CN1057963C - 气囊装置 - Google Patents

气囊装置 Download PDF

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CN1057963C
CN1057963C CN95192865A CN95192865A CN1057963C CN 1057963 C CN1057963 C CN 1057963C CN 95192865 A CN95192865 A CN 95192865A CN 95192865 A CN95192865 A CN 95192865A CN 1057963 C CN1057963 C CN 1057963C
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overplate
internal layer
air bag
mechanical strength
millimeters
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CN1147229A (zh
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K·瓦瓦里迪斯
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Autoliv Development AB
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60RVEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/02Occupant safety arrangements or fittings, e.g. crash pads
    • B60R21/16Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags
    • B60R21/20Arrangements for storing inflatable members in their non-use or deflated condition; Arrangement or mounting of air bag modules or components
    • B60R21/215Arrangements for storing inflatable members in their non-use or deflated condition; Arrangement or mounting of air bag modules or components characterised by the covers for the inflatable member
    • B60R21/2165Arrangements for storing inflatable members in their non-use or deflated condition; Arrangement or mounting of air bag modules or components characterised by the covers for the inflatable member characterised by a tear line for defining a deployment opening
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60RVEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/02Occupant safety arrangements or fittings, e.g. crash pads
    • B60R21/16Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags
    • B60R21/20Arrangements for storing inflatable members in their non-use or deflated condition; Arrangement or mounting of air bag modules or components
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60RVEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/02Occupant safety arrangements or fittings, e.g. crash pads
    • B60R21/16Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags
    • B60R21/20Arrangements for storing inflatable members in their non-use or deflated condition; Arrangement or mounting of air bag modules or components
    • B60R21/215Arrangements for storing inflatable members in their non-use or deflated condition; Arrangement or mounting of air bag modules or components characterised by the covers for the inflatable member
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60RVEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/02Occupant safety arrangements or fittings, e.g. crash pads
    • B60R21/16Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags
    • B60R21/20Arrangements for storing inflatable members in their non-use or deflated condition; Arrangement or mounting of air bag modules or components
    • B60R21/215Arrangements for storing inflatable members in their non-use or deflated condition; Arrangement or mounting of air bag modules or components characterised by the covers for the inflatable member
    • B60R21/2165Arrangements for storing inflatable members in their non-use or deflated condition; Arrangement or mounting of air bag modules or components characterised by the covers for the inflatable member characterised by a tear line for defining a deployment opening
    • B60R21/21656Steering wheel covers or similar cup-shaped covers

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

气囊覆盖层(13)是塑料叠层制品,由内层(14)和外层(19)组成。内层中设有由槽构成的机械强度薄弱带(17)。外层中设有机械强度薄弱带(20),外层在线(20)处的厚度小于外层的其余部分。上述两条机械强度薄弱带不重合,至少偏离2毫米的距离,从而在覆盖层的外部不会看到机械强度薄弱带的位置。当气囊(10)吹胀时,覆盖层部分(18)可象门一样打开,内层和外层即沿机械强度薄弱带破裂。

