CN1058071C - 防止喷射器腐蚀的套管元件 - Google Patents
防止喷射器腐蚀的套管元件 Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
- F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
- F02M51/061—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
- F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
- F02M51/061—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
- F02M51/0625—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures
- F02M51/0664—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding
- F02M51/0671—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding the armature having an elongated valve body attached thereto
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/168—Assembling; Disassembling; Manufacturing; Adjusting
Abstract
一种非金属圆柱形套管(32)装配到一电磁线圈操纵的燃料喷射器(1)的金属阀体(30)部分的外面,用于遮盖存在于靠近喷嘴的下部O型环密封(44)和非金属过度模制部分(36)之间的另外的暴露金属(28),非金属过度模制部分(36)遮盖电磁线圈(18)和阀体连接部分。所述套管(32)和罩(36)在接合处(36a)相互连接,在接合处(36a)它们以这样形式相互轴向搭接,即组装时,对于各种零件的全部积累范围公差,确保暴露金属的覆盖范围和在阀体上的套管牢固性。
Description
发明领域
本发明涉及到电操作的燃料喷射器,用于内燃机的燃料喷射系统。
发明的背景
在WO91/11604中提供了一种电磁操作阀,其中的套管27是一塑料环,具有不同色彩来确定喷射器。在套管27和套管24之间由于没有相互搭接的接头部分,这两个部件之间必定留有间隙来适应制造公差。处于其下面的金属部件因而不能有效地被隐藏起来。
燃料喷射器的典型要求是能经得起长时间的腐蚀性盐的水雾环境,而且仍然没有显示出可见的难看的痕迹,如暴露金属生锈。以前的防腐方法包括电镀喷射器的金属零件的外表面,涂覆外表面,或采用不锈钢。
电镀和涂覆要求仔细的过程控制,以保证仅在所希望的区域内出现均匀的电镀/涂覆厚度:涉及到表面预处理和清洁度,而不平坦的表面覆盖导致防止腐蚀的失效。如果在零件组装部件之前进行电镀,则喷射器的内部污染可能导致没有耐久性或部件泄漏。在局部装配之后电镀或涂覆意味着使最后校准和形成的喷射器不正确运行或污染,这也可以产生无用的组件。另外,保证腐蚀防护的典型困难的一个喷射器区域,是位于动力组和阀组之间的配合区域。
尽管电镀或涂覆不涉及到附加一个附加的分离“元件”,但这是一个额外的过程,典型地要求化学混合或附着方面的经验。常规的额外步骤和利用专家的相关费用是很贵的。由于旧产品回收利用的环境问题得到日益重视,使得很多被证实的电镀解决办法在将来无法使用。
外部的喷射器元件采用不锈钢是另一种提高腐蚀保护的传统解决办法,但不锈钢在刀具磨损方面存在有缺点,而且材料的费用过高。
本发明的目的是提供一种低成本,插入或压上的可塑性套管元件,用于燃料喷射器下端的腐蚀保护。由于该结构方案,套管可以成功地覆盖暴露的钢的不同部分,适于任意元件重叠情况。
本发明的一种用于向内燃机喷射燃料的电操作的燃料喷射器,包括:燃料进口;具有阀座的喷嘴,经过该喷嘴燃料从喷射器被喷入到发动机中;位于喷射器内部并用于将进入燃料进口的燃料输送到喷嘴的内部通道;容纳喷嘴和至少一部分内部通道的喷射器的金属阀体结构;带有电动执行机构和阀并用于根据所述电动执行机构可选择的供电来可选择地打开和关闭阀座的机构;围绕金属阀体结构安装并靠近喷嘴的环形密封;位于燃料喷射器上的非金属罩,其具有以遮盖执行机构和与环状密封相分离的金属阀体结构的一部分的关系轴向延伸的侧壁,这样位于环状密封和非金属罩之间的金属阀体结构的轴向部分是可以暴露的金属,包括:非金属圆柱形套管,以基本上能全部隐蔽所见到的暴露金属的遮盖关系装配到金属阀体结构上,所述的套管和非金属罩的侧壁相互搭接地连接在一起,其中所述套管的一部分和所述盖的一部分相互轴向搭接。
本发明其它的各种特征,优点和本发明的状况,在以后的说明和权利要求中可以看出,所述的说明和权利要求附加有附图,该附图根据现在为实现本发明所期待的最好模式,公开了一种本发明的现在最佳的典型实施例。
附图的简要说明
