CN1057950A - The method of preparing feed protein by detoxication of rapeseed cake - Google Patents
The method of preparing feed protein by detoxication of rapeseed cake Download PDFInfo
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- CN1057950A CN1057950A CN90104543A CN90104543A CN1057950A CN 1057950 A CN1057950 A CN 1057950A CN 90104543 A CN90104543 A CN 90104543A CN 90104543 A CN90104543 A CN 90104543A CN 1057950 A CN1057950 A CN 1057950A
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- rape cake
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- rape
- chaff
- wheat bran
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Abstract
The method of preparing feed protein by detoxication of rapeseed cake.The present invention utilizes head mold or the aspergillus bacterium that rape cake is had detoxification, is inoculated in the rape cake raw material, ferments through 22～30 hours at 25～35 ℃.Dry then, pulverize and be product.Product meets the feed safety requirement, and its protein content can reach 45%, and nutritive value is higher than the rape cake of not detoxification, can directly use as forage protein.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of method of utilizing the microbial detoxification rape cake to prepare forage protein.
China's rapeseed output occupies first place in the world, and the grouts after the annual rapeseed oil expression reach 2,500,000 tons.Rape cake contains protein and reaches 35～40%, and nutritive value is very high, but it contains giucosinolate (glucosinolate), and (ITC) is with oxazolidine thioketones noxious materials such as (OZT) to produce isothiocyanates.Fowl poultry (particularly nonruminant) is fed the rape cake without detoxification, can cause pathologies such as thyroid gland enlargement and liver kidney, and the speed of growth descends, even is poisoned to death.So at present the rape cake major part can only as fertilizer sources, and this rich in protein resource can not well be utilized.Physico-chemical process was mainly used in the detoxification of rape cake, there is such or such problem in physico-chemical method detoxification meeting in the past, have plenty of detoxification after palatability not good, have plenty of the loss that causes rape cake nutrition.Therefore, people wish to have a kind of better rapeseed cake ' s detoxity method always, so that this abundant protein resource of rape cake is fully used.
CN88102942A application for a patent for invention specification discloses a kind of " process for detoxication of rapeseed cake dreggs by fermentation with additives ", this method mainly is to add the additive of being made up of mineral matter element, antibiotic and food yeast and vitamin in containing the feed of rape cake, through fermentation in 24 hours, reach the detoxification purpose.This method must insulation at 35～45 ℃, amount of water accounts for 80% of raw material total amount, rape cake only accounts for 20% in the raw material, fermentation afterproduct protein content is only about 20%, can only be directly as pig feed.The poison-removing method that also has a kind of lactic acid bacteria anaerobic fermentation at present, but fermentation period is very long, need 15 days approximately, inoculum concentration is up to 10～15%, lactic acid bacteria is cultivated and requires below the pH4, need to cultivate, thereby this method is difficult to realize suitability for industrialized production, and sweat can cause the protein of rape cake and the heavy losses of sulfur-containing amino acid with stainless steel equipment.
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of method of utilizing the microbial detoxification rape cake to prepare forage protein, used microorganism can obtain and breeding in a large number by conventional method, the employing solid is open type fermented, technical process is simple, do not need special installation, and rape cake accounts for more than 85% in the fermentation raw material, the protein content of product can reach 40～45% after the detoxification, can be used to produce all feeds directly as the forage protein raw material.
Measure of the present invention is: will to rape cake have the head mold (Rhizopus) of detoxification or aspergillus (Aspergillus) bacterial classification (virus-free strain) through enlarge cultivate after, insert in the rape cake raw material and ferment, make rapeseed cake ' s detoxity, last drying, pulverizing are product.Used rape cake raw material adds an amount of wheat bran or chaff or wheat bran and chaff again by rape cake and forms.If in the rape cake raw material, add an amount of leftover bits and pieces of butchering livestock and poultry (for example: feather meal, blood meal or discarded livestock and poultry blood etc.) again, can further improve the protein content of product.
The used virus-free strain of the present invention be by conventional method from the rape cake that goes mouldy, rapeseed plough or the soil of oil expression mill mud ground sampling, separate to cultivate and obtain.Concrete grammar is as follows:
(1) preparation Cha Shi (Czapek) culture medium:
The culture medium composition is: sodium nitrate 0.3 gram, magnesium sulfate 0.05 gram, ferrous sulfate 0.001 gram, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 0.1 gram, potassium chloride 0.05 gram, sucrose 3 grams, agar 2 grams,
Add water 100ml, regulating pH is 6.7, through 15 pounds/English inch
2Sterilized 20 minutes, and made plating medium.
