ppm)δ7.60–7.54(m,4H),7.45(t,J=7.7Hz,4H),7.42(d,J=8.3Hz,4H),7.36(t,J=7.4Hz,2H),7.30(d,J=5.2Hz,2H),7.24(d,J=8.3Hz,4H),6.99(d,J=5.2Hz,2H)。
高分辨质谱理论值:470.1231,实测值:470.1229。
图3为实施例8的荧光谱图。
紫外可见光最大吸收波长:329nm。
荧光光谱最大发射波长:408nm。
Stokes位移:5886cm-1。
实施例9
化合物2,2’-二[(2-甲氧基)-苯基]-3,3’-联二噻吩,高分辨质谱理论值:378.0712,实测值:378.0715。
实施例10
化合物2,2’-二[(2-甲基)-苯基]-3,3’-联二噻吩,高分辨质谱理论值:346.0805,实测值:346.0808。
实施例11
化合物2,2’-二[(3-甲氧基)-苯基]-3,3’-联二噻吩,高分辨质谱理论值:378.0713,实测值:378.0716。
实施例12
化合物2,2’-二[(4-甲基)-苯基]-3,3’-联二噻吩,高分辨质谱理论值:346.0805,实测值:346.0808。
实施例13
化合物2,2’-二[(4-硝基)-苯基]-3,3’-联二噻吩,高分辨质谱理论值:408.0222,实测值:408.0227。
实施例14
化合物2,2’-二[(2-硝基)-苯基]-3,3’-联二噻吩,高分辨质谱理论值:408.0222,实测值:408.0225。
实施例15
化合物2,2’-二[(2-氨基)-苯基]-3,3’-联二噻吩,高分辨质谱理论值:348.0801,实测值:348.0803。
实施例16
化合物2,2’-二[(4-氨基)-苯基]-3,3’-联二噻吩,高分辨质谱理论值:348.0801,实测值:348.0805。
实施例17
化合物2,2’-二(2-氟-苯基)-3,3’-联二噻吩,高分辨质谱理论值:354.0331,实测值:354.0329。
实施例18
化合物2,2’-二(3-氟-苯基)-3,3’-联二噻吩,高分辨质谱理论值:354.0331,实测值:354.0334。
实施例19
化合物2,2’-二(4-氟-苯基)-3,3’-联二噻吩,高分辨质谱理论值:354.0331,实测值:354.0333。
实施例20
化合物2,2’-二(2-氯-苯基)-3,3’-联二噻吩,高分辨质谱理论值:385.9821,实测值:385.9824。
实施例21
化合物2,2’-二(3-氯-苯基)-3,3’-联二噻吩,高分辨质谱理论值:385.9821,实测值:385.9823。
实施例22
化合物2,2’-二(4-氯-苯基)-3,3’-联二噻吩,高分辨质谱理论值:385.9821,实测值:385.9818。
实施例23
化合物2,2’-二(2-溴-苯基)-3,3’-联二噻吩,高分辨质谱理论值:473.8710,实测值:473.8714。
实施例24
化合物2,2’-二(3-溴-苯基)-3,3’-联二噻吩,高分辨质谱理论值:473.8710,实测值:473.8715。
实施例25
化合物2,2’-二(2-联苯基)-3,3’-联二噻吩,高分辨质谱理论值:470.1212,实测值:470.1210。
实施例26
化合物2,2’-二[(3-甲基)-苯基]-3,3’-联二噻吩,高分辨质谱理论值:346.0805,实测值:346.0807。
实施例27
化合物2,2’-二[(2,3-二溴)-苯基]-3,3’-联二噻吩,高分辨质谱理论值:629.7010,实测值:629.7013。
实施例28
化合物2,2’-二[(2,4-二溴)-苯基]-3,3’-联二噻吩,高分辨质谱理论值:629.7010,实测值:629.7012。
实施例29
化合物2,2’-二[(2,5-二溴)-苯基]-3,3’-联二噻吩,高分辨质谱理论值:629.7010,实测值:629.7015。实施例30
化合物2,2’-二[(2,6-二溴)-苯基]-3,3’-联二噻吩,高分辨质谱理论值:629.7010,实测值:629.7012。
实施例31
化合物2,2’-二[(3,4-二溴)-苯基]-3,3’-联二噻吩,高分辨质谱理论值:629.7010,实测值:629.7008。
实施例32
化合物2,2’-二[(3,5-二溴)-苯基]-3,3’-联二噻吩,高分辨质谱理论值:629.7010,实测值:629.7013。
本发明的化合物在氯仿溶液中呈现出蓝绿色;各化合物的荧光最大发射波长在390-434nm之间,处于青、蓝色光范围。这些化合物在室温或太阳光照射条件下放置长时间不变色。这些化合物光谱响应带宽阔(在240-700nm均有光谱信号),并且具有高摩尔消光系数,能够实现对光子的有效吸收。因此这些化合物可作为有机小分子光电材料,应用于有机染料、染料敏化太阳能电池、有机发光二极管、有机场效应晶体管和有机半导体材料领域。
Claims (2)
1.一种2,2’-二芳基-3,3’-联二噻吩衍生物,其特征在于,其结构如式(Ⅰ)所示:
其中:Ar为取代的苯基:其中:所述取代的苯基为4-Br或4-苯基取代的苯基。
2.一种如权利要求1所述的2,2’-二芳基-3,3’-联二噻吩衍生物在有机染料、染料敏化太阳能电池、有机发光二极管、有机场效应晶体管和有机半导体材料领域的应用。
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