CN105814017A - 2-巯基乙醇的氧化 - Google Patents
2-巯基乙醇的氧化 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105814017A CN105814017A CN201480067275.5A CN201480067275A CN105814017A CN 105814017 A CN105814017 A CN 105814017A CN 201480067275 A CN201480067275 A CN 201480067275A CN 105814017 A CN105814017 A CN 105814017A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- ferrum
- iii
- iron
- ferric
- amine
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- DGVVWUTYPXICAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N β‐Mercaptoethanol Chemical compound OCCS DGVVWUTYPXICAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 title claims description 13
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 204
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- KYNFOMQIXZUKRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2'-dithiodiethanol Chemical compound OCCSSCCO KYNFOMQIXZUKRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 43
- -1 (acetonitrile) Hexafluoro-antimonic acid Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 35
- 125000000058 cyclopentadienyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC1)* 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 18
- 150000002505 iron Chemical class 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000000954 2-hydroxyethyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])O[H] 0.000 claims description 14
- PMVSDNDAUGGCCE-TYYBGVCCSA-L Ferrous fumarate Chemical class [Fe+2].[O-]C(=O)\C=C\C([O-])=O PMVSDNDAUGGCCE-TYYBGVCCSA-L 0.000 claims description 14
- BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylamine Chemical compound NC BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- FBAFATDZDUQKNH-UHFFFAOYSA-M iron chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Fe] FBAFATDZDUQKNH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000002777 acetyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)=O 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- OISVCGZHLKNMSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-dimethylpyridine Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(C)=N1 OISVCGZHLKNMSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- SJRJJKPEHAURKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylmorpholine Chemical compound CN1CCOCC1 SJRJJKPEHAURKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- HOPRXXXSABQWAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N anhydrous collidine Natural products CC1=CC=NC(C)=C1C HOPRXXXSABQWAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000398 iron phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- WBJZTOZJJYAKHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron(3+) phosphate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O WBJZTOZJJYAKHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 9
- LHOWRPZTCLUDOI-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron(3+);triperchlorate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O.[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O.[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O LHOWRPZTCLUDOI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 9
- IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylenediamine Chemical compound C1CN2CCN1CC2 IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quinoline Chemical compound N1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 8
- HEJPGFRXUXOTGM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron(3+);triiodide Chemical compound [Fe+3].[I-].[I-].[I-] HEJPGFRXUXOTGM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 8
- IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylamine Chemical compound CCCCN(CCCC)CCCC IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 7
- PAMIQIKDUOTOBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methylpiperidine Chemical compound CN1CCCCC1 PAMIQIKDUOTOBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- JYYNAJVZFGKDEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-Dimethylpyridine Chemical compound CC1=CC=NC(C)=C1 JYYNAJVZFGKDEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- MBMLMWLHJBBADN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ferrous sulfide Chemical compound [Fe]=S MBMLMWLHJBBADN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrolidine Chemical compound C1CCNC1 RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- VETKVGYBAMGARK-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsanylidyneiron Chemical compound [As]#[Fe] VETKVGYBAMGARK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- WGQKYBSKWIADBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzylamine Chemical compound NCC1=CC=CC=C1 WGQKYBSKWIADBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 6
- GGSUCNLOZRCGPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylaniline Chemical compound CCN(CC)C1=CC=CC=C1 GGSUCNLOZRCGPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- VEPSWGHMGZQCIN-UHFFFAOYSA-H ferric oxalate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[Fe+3].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O VEPSWGHMGZQCIN-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 6
- VAKIVKMUBMZANL-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron phosphide Chemical compound P.[Fe].[Fe].[Fe] VAKIVKMUBMZANL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- PVFSDGKDKFSOTB-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron(3+);triacetate Chemical compound [Fe+3].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O PVFSDGKDKFSOTB-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 6
- VCJMYUPGQJHHFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O VCJMYUPGQJHHFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- VEAZEPMQWHPHAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n,n',n'-tetramethylbutane-1,4-diamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCCCN(C)C VEAZEPMQWHPHAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- PNGLEYLFMHGIQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;3-(n-ethyl-3-methoxyanilino)-2-hydroxypropane-1-sulfonate;dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)CC(O)CN(CC)C1=CC=CC(OC)=C1 PNGLEYLFMHGIQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- YFTHZRPMJXBUME-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripropylamine Chemical compound CCCN(CCC)CCC YFTHZRPMJXBUME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000358 iron sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- WQIQNKQYEUMPBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentamethylcyclopentadiene Chemical compound CC1C(C)=C(C)C(C)=C1C WQIQNKQYEUMPBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- FEONEKOZSGPOFN-UHFFFAOYSA-K tribromoiron Chemical compound Br[Fe](Br)Br FEONEKOZSGPOFN-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 5
- VHYFNPMBLIVWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Dimethylaminopyridine Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=NC=C1 VHYFNPMBLIVWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- KWOLFJPFCHCOCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetophenone Natural products CC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KWOLFJPFCHCOCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002555 ionophore Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000236 ionophoric effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002769 thiazolinyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N triflic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- OBETXYAYXDNJHR-SSDOTTSWSA-M (2r)-2-ethylhexanoate Chemical compound CCCC[C@@H](CC)C([O-])=O OBETXYAYXDNJHR-SSDOTTSWSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- MGRVRXRGTBOSHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N (aminomethyl)phosphonic acid Chemical class NCP(O)(O)=O MGRVRXRGTBOSHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- KYVBNYUBXIEUFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,3,3-tetramethylguanidine Chemical compound CN(C)C(=N)N(C)C KYVBNYUBXIEUFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- DPMZXMBOYHBELT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-trimethyl-1,3,5-triazinane Chemical compound CN1CN(C)CN(C)C1 DPMZXMBOYHBELT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- YVXIQVXKXBYVRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,2-trifluoroacetic acid 1,1,1-trifluoropentane-2,4-dione Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)F.CC(=O)CC(=O)C(F)(F)F YVXIQVXKXBYVRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- GQHTUMJGOHRCHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,4,6,7,8,9,10-octahydropyrimido[1,2-a]azepine Chemical compound C1CCCCN2CCCN=C21 GQHTUMJGOHRCHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- YOYAIZYFCNQIRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-dichlorobenzonitrile Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC(Cl)=C1C#N YOYAIZYFCNQIRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- BZUDVELGTZDOIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethyl-n,n-bis(2-ethylhexyl)hexan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)CN(CC(CC)CCCC)CC(CC)CCCC BZUDVELGTZDOIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- YNVZDODIHZTHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 2-hydroxypropanoate;iron(3+) Chemical compound [Fe+3].CC(O)C([O-])=O.CC(O)C([O-])=O.CC(O)C([O-])=O YNVZDODIHZTHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- XWKFPIODWVPXLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-5-methylpyridine Natural products CC1=CC=C(C)N=C1 XWKFPIODWVPXLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- BSKHPKMHTQYZBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpyridine Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=N1 BSKHPKMHTQYZBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QKVUSSUOYHTOFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methyl-n,n-bis(3-methylbutyl)butan-1-amine Chemical compound CC(C)CCN(CCC(C)C)CCC(C)C QKVUSSUOYHTOFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960000549 4-dimethylaminophenol Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- AQPPOLXYUQPDOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5,10,15,20-tetraphenyl-21,22-dihydroporphyrin Chemical compound C1=CC(C(=C2C=CC(N2)=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C2=CC=C(N2)C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C2C=CC3=N2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=NC1=C3C1=CC=CC=C1 AQPPOLXYUQPDOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930008564 C01BA04 - Sparteine Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- AIOHESFZFJANBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCCCCCCCCCCCCC.CN1CCN(CCCN(CCN(C1)C)C)C Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCC.CN1CCN(CCCN(CCN(C1)C)C)C AIOHESFZFJANBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 206010010144 Completed suicide Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-M D-gluconate Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- QXNVGIXVLWOKEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Disodium Chemical class [Na][Na] QXNVGIXVLWOKEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA) Chemical compound CCN(C(C)C)C(C)C JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QPCDCPDFJACHGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-bis{2-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]ethyl}glycine Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(=O)O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O QPCDCPDFJACHGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- REYJJPSVUYRZGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Octadecylamine Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN REYJJPSVUYRZGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- SOUIOUKYGZEEIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L [Cl-].C(C)C1=C(C=2C=C3C(=C(C(=CC=4C(=C(C(=CC5=C(C(=C(N5)C=C1N2)CC)CC)N4)CC)CC)N3)CC)CC)CC.