CN105756295B - A kind of Rainwater Resources in Urban Area reutilization system based on pelelith - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an urban rainwater resource utilization system based on volcanic stones. The system is arranged on the flat roof of a building. The system includes a composite vegetation area, which is arranged around the composite vegetation area in sequence from the inside to the outside. The rainwater confluence area, the retaining wall and the pedestrian area, the catchment area connected with the rainwater confluence area through the roof water collection pipe, the composite vegetation area includes a water-proof layer, a drainage layer, a coarse filter layer, The water storage layer, the planting matrix layer and the vegetation layer, the drainage layer is connected with the water collection area through the roof drainage pipe. Compared with the prior art, the system of the present invention has a simple overall structure, convenient construction, taking into account the flood control and drainage of urban buildings and the purification and utilization of rainwater, can effectively improve the survival rate of green vegetation on building roofs, and has obvious economic and environmental benefits.

Description

An urban rainwater recycling system based on volcanic stone

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of application of inorganic materials, and relates to an urban rainwater recycling system based on volcanic stones.

Background technique

With global warming and the intensification of insufficient water resource allocation, the proportion of short-term heavy rainfall in urban precipitation types continues to increase. In the case of insufficient urban drainage systems, it is very easy to cause short-term urban waterlogging disasters, which affect people's normal life. cause a lot of inconvenience. It can be seen that it is imminent to solve the waterlogging disaster, but the urban drainage system is difficult to improve in a short period of time.

Volcanic stone is a building material that is abundant in nature. It was widely used in garden setting during the feudal dynasty in China, and it is widely used in flower planting, indoor and outdoor landscape design, etc. in today's society. Volcanic stone has good characteristics such as large porosity, acid and alkali resistance, corrosion resistance, heat preservation, and sound absorption.

At present, roof greening is an upsurge in my country. This technology can play a role in flood control and drainage to a certain extent, and can effectively reduce the urban heat island effect and improve the living comfort of residents. However, the current roof greening structure mainly has the following problems in the actual design and use process: 1) the survival rate of roof plants is low, especially in the dry season, which requires a lot of energy to take care of; 2) most of the rainwater is difficult to store in a small amount of soil, and most 3) some existing rainwater storage systems are difficult to supply indoor domestic water with the lowest water quality requirements, such as flushing of washrooms, due to long water storage time, poor rainwater quality, and poor water quality; 4) There are few comprehensive systems that combine roof greening technology with rainwater harvesting technology.

The Chinese invention patent whose application number is 201410603517.X discloses a kind of urban roof greening and flood prevention structure, including a soil layer, an aquifer, and an aquifer layer arranged on top of the roof slab from top to bottom, wherein the aquifer It is composed of several water storage bricks spliced together, wherein the water storage bricks are made of volcanic rocks through glue, the thickness of the water storage bricks is 5cm, 8cm or 10cm, and the water storage bricks are composed of 3-6cm and 6- The number of stones with a particle size of 12cm is combined in a ratio of 1:3. The technical solution disclosed in this patent uses volcanic stones as raw materials to construct the water storage layer of the roof waterlogging prevention and greening project. By adding a volcanic stone water storage layer to the roof greening to reduce the impact of urban waterlogging, although the flood control and drainage function of the roof greening can be realized , but its technical effect is limited, and it cannot realize the filtration, collection and reuse of rainwater, and needs further improvement.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned defects in the prior art and provide a kind of urban rainwater resource utilization based on volcanic rocks that can take into account the flood control and drainage of urban buildings and the purification and utilization of rainwater, and improve the survival rate of green vegetation on building roofs. reuse system.

The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

An urban rainwater recycling system based on volcanic rocks, the system is set on the flat roof of the building, the system includes a composite vegetation area, and a rainwater confluence area surrounding the composite vegetation area from inside to outside in sequence , the retaining wall and the pedestrian area, the catchment area connected with the rainwater confluence area through the roof water collection pipe, and the composite vegetation area includes a water-proof layer, a drainage layer, a coarse filter layer, and an aquifer layer arranged in sequence from bottom to top , the planting substrate layer and the vegetation layer, the drainage layer communicates with the water collection area through the roof drainage pipe.

