CN105802714A - 一种老旧车专用汽油机油及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种老旧车专用汽油机油及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN105802714A
CN105802714A CN201610221515.3A CN201610221515A CN105802714A CN 105802714 A CN105802714 A CN 105802714A CN 201610221515 A CN201610221515 A CN 201610221515A CN 105802714 A CN105802714 A CN 105802714A
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黄毅
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种老旧车专用汽油机油，由下述重量份的原料组成：单烯基丁二酰亚胺0.8‑1.0份、烷基苯磺酸钙0.4‑0.6份、聚甲基丙烯酸酯0.25‑0.45份、氢化苯乙烯双烯共聚物8‑12份、抗磨剂0.4‑0.9份、二甲基硅油0.002‑0.005份、基础油80‑90份。本发明一种老旧车专用汽油机油，具有良好的抗磨、清净性能，可以有效密封发动机由于磨损所产生的间隙，提高发动机的密闭性，对发动机进行修复，使燃料燃烧完全，广泛适用于老旧车。

Description

一种老旧车专用汽油机油及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及润滑油技术领域，具体涉及一种老旧车专用汽油机油
背景技术
机动车辆或其他设备在工作过程中所排放出的废气。在现代文明中，汽车已经成为人类不可缺少的交通运输工具。但是，在汽车产业高速发展、汽车产量和保有量不断增加的同时，汽车也带来了大气污染，即汽车尾气污染。在中国大中型城市，汽车尾气排放已成为主要的大气污染源。有资料表明，上海市的汽车总量只相当于日本东京的1/12，但空气中主要由汽车排放的CO、HC和NOx的总量却基本相同。中国在用汽车量随着经济的迅速发展和社会需要的增加，将大幅度增长。由此可见，减少汽车尾气排放物的紧迫性。
老旧车指使用时间较长，污染控制水平差，未达到国家第四阶段排放标准的车辆。包括2000年7月1日至2007年12月31日登记注册的燃料为汽油的微、小型客车汽车和微型货车；2001年10月1日至2007年12月31日登记注册燃料为汽油的轻型货车；2003年7月1日至2007年12月31日，燃料为汽油的中、重型载货汽车和中、大型载客汽车。
虽然大部分老旧车在使用年限上未达到国家机动车强制报废的年限，但由于老旧车长时间使用，气缸与缸套之间磨损较严重，发动机密封性能不好，造成燃料燃烧不完全，使尾气排放不能达到国家标准，需要予以强制报废。
本发明提供了一种老旧车专用汽油机油，能够有效减少尾气排放。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足，本发明解决的技术问题是提供一种老旧车专用汽油机油及其制备方法。
本发明的技术方案如下：
一种老旧车专用汽油机油，由下述重量份的原料组成：单烯基丁二酰亚胺0.8-1.0份、烷基苯磺酸钙0.4-0.6份、聚甲基丙烯酸酯0.25-0.45份、氢化苯乙烯双烯共聚物8-12份、抗磨剂0.4-0.9份、二甲基硅油0.002-0.005份、基础油80-90份。
