CN105773072A - 一种片层叠加增材制造复杂金属零件的方法 - Google Patents

一种片层叠加增材制造复杂金属零件的方法 Download PDF

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CN105773072A
CN105773072A CN201511003859.9A CN201511003859A CN105773072A CN 105773072 A CN105773072 A CN 105773072A CN 201511003859 A CN201511003859 A CN 201511003859A CN 105773072 A CN105773072 A CN 105773072A
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metal parts
lamella
increases
material manufactures
realized
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吴林波
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Beijing Hangke Precision Machinery Technology Co Ltd
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Beijing Hangke Precision Machinery Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201511003859.9A priority Critical patent/CN105773072A/zh
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Priority to CN201680008757.2A priority patent/CN107249813A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2016/108678 priority patent/WO2017114104A1/zh
Priority to US15/934,537 priority patent/US20180207924A1/en
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    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
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    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
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    • B23K20/129—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding specially adapted for particular articles or workpieces
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    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
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    • B23K20/233—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded without ferrous layer
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    • B23K20/233—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded without ferrous layer
    • B23K20/2336—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded without ferrous layer both layers being aluminium
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    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
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    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
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    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
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    • B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor

Abstract

本发明涉及一种利用机械加工制造工艺和扩散焊等工艺相结合的复合加工制造复杂金属零件的方法。通过将金属零件分成若干传统加工工艺能够加工的具有一定厚度的片层，然后再用扩散焊或者摩擦焊等工艺将这些金属片层粘接成型金属零件。这种增材制造与传统的机械加工减材制造加工技术有机结合在一起，使增材制造的生产能力得到进一步扩大和补充，以实现金属零件的高精度和高光洁度以及复杂内部结构金属零件的制造。

Description

一种片层叠加增材制造复杂金属零件的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种片层叠加增材制造复杂金属零件的方法。具体说，涉及利用机械加工制造工艺和扩散焊、摩擦焊或者等离子焊接等工艺相结合，复合加工制造复杂金属零件的方法。
背景技术
增材制造技术在近几年得到迅速发展。但目前为止，金属零件的增材制造基本上采用金属粉末通过激光或者等离子高温烧结堆积成型，由于成本高，效率低等原因，很难得到广泛应用。寻找一种低成本的金属零件增材制造技术非常必要！
而且目前的增材制造工艺在大多数情况下只适合于制造无法利用传统加工方法完成的样品和零件，而且只能生产零件毛坯，精度与光洁度无法保证，达不到零件的装配工艺要求，还需要再次利用传统机械加工的方式加工其装配面以满足其精度要求，而如果是内部结构当对复杂的零件，有些区域采用铣刀或其他刀具是无法接近的，则实现不了高光洁度的要求。
因此，这种利用机械加工制造工艺和片层叠加扩散焊接工艺相结合的复合式制造复杂内部结构金属零件的方法，在增材制造技术领域尤其是金属零件的增材制造领域具有划时代的意义。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于通过将传统工艺加工好的金属片层通过扩散焊或者摩擦焊叠加焊接，使金属片层之间紧密粘接成型金属零件，通过传统的机械加工减材制造与增材制造工艺这两种加工技术结合在一起，这样最终成型完整的金属零件。使增材制造的生产能力得到进一步扩大和补充，以实现金属零件的高精度和高光洁度以及复杂内部结构零件的制造。
附图说明
图1是零件成品
图2是零件俯视图
图3是零件剖视图
图4是零件分层前视图
图5是零件分层加工后轴视图
图6是零件按顺序组合剖视图
图7是零件焊接成形
具体实施方式
1建立目标件的三维结构图形。
2选取合适位置沿三维结构图形特定方向逐层剖切，获得多层易于加工的具有一定厚度的层状结构零件图。
3通过各种机械加工方式，激光切割、水刀切割、加工中心加工等工艺结合制造出高精度和高光洁度的各层状结构零件。
4将各层零件按顺序叠加，并利用扩散焊或者摩擦焊获得目标零件。

Claims (9)

1.一种片层叠加增材制造复杂金属零件的方法。其特征在于将复杂的金属零件按一个方向拆分成若干可以通过传统加工工艺实现的具有一定厚度的片层，将这些片层通过激光切割、等离子切割以及加工中心机械加工等工艺实现每个具有高精度和高光洁度的片层形状零件，再将加工好的片层零件通过扩散焊、摩擦焊或者等离子焊接等方式实现金属零件的片层粘接，最终成型完整的金属零件。
2.根据权利要求1所述的片层叠加增材制造复杂金属零件的方法，其特征在于通过软件自动将金属零件通过合理算法拆分成传统工艺能够加工的若干片层。
3.根据权利要求1所述的片层叠加增材制造复杂金属零件的方法，其特征在于这些片层是可以通过传统加工工艺加工实现的。这些手段包括激光切割、等离子切割以及加工中心机械加工等工艺，以及这些加工工艺的组合。
4.根据权利要求1所述的片层叠加增材制造复杂金属零件的方法，其特征在于通过扩散焊、摩擦焊或者是等离子焊接等方式实现金属零件的片层粘接。
5.根据权利要求1所述的片层叠加增材制造复杂金属零件的方法，其特征在于是金属片层叠加成型制造复杂金属零件。
6.根据权利要求1所述的片层叠加增材制造复杂金属零件的方法，其特征在于成型后的金属零件物理性能、表面光洁度以及尺寸精度均达到传统加工工艺的要求。
7.根据权利要求1所述的片层叠加增材制造复杂金属零件的方法，其特征在于金属片层与部分非金属片层也能通过这种工艺粘接成一个零件。
8.根据权利要求1所述的片层叠加增材制造复杂金属零件的方法，其特征在于不同合金材料的金属片层也能通过这种工艺粘接成一个零件。
9.根据权利要求1所述的片层叠加增材制造复杂金属零件的方法，其特征在于整个增材制造过程是通过几台设备组成增材制造系统自动实现的。
CN201511003859.9A 2015-12-30 2015-12-30 一种片层叠加增材制造复杂金属零件的方法 Pending CN105773072A (zh)

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CN201680008757.2A CN107249813A (zh) 2015-12-30 2016-12-06 一种片层叠加增材制造复杂金属零件的方法及系统
PCT/CN2016/108678 WO2017114104A1 (zh) 2015-12-30 2016-12-06 一种片层叠加增材制造复杂金属零件的方法及系统
US15/934,537 US20180207924A1 (en) 2015-12-30 2018-03-23 Method and system for additive manufacturing of complex metal part by sheet lamination

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2017114104A1 (zh) * 2015-12-30 2017-07-06 北京航科精机科技有限公司 一种片层叠加增材制造复杂金属零件的方法及系统
CN107962358A (zh) * 2017-12-15 2018-04-27 佛山租我科技有限公司 基于薄片叠层连接的金属零件三维成型方法
CN111055036A (zh) * 2019-11-28 2020-04-24 上海微电子装备（集团）股份有限公司 一种金属增材制造方法
CN112658630A (zh) * 2020-12-17 2021-04-16 台州学院 一种金属零件的增材制造方法
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