图1所示为本发明的一个燃料喷射器具体结构的纵剖面图。
图2和图3所示分别为图1所示的变型方案的局部放大纵剖面图。
优选实施例的描述
图1所示为一种典型的燃料喷射器10,其包括有多个零件:燃料进口管12,调节管14,过滤器组件16,线圈组件18,螺旋弹簧20,电枢22,针阀24,非磁性套管26,阀体套管28,阀体30,塑料套管32,线圈组件壳体34,非金属罩36,针导向元件38,阀座元件40,薄圆盘孔元件41,支撑座元件42,小的O型环密封43,和大的O型环密封44。
如在许多平常所给定的专利例如US-5174505中所示,在燃料喷射器10的喷嘴端部,安装有由针导向元件38,阀座元件40,薄圆盘孔元件41,支撑座元件42和小的O型环密封43所构成的层叠组件。电枢22和针阀24连接在一起构成电枢/针阀组件。线圈组件18包括有一其上绕有电磁线圈48的塑性线轴46。线圈48的各个终端连接到所形成的各个端子50、52上,以构成一个用于将燃料喷射器连接到操作该燃料喷射器的电子控制回路(没示出)上的电动连接器54,端子50、52与作为罩36的整体部分而构成的包裹层53相配合成形。
燃料进口管12是铁磁性的,并包括有位于被暴露的顶端的燃料进口孔56。围绕燃料进口管12的外表面,恰好低于燃料进口孔56而安置的环58与罩36的端表面60和管12的插入外径协同配合,构成用于环形密封61的槽,密封61典型地被利用对相连的燃道(没示出)中的杯或座和燃料喷射器进口之间进行密封。当燃料喷射器被安装在发动机上时,通过发动机引入进口系统(没示出)中的孔由下部O型环44提供流体紧密密封。过滤器组件16被安装在调节管14顶端的开口上,用于在燃料进入到调节管14之前滤清任一种来自于经过进口孔56进入的燃料中的大小大于一定尺寸的颗粒物料。
在被校准的燃料喷射器中,调节管14在燃料进口管12内的轴向轴向定位,燃料进口管12压缩弹簧20,使弹簧20产生所希望的偏压力,用该偏压力推动电枢/针阀,以致使针阀24的圆尖座落在阀座元件40上,闭合通过阀座的中心孔。更优选的是,在调节校准完成之后,管14和12被压接在一起,以保持它们相对的轴向位置。
燃料在通过调节管14之后进入到一个由进口管12和电枢22的相对的端部配合所确定的空间62,该空间62中容放有弹簧20。电枢22包括有将空间62与阀体30中的通道65连通的通道64,电枢22还包括有带有燃料通道孔38A的导向元件38。这允许燃料从空间62经过通道64、65流到阀座元件40。燃料流动径迹由图1中的一系列箭头标明。
非铁磁性套管26可伸缩地安装并连接在进口管12的下端,如通过密封的激光焊接。套管26具有一个套在燃料进口管12下端的整个管状颈部68上的管状颈部66。套管26也具有一个从颈部66向外径向延伸的肩部69。肩部69本身在其朝喷射器的喷嘴端轴向延伸的外部边缘上具有一个短的圆形凸缘70。阀体套管28是铁磁性的,最好也通过密封激光焊接,以流体紧密方式连接到非铁磁套管26上。
阀体30的上端紧密地与阀体套管28的下端的内部相配合,并且最好也通过激光焊接将此两部件流体紧密地连接到一起。电枢22通过阀体30的内壁,特别是根据位于阀体30上端的孔眼67的内径导向而轴向往复运动。另外,电枢/针阀组件的轴向导向还通过针阀24经过的元件38的中心导孔实现。
在图1所示的闭合位置,在燃料进口管12的颈部68的环状端面与相对的电枢22的环状端面之间存在有一小的工作间隙72。线圈壳体34和管12在74处相接触,并构成一个与线圈组件18相连的定子结构。非铁磁套管26保证当线圈48通电时,磁通将通过包括电枢22的路径。在壳体34的下部轴向端部,壳体34通过密封激光焊接与阀体套管28连接在一起,磁回路从该壳体34的下部轴向端开始,通过阀体套管28、阀体30和孔眼67向电枢22延伸,并从电枢22经过工作间隙72到进口管12,然后返回到壳体34。当线圈48通电时,克服作用在电枢22上的弹簧力,将电枢向着进口管12方向吸引,使工作间隙72减小。这使针阀24离开阀座元件40,打开燃料喷射器,结果燃料从喷射器的喷嘴中喷出。当线圈停止通电时,弹簧20将电枢/针阀紧密地压在阀座元件40上。
所示的燃料进口管12包括有一截头圆锥状的肩部78,其外径分为较大直径部分80和较小直径部分82。线轴46包括有中心通孔84,该孔具有将此通孔分为较大直径部分88和较小直径部分90的截头圆锥状的肩部86。肩部86具有一个与肩部78相互补的截头圆锥形状。
图1示出了轴向相隔开的肩部78和86,并也表示出了通孔84部分和相互轴向搭接的燃料进口管12的外径部分。通孔84搭接部分由肩部86和恰好位于肩部86上方的通孔较大直径部分88的一部分构成。管道12的外径搭接部分由肩部78和该管的较小直径部分82的一部分构成。此重要涉及到装配线圈组件18、燃料进口管12及套管26和28的工艺步骤,如在Bryan C.Hall的一般公知的美国专利系列申请号US-08/292456中所公开的,该专利申请的名称为:“用于小直径焊接燃料喷射器的线圈”,并且其申请日相同。如果读者希望进一步地了解该发明的细节,可以参照其公开内容。
