CN105795506A - Fermentation method for improving quality and cutting down consumption of cigars - Google Patents
Fermentation method for improving quality and cutting down consumption of cigars Download PDFInfo
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- CN105795506A CN105795506A CN201610320349.2A CN201610320349A CN105795506A CN 105795506 A CN105795506 A CN 105795506A CN 201610320349 A CN201610320349 A CN 201610320349A CN 105795506 A CN105795506 A CN 105795506A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
- A24B15/18—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
- A24B15/20—Biochemical treatment
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B3/00—Preparing tobacco in the factory
- A24B3/04—Humidifying or drying tobacco bunches or cut tobacco
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Tobacco Products (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to a fermentation method for improving quality and cutting down consumption of cigars. The fermentation method comprises the following steps: adding water into tobacco leaves of the cigars to humidify until the moisture content is 22-26%, and fermenting for 12-15 days at a temperature of 25-30 DEG C under relative humidity being 75-78% after balancing the moisture content for 24-48 hours; (2) sealing the tobacco leaves treated in the step (1), and charging nitrogen gas for keeping oxygen concentration to 8-10% for 30-35 days at a temperature of 25-30 DEG C, and ventilating and dehumidifying until the moisture content of the tobacco leaves is lower than 17%. The tobacco leaves treated by the fermentation method are uniform in appearance quality and color, full in color and luster, enhanced in elasticity, relatively obviously improved in sensory quality; and moreover, the alcoholization process is simple, and the use value and the economic benefits are very high.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to cigar fermentation technical field, be specifically related to the fermentation process of a kind of cigar Resource regeneration.
Background technology
The fermentation of cigar tobacco is important process link in the course of processing, is broadly divided into natural alcoholization and artificial fermentation two ways.Natural alcoholization is the method for long period fermentation under the conditions of low temperature, low moisture, is suitable for the alcoholization of cigar wrapper tobacco leaves.Stacked artificial fermentation is the short fermentation method carried out in high temperature, high-moisture condition, does not control color, focuses on the raising of inherent quality, reduces nicotine, eliminates ammonia, retains cigarette fragrant, is suitable for endoperidium and the fermentation of the eggplant heart.After tobacco mellowing, colour-darkening is deepened, and lacks gloss.Owing to improper operation may cause cigar nicotine, protein, chlorinity too high, although often not reaching correlated state through initial fermentation, therefore carrying out the degree of depth fermentation of appropriateness again, reaching to decompose unfavorable compound, improve color even and full color, improve the purpose of fermented quality.
During the fermentation, great changes will take place for Nicotiana tabacum L. intrinsic chemical composition, mainly shows as absorption and carbon dioxide, water, ammonia, the discharge of volatile small molecule material of oxygen, ultimately results in the minimizing of dry.Generally speaking, after fermented, the minimizing scope of flue-cured tobacco dry is from trace to 2%, during the fermentation, due to decomposition and the oxidation of various materials, the loss of material is higher than other Nicotiana tabacum L. for cigar tobacco, exoperidium cigarette about 5%, core cigarette reaches 10～12% or more some more, but ferments the most of dry loss, and dry loss is many might not be fermented.
Earlier fermentation microorganism amount reproduction, oxygen demand is relatively big, ferments the later stage, and microorganism is old and feeble, and Oxidation weakens, as long as just can meet fermentation requirement to critical dissolved oxygen concentration.In industrial fermentation processes, early stage is aerobic cultivation, and the later stage transfers Anaerobic culturel to, and enzymatic activity can be greatly improved, so grasping, to transfer opportunity of anaerobism to the most crucial.Testing according to the study, when oxygen concentration declines 45%, enzymatic activity can improve 6 times.When oxygen concentration is too high, mainly based on the growth metabolism of plant, the aroma substance of Nicotiana tabacum L. mainly produces with secondary metabolism, and it is necessary for controlling growth metabolism, and otherwise secondary metabolite can reduce.Test shows according to the study, and the generation of some aminoacid small-molecule substance needs oxygen supply sufficient, some only oxygen limitation be in air hunger Cellular respiration suppressed time, could obtain maximum decomposition, some is not limited by oxygen concentration.
