CN105797678A - 一种复合型中温二氧化碳吸附剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种复合型中温二氧化碳吸附剂及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN105797678A
CN105797678A CN201610208418.0A CN201610208418A CN105797678A CN 105797678 A CN105797678 A CN 105797678A CN 201610208418 A CN201610208418 A CN 201610208418A CN 105797678 A CN105797678 A CN 105797678A
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杜涛
刘丽影
王义松
房鑫
宋延丽
未艺超
张斌
王玉顺
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Northeastern University China
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Abstract

本发明公开了属于环保技术领域中的一种新型复合型中温二氧化碳吸附剂及其制备方法,用于吸附分离工业烟气中的CO2。本发明方法制备的二氧化碳吸附剂,其特征在于,它是在作为支撑材料的有序介孔氧化硅MCM‑41上,采用共沉淀法制得的镁铝型水滑石复合材料,解决了现有中温二氧化碳吸附剂吸附效率低的问题,此方法工艺简单,操作简易。本发明方法制备的吸附剂在150~300℃及包含一定的水分的气体中,对二氧化碳有较强的选择吸附能力,并且不需要提前将烟气降温处理。此外,该吸附剂还有制备成本低、循环再生性能好以及在吸附分离过程中无二次污染的特点。

Description

一种复合型中温二氧化碳吸附剂及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于环保技术领域,涉及一种新型复合型中温二氧化碳吸附剂及其制备方法,用于吸附分离工业烟气中的CO2
背景技术
随着工业化的发展,温室气体的排放量逐年增长,全球气候变暖等一系列严峻的环境问题日益凸显。大气中的CO2浓度逐年剧增,是最主要的温室气体。目前工业生产中,能源消耗以煤炭为主,燃煤锅炉会产生大量含有CO2的烟气,减少燃煤锅炉烟气中的CO2对于减缓温室气体排放和缓解全球气候变暖至关重要。无论是将CO2永久埋藏还是重新利用,对其捕集过程都很有必要。因此,寻找一种低能耗、低污染、低成本和易循环使用的CO2 ­分离材料及其分离技术有着重大意义。
目前从工业烟气中分离回收CO2的技术有吸收分离法、吸附分离法、膜分离法和低温蒸馏法等,其中吸收分离法与吸附分离法较为成熟,应用比较广泛。但目前这两种技术均要求100 ℃以下,甚至更低的烟气温度。由于燃煤锅炉烟气温度较高,对烟气中的CO2进行分离通常要经过降温等一系列处理,给工业生产的经济效益带来较为严重的损失。因而为了避免分离之前的降温处理,基于吸附分离技术的适合烟气温度的中温CO2吸附剂的受到了广泛关注。
可以作为CO2吸附剂的材料有以下几种:炭质吸附剂、沸石分子筛、有序介孔分子筛、金属氧化物、水滑石、盐类吸附剂、胺类有吸附剂等。传统的中温高温吸附剂主要是固体金属氧化物,如CuO、MnO、Li2O和CaO等。其脱附再生需要高温煅烧,再生成本高,循环使用率低,并存在高温煅烧产生的烧结问题。
水滑石及其衍生物是近年来被广泛关注的一种中温CO2吸附剂,其在150~400℃下达到最大的吸附性能,在此温度下吸附分离不需要提前将烟气降温处理,减少了烟气脱碳的经济损失。水滑石类复合型吸附剂属于水滑石衍生物,其同样具有水滑石可在中温下吸附CO2的特点,并且可进一步提高其吸附效率。此外,该类吸附剂还有制备成本低、循环再生性能好以及在吸附分离过程中无二次污染的特点。因此,水滑石类复合型吸附剂在吸附分离中温工业烟气中CO2方面极具应用前景。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种在温度150~300℃下,拥有高吸附效率的复合型中温二氧化碳吸附剂的制备方法,以解决现有中温二氧化碳吸附剂吸附效率低的问题。
本发明复合型中温二氧化碳吸附剂制备方法如下:
(1)将有序介孔氧化硅MCM-41粉末和Na2CO3置于去离子水中,充分搅拌,制成混合浆液;
(2)按一定比例使用Mg(NO3)2·6H2O和Al(NO3)3·9H2O配置成混合溶液;
(3)向步骤(1)所述的混合浆液中同时缓慢滴加步骤(2)所述的混合金属盐溶液和NaOH溶液,在滴加过程中大力搅拌浆液,保持pH维持在10~12;
(4)将步骤(3)制得的浆液陈化,反复洗涤至溶液pH值为7,过滤后得到固体粉末;
(5)将步骤(4)制得的固体粉末干燥后得到复合型中温二氧化碳吸附剂。
本发明方法的步骤(1)中的有序介孔氧化硅MCM-41粉末和Na2CO3用量的质量比为1:2.5~4.5。
本发明方法的步骤(1)中的Na2CO3及步骤(2)中Mg(NO3)2·6H2O和Al(NO3)3·9H2O用量的摩尔比为Na2CO3: Mg(NO3)2·6H2O: Al(NO3)3·9H2O=2:2~3:1。
本发明方法的步骤(4)的陈化温度为20~60℃,陈化时间为12~18小时。
本发明方法的步骤(5)的干燥温度为90~120℃,干燥时间为24~36小时。
本发明方法得到的复合型中温二氧化碳吸附剂,适用于工业烟气中二氧化碳的吸附分离。吸附剂应用时,在温度150~300℃下吸附,在温度450~550℃下脱附再生。
本发明的有益效果:本发明的复合型吸附剂制备方法原料成本低、工艺简单易行,可以有效发挥复合材料各组分的优势,提高其吸附性能和实际应用能力;本发明的吸附剂在温度150~300℃下对二氧化碳的选择吸附能力强,此吸附窗口温度在燃煤锅炉省煤器后到烟囱排烟处的烟气温度范围之内,无须将烟气降温处理,较以往相比极大的方便了锅炉脱碳设备改造,并减少了投资成本;本发明的吸附剂在温度450~550℃下易脱附再生,循环再生性能好;本发明的吸附剂在含有少量水分的烟气中工作时,不会影响其吸附性能。
附图说明
图1 本发明实施例工艺流程图。
具体实施方式
通过结合下述的实施例对本发明作进一步的说明,但本发明的范围并不限于下述实施例。
实施例1
首先将1.0g的MCM-41和2.5g的Na2CO3置于10mL去离子水中,搅拌混合均匀,配置成混合浆液A,再将6.0g的Mg(NO3)2·6H2O和4.4g的Al(NO3)3·9H2O加入到15mL去离子水中配置成混合溶液B,在10mL去离子水中加入3.5g的NaOH配置成碱溶液C。B和C溶液同时逐滴加入到浆液A中,并且保持PH在10-12之间,在滴加过程中进行大力地搅拌。在60℃下陈化12小时,之后反复洗涤至容液PH值为7,过滤后得到的到固体粉末在高温干燥箱中120℃干燥24小时,然后取出,得到所需的吸附剂。
实施例2
首先将1.0g的MCM-41和4.0g的Na2CO3置于16mL去离子水中中,搅拌混合均匀,配置成混合浆液A,再将9.7g的Mg(NO3)2·6H2O和7.1g的Al(NO3)3·9H2O加入到24mL去离子水中配置成混合溶液B,在16mL去离子水中加入5.5g的NaOH配置成碱溶液C。B和C溶液同时逐滴加入到浆液A中,并且保持PH在10-12之间,在滴加过程中进行大力地搅拌。在室温25℃下陈化18小时,之后反复洗涤至容液PH值为7,过滤后得到的到固体粉末在高温干燥箱中95℃干燥30小时,然后取出,得到所需的吸附剂。