[Fe+2].[Cl-] Chemical compound [Cl-].C(C)C1=C(C=2C=C3C(=C(C(=CC=4C(=C(C(=CC5=C(C(=C(N5)C=C1N2)CC)CC)N4)CC)CC)N3)CC)CC)CC.[Fe+2].[Cl-] SOUIOUKYGZEEIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- OBETXYAYXDNJHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-ethylcaproic acid Natural products CCCCC(CC)C(O)=O OBETXYAYXDNJHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- SLRCCWJSBJZJBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-isosparteine Natural products C1N2CCCCC2C2CN3CCCCC3C1C2 SLRCCWJSBJZJBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- VBIXEXWLHSRNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium oxalate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O VBIXEXWLHSRNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- UTBIMNXEDGNJFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N collidine Natural products CC1=CC=C(C)C(C)=N1 UTBIMNXEDGNJFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 claims description 3
- KDUIUFJBNGTBMD-VXMYFEMYSA-N cyclooctatetraene Chemical compound C1=C\C=C/C=C\C=C1 KDUIUFJBNGTBMD-VXMYFEMYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012973 diazabicyclooctane Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003963 dichloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 claims description 3
- UZBQIPPOMKBLAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylazanide Chemical compound CC[N-]CC UZBQIPPOMKBLAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- NAPSCFZYZVSQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimantine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN(C)C NAPSCFZYZVSQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000539 dimer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- XXBDWLFCJWSEKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylbenzylamine Chemical compound CN(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 XXBDWLFCJWSEKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- GPAYUJZHTULNBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylphosphine Chemical class C=1C=CC=CC=1PC1=CC=CC=C1 GPAYUJZHTULNBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- NDZHLXSYTZUMJM-UHFFFAOYSA-L ethane-1,2-diamine;iron(2+);sulfate Chemical compound [Fe+2].NCCN.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NDZHLXSYTZUMJM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960002413 ferric citrate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- YAGKRVSRTSUGEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferricyanide Chemical compound [Fe+3].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-] YAGKRVSRTSUGEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- IMBKASBLAKCLEM-UHFFFAOYSA-L ferrous ammonium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O IMBKASBLAKCLEM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940095991 ferrous disulfide Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011773 ferrous fumarate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000002332 ferrous fumarate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960000225 ferrous fumarate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003983 fluorenyl group Chemical class C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3CC12)* 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940050410 gluconate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- HHLFWLYXYJOTON-UHFFFAOYSA-N glyoxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=O HHLFWLYXYJOTON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- QAMFBRUWYYMMGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexafluoroacetylacetone Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(=O)CC(=O)C(F)(F)F QAMFBRUWYYMMGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004029 hydroxymethyl group Chemical group [H]OC([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 3
- DCYOBGZUOMKFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);iron(3+);octadecacyanide Chemical compound [Fe+2].[Fe+2].[Fe+2].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-] DCYOBGZUOMKFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- XHQSLVIGPHXVAK-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron(3+);octadecanoate Chemical compound [Fe+3].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O XHQSLVIGPHXVAK-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- JCDAAXRCMMPNBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);oxygen(2-);titanium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4].[Ti+4].[Fe+3].[Fe+3] JCDAAXRCMMPNBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- NPFOYSMITVOQOS-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron(III) citrate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O NPFOYSMITVOQOS-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- JJWLVOIRVHMVIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopropylamine Chemical compound CC(C)N JJWLVOIRVHMVIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K lithium iron phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Fe+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- MEFBJEMVZONFCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdate Chemical compound [O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O MEFBJEMVZONFCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- LNOPIUAQISRISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-hydroxy-2-propan-2-ylsulfonylethanimidamide Chemical compound CC(C)S(=O)(=O)CC(N)=NO LNOPIUAQISRISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- JDEJGVSZUIJWBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n,2-trimethylaniline Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=CC=C1C JDEJGVSZUIJWBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- RCZLVPFECJNLMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n,n',n'-tetraethylpropane-1,3-diamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CCCN(CC)CC RCZLVPFECJNLMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- TXXWBTOATXBWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n,n',n'-tetramethylhexane-1,6-diamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCCCCCN(C)C TXXWBTOATXBWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- DGYRVXQIGUEFFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dihexylaniline Chemical compound CCCCCCN(CCCCCC)C1=CC=CC=C1 DGYRVXQIGUEFFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- DIAIBWNEUYXDNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dihexylhexan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCN(CCCCCC)CCCCCC DIAIBWNEUYXDNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ICZKASVWFUJTEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethyldocosan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN(C)C ICZKASVWFUJTEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- SFBHPFQSSDCYSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethyltetradecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCN(C)C SFBHPFQSSDCYSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- XTAZYLNFDRKIHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dioctyloctan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCN(CCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCC XTAZYLNFDRKIHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OOHAUGDGCWURIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dipentylpentan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCN(CCCCC)CCCCC OOHAUGDGCWURIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OHLICMMXIJECIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]acetamide Chemical compound CN(C)CCCNC(C)=O OHLICMMXIJECIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- HCIIFBHDBOCSAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N octaethylporphyrin Chemical compound N1C(C=C2C(=C(CC)C(C=C3C(=C(CC)C(=C4)N3)CC)=N2)CC)=C(CC)C(CC)=C1C=C1C(CC)=C(CC)C4=N1 HCIIFBHDBOCSAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 3
- JZRYQZJSTWVBBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaporphyrin i Chemical compound N1C(C=C2NC(=CC3=NC(=C4)C=C3)C=C2)=CC=C1C=C1C=CC4=N1 JZRYQZJSTWVBBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960003330 pentetic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000843 phenylene group Chemical group C1(=C(C=CC=C1)*)* 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003009 phosphonic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- SLRCCWJSBJZJBV-AJNGGQMLSA-N sparteine Chemical compound C1N2CCCC[C@H]2[C@@H]2CN3CCCC[C@H]3[C@H]1C2 SLRCCWJSBJZJBV-AJNGGQMLSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960001945 sparteine Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- GFYHSKONPJXCDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N sym-collidine Natural products CC1=CN=C(C)C(C)=C1 GFYHSKONPJXCDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- HWCKGOZZJDHMNC-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetraethylammonium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CC[N+](CC)(CC)CC HWCKGOZZJDHMNC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ABVVEAHYODGCLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tridecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCN ABVVEAHYODGCLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris Chemical compound OCC(N)(CO)CO LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- XMBZMHWNENRJHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[[2-[1-(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)pyrrolidin-2-yl]pyrrolidin-1-yl]methyl]pyridine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=NC=1CN1CCCC1C1CCCN1CC1=CC=CC=N1 XMBZMHWNENRJHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OQLZINXFSUDMHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetamidine Chemical compound CC(N)=N OQLZINXFSUDMHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- DGEZNRSVGBDHLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [1,10]phenanthroline Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C3=NC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 DGEZNRSVGBDHLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OBHWOLDGXCOBAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [F].CS(O)(=O)=O Chemical compound [F].CS(O)(=O)=O OBHWOLDGXCOBAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003682 fluorination reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- AHAREKHAZNPPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexa-1,3-diene Chemical compound