CN1057765A - 鞋跟弹簧及稳定件 - Google Patents
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Abstract
用热塑树脂与碳—玻璃纤维布夹层复合材料制
成的脚跟尺寸薄板,有一对上弯侧缘,前后端,并有一
体形成在其上的后伸、上斜、垂直作用的弹簧件。该
部件在运动鞋中底跟部弹性材料中封装,使弹簧件处
在着鞋脚跟骨的下方。中底在弹簧件下方的区域有
挖空部,使弹簧可随脚跟施力反应,自由向下弯曲。
缓冲止动件可模制在鞋的外底中,限制弹簧件的最大
弯量。
Description
本发明一般涉及鞋类,具体有关运动鞋的后跟弹簧及脚的稳定件。
就多数人而言,步行或奔跑的动作涉及使用全足,从脚跟冲击开始,然后转到脚心,最后由前脚掌及脚趾发力。脚跟冲击前,脚部处在旋后状态,即脚掌相对于地面向上斜,并向外歪扭。脚跟冲击时,相关的足踝,膝及髋关节弯曲,将冲击的振动减缓并吸收,然后脚掌践地,并在所谓的旋前过程中向内歪扭。
在这程序中,最好尽可能吸收脚冲击的振动能量,同时有落地稳定性,防止对跑行者造成慢性或创伤性的损伤。如有可能,也是在高稳定跑步的情况下,最好也能储存吸收的振动能,在步伐的发力阶段中,回送到脚上,发挥能量的效率。最好还在脚部接触地面时,为了医疗及稳定步伐的缘故,都能限制脚部的过度旋后或过度旋前的倾向。
在制鞋行业中,已知在鞋底中采用弹簧件,尤其用于鞋跟中,储存跑步时脚冲击施出的能量,在提脚时,至少将一部分能量送回到着鞋的脚上。同属已知的是在鞋底中设置横向及纵向加劲件,克服跑步时着鞋者的过旋后或过旋前的影响。
例如在美国专利第4,486,964及4,506,460号中,鲁迪(M.F.Rudi)叙述了各种类型的塑料及热处理钢材的“弹簧缓冲件”,据称主要目的是将脚的冲击力较均匀而迅速分布到脚下的充气鞋底上。据说这些缓冲件的马蹄形鞋跟元件,与脚配合,起与贝称维尔弹簧相似的作用,跑步时将能量储存并回送,在一种款式中,据说还可提供足踝的垂直稳定性。
在美国专利第2,357,281及2,394,281号中,威廉斯(V.P.Williams)揭示了一种礼服鞋的抗振鞋跟组合件,内设钢弹簧。
在美国专利第4,709,489号中,威尔特(K.F.Welter)揭示了一种鞋跟弹簧件,内有一块钢板,在横端上用U形的不能压缩的支承件支承。支承件除提供鞋跟弹簧作用外,还可为鞋跟提供横向稳定性。
在美国专利第4,881,329号中,克劳利(K.J.Crowley)还揭示了另一形式的储能鞋跟弹簧,据说可用高抗张材料制造,诸如石墨,和/或玻璃纤维及树脂。
最后,美国马萨诸塞州布洛克顿的伊汤尼克(Etonic)公司广告中的一种“稳定系统”,其中有石墨,丙烯酸,玻璃纤维复合材料制造的各种形式的DRP+板(DRP Plus Plate),放在鞋底内的各个位置上,补偿个别着鞋者的过旋前和/或过旋后的问题。
本申请揭示一种新的部件,在运动鞋的中层底中封装,将鞋跟弹簧的优点与稳定板的优点结合,鞋跟弹簧将跑步时的冲击能吸收,储存,并送回到着鞋者的脚上;稳定板在同一活动中,有助于防止脚的过旋后和过旋前。由于这种器件的制造方法及材料,部件的制造简单而价廉,重量非常轻。
本发明的部件为一个用热塑树脂和碳-玻璃纤维布的结实、坚硬而有柔弹性的复合夹层材料形成的鞋跟尺寸的薄板,在运动鞋中层底跟部中封装。鞋跟板有一对向上弯边的侧缘及前后端,一个一体的后伸、上斜的垂直作用弹簧件固定在上面。弹簧被一对从后端向前伸入板中的槽限制在板上。弹簧件停留在着鞋者脚跟骨的下面,鞋的中层底在弹簧件下面的区域挖空,使之可随脚跟的施力反应,自由向下弯曲。可将一个“减振器”或塞垫在鞋的外底上模制,限制弹簧件的最大下弯量。
考虑了下文对理想实施方案的详细叙述,尤其在从附图的角度考虑时,对部件及与之相随的优点便可更加了解,附图内容简述如下:
图1 为运动鞋右脚鞋跟的局部侧视图,虚线所示为本发明的部件;
图2 为与图1所示相同的鞋跟的局部仰视图;如沿线2-2所揭示,本发明的部件用虚线表示;
图3 为图1及2中所示鞋跟及本发明的部件,沿图2中线3-3的局部剖视图;
图4 为向后方观察鞋跟及图1-3所示部件的局部剖视图,示出沿图2中线4-4的剖视;
图5 为本发明鞋跟弹簧及稳定板部件的透视图。
图1及2所示可清楚看出,典型的运动鞋包括有一个鞋面2和底部3。鞋1的特点可以是“网球”鞋,“跑”鞋,或“综合训练”鞋,以其具体的用途及款式为定。
鞋面2可有高帮或矮帮形式,可用皮革及/或包括乙烯树脂的各种人造材料制造。底部3一般具有一个中底4和一个外底5。底部3还可以有一个内底层(未示),与中层底成一体或分离,并且与着鞋者脚底形状极相近,并将脚的载荷在中底上较均匀分布。
现代运动鞋的典型中底材料,包括乙烯乙酸乙烯泡沫材料(“EVA”)和聚氨基甲酸乙酯(“PU”)泡沫,可将其模制,从而具备许多理想的功能和装饰细部及尺寸特点,并将部件,如本发明的部件,在模制过程中封装在中底的厚度内。
外底5的典型材料包括许多人造橡胶及非泡沫PU。如为中底4的材料,这有利于通过模制,在外底5的下侧或外壁上加所需的特征或图案,诸如图中的接地部6。可使用的外底图案的一个举例,如本申请人的同时待批美国外观设计专利申请案所示,其申请号为07/505,003,申请日为1990年4月5日。