The aquifer is formed by mixing volcanic rocks with a particle size of 3-6 mm and volcanic rocks with a particle size of 6-12 mm in a volume ratio of 3-5:2.

The thickness of the aquifer is 80-120mm.

The coarse filter layer is formed by mixing volcanic rocks with a particle size of 3-6 mm and volcanic rocks with a particle size of 6-12 mm in a volume ratio of 2-3:1.

The thickness of the coarse filter layer is 40-60mm.

The coarse filter layer is mainly used to filter out small particles in the rainwater, prevent the drain outlet of the roof drain pipe from being blocked, and achieve the effect of initially purifying the rainwater quality.

The drainage layer is paved with ceramsite with a particle size of 12-20mm.

The ceramsite is one of gravel-shaped ceramsite or spherical ceramsite.

The main function of the drainage layer is to ensure that rainwater smoothly enters the outlet of the roof drainage pipe, and then flows into the water collection area to prevent the roof from accumulating.

The water-proof layer is a waterproof coiled material, which prevents rainwater from infiltrating and affecting the living effect after cracks occur on the roof.

The water catchment area is provided with a fine filter layer, and the fine filter layer is paved with acid-treated volcanic rocks with a particle size of 3-6 mm.

As a preferred technical solution, the water collection area is composed of a water storage tank connected to the roof drainage pipe, and the collected rainwater is stored in the water collection area for residents' daily use.

The treatment conditions of the acid-treated volcanic rock are as follows: select volcanic rock with a particle size of 3-6mm, wash it repeatedly with water to remove impurities, and then soak it in 0.1-0.5mol/L hydrochloric acid solution for 10-24 hours, Then filter out the acid solution and wash with distilled water until neutral.

As an optimal technical solution, the slope of the composite vegetation area is 2-3%.

The planting matrix layer is formed by mixing the following components in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of organic matter, 40-50 parts of garden soil, and 15-20 parts of coarse sand.

The planting matrix layer also contains a water-retaining agent, and the dosage of the water-retaining agent is 30-50g/m ² .

Among them, the organic matter is northeast peat soil, the garden soil is greening planting soil, and the diameter of the garden soil particles is less than or equal to 2cm; the coarse sand is coarse-grained soil, and the maximum particle size of coarse-grained soil is less than 50mm, and the particle size of the coarse-grained soil is less than 40mm. Not less than 85%, the coarse sand is river sand or mountain sand; the water-retaining agent is highly absorbent sodium polyacrylate or polyacrylic acid.

In the system of the present invention, the composite vegetation area is the main functional layer of roof greening, which realizes various functions such as ecology and landscape of roof greening, and at the same time improves the visual effect of the building overlooking, wherein the planting matrix layer provides space for the growth of plants, and at the same time It can absorb part of the rainwater and provide water and nutrients for plants. Green plants are planted in the planting matrix layer, and rainwater is collected by the composite vegetation area. In the actual construction, the composite vegetation area must use cement mortar for slope finding, with a slope of 2-3%, to ensure that all rainwater is collected and no water accumulation occurs. The rainwater confluence area is connected to the water collection area through the roof water collection pipe. After the rainwater confluences in the rainwater confluence area, it enters the water collection area through the roof water collection pipe; the setting of the pedestrian area is mainly to maintain the normal function of the roof and provide traffic for roof equipment maintenance. Space; the collected rainwater is stored in the catchment area for residents' daily use.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following characteristics:

1) The aquifer and coarse filter layer in the composite vegetation area are made of volcanic rock. Due to the high porosity of the volcanic rock, it has good thermal insulation performance. On the one hand, the water storage layer is located at the root of the plant, which is conducive to maintaining the temperature of the plant root in winter and improving the survival rate of the roof greening plant;

2) Since the fine filter layer is set in the catchment area and combined with the coarse filter layer in the composite vegetation area, it can achieve double filtration and impurity removal of rainwater, further improve the purification effect of rainwater, and ensure that the purified rainwater can meet the needs of daily life. The basic requirements of miscellaneous water use, and then realize the collection, purification and reuse of rainwater;