所述的基础油由癸二酸二壬酯、癸二酸二丁酯、季戊四醇四肉豆蔻酸酯混合而成，所述癸二酸二壬酯、癸二酸二丁酯、季戊四醇四肉豆蔻酸酯的质量比为(1-3)：(1-3)：(1-3)。
优选地，所述的抗磨剂由40-60wt％硼酸三癸基酯和40-60wt％硼酸三丁酯组成。
本发明还提供了上述老旧车专用汽油机油的制备方法，将单烯基丁二酰亚胺、烷基苯磺酸钙、聚甲基丙烯酸酯、氢化苯乙烯双烯共聚物、抗磨剂、二甲基硅油、基础油加入调和釜中混合均匀，即得所述老旧车专用汽油机油。
本发明一种老旧车专用汽油机油，具有良好的抗磨、清净性能，可以有效密封发动机由于磨损所产生的间隙，提高发动机的密闭性，对发动机进行修复，使燃料燃烧完全，广泛适用于老旧车。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明做进一步的说明，以下所述，仅是对本发明的较佳实施例而已，并非对本发明做其他形式的限制，任何熟悉本专业的技术人员可能利用上述揭示的技术内容加以变更为同等变化的等效实施例。凡是未脱离本发明方案内容，依据本发明的技术实质对以下实施例所做的任何简单修改或等同变化，均落在本发明的保护范围内。
实施例各原料介绍：
硼酸三癸基酯，CAS号：20236-81-1。
硼酸三丁酯，CAS号：688-74-4。
癸二酸二壬酯，CAS号：4121-16-8。
癸二酸二丁酯，CAS号：109-43-3。
季戊四醇四肉豆蔻酸酯，CAS号：18641-59-3。
单烯基丁二酰亚胺，其结构式如下：
其中，PIB为分子量为1000的聚异丁烯，n＝3。
烷基苯磺酸钙采用专利申请号：200810011923.1中实施例1的方法制备。
聚甲基丙烯酸酯，采用专利申请号：201410753667.9中实施例1的方法制备聚甲基丙烯酸酯降凝剂。
氢化苯乙烯异戊二烯共聚物为氢化聚苯乙烯-b-苯乙烯/丁二烯/异戊二烯无规共聚物，具体采用专利申请号：201410115135.2中实施例1的方法制备。
二甲基硅油，CAS号：63148-62-9，采用道康宁PMX-200常规粘度消泡剂二甲基硅油，粘度350cs。
实施例1
老旧车专用汽油机油原料(重量份)：单烯基丁二酰亚胺0.9份、烷基苯磺酸钙0.5份、聚甲基丙烯酸酯0.3份、氢化苯乙烯双烯共聚物10份、抗磨剂0.6份、二甲基硅油0.003份、基础油84份。
所述的基础油由癸二酸二壬酯、癸二酸二丁酯、季戊四醇四肉豆蔻酸酯按质量比为1：1：1搅拌混合均匀得到。
所述的抗磨剂由50wt％硼酸三癸基酯和50wt％硼酸三丁酯搅拌混合均匀得到。
老旧车专用汽油机油制备：将基础油加入调和釜中，升温至85℃，加入聚甲基丙烯酸酯、氢化苯乙烯双烯共聚物，保持温度为85℃，300转/分，搅拌30分钟；加入单烯基丁二酰亚胺、烷基苯磺酸钙、抗磨剂、二甲基硅油，保持温度为85℃，300转/分，搅拌30分钟；冷却至室温。得到实施例1的老旧车专用汽油机油。
实施例2
与实施例1基本相同，区别仅仅在于：所述的基础油由癸二酸二丁酯、季戊四醇四肉豆蔻酸酯按质量比为1：1搅拌混合均匀得到。得到实施例2的老旧车专用汽油机油。
实施例3
与实施例1基本相同，区别仅仅在于：所述的基础油由癸二酸二壬酯、季戊四醇四肉豆蔻酸酯按质量比为1：1搅拌混合均匀得到。得到实施例3的老旧车专用汽油机油。
实施例4
与实施例1基本相同，区别仅仅在于：所述的基础油由癸二酸二壬酯、癸二酸二丁酯按质量比为1：1搅拌混合均匀得到。得到实施例4的老旧车专用汽油机油。
实施例5
与实施例1基本相同，区别仅仅在于：所述的抗磨剂仅为硼酸三癸基酯。得到实施例5的老旧车专用汽油机油。