(2) from the rape cake that goes mouldy, rapeseed plough or the soil of oil expression mill mud ground take a sample, be coated on after the dilution on the above-mentioned Cha Shi culture medium flat plate, cultivated 3～4 days at 30 ℃.
(3) bacterial classification is differentiated: through after the above-mentioned cultivation separation and purification, the different bacterium colony of diameter can appear in cultivation on the Cha Shi culture medium, at this moment can measure through differentiating, select the needed bacterial classification that rape cake is had detoxification, a kind of head mold (Rhizopus) that belongs to is characterized by: 2～3 centimetres of colony diameters, loose, flocculence, back side yellow, white mycelium, do not have every, rhizoid arranged, sporangium black, spore surface has spinal; Another kind belongs to aspergillus (Aspergillus), it is characterized by: 1～2 centimetre of colony diameter, be close slightly cotton-shaped, the back side is yellow, white mycelium, tabula, tool sertoli cell, ultimate swelling glomeration top capsule are arranged, top capsule surface emissivity shape grows stigma, on the stigma give birth to string shape conidium, spore yellow, surperficial excipuliform.
(4) preparation slant strains: isolate according to above-mentioned feature have the detoxification ability, no aflatoxin, grow fast head mold and Aspergillus, after purifying is cultivated respectively according to a conventional method, be inoculated in the Cha Shi slant medium respectively, and in 4～5 ℃ of preservations as the Cha Shi slant strains.When bacterial classification is produced in preparation, only need with head mold or aspergillus is a kind of gets final product.
Below the inventive method is done concrete description.
1. bacterial classification is produced in preparation: with one of Cha Shi slant strains, on the culture medium of separate inoculation in 2 1000ml triangular flasks.The culture medium composition is wheat bran 150-250 gram, K
2HPO
41.5-2 gram adds water 80-130ml mixing, 15 pounds/English inch
2Sterilized 30 minutes.Cultivated 3～4 days at 30～35 ℃ the inoculation back, is the triangular flask bacterial classification.This triangular flask bacterial classification is inserted expansion bacterium culture medium 10Kg again, cultivate at 30～35 ℃ and be the expansion bacterial classification in 3～4 days.It is identical with the triangular flask culture medium to enlarge bacterium culture medium.More than enlarge bacterial classification and can insert 1000Kg production bacterium culture medium altogether.Producing bacterium culture medium composition (weight ratio) is 1 part of rape cake, 2 parts in wheat bran, 2 parts of beautiful chaffs, adds water by 55～60% of three kinds of composition gross weights again, mixing, sterilization.After the inoculation, cultivated 3～4 days, be the production bacterial classification at 30～35 ℃.
2. rape cake raw material preparation: can be according to the local resources situation, by different proportioning preparations, general proportioning (by weight) is: 4～4.5 parts of rape cakes, 0.2～0.5 part in wheat bran (or chaff or wheat bran and chaff).Can also add an amount of leftover bits and pieces of butchering livestock and poultry (for example feather meal, blood meal or discarded livestock and poultry blood etc.) again, with the protein content of product after the further raising detoxification.Generally speaking, according to the raw material proportioning of front, the addition of blood meal, feather meal is 0.2～0.5 part, and the discarded blood addition of livestock and poultry is 0.5～1 part.
3. inoculation fermentation: will insert then and produce bacterial classification by the rape cake raw material blending of said ratio preparation, inoculum concentration is generally 0.5～1% of raw material dry weight.After the inoculation, add water (, can be converted to the moisture content deduction) by 50～60% of raw material dry weight again, 25～35 ℃ of insulations 22～30 hours, dry then, pulverize and be product behind the mixing if add the discarded blood of livestock and poultry in the raw material.
The protein content of product can reach 40～45%, compares with the rape cake of not detoxification, and protein and amino acid content all increase.Product can be used to produce all feeds directly as the forage protein raw material.
Table 1 is that the raw material of embodiments of the invention 1 to 7 is formed and proportioning (weight ratio).
The technical process of each embodiment is: press proportioning in the table 1 with raw material blending, 1% the inoculum concentration of pressing the raw material dry weight then inserts produced bacterial classification, adds the water mixing again, 30 ℃ of insulations 24 hours, dry to water content approximately 12% then, be product-forage protein after the pulverizing.