CCC=CC=C AHAREKHAZNPPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium oxide Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-2] FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001947 lithium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- JQQSUOJIMKJQHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaphene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C3C4=CC5=CC=CC=C5C=C4C=CC3=CC2=C1 JQQSUOJIMKJQHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- NTSLROIKFLNUIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-Ethyl-2-methylpyridine Chemical compound CCC1=CC=C(C)N=C1 NTSLROIKFLNUIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- CMEWLCATCRTSGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-dimethyl-4-nitrosoaniline Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=C(N=O)C=C1 CMEWLCATCRTSGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
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- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 9
- FVAUCKIRQBBSSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium iodide Chemical compound [Na+].[I-] FVAUCKIRQBBSSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
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- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trifluoroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)F DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylamine Chemical compound CN(C)C GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000009518 sodium iodide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- POILWHVDKZOXJZ-ARJAWSKDSA-M (z)-4-oxopent-2-en-2-olate Chemical compound C\C([O-])=C\C(C)=O POILWHVDKZOXJZ-ARJAWSKDSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- JVVRCYWZTJLJSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-dimethylaminophenol Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 JVVRCYWZTJLJSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910002554 Fe(NO3)3·9H2O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe3+ Chemical class [Fe+3] VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LSDPWZHWYPCBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanethiol Chemical compound SC LSDPWZHWYPCBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentadiene Chemical compound C1C=CC=C1 ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 2
- DNJIEGIFACGWOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanethiol Chemical compound CCS DNJIEGIFACGWOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000360 iron(III) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- QATBRNFTOCXULG-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-[2-(methylamino)ethyl]ethane-1,2-diamine Chemical compound CNCCNCCN QATBRNFTOCXULG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000007096 poisonous effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003141 primary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N protonated dimethyl amine Natural products CNC ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003335 secondary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- YGLVWOUNCXBPJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2,3,4,5-tetraphenylcyclopenta-1,4-dien-1-yl)benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 YGLVWOUNCXBPJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GAWIXWVDTYZWAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N C[CH]O Chemical group C[CH]O GAWIXWVDTYZWAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QMMFVYPAHWMCMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl sulfide Chemical compound CSC QMMFVYPAHWMCMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004982 aromatic amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- NZZIMKJIVMHWJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibenzoylmethane Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)CC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 NZZIMKJIVMHWJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PGOQFBTTZHLHCW-UHFFFAOYSA-L dichloroiron;pyridine Chemical compound Cl[Fe]Cl.C1=CC=NC=C1 PGOQFBTTZHLHCW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004698 iron complex Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- CASZBAVUIZZLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium iron(2+) oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Fe+2].[Li+] CASZBAVUIZZLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002696 manganese Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000357 manganese(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZUHLLHJBEFJMKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n'-ditert-butylethanimidamide Chemical compound CC(C)(C)NC(C)=NC(C)(C)C ZUHLLHJBEFJMKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001473 noxious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000007530 organic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalocyanine Chemical compound N1C(N=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C(N=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C(=N4)N3)=N2)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1N=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C4=N1 IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RKCAIXNGYQCCAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N porphin Chemical compound N1C(C=C2N=C(C=C3NC(=C4)C=C3)C=C2)=CC=C1C=C1C=CC4=N1 RKCAIXNGYQCCAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003462 sulfoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- PSDCPGZRTRZNFP-UHFFFAOYSA-J tetrafluoroiron Chemical compound F[Fe](F)(F)F PSDCPGZRTRZNFP-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylphosphine Substances C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C319/00—Preparation of thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides
- C07C319/22—Preparation of thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides of hydropolysulfides or polysulfides
- C07C319/24—Preparation of thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides of hydropolysulfides or polysulfides by reactions involving the formation of sulfur-to-sulfur bonds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C323/00—Thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides substituted by halogen, oxygen or nitrogen atoms, or by sulfur atoms not being part of thio groups
- C07C323/10—Thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides substituted by halogen, oxygen or nitrogen atoms, or by sulfur atoms not being part of thio groups containing thio groups and singly-bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton
- C07C323/11—Thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides substituted by halogen, oxygen or nitrogen atoms, or by sulfur atoms not being part of thio groups containing thio groups and singly-bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton having the sulfur atoms of the thio groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the carbon skeleton
- C07C323/12—Thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides substituted by halogen, oxygen or nitrogen atoms, or by sulfur atoms not being part of thio groups containing thio groups and singly-bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton having the sulfur atoms of the thio groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being acyclic and saturated
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M135/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
- C10M135/20—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides
- C10M135/22—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M135/24—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups; Derivatives thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/08—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals
- C10M2219/082—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2219/084—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups; Derivatives thereof
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种通过在包含作为催化剂的至少一种均相分布的含铁盐或配合物和至少一种叔胺的反应混合物中用氧气氧化2?巯基乙醇而制备二(2?羟基乙基)二硫化物的方法,可以用该方法得到的二(2?羟基乙基)二硫化物以及该二(2?羟基乙基)二硫化物在化合物如润滑油添加剂制造中作为中间体的用途和在三次采油中的用途。
Description
本发明涉及一种通过在包含作为催化剂的至少一种均相分布的含铁盐或配合物和至少一种叔胺的反应混合物中用氧气氧化2-巯基乙醇而制备二(2-羟基乙基)二硫化物的方法。本发明进一步涉及可以用本发明方法得到的二(2-羟基乙基)二硫化物以及本发明的二(2-羟基乙基)二硫化物在化合物如润滑油添加剂制造中作为中间体的用途和在三次采油中的用途。
制备二(2-羟基乙基)二硫化物的方法已经在现有技术中提到。
US 4,258,212和US 5,659,086描述了在碱存在下用过氧化氢将2-巯基乙醇氧化成二(2-羟基乙基)二硫化物。根据US 4,258,212,要求碱金属氢氧化物如氢氧化钠来控制pH在7-9的范围内。US 5,659,086教导了使用无机或有机碱,包括碱金属氢氧化物如氢氧化钠以及伯、仲或叔胺。这些方法的决定性缺点是使用过氧化氢,因为其价格高。由于其高氧化能力,过氧化氢还要求在输送、储存过程中以及尤其是在其作为氧化剂的应用过程中小心处理。过氧化氢的另一缺点是其被水高度稀释。工业过氧化氢因安全原因通常仅具有50重量%H2O2含量。其余为水,此外还有痕量稳定剂,这降低了氧化反应的效率且导致高度稀释的反应产物。因此必须进一步加工反应产物以得到具有低水含量的二(2-羟基乙基)二硫化物。
US 2004/0116748A1公开了通过使用元素硫作为氧化剂将硫醇如2-巯基乙醇氧化成对应二硫化物。该方法的决定性缺点是硫化氢的化学计量形成,硫化氢高度有毒且必须从反应产物中小心除去并处置。
Y.Wang等在Biomacromolecules 2011,12,66-74中提到通过使用二甲亚砜作为氧化剂氧化2-巯基乙醇而合成二(2-羟基乙基)二硫化物。该方法的决定性缺点是要求必须以复杂方法生产的二甲亚砜作为氧化剂。另一决定性缺点是二甲硫醚的化学计量形成,其为恶臭的且必须从反应产物中除去并处置。
S.Murata等在Journal of Chemical Society Perkin Transactions,1989,617-621中公开了在铁配合物或铁盐和溶剂存在下用2-巯基乙醇将芳族硝基化合物转化成对应芳族胺和二(2-羟基乙基)二硫化物。该方法的决定性缺点是使用芳族硝基化合物作为氧化剂。芳族硝基化合物仅可通过复杂方法得到且通常具有毒性或甚至是爆炸性的。另一决定性缺点是对应芳族胺的化学计量形成,其通常也是有毒的且必须从反应产物中除去并处置。
在本领域中所述将2-巯基乙醇氧化成二(2-羟基乙基)二硫化物的另一氧化剂是氧气,如纯氧气或空气。使用氧气具有的一般性优点是作为氧化副产物仅产生少量水。
US 2006/0142616A1及其德国同族DE 103 23 839B3教导了通过在作为催化剂的铜盐或锰盐和作为助催化剂的氨或伯、仲或叔胺存在下用氧气氧化2-巯基乙醇而制备二(2-羟基乙基)二硫化物。声称的转化率几乎为100%,不产生副产物。根据该文献的教导,无需深度提纯步骤,但加入的氨和胺类分别与水一起蒸除。即使所用氧化剂、反应条件、转化率和二(2-羟基乙基)二硫化物的产率根据该文献似乎是有益的,但使用的催化剂显示出一些缺点。铜和锰是稀有的,不易开采且因此相对昂贵。此外,众所周知的是铜有毒,若通过固体食物或流体如饮用水吸收的话尤其如此。
H.Adibi等在Chinese Journal of Chemistry,2008,26,2086-2092中教导了通过在三氟乙酸铁(III)和碘化钠存在下用氧气氧化而将2-巯基乙醇转化成二(2-羟基乙基)二硫化物。转化率被描述为非常高,产率为97%。试验中所用硫醇/催化剂/NaI比例为1/0.1/0.2,对应于三氟乙酸铁(III)催化剂的10mol%高浓度和碘化钠的20mol%高浓度,其中这两个百分数值相对于2-巯基乙醇。
因此,本发明的目的是要提供一种制备二(2-羟基乙基)二硫化物的方法,其使用在粗产物中留下最小可能量的水或其他物质的氧化剂以2-巯基乙醇开始。此外,应提供一种以高产率和高纯度得到所需产物的方法,优选没有额外提纯步骤。在该方法中应使用含有对动物、人类和/或环境无毒且因此不必在反应完成之后与反应混合物分离的至少一种金属的催化剂。
根据本发明,这些目的由通过在包含作为催化剂的至少一种均相分布的含铁盐或配合物和至少一种叔胺的反应混合物中用氧气氧化2-巯基乙醇而制备二(2-羟基乙基)二硫化物的方法实现。
通过氧化2-巯基乙醇而进行本发明方法以得到二(2-羟基乙基)二硫化物。通常为熟练技术人员已知的该反应示于下文中:
本发明方法的底物为2-巯基乙醇。它可以使用熟练技术人员已知的方法制备,例如通过将H2S加成于氧化乙烯。此外,2-巯基乙醇也可市购。
通常而言,2-巯基乙醇可以以对用于化学反应中的化合物典型的纯度使用。优选将2-巯基乙醇以至少95重量%,更优选至少98重量%的纯度用于本发明方法中。
用本发明方法得到的所需产物是二(2-羟基乙基)二硫化物并且也通常为本领域熟练技术人员已知。根据本发明,通常得到纯度为至少80重量%,更优选至少85重量%的粗二(2-羟基乙基)二硫化物。
在本发明方法中,将氧气用作氧化剂。根据本发明,氧气可以以纯净形式作为气体加入。此外,还可能的是氧气作为与其他气体,优选与对存在于本发明反应混合物中的化合物呈惰性的气体的混合物加入。
可以存在于根据本发明使用的包含氧气的混合物中的合适气体优选选自二氧化碳,稀有气体如氦气、氩气、氮气及其混合物。
根据本发明方法的优选实施方案,将空气用作含氧气体。通常而言,空气包含氮气、氧气、氩气和少量其他气体。
本发明方法中所用氧气的量通常由氧气的压力,尤其是氧气在所用气体中的分压调节。
通常而言,本发明方法可以在任何合适的,尤其就反应速率、副产物的量等而言合适的氧气分压下进行。
本发明方法优选在0.2-20巴(绝对),特别优选1-10巴(绝对)的氧气分压下进行。
因此,本发明优选涉及本发明方法,其中它在0.2-20巴(绝对),特别优选1-10巴(绝对)的氧气分压下进行。
根据本发明方法的优选实施方案—其中将空气用作含氧气体,本发明方法在1-30巴(绝对),优选5-25巴(绝对),更优选10-20巴(绝对)的压力下进行。
用于本发明方法中的反应混合物包含2-巯基乙醇、二(2-羟基乙基)二硫化物、至少一种叔胺、至少一种含铁盐或配合物和氧气。
因此,本发明优选涉及本发明方法,其中反应混合物包含2-巯基乙醇、二(2-羟基乙基)二硫化物、至少一种叔胺、至少一种含铁盐或配合物和氧气。
根据本发明方法的优选实施方案,反应混合物除了底物、产物、催化剂、叔胺和氧气外不包含任何其他组分。在反应过程中,由氧化剂制备水,得到进一步包含少量水的反应混合物。此外,若将空气用作含氧气体,则诸如氮气和氩气的气体也存在于该混合物中。
因此,本发明优选涉及本发明方法,其中反应混合物由2-巯基乙醇、二(2-羟基乙基)二硫化物、至少一种叔胺、至少一种含铁盐或配合物、水、氧气和任选其他组分如氮气和氩气构成,更优选反应混合物由2-巯基乙醇、二(2-羟基乙基)二硫化物、至少一种叔胺、至少一种含铁盐或配合物、水和氧气构成。
因此,本发明优选涉及本发明方法,其中反应混合物由2-巯基乙醇、二(2-羟基乙基)二硫化物、至少一种叔胺、至少一种含铁盐或配合物、水、氧气和任选其他组分构成。