从附图3-5可清楚地看到构成本发明主题的,作为举例的运动鞋鞋跟弹簧及稳定件10的理想实施方案。图示部件10在右脚的鞋1上,应理解为有一对这种部件,每双这种鞋每只各有一个,另一个为左脚的,与图示的部件10在人体的矢状平面两侧对称。
部件10是一个脚跟尺寸的薄平板12,用下文所述的结实、坚硬而有柔弹性的材料制造。如上文所述,在模制中底时,将部件以大致水平状态,封装在中底4的跟部的弹性材料中。
板12最好从大平片材料坯上冲切,然后按下文所述成形。分别有一对向上弯边的侧缘14A及14B,和前后端16及18,一个一体成形的后伸、上斜垂直作用弹簧件20,该弹簧件由一对从后端18向前伸入板中的敞口槽22A及22B,在板上形成。
图示的部件10可用各种材料制造,包括热处理过的弹簧钢,但作为举例,部件10的理想材料,是热塑树脂的夹层复合材料,有面片为碳与玻璃纤维的织造纤维或基质。该材料为医疗材料公司(Medical Materials Corporation)出品,用于生物医疗方面,商标为TL-61,商品名为诺夫特克(Novetek),美国专利第4,778,717号中有较详细的叙述。
理想材料以片状材料供应,厚度范围在0.035至0.055英寸之间。抗张强度取决于厚度,每平方英寸(“psi”)在24,000与42,000磅之间,弹性模娄知1.3至3.6×10磅/平方英寸之间。易于切割,锯切,或者如图示的理想实施方案,则用相当廉价的工具冲切。
材料还可进一步加热成形,使之具有所需的形状或外形,诸如用适当的工具,在相对低的温度(350-500°F)下将材料加热,形成弹簧20的上斜,和侧缘14A,14B的向上弯折。当这样成形的材料的温度降回到室温时,其弹性及强度完全恢复。本申请人对使用寿命循环进行了试验,试验样本的部件10的构形,基本与图示的举例方案相似,其弹簧件20从不弯折状态,以每秒钟六个循环的速度弯折到与板12平齐。试验样本可承受一百万次以上的这种循环而不损坏,并不出现任何断裂,疲劳裂纹,或可测出的材料强度下降或弹性下降。于是可见理想复合材料的物理性,比热处理的合金钢优良,然而与等同的钢材部件比较,重量及制造成本减低相当多。
部件10放在中底4的材料的鞋跟范围内,使弹簧件20的最后部,基本停留在着鞋脚的大跟骨的下面,从而中底4的材料有一个层24在上面覆盖。中底在弹簧件下面的一个区域26挖空,使弹簧件可自由向下弯折。
层24起着鞋者跟骨下面的织物垫与弹簧件20上表面之间的缓冲作用,并起将脚施加在弹簧件上的载荷较均匀分布的作用。层24的作用还在于酌量减少弹簧件对脚跟的总弹性,以及抬起脚跟时弹簧件将弯折能量回送的能力,起因主要是在压缩与膨胀时,层24中因热消散而能量损耗。但是据信这种些微损耗,因能提高脚的舒适性,并能防止将脚跟弹起的弹力过大,故损耗可允许。除这效果和下文所述弯量限制状态外,在预期的全部弯幅中,弹簧件的反应一般为直线型,且在抬起脚跟时,将脚跟冲击时储存的弯折能量,高效率(>85%)送回到着鞋脚上。
在理想实施方案中,图示板12的侧缘14A,14B向上弯,但在适当的设计中也可以向下弯。弯缘用于对部件在纵向上作很大的加劲,并且由于在着鞋脚的两侧,略偏向脚跟的外侧,故起到像独木舟的外伸叉架支撑的作用,防止在正常的步行或跑步中,着鞋脚在脚跟冲击,践地及发力向前时的旋后与旋前。假如由于任何原因部件10与中底4的材料分离,弯缘还有助于将部件10固定,防止蠕动。
在图示的举例理想方案中,将一个可随意取舍的缓冲止动件28,模制在鞋的外底5中,紧靠弹簧件20及跟骨的下方放置,在脚跟作大冲击时,诸如跳跃时,对弹簧件的向下弯量作最大极限。缓冲止动件28的垂直量度,使之在一般的站立与步行活动中不致与弹簧件20接触,而仅在弹簧件弯量超过弹簧件的合理最大下弯量,诸如在跳跃或强力奔跑活动中出现的情况,缓冲止动件28才起作用。
熟练的从业者从上面的讨论将认识到,根据当时的具体问题与用途,可对本申请揭示的鞋跟弹簧及稳定板的特点,材料及制造方法作许多改变。因此,对图示的实施方案及本文的讨论,应认为仅作举例说明的性质,本发明的范围应仅以文后的权利要求书作界限。
Claims (20)
1、一种运动鞋的减振储能鞋跟弹簧及稳定部件,其特征是包括有:一个用结实、坚硬而有柔弹性的材料制造的鞋跟尺寸的薄板,该板有一对侧缘,前后端,并有一体形成的后伸、上斜垂直作用弹簧件。
2、如权利要求1所述的部件,其特征是弹簧件由至少一条通过板的材料切制的槽形成。
3、如权利要求1所述的部件,其特征是弹簧件由一对槽形成,槽向板的后端敞口,向前通入板中。
4、如权利要求1所述的部件,其特征是板的材料为热塑树脂和碳-玻璃纤维的纤维基质。
5、如权利要求1所述的部件,其特征是板的侧缘向上弯。
6、如权利要求1所述的部件,其特征是板的侧缘向下弯。
7、如权利要求1所述的部件,其特征是还包括有
一个设置在弹簧件下方的弹性材料缓冲止动件,其位置可限制弹簧件的最大下弯量。
8、在一种具有一个鞋面部和一个鞋底部的运动鞋中,该鞋底部有一个跟部,和弹性中底及外底,及在跑步时将着鞋脚上的跑步能量储存并回送,并将着鞋脚稳定的吸收脚部冲击的改进机构,所述改进机构包括有:
将用结实、坚硬、而有柔弹性的材料制造的封装在鞋的中底的鞋跟部分中的脚跟尺寸的薄板,
该板具有一对侧缘、前后端和一个附在该板上的后伸、上斜、垂直作用的弹簧件,
