CN105793662B - 具有改进的流动的热交换器 - Google Patents

具有改进的流动的热交换器 Download PDF

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CN105793662B
CN105793662B CN201480066041.9A CN201480066041A CN105793662B CN 105793662 B CN105793662 B CN 105793662B CN 201480066041 A CN201480066041 A CN 201480066041A CN 105793662 B CN105793662 B CN 105793662B
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heat exchanger
openings
flow
plates
ridges
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CN105793662A (zh
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S·安德森
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Swep International AB
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/02—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations
    • F28F3/04—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being integral with the element
    • F28F3/042—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being integral with the element in the form of local deformations of the element
    • F28F3/046—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being integral with the element in the form of local deformations of the element the deformations being linear, e.g. corrugations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/03—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with plate-like or laminated conduits
    • F28D1/0308—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with plate-like or laminated conduits the conduits being formed by paired plates touching each other
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0025—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being formed by zig-zag bend plates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0031—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0031—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other
    • F28D9/0037—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other the conduits for the other heat-exchange medium also being formed by paired plates touching each other
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    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0031—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other
    • F28D9/0043—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other the plates having openings therein for circulation of at least one heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0031—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other
    • F28D9/0043—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other the plates having openings therein for circulation of at least one heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another
    • F28D9/005—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other the plates having openings therein for circulation of at least one heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another the plates having openings therein for both heat-exchange media
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
    • F28F13/02—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by influencing fluid boundary
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
    • F28F13/06—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
    • F28F13/06—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media
    • F28F13/08—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media by varying the cross-section of the flow channels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
    • F28F13/06—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media
    • F28F13/12—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media by creating turbulence, e.g. by stirring, by increasing the force of circulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/02—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/02—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations
    • F28F3/04—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being integral with the element
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/02—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations
    • F28F3/04—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being integral with the element
    • F28F3/042—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being integral with the element in the form of local deformations of the element
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/02—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations
    • F28F3/04—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being integral with the element
    • F28F3/042—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being integral with the element in the form of local deformations of the element
    • F28F3/044—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being integral with the element in the form of local deformations of the element the deformations being pontual, e.g. dimples
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/08—Elements constructed for building-up into stacks, e.g. capable of being taken apart for cleaning
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/08—Elements constructed for building-up into stacks, e.g. capable of being taken apart for cleaning
    • F28F3/083—Elements constructed for building-up into stacks, e.g. capable of being taken apart for cleaning capable of being taken apart
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/08—Elements constructed for building-up into stacks, e.g. capable of being taken apart for cleaning
    • F28F3/086—Elements constructed for building-up into stacks, e.g. capable of being taken apart for cleaning having one or more openings therein forming tubular heat-exchange passages
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/08—Elements constructed for building-up into stacks, e.g. capable of being taken apart for cleaning
    • F28F3/10—Arrangements for sealing the margins
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    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/026—Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits
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    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2215/00—Fins
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    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
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    • F28F2275/04—Fastening; Joining by brazing

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
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  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Abstract

热交换器(100)包括堆叠成一叠的多个同样的热交换器板(110)。每个其他的热交换器板在其平面内相对其相邻的板旋转180度，并且每个热交换器板包括至少四个开口(130，140，150，160)及具有挤压的脊部(R)和槽部(G)的人字形图案。所述脊部和槽部适于使板彼此保持一定距离以形成流道，其中所述开口周围的区域设置在不同水平高度，从而实现从开口到流道的选择性的流动。凹陷(D)设置在任一开口附近的脊部(R)和槽部(G)中，所述凹陷(D)设置为使流动阻力增大，以促使所述流道中的流动分配更为均匀。