Description

气囊装置
本发明涉及一种气囊装置。
已提出过在机动车辆中装设气囊,并设有在事故发生时吹胀该气囊的装置,由这吹胀的气囊对车辆驾驶员和车辆中的乘客提供保护。
在使用之前气囊一般是隐藏在一个覆盖层的后面。如果打算用气囊对车辆驾驶员提供保护,该覆盖层可以构置成方向盘的中心部分,或者,如果打算用气囊对车辆中乘客提供保护,那末此覆盖层可以构成车辆控制板的一部分。
一般,气囊覆盖层是由两层塑料组成的叠层制品。内层相对较硬实,作为具有所需强度的覆盖层,外层较软,有时由带有外“皮”的泡沫塑料制成。
内层使得整个覆盖层组成方向盘中心部分整体的一部分或者是控制板整体的一部分。外层提供机动车辆常有的一定舒适性。
覆盖层上需设置一条机械强度薄弱带,以便当气囊被充胀时覆盖层的一部分或某些部分能构成“门”式装置,当承受预定压力时该“门”向外转动以允许气囊按所需的方式被吹胀。这一般是通过设置机械强度薄弱带或“破裂带”来实现的。
附图中图1是穿过现今典型的气囊覆盖层一部分的剖面图。内层1由较硬的塑料如热塑性弹性材料构成,并包括一区域2,内层在该处的厚度显著地小于该层其余部分的厚度。这样区域2组成一条机械强度薄弱带。区域2同时是向上变形的。
热塑性弹性材料层1支承一较厚的上部外层3,该层也可由热塑性弹性材料组成,虽然该弹性材料可以较软。可以看到,由于内层1的形状变形,在区域4中聚氨酯泡沫层3也具有减小的厚度。区域2与区域4是对齐的,这样结合成的区域就组成了“破裂带”。当因气囊吹胀而受到预定的压力作用时,“破裂带”一边的覆盖层的部分(或者在破裂带两边的部分)就会象“门”一样打开。
业已发现,在制造这种特殊类型的覆盖层时,即使外层的外表面基本上是平滑的,但由减薄了厚度的区域2和4组成的“破裂带”的精确位置依然是清楚可见的。这可能是很难看的。
已提出过如图2所示的形式,在覆盖层的外层3的外表面上压出一条“美观线”5以消除上述这种难看。但是这意味着“美观线”5的图形必须与机械强度薄弱带的图形一致,而这样的图形从美学角度上可能是难以令人悦目的,尤其是当气囊覆盖层组成控制板的一部分时,可能看起来非常“不顺眼”。
本发明探寻提供一种改良的气囊装置。
按照本发明,提供用于气囊的覆盖层,此覆盖层包括由聚合物材料的内层和聚合物材料的外层构成的叠层制品,每层都设有一条机械强度薄弱带,在外层中的机械强度薄弱带相对于内层中的机械强度薄弱带至少偏离2毫米,这些破裂带一起确定了此覆盖层中的一个“门”,这个“门”可在内部提供有预定的压力时打开,在每层中的这种机械强度薄弱带都是由厚度减薄的区域组成。
内层最好是由较硬实的材料制成,外层最好由较软的材料制成。
两层都可方便地由热塑性弹性材料制成。
在一个实施方案中,每层的厚度在1.5和3毫米之间。
最好是对应外层中形成机械强度薄弱带的区域,在内层设置一向上突出到外层中的突起或脊,使得尽管外层材料在脊上面的区域比在外层其他区域要薄,外层的外表面也可以基本上是齐平的。
在一个实施方案中,外层在机械强度薄弱带区域的厚度在0.5在1毫米之间。
内层中的机械强度薄弱带可以方便地由一条减薄厚度的细长槽组成,在槽中有许多穿透槽底的孔,这些孔完全穿透内层。
这些孔最好取细长的形状。
在一个实施方案中,各孔有0.5至1毫米之间的宽度,并有3至10毫米之间的长度,最好每个孔有近似5毫米的长度。
最好各孔是均匀分布的,孔之间的距离基本上等于每个孔的长度。
在一个实施方案中,内层覆盖层包含厚度减薄带的部分其厚度是在0.5到1毫米之间。
内层中破裂带最好偏离外层中破裂带2到10毫米之间。
内层中的破裂带与外层中的破裂带以偏离4至6毫米为宜。
最为优选的是,内层中破裂带与外层中破裂带偏移开5毫米。
本发明还涉及到安装有上述气囊的气囊装置。
为了能更容易理解本发明,从而能进一步了解它的各特点,现在将通过例子参考下述附图来描述本发明,附图中:
图3是包括有本发明的覆盖层的气囊装置剖面图,而
图4是图3沿线A-A截取的剖面图。
先参考图3,气袋10装在壳11内,壳支撑一个气体发生器12。壳11上装有所提供的覆盖层13。
覆盖层13包括由热塑性弹性材料制成的内层14。同通常一样,层14有两个向下的突缘15,16与壳11相连。
层14中设有一条机械强度薄弱带17,由此在层14中界定出一个部分18,这部分如下面所描述的可以象门一样打开。如图3所示,机械强度薄弱带17包括一细长的槽,从槽的底部到层14的顶部之间的层14材料厚度减薄。
但从图4可见,在槽17的底部形成有一组细长的孔18,孔18完全穿透层14,暴露出外层19的下表面,外层叠在层14上。外层19可由热塑性弹性材料制成,外层19选用的弹性材料要比内层14选用的热塑性弹性材料软。但是其他材料,如聚氨酯泡沫塑料也可用作外层19。
外层19中,在与层14中形成机械强度薄弱带17的位置稍许偏离的地方形成有第二机械强度薄弱带20。
在机械强度薄弱带20的部位,覆盖层的外表面基本上是平滑的,在内层14的外表面上形成有一突起21。
内层14和外层19的厚度都可选择在1.5到3毫米之间,在图示的实施方案中,内层14的厚度是2毫米,外层19的厚度是2.5毫米。
在外层19中形成机械强度薄弱带处材料的厚度可以在0.5到1毫米之间,在所述的实施方案中,在这一位置,即在突起21的顶部,材料的厚度近似为0.8毫米。
形成机械强度薄弱带17的槽可有近似1毫米的宽度,并且深度可使槽的底和层14的顶之间的第一层材料的厚度在0.5和1毫米之间。在图示的实施方案中,构成机械强度薄弱带17的槽底和层14的顶表面之间材料的厚度基本上是1毫米。
孔18及相邻两孔18之间的部分最好有相同的长度。这个长度可在3和10毫米之间,但在所述的实施方案中此长度是5毫米。该孔可有0.5至1毫米之间的宽度,但在所述的实施方案中该孔有1毫米的宽度, 等于形成机械强度薄弱带17槽的宽度。
机械强度薄弱带17可与机械强度薄弱带20偏离2至10毫米之间的距离,最好为4至6毫米之间的距离。在图示的实施方案中,此偏离的距离是5毫米。
当气囊10被吹胀,预定的压力加到层14的下面时,内层14将沿着机械强度薄弱带17破裂,标号为18的部分将如门一样沿着箭头22所示方向打开。当门打开时,外上层19便沿破裂带20破裂。
已经发现,这种偏移的破裂带能使“门”18以满意的方式打开,但在上述设计下,却不会从覆盖层的外部看到破裂带的位置。

