CN105800757B - 一种染料废水处理剂 - Google Patents
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
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- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
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- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical class CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5236—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
- C02F1/5245—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents using basic salts, e.g. of aluminium and iron
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
- B01J31/22—Organic complexes
- B01J31/2204—Organic complexes the ligands containing oxygen or sulfur as complexing atoms
- B01J31/2208—Oxygen, e.g. acetylacetonates
- B01J31/2213—At least two complexing oxygen atoms present in an at least bidentate or bridging ligand
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- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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Abstract
本发明涉及废水处理领域，特别涉及一种染料废水处理剂。一种染料废水处理剂，由如下重量百分数的组分组成：聚合氯化铝铁3~12%；膨润土10~22%；聚丙烯酸钠2~5%；活性炭1~5%；可见光催化剂0.3~0.8%，并用蒸馏水补足至100%。本染料废水处理剂的制作原料来源广泛，能有效去除水中的有机染料，处理有机染料彻底、处理成本低，无毒性、无污染。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及废水处理领域，特别涉及一种染料废水处理剂。
背景技术
目前有机染料废水已经成为主要的水体污染源之一。该废水具有水量大、浓度高、成分复杂、色度深和难降解等特点。大多数染料还具有毒性、致癌性、致畸和致突变的作用。亚甲基蓝是一种重要的有机化学合成阳离子染料，工业应用非常广泛。例如，可应用于麻、蚕丝织物、纸张的染色及竹、木的着色，应用于生物、细菌组织的染色以及应用于制造墨水和色淀等，但它很难被一些常规的方法所降解，容易引起严重的环境污染问题。因此，开发一种简单而且高效处理亚甲基蓝染料废水的废水处理剂具有重要的意义。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是一种具有高效处理亚甲基蓝染料的废水处理剂。
本发明所要解决的技术问题通过以下技术方案予以实现：
一种染料废水处理剂，由如下重量百分数的组分组成：
聚合氯化铝铁3~12%；膨润土10~22%；聚丙烯酸钠2~5%；活性炭1~5%；可见光催化剂0.3~0.8%，并用蒸馏水补足至100%；其中，所述可见光催化剂的化学式为(C14H6N2O8)(C27H15O9)Zn2；其中，C14H6N2O8为3,3'-二硝基-[1,1'-联苯基]-4,4'-二羧酸根，C27H15O9为4,4',4''-(苯-1,3,5-三基三(氧代))三苯甲酸根，所述可见光催化剂为三斜晶系，P-1空间群，晶胞参数为a=21.780(3) Å，b=15.328(5) Å，c=20.563(9) Å，α=78.487(6) º，β=83.284(4) º，γ=85.658(8) º，V=6864.83(1) Å3。
上述染料废水处理剂在处理亚甲基蓝染料中的应用。
本发明具有如下有益效果：
本染料废水处理剂的制作原料来源广泛，能有效去除水中的有机染料，处理有机染料彻底、处理成本低，无毒性、无污染。而且本发明的染料废水处理剂通过添加新型的可见光催化剂在可见光照射下能有效处理亚甲基蓝染料废水，无二次污染产生，并且运行费用低等特点，有很高的实际应用价值。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明进行详细的说明，实施例仅是本发明的优选实施方式，不是对本发明的限定。
本发明采用的可见光催化剂按照如下方法合成：