Table 2 is the protein and the main amino acid content (%) of the product of the embodiment of the invention 1 and embodiment 2.
Table 2 embodiment 1,2 product protein and amino acid content (%)
Product is analyzed through oil plant institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, herding, and embodiment 1, and isothiocyanate content is that 0.006% ， oxazolidine thioketones content is 0.025%.Embodiment 2, and the two content is between 0.03～0.05%, and according to domestic, the safety requirements of feed grain ration, isothiocyanates are below 0.025% at 0.045% ， oxazolidine thioketones.Therefore, product is to meet safety requirements fully as forage protein raw material formula feed grain ration.
The used virus-free strain of method of the present invention can obtain by conventional method, and a large amount of easily cultivation breeding, and the present invention adopts solid open type fermented, temperature is near room temperature, and fermentation back material moisture is few, can directly dry, technology and equipment are simple, and the no three wastes are realized suitability for industrialized production easily.Rape cake not only makes its toxic ingredient content reduce after the inventive method detoxification, meets the feed safety requirement, and its protein and amino acid content all are improved.So the present invention provides a comparatively desirable approach for making full use of of this Abundant protein resource of rape cake.
Claims (5)
1, a kind of method of preparing feed protein by detoxication of rapeseed cake, it is characterized in that in the rape cake raw material, inserting head mold (Rhizopus.) or aspergillus (Aspergillus.) bacterial classification that rape cake is had detoxification, add the water that accounts for rape cake raw material dry weight 50～60% again, 25～35 ℃ of insulations 22～30 hours, dry then, pulverize and be product behind the mixing.
2, in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that used virus-free strain be from the rape cake that goes mouldy, rapeseed plough or the soil of oil expression mill mud ground sampling, separate to cultivate and obtain.
3, in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that said rape cake raw material adds wheat bran or chaff or wheat bran and chaff again by rape cake and forms, its proportioning (by weight) is: 4～4.5 parts of rape cakes, 0.2～0.5 part in wheat bran (or chaff or wheat bran and chaff).
4, in accordance with the method for claim 3, it is characterized in that in the rape cake raw material, adding again the leftover bits and pieces (for example blood meal, feather meal or discarded livestock and poultry blood etc.) of butchering livestock and poultry, addition (by weight) is: 0.2～0.5 part of blood meal or feather meal, 0.5～1 part of the discarded blood of livestock and poultry.
5, according to any one described method in the claim 1 to 4, the inoculum concentration that it is characterized in that used virus-free strain is 0.5～1% of a rape cake raw material dry weight.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN90104543A CN1057950A (en) | 1990-07-10 | 1990-07-10 | The method of preparing feed protein by detoxication of rapeseed cake |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN90104543A CN1057950A (en) | 1990-07-10 | 1990-07-10 | The method of preparing feed protein by detoxication of rapeseed cake |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1057950A true CN1057950A (en) | 1992-01-22 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN90104543A Pending CN1057950A (en) | 1990-07-10 | 1990-07-10 | The method of preparing feed protein by detoxication of rapeseed cake |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101849613A (en) * | 2010-05-18 | 2010-10-06 | 四川大学 | Biological detoxification technology for rape-seed meal |
| CN102018095A (en) * | 2010-03-01 | 2011-04-20 | 安徽科创牧业生物技术有限公司 | Method for producing bean pulp substitute for feeding |
| CN102028127A (en) * | 2009-10-06 | 2011-04-27 | 张宗舟 | Microbiological detoxifying method of rapeseed cake |
| CN101632411B (en) * | 2009-08-20 | 2012-07-11 | 陈志敏 | Method for preparing high-quality rapeseed protein containing conjugated linoleic acid by multi-strain fermentation |
-
1990
- 1990-07-10 CN CN90104543A patent/CN1057950A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101632411B (en) * | 2009-08-20 | 2012-07-11 | 陈志敏 | Method for preparing high-quality rapeseed protein containing conjugated linoleic acid by multi-strain fermentation |
| CN102028127A (en) * | 2009-10-06 | 2011-04-27 | 张宗舟 | Microbiological detoxifying method of rapeseed cake |
| CN102018095A (en) * | 2010-03-01 | 2011-04-20 | 安徽科创牧业生物技术有限公司 | Method for producing bean pulp substitute for feeding |
| CN101849613A (en) * | 2010-05-18 | 2010-10-06 | 四川大学 | Biological detoxification technology for rape-seed meal |
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