Claims (15)

1.一种气囊覆盖层,该覆盖层为由聚合物材料的内层与聚合物材料的外层构成的叠层件,每层都设有机械强度薄弱带,外层的机械强度薄弱带相对于内层的机械强度薄弱带位置偏离至少2毫米,上述薄弱带形成的这些破裂带一起确定此覆盖层上的一个门装置,这个门可在内部供给预定压力时打开,每层中的这种机械强度薄弱带都是由厚度变薄的区域组成。
2.按照权利要求1所述的覆盖层,其特征在于:所述内层由较硬和强度较高的材料制成,而外层由较软的材料制成。
3.按照权利要求1或2所述的覆盖层,其特征在于:所述这两层都是由热塑性弹性材料制成。
4.按照前面任何一项权利要求所述的覆盖层,其特征在于:每层的厚度在1.5和3毫米之间。
5.按照前面任何一项权利要求所述的覆盖层,其特征在于:相应外层中形成机械强度薄弱带的区域,在内层设置一向上突出到外层中的突起或脊,使得尽管外层材料在突起上面区域比在外层其它区域要薄,外层的外表面也可以基本上是齐平的。
6.按照前面任何一项权利要求所述的覆盖层,其特征在于:所述外层机械强度薄弱带区域的厚度是在0.5和1毫米之间。
7.按照前面任何一项权利要求所述的气囊覆盖层,其特征在于:内层的机械强度薄弱带是由一条厚度减薄的细长槽组成,在槽中有许多穿过槽底的孔,这些孔完全穿过内层。
8.按照权利要求7所述的气囊覆盖层,其特征在于:这些孔是细长形状。
9.按照权利要求7或8所述的覆盖层,其特征在于:这些孔的宽度是在0.5和1毫米之间,其长度在3和10毫米之间。
10.按照权利要求7至9中任一项所述的气囊覆盖层,其特征在于:这些孔的每一个都有约5毫米的长度。
11.按照权利要求7至10中任一项所述的气囊覆盖层,其特征在于:这些孔是均匀分布的,而这些孔之间的距离基本上等于每个孔的长度。
12.按照前面任何一项权利要求所述的气囊覆盖层,其特征在于:内 层覆盖层中组成厚度减薄带的部分的厚度是在0.5和1毫米之间。
13.按照前面任何一项权利要求所述的气囊覆盖层,其特征在于:内层的破裂带与外层的破裂带的偏离在2至10毫米之间。
14.按照权利要求13所述的气囊覆盖层,其特征在于:内层的破裂带与外层的破裂带的偏离在4至6毫米之间。
15.按照权利要求14所述的气囊覆盖层,其特征在于:内层的破裂带偏离外层的破裂带约5毫米。
CN95192865A 1994-03-10 1995-02-22 气囊装置 Expired - Fee Related CN1057963C (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9404748A GB2287226B (en) 1994-03-10 1994-03-10 Improvements in or relating to an air-bag arrangement
GB9404748.7 1994-03-10

Publications (2)

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CN1147229A CN1147229A (zh) 1997-04-09
CN1057963C true CN1057963C (zh) 2000-11-01

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US (1) US5772240A (zh)
JP (1) JPH10501494A (zh)
KR (1) KR100396472B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN1057963C (zh)
DE (1) DE19581573C1 (zh)
FR (1) FR2717132B1 (zh)
GB (1) GB2287226B (zh)
WO (1) WO1995024328A1 (zh)

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FR2717132B1 (fr) 1998-04-17
JPH10501494A (ja) 1998-02-10
KR970701639A (ko) 1997-04-12
GB2287226A (en) 1995-09-13
WO1995024328A1 (en) 1995-09-14
GB2287226B (en) 1997-05-14
KR100396472B1 (ko) 2004-03-18
US5772240A (en) 1998-06-30
GB9404748D0 (en) 1994-04-27
DE19581573C1 (de) 1998-12-17
CN1147229A (zh) 1997-04-09
FR2717132A1 (fr) 1995-09-15

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