本发明涉及塑料套管32和它与燃料喷射器10的其他零件的关系。图1所示为阶梯状圆柱形的套管32的实施例,其包括有较小直径的下端轴向部分32a,较大直径的上部轴向部分32b,和连接两部分32a和32b的台阶32c。下部部分32a具有圆形的内、外直径,构成厚度均匀的径向壁,除了位于部分32b上部终端的薄的扩孔32d外,上部部分32b也是如此。扩孔的径向内边缘被轻微倒角。台阶32c具有连接两部分32a和32b的内径的内肩部,和连接所述两部分的外径的截头圆锥外表面。台阶32的内肩部的径向内边缘也具有轻微倒角。
在阀组和动力组连接在一起之后,而在O型环44被放置在接近喷嘴的阀体30的外侧槽中之前,套管32可以被装配在燃料喷射器上。套管32与燃料喷射器的喷嘴端同轴对准,并且两者可以一起相对移动,直到套管位于图1所示位置为止。套管通过如压配合或按扣配合到零件28和30之一上而被保持在不需要任何单独固定件的位置中。例如上部部分32b的内径可以套到零件28的外径上。在套管被恰当地安装之后,位于阀体30上的O型环44组件阻挡住位于燃料喷射器上的套管。套管的下部终端位于接收O型环44的槽的上部边缘,而上部终端靠近过度模制(overmold)罩36的下端。罩36的下部终端带有一个用于与套管22的上部终端相互配合的外部槽36a,以致当它们各自外径基本相等时,两者相互轴向搭接,结果套管与搭接的盖36在外部基本齐平。当考虑到上述燃料喷射器的总体制造装配积累公差时,处于搭接连接的两零件32、36的恰当轴向尺寸与没有上述搭接连接相比较,提供较好的里层裸露金属的屏蔽,同时确保了套管32恰当地牢固安装。换句话说,搭接连接尽可能地减小或全部消除通过两零件32、36之间的间隙可以看到里层裸露金属的可能性,和两个零件在它们被装配在一起时过早地紧靠在一起的可能性,因此防止套管32恰当地安装和保持在燃料喷射器上。
套管32可以用普通的塑料材料,采用通用的制造方法生产。所述塑料是不透明的,以便为里层裸露金属提供所希望的隐蔽,并且它可以用特定的颜料着色,以达到美观或零件识别的目的。从它的与过度模制罩36相搭接连接可以看出,套管32轴向延伸来遮盖阀体30的圆形凸缘30f,阀体30构成O型环44的槽的上侧壁,并且由于O型环具有在所述槽中的紧密的轴向配合,所以套管延伸到非常接近O型环的位置,但当燃料喷射器安装在发动机上时,这并不影响O型环的密封作用。
图2所示为另一种实施例,其中套管32在其下端具有一个取代阀体30上的圆形凸缘30f的径向向内指向的凸缘32f,而它曾用来构成O形环44的槽的上侧壁。在此实施例中,套管32单独构成O型环的槽上侧。
图3所示为其他一种实施例,其中O型环44进一步远离喷嘴的端部。这迫使缩短下部部分32a的轴向尺寸,但套管的下部终端具有径向向内指向的凸缘32f,该凸缘32f单独构成O型环44的槽的上部侧面。
虽然本发明的优选实施例现已被图示和说明,但可以看出,本发明的原理适用于以下权利要求范围内全部相当的结构和方法。
Claims (7)
1.一种用于向内燃机喷射燃料的电操作的燃料喷射器,包括:燃料进口;具有阀座的喷嘴,经过该喷嘴燃料从喷射器被喷入到发动机中;位于喷射器内部并用于将进入燃料进口的燃料输送到喷嘴的内部通道;容纳喷嘴和至少一部分内部通道的喷射器的金属阀体结构;带有电动执行机构和阀并用于根据所述电动执行机构可选择的供电来可选择地打开和关闭阀座的机构;围绕金属阀体结构安装并靠近喷嘴的环形密封;位于燃料喷射器上的非金属罩,其具有以遮盖执行机构和与环状密封相分离的金属阀体结构的一部分的关系轴向延伸的侧壁,这样位于环状密封和非金属罩之间的金属阀体结构的轴向部分是可以暴露的金属,
包括:
非金属圆柱形套管,以基本上能全部隐蔽所见到的暴露金属的遮盖关系装配到金属阀体结构上,所述的套管和非金属罩的侧壁相互搭接地连接在一起,其中所述套管的一部分和所述盖的一部分相互轴向搭接。
2.根据权利要求1所述的燃料喷射器,其特征是环形密封是一O型环密封,并且阀体结构包括一构成O型环密封槽上侧壁的凸缘,所述的套管具有基本上与所述槽平齐配置的轴向终端。
3.根据权利要求1所述的燃料喷射器,其特征是环形密封是一O型环密封,所述套管包括有轴向终端,该终端具有单独构成所述O型环密封的槽的上侧壁的径向向内指向的凸缘。
4.根据权利要求1所述的燃料喷射器,其特征是靠近所述非金属罩的所述侧壁的所述套管的轴向部分相对靠近所述O型环密封的所述套管的轴向部分是径向增大的。
5.根据权利要求1所述的燃料喷射器,其特征是所述套管的所述部分相对罩的所述部分径向向外配置。
6.根据权利要求5所述的燃料喷射器,其特征是所述相互搭接的部分的构造和排列为,使所述套管和罩在它们相连接处具有齐平的外表面。
7.根据权利要求1所述燃料喷射器,其特征是所述套管的所述部分具有外部槽,所述的罩部分在侧壁的端部具有互补的外部槽。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US08/292,458 | 1994-08-18 | ||