Temperature and humidity and environment controlled atmosphere composition are the key factors affecting cigar fermentation.Fermenting in suitable humiture environment, the beneficially lifting of quality of tobacco, incorrect humiture will result in Nicotiana tabacum L. mould growth and damages or Quality Down.Along with automatic environmental test systematic difference, it is possible to achieve the control accurate of humiture.Ambient parameter detector, cored temperature monitor can realize the detection to storehouse storage ambient parameter, including temperature, humidity, oxygen and gas concentration lwevel, and the accurate detection to Nicotiana tabacum L. packing crates cored temperature.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide one and improve cigar quality, reduce the fermentation process of the cigar Resource regeneration that dry too consumes in sweat.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is, a kind of fermentation process of cigar Resource regeneration, it is characterized in that comprising the steps: 1. being added water by cigar tobacco humidification to moisture content is 22-26%(mass), after balance 24 ~ 48h, temperature 25-30 DEG C, relative humidity 75-78% bottom fermentation 12-15 days；2. the Nicotiana tabacum L. after 1. step being fermented seals, and is filled with nitrogen, makes oxygen concentration maintain 8-10%(volume), keep 30-35 days at temperature 25-30 DEG C, then wet down of ventilating reaches less than 17% to Nicotiana tabacum L. moisture content.
Preferably, described step is 2. middle uses PE or PA film phonograph seal.
Preferably, in described step, 2. temperature and oxygen concentration measure all use ambient parameter detector detections.
The beneficial effect comprise that: early stage aerobic fermentation, focus on the raising of fermented quality, improve the harmony of chemical composition, later stage fall aerobe fermentation, control the intensification of color and elastic variation, and the undue consumption of dry, prevent mycete and the generation of infested phenomenon, reduce storage dry consumption, improve quality of tobacco and use value；Nicotiana tabacum L. after processing by the present invention, presentation quality color even, full color, elastic enhancing, aesthetic quality has significantly improvement, and alcoholization process is simple, has the highest use value and economic benefit.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the invention will be further described, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this.
Embodiment 1
Hainan cigar chosen by raw material, in the middle part of eggplant clothing two grades.
The fermentation process of cigar Resource regeneration, humidification to the moisture content that comprises the steps: 1. to be added water by cigar tobacco is 25%, balances 24h, at temperature 25 DEG C, relative humidity 75% bottom fermentation 14 days；2. the Nicotiana tabacum L. PE film phonograph seal after 1. step being processed, the method using inflated with nitrogen, make oxygen concentration maintain 10%, after keeping 30 days at temperature 25 DEG C, complete fermentation, ventilation wet down to Nicotiana tabacum L. moisture content 17%, sampling is evaluated.
Embodiment 2
Hainan cigar chosen by raw material, in the middle part of eggplant clothing two grades.
The fermentation process of cigar Resource regeneration, humidification to the moisture content that comprises the steps: 1. to be added water by cigar tobacco is 24%, balances 24h, at temperature 25 DEG C, relative humidity 78% bottom fermentation 15 days；2. the Nicotiana tabacum L. PE film phonograph seal after 1. step being processed, the method using inflated with nitrogen, make oxygen concentration maintain 9%, after keeping 32 days at temperature 25 DEG C, complete fermentation, ventilation wet down to Nicotiana tabacum L. moisture content 17%, sampling is evaluated.
Embodiment 3
Raw material chooses Hainan cigar, two grades, eggplant clothing bottom.
The fermentation process of cigar Resource regeneration, humidification to the moisture content that comprises the steps: 1. to be added water by cigar tobacco is 24%, balances 24h, at temperature 25 DEG C, relative humidity 76% bottom fermentation 14 days；2. the Nicotiana tabacum L. PE film phonograph seal after 1. step being processed, the method using inflated with nitrogen, make oxygen concentration maintain 9%, after keeping 30 days at temperature 25 DEG C, complete fermentation, ventilation wet down to Nicotiana tabacum L. moisture content 17%, sampling is evaluated.
Embodiment 4
Raw material chooses Hainan cigar, two grades, eggplant clothing bottom.
The fermentation process of cigar Resource regeneration, humidification to the moisture content that comprises the steps: 1. to be added water by cigar tobacco is 24%, balances 24h, at temperature 26 DEG C, relative humidity 78% bottom fermentation 15 days；2. the Nicotiana tabacum L. PE film phonograph seal after 1. step being processed, the method using inflated with nitrogen, make oxygen concentration maintain 10%, after keeping 31 days at temperature 26 DEG C, complete fermentation, ventilation wet down to Nicotiana tabacum L. moisture content 17%, sampling is evaluated.
Embodiment 5
Raw material chooses Hainan cigar, two grades, eggplant core bottom.