Description

具有改进的流动的热交换器
技术领域
本发明涉及一种热交换器，所述热交换器包括堆叠成一叠的多个同样的热交换器板，其中每个其他的热交换器板在其平面内相对其相邻的板旋转180度，并且其中每个热交换器板包括至少四个开口及具有挤压的脊部和槽部的人字形图案，所述脊部和槽部适于使板彼此保持一定距离以形成流道，其中所述开口周围的区域设置在不同水平高度，从而实现从开口到流道的选择性的流动(flow)。
背景技术
最为常见的热交换器类型是具有多个同样的热交换器板的热交换器，每个热交换器板包括开口，开口周围的区域位于不同高度，以设置用于进入流道的选择性的流体连通，所述流道通过相邻的热交换器板的脊部和槽部的挤压图案之间的相互作用而设置。
如热交换器领域的技术人员所熟知，与由不相同的板制造成的热交换器相比，上述类型的热交换器具有一个小缺点，即用于一种流体的流入开口和流出开口设置在热交换器轴线的一侧，而用于另一种流体的开口设置在所述轴线的另一侧。
由于从开口到开口之间存在用于流体沿直线通过的较短路径(且因此阻力较小)，这导致了热交换流体微小的不均分配。每种流体的主要流量将因此转而朝向热交换器的相对于热交换器的轴线的一侧流动。显然，最优的分配应该是两种流体在通过相邻的板设置的流道中均匀流动。
相对于长度具有更大宽度的热交换器的不均分配问题甚至更为显著—已有的“拇指规则”指出为了得到可接受的热交换器效率，长度最好应是宽度的1.7倍。
在US2007/0107890中，通过在相邻的板间提供接触点，使其中的流体的流动相较于线性方向的流动具有较大的向侧向的流动阻力，来解决侧向不均分配的问题。想象上，这将迫使流体沿更正确的方向流动，从而减轻不均分配问题。
EP2420791公开了一种用于在流道中流动的流体与外部空气之间进行热交换的辐射型板式热交换器。为避免开口后方的流动停滞，在开口侧方设置了导流结构以降低流动阻力，从而避免了开口周围的停滞区域。所述文件并未提及流体侧向的不均分配，并且由于开口的两侧具有同样的导流结构，该文件的设计也未对侧向的不均分配产生影响。
本发明的目的是对由同样的热交换器板制成的热交换器中的流动分配进行改进。
发明内容
本发明通过提供上述类型的热交换器解决上述和其他问题，所述热交换器具有设置在任一开口附近的脊部和槽部中的凹陷的附加特征。所述凹陷设置为使流动阻力增大，以促使流道中的流动分配更为均匀。
在本发明的一个实施方式中，所述凹陷设置为使得堆叠的相邻的板的所述脊部和槽部之间的接触点不受所述凹陷影响。这增加了热交换器的强度。
如果上述设置不能在流动分配上获得足够效果，可在两个相邻的开口周围设置凹陷，其中所述相邻的开口中的一者附近的凹陷设置在脊部中，且所述两个相邻的开口中的另一者附近的凹陷设置在槽部中。
为获得有成本效益的热交换器，所述堆叠的热交换器板可通过钎焊连接。
附图说明
下文中，将参考附图对本发明进行描述，其中：
图1为具有六个同样的热交换器板的热交换器的爆炸透视图；
图2为显示了图1中的一个热交换器板的透视图；以及
图3为显示了图2中的区域B的透视图。
具体实施方式
参考图1，根据本发明的热交换器100包括多个同样的热交换器板110，每个热交换器板包括四个开口130，140，150，及160，开口130，150分别为第一流体的流入口和流出口，开口160，140分别为旨在与第一流体进行热交换的第二流体的流入口和流出口。
板还包括设置成人字形图案的脊部R和槽部G，脊部R和槽部G能够使板彼此保持一定距离以形成流道。开口周围的区域设置在不同高度，从而允许流体选择性的流向流道。开口130和150周围的区域设置在相同高度，如脊部R的高度，而开口140，150周围的区域设置在另一高度，如槽部G的高度。
两个相邻的热交换器板在平面内总是互相旋转180度，即使得开口130和160相互邻接，且开口150和140相互邻接。如前所述，开口周围的区域设置在不同高度，意味着设置在板的轴线一侧的一对开口将允许流体流进由相邻的板设置的流道中，而另外一对开口将被关闭，即不允许流体流进相同的流道。然而，同一对开口将与下一相邻热交换器板设置的流道流体连通。
另外，热交换器板具有围绕板110的边缘延伸的边缘部(skirt)190。相邻的板的边缘部设置为使流道密封，从而防止漏进或漏出流道。
最后，端板170，180设置在堆叠的热交换板的外侧。端板的目的是增加强度，即热交换器的耐压能力。如果压力要求小，端板则可以省略。
图2显示了一个热交换器板110；图中在开口130和140附近显示了分别具有脊部和槽部R和G的人字形图案的一些不规则性。在图3中更为详细的显示了这一区域(在图2中标示为B)。在开口150和160附近，人字形图案是不规则的。
从图3中可以看到，在开口130附近，具有脊部R和槽部G的人字形图案被凹陷D中断；凹陷D设置在槽部G中，而在开口140附近，凹陷D设置在脊部R中。
如上所述，热交换器板相互堆叠在彼此上，其中每个其他的板相对其相邻的板旋转180度。如果想象板110设置在图3中局部显示的板的上部，且相对于此板旋转180，则开口130将显然地对由这两个板限定的流道打开，而开口140将关闭。
开口130附近的槽部G中的凹陷D将降低流量，且由此在开口130附近增大压降，而在开口140附近的脊部R中的凹陷D将增加流量，且由此使在流道中通过的流体的压降降低。考虑到开口130是流入口，流体将由此被引导向热交换器板的设置有开口140的轴线的一侧。
如果相同的板设置在图3中显示的板的下方，开口140将被打开，使流体向下进入由这两个板限定的流道，并且流动将被引导(或迫使)至热交换器板的设置有开口130的轴线的一侧的路径。然而，任何人都不可能将两个流入口相互邻接设置。
然而，由于是同样的板，压力的冲击降低，且由此对于开口150，160流动分配将相等。
以上已经结合一个单一的实施方式对本发明进行了说明，所述实施方式对由相同的热交换器板堆叠形成的板式热交换器的流动分配具有显著的改进，其中每个其他的板在其平面内相对其相邻的板旋转180度。在所示的实施方式中，所述改进是通过人字形图案的脊部和槽部通过具有凹陷D的接触点使板相互间保持一定距离而获得。然而，仅提供，例如开口130附近的具有凹陷D的槽部G或开口140附近的具有凹陷D的脊部R，也可以获得相同的效果。
也可以在开口130和150附近的槽部G设置凹陷，且在开口140和160附近的脊部R设置凹陷。
本发明可以被用于钎焊式热交换器和封装式热交换器，即通过垫圈密封边缘部分和开口的周围的热交换器。