US08/292,458 US5494225A (en) | 1994-08-18 | 1994-08-18 | Shell component to protect injector from corrosion |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN1155321A CN1155321A (zh) | 1997-07-23 |
CN1058071C true CN1058071C (zh) | 2000-11-01 |
Family
ID=23124767
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN95194651A Expired - Fee Related CN1058071C (zh) | 1994-08-18 | 1995-08-09 | 防止喷射器腐蚀的套管元件 |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5494225A (zh) |
EP (1) | EP0776415B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JPH10504626A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR100375041B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1058071C (zh) |
BR (1) | BR9508611A (zh) |
DE (1) | DE69505829T2 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO1996006276A1 (zh) |
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1994
- 1994-08-18 US US08/292,458 patent/US5494225A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1995
- 1995-08-09 DE DE69505829T patent/DE69505829T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-08-09 KR KR1019970701047A patent/KR100375041B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-08-09 BR BR9508611A patent/BR9508611A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-08-09 CN CN95194651A patent/CN1058071C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-08-09 EP EP95928794A patent/EP0776415B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-08-09 JP JP8508118A patent/JPH10504626A/ja not_active Ceased
- 1995-08-09 WO PCT/US1995/010093 patent/WO1996006276A1/en active IP Right Grant
Patent Citations (1)
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WO1991011604A2 (de) * | 1990-02-03 | 1991-08-08 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Elektromagnetisch betätigbares ventil |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0776415A1 (en) | 1997-06-04 |
KR100375041B1 (ko) | 2003-04-18 |
DE69505829D1 (de) | 1998-12-10 |
WO1996006276A1 (en) | 1996-02-29 |
BR9508611A (pt) | 1997-11-25 |
CN1155321A (zh) | 1997-07-23 |
KR970705702A (ko) | 1997-10-09 |
US5494225A (en) | 1996-02-27 |
JPH10504626A (ja) | 1998-05-06 |
DE69505829T2 (de) | 1999-04-08 |
EP0776415B1 (en) | 1998-11-04 |
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