The fermentation process of cigar Resource regeneration, humidification to the moisture content that comprises the steps: 1. to be added water by cigar tobacco is 25%, balances 24h, at temperature 27 DEG C, relative humidity 77% bottom fermentation 12 days；2. the Nicotiana tabacum L. PE film phonograph seal after 1. step being processed, the method using inflated with nitrogen, make oxygen concentration maintain 10%, after keeping 32 days at temperature 27 DEG C, complete fermentation, ventilation wet down to Nicotiana tabacum L. moisture content 17%, sampling is evaluated.
Embodiment 6
Raw material chooses Hainan cigar, two grades, eggplant core bottom.
The fermentation process of cigar Resource regeneration, humidification to the moisture content that comprises the steps: 1. to be added water by cigar tobacco is 26%, balances 24h, at temperature 28 DEG C, relative humidity 77% bottom fermentation 15 days；2. the Nicotiana tabacum L. PE film phonograph seal after 1. step being processed, the method using inflated with nitrogen, make oxygen concentration maintain 10%, after keeping 31 days at temperature 28 DEG C, complete fermentation, ventilation wet down to Nicotiana tabacum L. moisture content 17%, sampling is evaluated.
Embodiment 7
Hainan cigar chosen by raw material, in the middle part of kind eggplant core two grades.
The fermentation process of cigar Resource regeneration, humidification to the moisture content that comprises the steps: 1. to be added water by cigar tobacco is 22%, balances 24h, at temperature 29 DEG C, relative humidity 77% bottom fermentation 14 days；2. the Nicotiana tabacum L. PE film phonograph seal after 1. step being processed, the method using inflated with nitrogen, make oxygen concentration maintain 10%, after keeping 33 days at temperature 29 DEG C, complete fermentation, ventilation wet down to Nicotiana tabacum L. moisture content 17%, sampling is evaluated.
Embodiment 8
Hainan cigar chosen by raw material, in the middle part of eggplant core two grades.
The fermentation process of cigar Resource regeneration, humidification to the moisture content that comprises the steps: 1. to be added water by cigar tobacco is 25%, balances 24h, at temperature 25 DEG C, relative humidity 78% bottom fermentation 15 days；2. the Nicotiana tabacum L. PE film phonograph seal after 1. step being processed, the method using inflated with nitrogen, make oxygen concentration maintain 8%, after keeping 32 days at temperature 25 DEG C, complete fermentation, ventilation wet down to Nicotiana tabacum L. moisture content 17%, sampling is evaluated.
Embodiment 9
Raw material chooses Hainan cigar, two grades of eggplant core top.
The fermentation process of cigar Resource regeneration, humidification to the moisture content that comprises the steps: 1. to be added water by cigar tobacco is 24%, balances 24h, at temperature 26 DEG C, relative humidity 78% bottom fermentation 14 days；2. the Nicotiana tabacum L. PE film phonograph seal after 1. step being processed, the method using inflated with nitrogen, make oxygen concentration maintain 10%, after keeping 35 days at temperature 26 DEG C, complete fermentation, ventilation wet down to Nicotiana tabacum L. moisture content 17%, sampling is evaluated.
Embodiment 10
Raw material chooses Hainan cigar, two grades of eggplant core top.
The fermentation process of cigar Resource regeneration, humidification to the moisture content that comprises the steps: 1. to be added water by cigar tobacco is 25%, balances 24h, at temperature 30 DEG C, relative humidity 76% bottom fermentation 15 days；2. the Nicotiana tabacum L. PE film phonograph seal after 1. step being processed, the method using inflated with nitrogen, make oxygen concentration maintain 9%, after keeping 34 days at temperature 30 DEG C, complete fermentation, ventilation wet down to Nicotiana tabacum L. moisture content 17%, sampling is evaluated.
Interpretation of result
Reference examples 1-5 is respectively and raw material cigarette, the raw material cigarette used by embodiment 7 and the raw material cigarette used by embodiment 9 used by the raw material cigarette used by embodiment 1, the raw material cigarette used by embodiment 3, embodiment 5 carries out traditional stacked fermentation, and embodiment 1-10 is to ferment by the inventive method.After reference examples 1-5 and embodiment 1-10 being processed, Nicotiana tabacum L. requires to carry out cigar aesthetic quality's scoring (employing hundred-mark system) according to GB 15269.4 2011 cigar the 4th part sense organ technology, and judge project, score value and dry consumption the results are shown in Table 1:
Cigar aesthetic quality's assay and dry consumption after table 1 reference examples 1-5 and the process of embodiment 1-10
。
Using the cigar raw material that invention processes as can be seen from the above table, dry consumes relatively low, and color and luster color even is consistent, flexibility good, good springiness, pulling force are strong；In terms of the sensory evaluation of relative analysis table, compared with the control: fragrance, miscellaneous QI, zest, pleasant impression and Lycoperdon polymorphum Vitt can improve a class and cause, after making process, raw tobacco material industrial applicability improves, and operational approach is simple, is suitable for batch production scale and uses.