将0.1mmol3,3'-二硝基-[1,1'-联苯基]-4,4'-二羧酸（英文为：3,3'-dinitro-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4,4'-dicarboxylic acid）、0.1mmol4,4',4''-(苯-1,3,5-三基三(氧代))三苯甲酸（英文为：4,4',4''-(benzene-1,3,5-triyltris(oxy))tribenzoic acid）和0.2mmol硝酸锌溶于10mL乙醇和10mL二甲基甲酰胺的混合溶剂当中，用氨水将其pH调节为7.6，在室温下搅拌形成混合液A，然后将所述混合液A在80℃下回流36小时得到混合液B，随后将混合液B转移到聚四氟乙烯高压反应釜中，将其放在160℃烘箱中反应48小时，之后以5℃/小时降至室温过滤得到所述可见光催化剂，产率为78.3%（基于锌）。
然后将所得的可见光催化剂进行单晶表征。
该可见光催化剂的X射线衍射数据是在Bruker Smart Apex CCD面探衍射仪上，用MoKα辐射(λ = 0.71073 Å)，以ω扫描方式收集并进行Lp因子校正，吸收校正使用SADABS程序。用直接法解结构，然后用差值傅立叶法求出全部非氢原子坐标，并用理论加氢法得到氢原子位置(C−H 1.083 Å)，用最小二乘法对结构进行修正。计算工作在PC机上用SHELXTL程序包完成。
经测试解析可知，该可见光催化剂的化学式为(C14H6N2O8)(C27H15O9)Zn2；其中，C14H6N2O8为3,3'-二硝基-[1,1'-联苯基]-4,4'-二羧酸根，C27H15O9为4,4',4''-(苯-1,3,5-三基三(氧代))三苯甲酸根，该可见光催化剂为三斜晶系，P-1空间群，晶胞参数为a=21.780(3) Å，b=15.328(5) Å，c=20.563(9) Å，α=78.487(6) º，β=83.284(4) º，γ=85.658(8) º，V=6864.83(1) Å3，Z=8。本发明的采用的可见光催化剂不但可以对亚甲基蓝染料进行吸附，并且在可见光的作用下能够有效对亚甲基蓝染料进行催化降解。
另外，如无特别说明，以下实施例均采用上述合成方法所得的可见光催化剂。
本发明的染料废水处理剂的制备方法为本技术领域常规的混合方法，因此在本发明中不再详细描述。
实施例1
一种染料废水处理剂，由如下重量百分数的组分组成：
聚合氯化铝铁3.5%；膨润土20%；聚丙烯酸钠4%；活性炭3%；可见光催化剂0.5%，并用蒸馏水补足至100%。
实施例2
一种染料废水处理剂，由如下重量百分数的组分组成：
聚合氯化铝铁7%；膨润土13%；聚丙烯酸钠2.5%；活性炭4.5%；可见光催化剂0.8%，并用蒸馏水补足至100%。
实施例3
一种染料废水处理剂，由如下重量百分数的组分组成：
聚合氯化铝铁10%；膨润土16%；聚丙烯酸钠5%；活性炭1%；可见光催化剂0.3%，并用蒸馏水补足至100%。
对比例1
一种染料废水处理剂，由如下重量百分数的组分组成：
聚合氯化铝铁3.5%；膨润土20%；聚丙烯酸钠4%；活性炭3%；并用蒸馏水补足至100%。
性能测试
取1克上述实施例和对比例的废水处理剂降解亚甲基蓝废水，亚甲基蓝浓度为10mg/L，体积为200mL，在可见光和搅拌的作用下于常温常压催化降解亚甲基蓝一定时间，然后在高速离心机上离心，取上清液，采用分光光度计，在亚甲基蓝最大吸收波长处（660nm）测量吸光度，按吸光度-浓度工作曲线换算成亚甲基蓝水溶液的浓度，分别计算降解时间为3分钟、5分钟、10分钟的数据，亚甲基蓝降解率如表1所示。
表1亚甲基蓝降解率表
从以上实施例和对比例的数据可知，本发明采用新型的可见光催化剂能够有效对亚甲基蓝染料进行催化降解。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对本发明专利范围的限制，但凡采用等同替换或等效变换的形式所获得的技术方案，均应落在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (1)
1.一种亚甲基蓝染料废水处理剂，其特征在于由如下重量百分数的组分组成：
聚合氯化铝铁3~12%；膨润土10~22%；聚丙烯酸钠2~5%；活性炭1~5%；可见光催化剂0.3~0.8%，并用蒸馏水补足至100%；其中，所述可见光催化剂的化学式为(C14H6N2O8)(C27H15O9)Zn2；其中，C14H6N2O8为3,3'-二硝基-[1,1'-联苯基]-4,4'-二羧酸根，C27H15O9为4,4',4''-(苯-1,3,5-三基三(氧代))三苯甲酸根；所述可见光催化剂为三斜晶系，P-1空间群，晶胞参数为a=21.780(3) Å，b=15.328(5) Å，c=20.563(9) Å，α=78.487(6) º，β=83.284(4) º，γ=85.658(8) º，V=6864.83(1) Å3；
所述可见光催化剂按照以下方法合成：将0.1 mmol3,3'-二硝基-[1,1'-联苯基]-4,4'-二羧酸、0.1 mmol4,4',4''-(苯-1,3,5-三基三(氧代))三苯甲酸和0.2mmol硝酸锌溶于10mL乙醇和10mL二甲基甲酰胺的混合溶剂当中，用氨水将其pH调节为7.6，在室温下搅拌形成混合液A，然后将所述混合液A在80℃下回流36小时得到混合液B，随后将混合液B转移到聚四氟乙烯高压反应釜中，将其放在160℃烘箱中反应48小时，之后以5℃/小时降至室温过滤得到所述可见光催化剂。
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