该弹簧件有一个后部,大致设置在着鞋脚的跟骨下方,
中底在弹簧件下方的区域挖空,使弹簧可自由向下弯曲。
9、如权利要求8所述的机构,其特征是弹簧件由通过板的切槽形成。
10、如权利要求8所述的机构,其特征是弹簧件由从板的后端向前伸入板中的一对敞口槽形成。
11、如权利要求8所述的机构,其特征是板的材料为一种碳-玻璃纤维基质和热塑树脂的复合材料。
12、如权利要求8所述的机构,其特征是板的侧缘向上弯。
13、如权利要求8所述的机构,其特征是板的侧缘向下弯。
14、如权利要求8所述的机构,其特征是鞋的外底有一个弹性材料制造的止动件,设置在弹簧件下面,限制弹簧的最大下偏量。
15、具有减振,储能及稳定脚性能的运动鞋,包括有:
鞋面;
与鞋面连接的鞋底,鞋底有内底,外底及鞋跟部;其特征是
一个用结实、坚硬而有柔弹性的材料制造的脚跟尺寸的薄板,封装在中底跟部材料内,使中底的材料能将其覆盖,
该板有一对侧缘,前后端,至少一条槽在其上通过,形成一个附在板上的上斜、后伸、垂直作用的弹簧件,
弹簧件有一个后部,大致设置在着鞋脚跟骨的下方,当脚跟冲击时向下弯曲;
一个弹性材料的止动件,在弹簧件的下面外底上,以限制弹簧件最大的下弯量。
16、如权利要求15所述的运动鞋,其特征是中底在弹簧件下方,而在外底上方的一个区域有一个挖空部,使弹簧件在向下弯时,可自由在垂直方向上弯曲。
17、如权利要求15所述的运动鞋,其特征是弹簧件由一对从板的后端向前伸展的敞口槽形成。
18、如权利要求15所述的运动鞋,其特征是板的材料为热塑树脂与碳-玻璃纤维织物的复合材料。
19、如权利要求15所述的运动鞋,其特征是板的侧缘向上弯。
20、如权利要求15所述的运动鞋,其特征是板的侧缘向下弯。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US549,493 | 1990-07-05 | ||
US07/549,493 US5381608A (en) | 1990-07-05 | 1990-07-05 | Shoe heel spring and stabilizer |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN1057765A true CN1057765A (zh) | 1992-01-15 |
Family
ID=24193237
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN91104659A Pending CN1057765A (zh) | 1990-07-05 | 1991-07-01 | 鞋跟弹簧及稳定件 |
Country Status (30)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5381608A (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2649293B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR940003163B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1057765A (zh) |
AT (1) | AT402680B (zh) |
AU (1) | AU642008B2 (zh) |
BE (1) | BE1004224A3 (zh) |
BR (1) | BR9101871A (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2040244C (zh) |
CH (1) | CH683739A5 (zh) |
DE (1) | DE4122086C2 (zh) |
DK (1) | DK172404B1 (zh) |
EG (1) | EG19966A (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2043504B1 (zh) |
FI (1) | FI95000C (zh) |
FR (1) | FR2664135B1 (zh) |
GB (1) | GB2246280B (zh) |
GR (1) | GR1000912B (zh) |
IE (1) | IE66491B1 (zh) |
IL (1) | IL98624A (zh) |
IT (1) | IT1251261B (zh) |
MY (1) | MY110435A (zh) |
NO (1) | NO178993C (zh) |
PH (1) | PH31504A (zh) |
PL (1) | PL166684B1 (zh) |
PT (1) | PT8761U (zh) |
RU (1) | RU2046588C1 (zh) |
SE (1) | SE504179C2 (zh) |
YU (1) | YU47964B (zh) |
ZA (1) | ZA912887B (zh) |