进一步优选本发明方法在不存在任何溶剂下进行,优选在不存在水和/或任何有机溶剂下进行。根据本发明,“在不存在任何溶剂下,优选在不存在水和/或任何有机溶剂下”是指溶剂如水和/或有机溶剂的量小于10重量%,优选小于5重量%。
本发明方法在至少一种均相分布的含铁盐或配合物作为催化剂存在下进行。
通常而言,可以使用所有能够均相分布于反应混合物中的含铁盐或配合物。由于反应混合物主要包含有机化合物,尤其是2-巯基乙醇、二(2-羟基乙基)二硫化物和至少一种叔胺这一事实,铁盐或配合物应可均相分布于该介质中。
因此,优选在本发明方法中使用至少一种铁盐或配合物,其溶解度为至少0.1mmol/l,特别优选至少0.2mmol/l,更优选至少0.5mmol/l,在每种情况下在上述介质中且在每种情况下就整个反应混合物而言。用于本发明方法中的至少一种铁盐或配合物的溶解度上限为例如1.0mol/l。
进一步优选该至少一种铁盐或配合物选自有机或无机铁盐或配合物。
因此,本发明优选涉及本发明方法,其中该至少一种铁盐或配合物选自有机或无机铁盐或配合物。
进一步优选存在于用作催化剂的至少一种铁盐或配合物中的铁可以具有任何合适的氧化态,如0,+2和/或+3,优选+2和/或+3。
因此,本发明优选涉及本发明方法,其中该至少一种铁盐包含氧化态为+2和/或+3的铁。
特别合适的铁盐或配合物—任选含有至少一种中性配体如水—选自氧化铁(II)、氧化铁(III)、氧化铁(II,III)、硫化铁(II)、二硫化铁(II)、硫化铁(II,III)、磷酸锂铁(II)、氧化锂铁(III)、磷化铁(II)、磷化铁(III)、焦磷酸铁(III)、磷酸铁(III)、铁(III)离子载体IV、钼酸铁(II)、六氰基高铁(II)酸铵铁(III)、亚铁氰化铁(III)、5,10,15,20-四(五氟苯基)-21H,23H-卟啉氯化铁(III)、5,10,15,20-四苯基-21H,23H-卟吩氯化铁(III)、5,10,15,20-四(4-甲氧基苯基)-21H,23H-卟吩氯化铁(III)、2,3,7,8,12,13,17,18-八乙基-21h,23h-卟吩乙酸铁(III)、2,3,7,8,12,13,17,18-八乙基-21H,23H-卟吩氯化铁(III)、乙酰基-环戊二烯基-羰基铁(II)三苯基膦配合物、[N,N'-二(2-吡啶基甲基)]-2,2'-联吡咯烷二(乙腈)六氟锑酸铁(II)、钛酸铁(II)、硅化铁(II)、铁(III)离子载体VI、二(环戊二烯基)铁(II)、环戊二烯基(甲酰基环戊二烯基)铁(II)、(硼代环戊二烯基)环戊二烯基铁(II)、二(环戊二烯基)四氟硼酸铁(III)、环戊二烯基[(羟基甲基)环戊二烯基]铁(II)、二(乙酰基环戊二烯基)铁(II)、二(甲基环戊二烯基)铁(II)、二(乙基环戊二烯基)铁(II)、二(异丙基环戊二烯基)铁(II)、二氯二[邻亚苯基二(二苯基膦)]铁(II)、环戊二烯基二羰基碘化铁(II)、二(五甲基环戊二烯基)铁(II)、二(四甲基环戊二烯基)铁(II)、环戊二烯基二羰基(四氢呋喃)铁(II)、四氟硼酸三羰基(环辛四烯)铁(II)、环戊二烯基二羰基铁(II)二聚体、环戊二烯基(芴)六氟磷酸铁(II)、(烟酰胺基甲基)膦酸铁(II)盐、三羰基(2-甲氧基环己二烯)六氟磷酸铁(II)(tricarbonyl(2-methoxycyclohexadienylium)iron(II)hexafluorophosphate)、三羰基(4-甲氧基-1-甲基环己二烯)四氟硼酸铁(II)、内消旋-四(4-N-甲基吡啶基)卟啉铁(III)、4-二甲氨基吡啶基(五苯基环戊二烯基)铁(II)、4-吡咯烷基吡啶基(五甲基环戊二烯基)铁(II)、2,6-二[1-(2,6-二异丙基苯基亚氨基)乙基]吡啶氯化铁(II)、(氨基甲基)膦酸铁(II)盐、二[(1E)-N-(氨基硫羰基)乙烷腙酰基]铁(II)、二[(1E)-N-(苯胺基硫羰基)乙烷腙酰基]铁(II)、二[(E)-(氨基硫羰基)亚肼基](苯基)甲基]铁(II)、异丙醇铁(III)、乙酸铁(II)、氧代乙酸高氯酸铁(III)、柠檬酸铵铁(III)、乙酰丙酮铁(II)、乙酰丙酮铁(III)、溴化铁(II)、溴化铁(III)、氯化铁(II)、氯化铁(III)、砷化铁(II)、砷化铁(III)、柠檬酸铁(III)、酞菁铁(II)二(吡啶)配合物、乙二铵硫酸铁(II)、草酸铁(II)、草酸铁(III)、草酸铵铁(III)、氟化铁(II)、氟化铁(III)、富马酸铁(II)、葡糖酸铁(II)、碘化铁(II)、碘化铁(III)、乳酸铁(II)、硝酸铁(III)、酞菁铁(II)、铁(III)酞菁-4,4',4”,4”'-四磺酸、氯化酞菁铁(III)、高氯酸铁(II)、高氯酸铁(III)、硫酸铁(II)、硫酸铁(III)、硫酸铵铁(II)、硫酸铵铁(III)、磷酸铁(II)、磷酸铁(III)、酒石酸铁(III)、(+)-抗坏血酸铁(II)、硬脂酸铁(II)、氨基磺酸铁(II)、四氟硼酸铁(II)、四乙铵四氯铁(III)、三(二苯甲酰基甲烷根合)铁(III)(tris(dibenzoylmethanato)iron(III))、三(乙二胺)硫酸铁(II)、对甲苯磺酸铁(III)、三氟甲磺酸铁(II)、三氟甲磺酸铁(III)、三氟乙酰丙酮铁(III)、二(邻-菲咯啉)氰化铁(II)、二(六氟乙酰丙酮根合)-(N,N,N',N'-四甲基乙二胺)铁(II)、乙二胺四乙酸铁(III)钠盐、二亚乙基三胺五乙酸铁(III)二钠盐、二(N,N'-二叔丁基乙脒根合)铁(II)、2-乙基己酸铁、环烷酸铁(III)、三(2,2,6,6-四甲基-3,5-庚二酮根合)铁(III)及其混合物。
因此,本发明优选涉及本发明方法,其中该至少一种任选含有至少一种中性配体如水的铁盐或配合物选自氧化铁(II)、氧化铁(III)、氧化铁(II,III)、硫化铁(II)、二硫化铁(II)、硫化铁(II,III)、锂磷酸铁(II)、氧化锂铁(III)、磷化铁(II)、磷化铁(III)、焦磷酸铁(III)、磷酸铁(III)、铁(III)离子载体IV、钼酸铁(II)、六氰基高铁(II)酸铵铁(III)、亚铁氰化铁(III)、5,10,15,20-四(五氟苯基)-21H,23H-卟啉氯化铁(III)、5,10,15,20-四苯基-21H,23H-卟吩氯化铁(III)、5,10,15,20-四(4-甲氧基苯基)-21H,23H-卟吩氯化铁(III)、2,3,7,8,12,13,17,18-八乙基-21h,23h-卟吩乙酸铁(III)、2,3,7,8,12,13,17,18-八乙基-21H,23H-卟吩氯化铁(III)、乙酰基-环戊二烯基-羰基铁(II)三苯基膦配合物、[N,N'-二(2-吡啶基甲基)]-2,2'-联吡咯烷二(乙腈)六氟锑酸铁(II)、钛酸铁(II)、硅化铁(II)、铁(III)离子载体VI、二(环戊二烯基)铁(II)、环戊二烯基(甲酰基环戊二烯基)铁(II)、(硼代环戊二烯基)环戊二烯基铁(II)、二(环戊二烯基)四氟硼酸铁(III)、环戊二烯基[(羟基甲基)环戊二烯基]铁(II)、二(乙酰基环戊二烯基)铁(II)、二(甲基环戊二烯基)铁(II)、二(乙基环戊二烯基)铁(II)、二(异丙基环戊二烯基)铁(II)、二氯二[邻亚苯基二(二苯基膦)]铁(II)、环戊二烯基二羰基碘化铁(II)、二(五甲基环戊二烯基)铁(II)、二(四甲基环戊二烯基)铁(II)、环戊二烯基二羰基(四氢呋喃)铁(II)、四氟硼酸三羰基(环辛四烯)铁(II)、环戊二烯基二羰基铁(II)二聚体、环戊二烯基(芴)六氟磷酸铁(II)、(烟酰胺基甲基)膦酸铁(II)盐、三羰基(2-甲氧基环己二烯)六氟磷酸铁(II)、三羰基(4-甲氧基-1-甲基环己二烯)四氟硼酸铁(II)、内消旋-四(4-N-甲基吡啶基)卟啉铁(III)、4-二甲氨基吡啶基(五苯基环戊二烯基)铁(II)、4-吡咯烷基吡啶基(五甲基环戊二烯基)铁(II)、2,6-二[1-(2,6-二异丙基苯基亚氨基)乙基]吡啶氯化铁(II)、(氨基甲基)膦酸铁(II)盐、二[(1E)-N-(氨基硫羰基)乙烷腙酰基]铁(II)、二[(1E)-N-(苯胺基硫羰基)乙烷腙酰基]铁(II)、二[(E)-(氨基硫羰基)亚肼基](苯基)甲基]铁(II)、异丙醇铁(III)、乙酸铁(II)、氧代乙酸高氯酸铁(III)、柠檬酸铵铁(III)、乙酰丙酮铁(II)、乙酰丙酮铁(III)、溴化铁(II)、溴化铁(III)、氯化铁(II)、氯化铁(III)、砷化铁(II)、砷化铁(III)、柠檬酸铁(III)、酞菁铁(II)二(吡啶)配合物、乙二铵硫酸铁(II)、草酸铁(II)、草酸铁(III)、草酸铵铁(III)、氟化铁(II)、氟化铁(III)、富马酸铁(II)、葡糖酸铁(II)、碘化铁(II)、碘化铁(III)、乳酸铁(II)、硝酸铁(III)、酞菁铁(II)、铁(III)酞菁-4,4',4”,4”'-四磺酸、氯化酞菁铁(III)、高氯酸铁(II)、高氯酸铁(III)、硫酸铁(II)、硫酸铁(III)、硫酸铵铁(II)、硫酸铵铁(III)、磷酸铁(II)、磷酸铁(III)、酒石酸铁(III)、(+)-抗坏血酸铁(II)、硬脂酸铁(II)、氨基磺酸铁(II)、四氟硼酸铁(II)、四乙铵四氯铁(III)、三(二苯甲酰基甲烷根合)铁(III)、三(乙二胺)硫酸铁(II)、对甲苯磺酸铁(III)、三氟甲磺酸铁(II)、三氟甲磺酸铁(III)、三氟乙酰丙酮铁(III)、二(邻-菲咯啉)氰化铁(II)、二(六氟乙酰丙酮根合)-(N,N,N',N'-四甲基乙二胺)铁(II)、乙二胺四乙酸铁(III)钠盐、二亚乙基三胺五乙酸铁(III)二钠盐、二(N,N'-二叔丁基乙脒根合)铁(II)、2-乙基己酸铁、环烷酸铁(III)、三(2,2,6,6-四甲基-3,5-庚二酮根合)铁(III)及其混合物。
特别优选该至少一种铁盐或配合物选自Fe(III)盐,尤其选自Fe(NO3)3·9H2O,Fe2(SO4)3,Fe(乙酰丙酮化物)3,FeCl3·6H2O及其混合物。
通常而言,该至少一种铁盐或配合物可以以任何合适的量使用。优选该催化剂以0.1-50μmol铁,优选1-40μmol铁,特别优选5-20μmol铁的量存在,在每种情况下基于每摩尔2-巯基乙醇。
因此,本发明优选涉及本发明方法,其中催化剂以0.1-50μmol铁,优选1-40μmol铁,特别优选5-20μmol铁的量存在,在每种情况下基于每摩尔2-巯基乙醇。
本发明的反应进一步在至少一种叔胺存在下进行。
通常而言,熟练技术人员已知的任何叔胺可以用于本发明方法中。根据本发明,该至少一种叔胺起碱性助催化剂的作用。
根据本发明的优选实施方案,该至少一种叔胺含有3个相同或不同的在每种情况下具有1-20个碳原子的未支化或支化烷基,其中各碳原子还可以相互独立地被选自N或O的杂原子替代并且两个或三个基团还可以相互连接形成包含至少四个原子的链。
因此,本发明优选涉及本发明方法,其中该至少一种叔胺含有3个相同或不同的在每种情况下具有1-20个碳原子的未支化或支化烷基,其中各碳原子还可以相互独立地被选自N或O的杂原子替代并且两个或三个基团还可以相互连接形成包含至少四个原子的链。
根据本发明方法的特别优选实施方案,该至少一种叔胺选自三甲胺、三乙胺、三丙胺、三异丙胺、乙基二异丙胺、三正丁胺、三戊胺、三己胺、三环己胺、三异戊胺、三辛胺、三(2-乙基己基)胺、三硬脂胺、三油基胺、三癸胺、二甲基硬脂胺、N,N-二甲基苄基胺、N,N-二丁基苄基胺、N,N-二甲基苯胺、N,N-二己基苯胺、N,N-二乙基苯胺、N,N-二甲基甲苯胺、吡啶、喹啉、甲基吡啶、2,4-卢剔啶、2,6-卢剔啶、三甲基吡啶、2-甲基-5-乙基吡啶(可力丁)、N-甲基哌啶、N,N'-二甲基哌嗪、N-甲基吗啉、N-甲基吡咯烷、鹰爪豆碱、三(2-羟基乙基)胺、三(2-羟基丙基)胺、甲基二(2-羟基乙基)胺、(N,N-二甲氨基丙基)乙酰胺、辛基二乙基胺、N-辛基-N-羟基乙基甲基胺、N,N-二癸基甲基胺、N-十二烷基-N-十四烷基羟基乙基胺、N,N-二-十四烷基甲基胺、N-十四烷基二甲基胺、N-十六烷基-N-乙基甲基胺、N-十八烷基-N-二十烷基甲基胺、N-二十二烷基二甲基胺、N-二十四烷基二甲基胺、三亚乙基二胺、四甲基胍、DABCO、N,N,N',N”,N”-五甲基二亚乙基三胺、N,N,N',N'-四乙基-1,3-丙二胺、N,N,N',N'-四甲基-1,4-丁二胺、N,N,N',N'-四甲基-2-丁烯-1,4-二胺、N,N,N',N'-四甲基-1,6-己二胺、1,4,8,11-四甲基-1,4,8,11-四氮杂环十四烷、1,3,5-三甲基六氢-1,3,5-三嗪、DBU、DBN及其混合物。