实施例6
与实施例1基本相同，区别仅仅在于：所述的抗磨剂仅为硼酸三丁酯。得到实施例6的老旧车专用汽油机油。
测试例1
对实施例1-6制备的老旧车专用汽油机油进行缸压测定。
老旧车辆长期使用，气缸内壁因磨损而变得凹凸不平，导致密封性显著下降，当发动机油在发动机运转过程中，由于剪切力的作用，在发动机表面形成硼酸复合膜、聚四氟乙烯吸附膜，特别是具有耐高温、耐极压的渗硼渗碳层自修复复合膜，改善活塞和缸套之间的密封性，防止摩擦表面磨损的加剧，并提高缸压，有效延长发动机的使用寿命。
采用同一辆2003年生产老旧奥迪车更换不同机油使用气缸压力表进行测试，测试时保证蓄电池电力充足；用规定转矩拧紧气缸盖螺栓；测定清洗空气滤清器；起动机带动发动机运转，转速在850r/min；发动机工作温度为75℃、油温50℃。检测时，将气缸压力表安装到发动机上，接通起动机供发动机运转(但不工作)，等压力表指针达到最大稳定值后读数。具体结果见下表1。
表1：缸压测试结果表
项目 实施例1 实施例2 实施例3 实施例4 实施例5 实施例6
缸压，kpa 1450 1420 1390 1400 1410 1420
比较实施例1与实施例2-4，实施例1(癸二酸二壬酯、癸二酸二丁酯、季戊四醇四肉豆蔻酸酯复配)缸压明显高于实施例2-4(癸二酸二壬酯、癸二酸二丁酯、季戊四醇四肉豆蔻酸酯中任意二者复配)；比较实施例1与实施例5-6，实施例1(硼酸三癸基酯和硼酸三丁酯复配)缸压明显高于实施例5-6(硼酸三癸基酯和硼酸三丁酯中单一原料)。
测试例2
对实施例1-6制备的老旧车专用汽油机油进行尾气排放试验。
由于发动机密封性的改善，抑制了压缩和动力冲程中串气、串油的现象，从而也延长了发动机润滑油的使用寿命和改善发动机的内部润滑，气缸缸压的提高保证更加有效的燃料燃烧，从而降低了燃油消耗和有害气体的排放，在2003年产老旧奥迪车上更换本发明实施例所得油品和市售参比油，使用FGA-4100型汽车排气分析仪进行测试。具体结果见下表2。
表2：尾气排放测试结果表
比较实施例1与实施例2-4，实施例1(癸二酸二壬酯、癸二酸二丁酯、季戊四醇四肉豆蔻酸酯复配)尾气排放明显低于实施例2-4(癸二酸二壬酯、癸二酸二丁酯、季戊四醇四肉豆蔻酸酯中任意二者复配)；比较实施例1与实施例5-6，实施例1(硼酸三癸基酯和硼酸三丁酯复配)尾气排放明显低于实施例5-6(硼酸三癸基酯和硼酸三丁酯中单一原料)。

Claims (3)

1.一种老旧车专用汽油机油，其特征在于，由下述重量份的原料组成：单烯基丁二酰亚胺0.8-1.0份、烷基苯磺酸钙0.4-0.6份、聚甲基丙烯酸酯0.25-0.45份、氢化苯乙烯双烯共聚物8-12份、抗磨剂0.4-0.9份、二甲基硅油0.002-0.005份、基础油80-90份；
所述的基础油由癸二酸二壬酯、癸二酸二丁酯、季戊四醇四肉豆蔻酸酯混合而成，所述癸二酸二壬酯、癸二酸二丁酯、季戊四醇四肉豆蔻酸酯的质量比为(1-3)：(1-3)：(1-3)。
2.如权利要求1所述的老旧车专用汽油机油，其特征在于：所述的抗磨剂由40-60wt％硼酸三癸基酯和40-60wt％硼酸三丁酯组成。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的老旧车专用汽油机油的制备方法，其特征在于：将单烯基丁二酰亚胺、烷基苯磺酸钙、聚甲基丙烯酸酯、氢化苯乙烯双烯共聚物、抗磨剂、二甲基硅油、基础油加入调和釜中混合均匀，即得所述老旧车专用汽油机油。
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