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- 1991-05-08 BR BR919101871A patent/BR9101871A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
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- 1991-05-29 PH PH42533A patent/PH31504A/en unknown
- 1991-06-03 FI FI912661A patent/FI95000C/fi active
- 1991-06-10 GR GR910100259A patent/GR1000912B/el unknown
- 1991-06-21 AT AT0124991A patent/AT402680B/de active
- 1991-06-25 FR FR9107806A patent/FR2664135B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-06-25 IL IL9862491A patent/IL98624A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-06-26 PL PL91290814A patent/PL166684B1/pl unknown
- 1991-07-01 CN CN91104659A patent/CN1057765A/zh active Pending
- 1991-07-02 EG EG39891A patent/EG19966A/xx active
- 1991-07-03 YU YU117591A patent/YU47964B/sh unknown
- 1991-07-03 IT ITRM910480A patent/IT1251261B/it active IP Right Grant
- 1991-07-04 NO NO912623A patent/NO178993C/no unknown
- 1991-07-04 DK DK130591A patent/DK172404B1/da not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-07-04 CH CH1989/91A patent/CH683739A5/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-07-04 GB GB9114441A patent/GB2246280B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-07-04 RU SU915001020A patent/RU2046588C1/ru active
- 1991-07-04 DE DE4122086A patent/DE4122086C2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-07-05 JP JP3191119A patent/JP2649293B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
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Cited By (8)
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CN102112022A (zh) * | 2009-07-06 | 2011-06-29 | 思达科技国际 | 用于鞋类的鞋底 |
CN102112022B (zh) * | 2009-07-06 | 2015-04-15 | 思达科技国际 | 用于鞋类的鞋底 |
CN102132980B (zh) * | 2010-01-22 | 2012-07-18 | 北京世纪普乐经贸有限公司 | 波型弹簧垫减震功能鞋 |
CN103906446A (zh) * | 2011-06-10 | 2014-07-02 | 升阳矫型康复公司 | 治疗鞋底及其制造方法 |
CN103906446B (zh) * | 2011-06-10 | 2016-06-22 | 升阳矫型康复公司 | 治疗鞋底及其制造方法 |
CN105901825A (zh) * | 2013-06-11 | 2016-08-31 | 基恩瑞士公司 | 鞋类物品、鞋类物品的元件以及相关的制造方法 |
CN105901825B (zh) * | 2013-06-11 | 2018-01-19 | 基恩瑞士公司 | 鞋类物品、鞋类物品的元件以及相关的制造方法 |
US10624420B2 (en) | 2013-06-11 | 2020-04-21 | K-Swiss, Inc. | Article of footwear, elements thereof, and related methods of manufacturing |
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