Claims (3)

1.一种热交换器(100)，该热交换器(100)包括堆叠成一叠的多个同样的热交换器板(110)，其中每个其他的热交换器板在其平面内相对于其相邻的板旋转180度，并且其中每个热交换器板包括至少四个开口(130，140，150，160)及具有挤压的脊部(R)和槽部(G)的人字形图案，所述脊部和槽部适于使板彼此保持距离以形成流道，其中所述开口周围的区域设置在不同水平高度，从而实现从所述开口到所述流道的选择性的流动，
其特征在于，从所述热交换器板的正面看，仅在第一开口(130)附近的所述槽部(G)中设置有凹陷(D)，所述槽部(G)中的所述凹陷(D)设置为使流动阻力增大，以促使所述流道中的流动分配更为均匀，其中，所述凹陷设置为使得堆叠的相邻的板的所述脊部(R)和槽部(G)之间的接触点不受所述凹陷影响。
2.如权利要求1所述的热交换器(100)，其中，所述凹陷(D)设置在两个相邻的开口(130，140；150，160)周围，其中所述相邻的开口中的一者附近的所述凹陷(D)设置在所述脊部(R)中，且所述两个相邻的开口(130，140；150，160)中的另一者附近的凹陷(D)设置在所述槽部(G)中。
3.如上述权利要求中任意一项所述的热交换器(100)，其中，堆叠成一叠的所述热交换器板通过钎焊连接。
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