Claims (7)

1.一种复合型中温二氧化碳吸附剂,其特征在于,它是在作为支撑材料的有序介孔氧化硅mcm-41上,采用共沉淀法制得的镁铝型水滑石复合材料。
2.一种复合型中温二氧化碳吸附剂的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤如下:
(1)将有序介孔氧化硅MCM-41粉末和Na2CO3置于去离子水中,充分搅拌,制成混合浆液;
(2)按一定比例使用Mg(NO3)2·6H2O和Al(NO3)3·9H2O配置成混合溶液;
(3)向步骤(1)所述的混合浆液中同时缓慢滴加步骤(2)所述的混合金属盐溶液和NaOH溶液,在滴加过程中大力搅拌浆液,保持pH维持在10~12;
(4)将步骤(3)制得的浆液陈化,反复洗涤至溶液pH值为7,过滤后得到固体粉末;
(5)将步骤(4)制得的固体粉末干燥后得到复合型中温二氧化碳吸附剂。
3.根据权利要求2所述的复合型中温二氧化碳吸附剂的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)中的有序介孔氧化硅MCM-41粉末和Na2CO3用量的质量比为1:2.5~4.5。
4.根据权利要求2所述的复合型中温二氧化碳吸附剂的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)中的Na2CO3及步骤(2)中Mg(NO3)2和Al(NO3)3用量的摩尔比为Na2CO3: Mg(NO3)2: Al(NO3)3=2:2~3:1。
5.根据权利要求2所述的复合型中温二氧化碳吸附剂的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(4)的陈化温度为20~60℃,陈化时间为12~18小时。
6.根据权利要求2所述的复合型中温二氧化碳吸附剂的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(5)的干燥温度为90~120℃,干燥时间为24~36小时。
7.根据权利要求2~6任一权利要求所述方法制备的中温二氧化碳吸附剂用于气体中二氧化碳的吸附分离,吸附剂在温度150~300℃下吸附,在温度450~550℃下脱附再生。
CN201610208418.0A 2016-04-06 2016-04-06 一种复合型中温二氧化碳吸附剂及其制备方法 Pending CN105797678A (zh)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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CN111054425A (zh) * 2019-11-21 2020-04-24 陕西科技大学 一种水滑石/mcm-41介孔硅复合固体碱催化剂及其原位制备方法和应用
CN113694875A (zh) * 2021-08-02 2021-11-26 北京工业大学 碳酸铯改性层状双氢氧化物/介孔氧化铝复合材料作为co2吸附剂的制备方法和应用
CN113694895A (zh) * 2021-08-02 2021-11-26 北京工业大学 有机胺改性层状双氢氧化物/sba-15复合材料作为co2吸附剂的制备方法和应用

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111054425A (zh) * 2019-11-21 2020-04-24 陕西科技大学 一种水滑石/mcm-41介孔硅复合固体碱催化剂及其原位制备方法和应用
CN111054425B (zh) * 2019-11-21 2022-12-20 陕西科技大学 一种水滑石/mcm-41介孔硅复合固体碱催化剂及其原位制备方法和应用
CN113694875A (zh) * 2021-08-02 2021-11-26 北京工业大学 碳酸铯改性层状双氢氧化物/介孔氧化铝复合材料作为co2吸附剂的制备方法和应用
CN113694895A (zh) * 2021-08-02 2021-11-26 北京工业大学 有机胺改性层状双氢氧化物/sba-15复合材料作为co2吸附剂的制备方法和应用

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