因此,本发明优选涉及本发明方法,其中该至少一种叔胺选自三甲胺、三乙胺、三丙胺、三异丙胺、乙基二异丙胺、三正丁胺、三戊胺、三己胺、三环己胺、三异戊胺、三辛胺、三(2-乙基己基)胺、三硬脂胺、三油基胺、三癸胺、二甲基硬脂胺、N,N-二甲基苄基胺、N,N-二丁基苄基胺、N,N-二甲基苯胺、N,N-二己基苯胺、N,N-二乙基苯胺、N,N-二甲基甲苯胺、吡啶、喹啉、甲基吡啶、2,4-卢剔啶、2,6-卢剔啶、三甲基吡啶、2-甲基-5-乙基吡啶(可力丁)、N-甲基哌啶、N,N'-二甲基哌嗪、N-甲基吗啉、N-甲基吡咯烷、鹰爪豆碱、三(2-羟基乙基)胺、三(2-羟基丙基)胺、甲基二(2-羟基乙基)胺、(N,N-二甲氨基丙基)乙酰胺、辛基二乙基胺、N-辛基-N-羟基乙基甲基胺、N,N-二癸基甲基胺、N-十二烷基-N-十四烷基羟基乙基胺、N,N-二-十四烷基甲基胺、N-十四烷基二甲基胺、N-十六烷基-N-乙基甲基胺、N-十八烷基-N-二十烷基甲基胺、N-二十二烷基二甲基胺、N-二十四烷基二甲基胺、三亚乙基二胺、四甲基胍、DABCO、N,N,N',N”,N”-五甲基二亚乙基三胺、N,N,N',N'-四乙基-1,3-丙二胺、N,N,N',N'-四甲基-1,4-丁二胺、N,N,N',N'-四甲基-2-丁烯-1,4-二胺、N,N,N',N'-四甲基-1,6-己二胺、1,4,8,11-四甲基-1,4,8,11-四氮杂环十四烷、1,3,5-三甲基六氢-1,3,5-三嗪、DBU、DBN及其混合物。
最优选该至少一种叔胺为三正丁胺。
通常而言,该至少一种叔胺根据本发明可以以任何量加入反应混合物中,只要它对该方法提供了优点即可。
根据本发明方法的优选实施方案,该至少一种叔胺以0.01-10mol%,优选0.05-5mol%,特别优选0.07-3mol%的量加入,在每种情况下基于2-巯基乙醇的量。
通常而言,本发明方法可以在任何合适温度下进行,优选本发明方法在0-100℃,更优选10-80℃,特别优选20-60℃的温度下进行。
因此,本发明优选涉及本发明方法,其中它在0-100℃,更优选10-80℃,特别优选20-60℃的温度下进行。
本发明方法可以连续或分批进行。
本发明方法可以在熟练技术人员已知且适合进行液体和气体之间反应的任何设备中进行,如搅拌釜反应器、泡罩塔或喷射回路反应器。
由本发明方法得到的所需产物可以根据熟练技术人员已知的任何方法,例如萃取、蒸馏等后处理,尤其是提纯。根据本发明方法的优选实施方案,由该方法得到的产物不必后处理,尤其是提纯,而是可以在制备之后直接使用。
本发明进一步涉及可以用本发明方法得到,优选用本发明方法得到的二(2-羟基乙基)二硫化物。本发明方法得到与可以由其他方法得到的二(2-羟基乙基)二硫化物相比具有非常特定特征如低水含量且不含有毒金属的二(2-羟基乙基)二硫化物。例如,可以由本发明方法得到的二(2-羟基乙基)二硫化物具有小于15重量%的优选低水含量。
基于这些有利的性能,可以用本发明方法得到,优选用本发明方法得到的二(2-羟基乙基)二硫化物可以在化合物如润滑油添加剂制造中用作中间体并且用于三次采油中。
因此,本发明进一步涉及本发明的二(2-羟基乙基)二硫化物在化合物如润滑油添加剂制造中作为中间体的用途和在三次采油中的用途。
术语“三次采油”通常为熟练技术人员已知且为提高可以由油田采取的原油量的技术的通称。
三次采油可以通过注入各种化学品—通常作为稀溶液完成。这些化学品用来辅助迁移并降低表面张力。根据本发明,注入二(2-羟基乙基)二硫化物以降低妨碍油滴移动通过储油层的界面张力或毛细管压力。根据优选实施方案,将二(2-羟基乙基)二硫化物注入几口井中并在其他附近井中进行生产。
实施例
实施例1-7(根据本发明)
向270mL高压釜中装填2-巯基乙醇(1.43mol)、三正丁胺(0.15mol%)和相应铁盐(6.5×10-6mol Fe/mol 2-巯基乙醇)并在恒定空气气氛(15巴)下于40℃加热。24小时后通过1H-NMR分析反应混合物。
实施例8(对比):
根据本发明实施例1-7进行反应,但没有三正丁胺。
实施例1-7和8的结果示于下表中:
表1:
结果 | Fe(III)盐 | 产率(%) |
1 | Fe(NO3)3·9H2O | 91 |
2 | Fe2(SO4)3 | 93 |
3 | Fe(乙酰丙酮化物)3 | 95 |
4 | FeCl3·6H2O | 95 |
5 | FeCl3·6H2O 1) | 98 |
6 | FeCl3·6H2O 2) | 99 |
7 | FeCl3·6H2O 3) | 98 |
8(对比) | FeCl3·6H2O | <10% |
1)1.3×10-5mol Fe/mol 2-巯基乙醇和0.15mol%三正丁基胺
2)30巴
3)30巴,16小时
实施例9(对比,根据DE 10323839B3):
向270mL高压釜中装填2-巯基乙醇(1.43mol)、三正丁胺(0.15mol%)和MnSO4(6.5×10-6mol Mn/mol 2-巯基乙醇)并在恒定空气气氛(15巴)下于40℃加热。24小时后通过1H-NMR观察到97%产率。
Claims (13)
1.一种通过在包含作为催化剂的至少一种均相分布的含铁盐或配合物和至少一种叔胺的反应混合物中用氧气氧化2-巯基乙醇而制备二(2-羟基乙基)二硫化物的方法。
2.根据权利要求1的方法,其中所述至少一种铁盐或配合物选自有机或无机铁盐或配合物。
3.根据权利要求1或2的方法,其中所述至少一种铁盐包含氧化态为+2和/或+3的铁。
4.根据权利要求1-3中任一项的方法,其中所述至少一种任选含有至少一种中性配体如水的铁盐或配合物选自氧化铁(II)、氧化铁(III)、氧化铁(II,III)、硫化铁(II)、二硫化铁(II)、硫化铁(II,III)、磷酸锂铁(II)、氧化锂铁(III)、磷化铁(II)、磷化铁(III)、焦磷酸铁(III)、磷酸铁(III)、铁(III)离子载体IV、钼酸铁(II)、六氰基高铁(II)酸铵铁(III)、亚铁氰化铁(III)、5,10,15,20-四(五氟苯基)-21H,23H-卟啉氯化铁(III)、5,10,15,20-四苯基-21H,23H-卟吩氯化铁(III)、5,10,15,20-四(4-甲氧基苯基)-21H,23H-卟吩氯化铁(III)、2,3,7,8,12,13,17,18-八乙基-21h,23h-卟吩乙酸铁(III)、2,3,7,8,12,13,17,18-八乙基-21H,23H-卟吩氯化铁(III)、乙酰基-环戊二烯基-羰基铁(II)三苯基膦配合物、[N,N'-二(2-吡啶基甲基)]-2,2'-联吡咯烷二(乙腈)六氟锑酸铁(II)、钛酸铁(II)、硅化铁(II)、铁(III)离子载体VI、二(环戊二烯基)铁(II)、环戊二烯基(甲酰基环戊二烯基)铁(II)、(硼代环戊二烯基)环戊二烯基铁(II)、二(环戊二烯基)四氟硼酸铁(III)、环戊二烯基[(羟基甲基)环戊二烯基]铁(II)、二(乙酰基环戊二烯基)铁(II)、二(甲基环戊二烯基)铁(II)、二(乙基环戊二烯基)铁(II)、二(异丙基环戊二烯基)铁(II)、二氯二[邻亚苯基二(二苯基膦)]铁(II)、环戊二烯基二羰基碘化铁(II)、二(五甲基环戊二烯基)铁(II)、二(四甲基环戊二烯基)铁(II)、环戊二烯基二羰基(四氢呋喃)铁(II)、四氟硼酸三羰基(环辛四烯)铁(II)、环戊二烯基二羰基铁(II)二聚体、环戊二烯基(芴)六氟磷酸铁(II)、(烟酰胺基甲基)膦酸铁(II)盐、三羰基(2-甲氧基环己二烯)六氟磷酸铁(II)、三羰基(4-甲氧基-1-甲基环己二烯)四氟硼酸铁(II)、内消旋-四(4-N-甲基吡啶基)卟啉铁(III)、4-二甲氨基吡啶基(五苯基环戊二烯基)铁(II)、4-吡咯烷基吡啶基(五甲基环戊二烯基)铁(II)、2,6-二[1-(2,6-二异丙基苯基亚氨基)乙基]吡啶氯化铁(II)、(氨基甲基)膦酸铁(II)盐、二[(1E)-N-(氨基硫羰基)乙烷腙酰基]铁(II)、二[(1E)-N-(苯胺基硫羰基)乙烷腙酰基]铁(II)、二[(E)-(氨基硫羰基)亚肼基](苯基)甲基]铁(II)、异丙醇铁(III)、乙酸铁(II)、氧代乙酸高氯酸铁(III)、柠檬酸铵铁(III)、乙酰丙酮铁(II)、乙酰丙酮铁(III)、溴化铁(II)、溴化铁(III)、氯化铁(II)、氯化铁(III)、砷化铁(II)、砷化铁(III)、柠檬酸铁(III)、酞菁铁(II)二(吡啶)配合物、乙二铵硫酸铁(II)、草酸铁(II)、草酸铁(III)、草酸铵铁(III)、氟化铁(II)、氟化铁(III)、富马酸铁(II)、葡糖酸铁(II)、碘化铁(II)、碘化铁(III)、乳酸铁(II)、硝酸铁(III)、酞菁铁(II)、铁(III)酞菁-4,4',4”,4”'-四磺酸、氯化酞菁铁(III)、高氯酸铁(II)、高氯酸铁(III)、硫酸铁(II)、硫酸铁(III)、硫酸铵铁(II)、硫酸铵铁(III)、磷酸铁(II)、磷酸铁(III)、酒石酸铁(III)、(+)-抗坏血酸铁(II)、硬脂酸铁(II)、氨基磺酸铁(II)、四氟硼酸铁(II)、四乙铵四氯铁(III)、三(二苯甲酰基甲烷根合)铁(III)、三(乙二胺)硫酸铁(II)、对甲苯磺酸铁(III)、三氟甲磺酸铁(II)、三氟甲磺酸铁(III)、三氟乙酰丙酮铁(III)、二(邻-菲咯啉)氰化铁(II)、二(六氟乙酰丙酮根合)-(N,N,N',N'-四甲基乙二胺)铁(II)、乙二胺四乙酸铁(III)钠盐、二亚乙基三胺五乙酸铁(III)二钠盐、二(N,N'-二叔丁基乙脒根合)铁(II)、2-乙基己酸铁、环烷酸铁(III)、三(2,2,6,6-四甲基-3,5-庚二酮根合)铁(III)及其混合物。
5.根据权利要求1-4中任一项的方法,其中所述催化剂以0.1-50μmol铁/mol 2-巯基乙醇的量存在。
6.根据权利要求1-5中任一项的方法,其中所述至少一种叔胺含有3个相同或不同的在每种情况下具有1-20个碳原子的未支化或支化烷基,其中各碳原子还可以相互独立地被选自N或O的杂原子替代并且两个或三个基团还可以相互连接形成包含至少四个原子的链。
7.根据权利要求1-6中任一项的方法,其中所述至少一种叔胺选自三甲胺、三乙胺、三丙胺、三异丙胺、乙基二异丙胺、三正丁胺、三戊胺、三己胺、三环己胺、三异戊胺、三辛胺、三(2-乙基己基)胺、三硬脂胺、三油基胺、三癸胺、二甲基硬脂胺、N,N-二甲基苄基胺、N,N-二丁基苄基胺、N,N-二甲基苯胺、N,N-二己基苯胺、N,N-二乙基苯胺、N,N-二甲基甲苯胺、吡啶、喹啉、甲基吡啶、2,4-卢剔啶、2,6-卢剔啶、三甲基吡啶、2-甲基-5-乙基吡啶(可力丁)、N-甲基哌啶、N,N'-二甲基哌嗪、N-甲基吗啉、N-甲基吡咯烷、鹰爪豆碱、三(2-羟基乙基)胺、三(2-羟基丙基)胺、甲基二(2-羟基乙基)胺、(N,N-二甲氨基丙基)乙酰胺、辛基二乙基胺、N-辛基-N-羟基乙基甲基胺、N,N-二癸基甲基胺、N-十二烷基-N-十四烷基羟基乙基胺、N,N-二-十四烷基甲基胺、N-十四烷基二甲基胺、N-十六烷基-N-乙基甲基胺、N-十八烷基-N-二十烷基甲基胺、N-二十二烷基二甲基胺、N-二十四烷基二甲基胺、三亚乙基二胺、四甲基胍、DABCO、N,N,N',N”,N”-五甲基二亚乙基三胺、N,N,N',N'-四乙基-1,3-丙二胺、N,N,N',N'-四甲基-1,4-丁二胺、N,N,N',N'-四甲基-2-丁烯-1,4-二胺、N,N,N',N'-四甲基-1,6-己二胺、1,4,8,11-四甲基-1,4,8,11-四氮杂环十四烷、1,3,5-三甲基六氢-1,3,5-三嗪、DBU、DBN及其混合物。
8.根据权利要求1-7中任一项的方法,其中所述反应混合物包含2-巯基乙醇、二(2-羟基乙基)二硫化物、至少一种叔胺、至少一种含铁盐或配合物和氧气。
9.根据权利要求8的方法,其中所述反应混合物由2-巯基乙醇、二(2-羟基乙基)二硫化物、至少一种叔胺、至少一种含铁盐或配合物、水、氧气和任选其他组分构成。
10.根据权利要求1-9中任一项的方法,其中它在0-100℃的温度下进行。
11.根据权利要求1-10中任一项的方法,其中它在0.2-20巴(绝对)的氧气分压下进行。
12.可以用根据权利要求1-11中任一项的方法得到的二(2-羟基乙基)二硫化物。
13.根据权利要求12的二(2-羟基乙基)二硫化物在化合物如润滑油添加剂制造中作为中间体的用途和在三次采油中的用途。
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CN112812263A (zh) * | 2021-01-06 | 2021-05-18 | 山东师范大学 | 一种自愈合水凝胶的制备方法与应用 |
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WO2015086565A1 (en) | 2015-06-18 |
EP3080079A1 (en) | 2016-10-19 |
KR20160097257A (ko) | 2016-08-17 |
JP2017502945A (ja) | 2017-01-26 |
PL3080079T3 (pl) | 2018-12-31 |
CN105814017B (zh) | 2019-02-12 |
US20160318860A1 (en) | 2016-11-03 |
ES2692798T3 (es) | 2018-12-05 |
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