3) The overall structure of the system is simple, the construction is convenient, and it takes into account the flood control and drainage of urban buildings and the purification and utilization of rainwater, which can effectively improve the survival rate of green vegetation on building roofs, and has obvious economic and environmental benefits.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the system of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the sectional structure schematic diagram of composite vegetation zone in the system of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of catchment area in the system of the present invention;

Instructions for marks in the figure:

1—compound vegetation area, 2—rainwater confluence area, 3—retaining wall, 4—pedestrian area, 5—water barrier, 6—drainage layer, 7—coarse filter layer, 8—water storage layer, 9—planting matrix layer , 10—vegetation layer, 11—water catchment area, 12—fine filter layer, 13—water inlet, 14—water outlet.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Example 1:

As shown in Figure 1, an urban rainwater resource utilization system based on volcanic rocks is set on the flat roof of the building. The system includes a composite vegetation area 1, which is surrounded and arranged in the composite vegetation area 1 from the inside to the outside. The surrounding rainwater confluence area 2, the retaining wall 3, the pedestrian area 4, and the water collection area 11 connected to the rainwater confluence area 2 through roof water collection pipes. As shown in Figure 2, the composite vegetation area 1 includes a water-resisting layer 5, a drainage layer 6, a coarse filter layer 7, an aquifer 8, a planting substrate layer 9, and a vegetation layer 10 arranged sequentially from bottom to top, and the drainage layer 6 passes through The roof drain pipe communicates with the catchment area 11.

Wherein, the aquifer 8 is formed by mixing the volcanic rock with a particle diameter of 3 mm and the volcanic rock with a particle diameter of 6 mm in a volume ratio of 3:2, and the thickness of the aquifer 8 is 100 mm; the coarse filter layer 7 is composed of a particle diameter of The 6mm volcanic rock and the 12mm particle size are mixed at a volume ratio of 2:1. The thickness of the coarse filter layer 7 is 50mm; the drainage layer 6 is paved with ceramsite with a particle size of 12mm. Ceramsite is spherical ceramsite. The waterproof layer 5 is a waterproof coiled material.

As shown in FIG. 3 , a fine filter layer 12 is provided in the catchment area 11 , and the fine filter layer 12 is paved with acid-treated volcanic rocks with a particle size of 3 mm. Wherein, the water collection area 11 is further provided with a water inlet 13 connected with the drainage layer 6 and a water outlet 14 connected with a water pipe for domestic miscellaneous water.

The treatment conditions for acid-treated volcanic rocks are: select volcanic rocks with a particle size of 3mm, wash them repeatedly with water to remove impurities, then soak them in 0.2mol/L hydrochloric acid solution for 24 hours, then filter out the acid solution, and wash with distilled water to neutral.

The planting matrix layer 9 is formed by mixing the following components and their contents in parts by weight: 30 parts of organic matter, 50 parts of garden soil, and 20 parts of coarse sand. The planting matrix layer 9 also contains a water-retaining agent, and the dosage of the water-retaining agent is 50g/m ² . Among them, the organic matter is northeast peat soil, the garden soil is greening planting soil, and the diameter of the garden soil particles is less than or equal to 2cm; the coarse sand is coarse-grained soil, and the maximum particle size of coarse-grained soil is less than 50mm, and the particle size of the coarse-grained soil is less than 40mm. Not less than 85%, the coarse sand is river sand; the water-retaining agent is sodium polyacrylate with high water absorption.