Claims (3)
1. the fermentation process of a cigar Resource regeneration, it is characterised in that humidification to the moisture content that comprises the steps: 1. to be added water by cigar tobacco is 22-26%, after balance 24 ~ 48h, temperature 25-30 DEG C, relative humidity 75-78% bottom fermentation 12-15 days；2. the Nicotiana tabacum L. after 1. step being processed seals, and is filled with nitrogen and makes oxygen concentration maintain 8-10%, keeps 30-35 days at 25-30 DEG C, then wet down of ventilating reaches less than 17% to Nicotiana tabacum L. moisture content.
2. the fermentation process of cigar Resource regeneration as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that described step is 2. middle uses PE or PA film phonograph seal.
3. the fermentation process of the cigar Resource regeneration as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that in described step, 2. temperature and oxygen concentration measure and all use the detection of ambient parameter detector.
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| CN201610320349.2A CN105795506B (en) | 2016-05-16 | 2016-05-16 | A kind of fermentation process of cigar Resource regeneration |
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| CN201610320349.2A CN105795506B (en) | 2016-05-16 | 2016-05-16 | A kind of fermentation process of cigar Resource regeneration |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109043643A (en) * | 2018-08-10 | 2018-12-21 | 河南中烟工业有限责任公司 | A kind of fermentation process and device increasing the soft fine and smooth degree of cigar tobacco |
| CN111436637A (en) * | 2020-04-03 | 2020-07-24 | 四川中烟工业有限责任公司 | Domestic cigar tobacco leaf forced impurity removing treatment method |
| CN112471585A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-03-12 | 河南中烟工业有限责任公司 | Quality-improving and consumption-reducing regulation and control method for alcoholization of flue-cured tobacco |
| CN113749280A (en) * | 2020-06-02 | 2021-12-07 | 湖南华望熏蒸消毒有限公司 | Tobacco leaf stack tent ventilation dehumidification adsorption equipment |
| CN115428979A (en) * | 2022-10-18 | 2022-12-06 | 湖北省烟草科学研究院 | Cigar tobacco mellowing method |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109043643A (en) * | 2018-08-10 | 2018-12-21 | 河南中烟工业有限责任公司 | A kind of fermentation process and device increasing the soft fine and smooth degree of cigar tobacco |
| CN111436637A (en) * | 2020-04-03 | 2020-07-24 | 四川中烟工业有限责任公司 | Domestic cigar tobacco leaf forced impurity removing treatment method |
| CN111436637B (en) * | 2020-04-03 | 2022-03-25 | 四川中烟工业有限责任公司 | Domestic cigar tobacco leaf forced impurity removing treatment method |
| CN113749280A (en) * | 2020-06-02 | 2021-12-07 | 湖南华望熏蒸消毒有限公司 | Tobacco leaf stack tent ventilation dehumidification adsorption equipment |
| CN112471585A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-03-12 | 河南中烟工业有限责任公司 | Quality-improving and consumption-reducing regulation and control method for alcoholization of flue-cured tobacco |
| CN112471585B (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2022-07-26 | 河南中烟工业有限责任公司 | Quality-improving and consumption-reducing regulation and control method for alcoholization of flue-cured tobacco |
| CN115428979A (en) * | 2022-10-18 | 2022-12-06 | 湖北省烟草科学研究院 | Cigar tobacco mellowing method |
| CN115428979B (en) * | 2022-10-18 | 2023-06-23 | 湖北省烟草科学研究院 | Cigar tobacco alcoholization method |
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Address after: 450000 Yulin South Road, Henan, Zheng Dong, No. 16 South Road, Zhengzhou Applicant after: China Tobacco Henan Industrial Co., Ltd. Address before: 450000 No. 29, agricultural East Road, Zheng Dong New District, Henan, Zhengzhou Applicant before: China Tobacco Henan Industrial Co., Ltd. |
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