When rainfall occurs, after the rainwater is initially absorbed by the planting matrix layer 9 in the composite vegetation area 1, it infiltrates into the aquifer 8, and the rainwater is fully absorbed by the volcanic rocks. Filled up, excess rainwater reaches the coarse filter layer 7 through the aquifer 8 . In the coarse filter layer 7, the insoluble impurities in the rainwater are removed by relying on the pores in the volcanic rock, and the small particles in the rainwater are effectively filtered out. At this time, the content of insoluble impurities in the water quality is significantly reduced, which meets the basic requirements of domestic miscellaneous water. Require. After the rainwater passes through the coarse filter layer 7 , the rainwater that cannot be retained by the aquifer 8 in the drainage layer 6 flows into the roof drainage system, and collects in the water collection area 11 through the roof drain pipe. The rainwater initially filtered in the catchment area 11 is further purified by the acid-treated volcanic rock, and most impurities in the water are absorbed by it. The purified rainwater is stored in the catchment area 11 as domestic miscellaneous water for residents.

After the rainfall stops, the rainwater absorbed in the planting matrix layer 9 is utilized by the plants in the vegetation layer 10 to supply the normal life activities of the plants. After the planting matrix layer 9 is nearly dry, the rainwater absorbed by the volcanic rocks in the aquifer 8 receives sunlight and enters the planting matrix layer 9, replenishing the moisture in the planting matrix layer 9, and providing sufficient moisture and moisture for the growth of plants. Suitable soil environment. At the same time, due to the high porosity of volcanic rock and good thermal insulation performance, on the one hand, it plays a role of heat insulation on the roof, which is conducive to energy saving and environmental protection of the building. The temperature of the roots improves the survival rate of green roof plants.

Example 2:

In the present embodiment, the aquifer 8 is formed by mixing the volcanic rock with a particle diameter of 6 mm and the volcanic rock with a particle diameter of 12 mm in a volume ratio of 5:2, and the thickness of the aquifer 8 is 120 mm; the coarse filter layer 7 is composed of The volcanic rock with a particle size of 6mm and the volcanic rock with a particle size of 12mm are mixed at a volume ratio of 3:1. The thickness of the coarse filter layer 7 is 60mm; the drainage layer 6 is paved with ceramsite with a particle size of 20mm.

The fine filter layer 12 in the catchment area 11 is made of acid-treated volcanic rock with a particle size of 6 mm. Among them, the treatment conditions of the acid-treated volcanic rocks are: select volcanic rocks with a particle size of 6mm, wash them repeatedly with water to remove impurities, then soak them in 0.1mol/L hydrochloric acid solution for 24 hours, then filter out the acid solution, and use Wash with distilled water until neutral.

The planting matrix layer 9 is formed by mixing the following components and their parts by weight: 20 parts of organic matter, 40 parts of garden soil, and 15 parts of coarse sand. The planting matrix layer 9 also contains a water-retaining agent, and the dosage of the water-retaining agent is 30g/m ² . Among them, the organic matter is northeast peat soil, the garden soil is greening planting soil, and the diameter of the garden soil particles is less than or equal to 2cm; the coarse sand is coarse-grained soil, and the maximum particle size of coarse-grained soil is less than 50mm, and the particle size of the coarse-grained soil is less than 40mm. Not less than 85%, the coarse sand is made of mountain sand; the water-retaining agent is polyacrylic acid.

All the other are with embodiment 1.

Example 3:

In the present embodiment, the aquifer 8 is formed by mixing the volcanic rock with a particle diameter of 5 mm and the volcanic rock with a particle diameter of 8 mm in a volume ratio of 4:2, and the thickness of the aquifer 8 is 80 mm; the coarse filter layer 7 is composed of The volcanic rock with a particle size of 4mm and the volcanic rock with a particle size of 10mm are mixed at a volume ratio of 2:1. The thickness of the coarse filter layer 7 is 40mm; the drainage layer 6 is paved with ceramsite with a particle size of 15mm. Ceramsite is gravel-shaped ceramsite.

The fine filter layer 12 in the catchment area 11 is paved with acid-treated volcanic rock with a particle size of 4 mm. Wherein, the treatment condition of acid-treated volcanic rock is as follows: select volcanic rock with a particle size of 4 mm, wash it repeatedly with water to remove impurities, then soak it in 0.5mol/L hydrochloric acid solution for 10 hours, then filter out the acid solution, and use Wash with distilled water until neutral.

The planting matrix layer 9 is formed by mixing the following components and their contents in parts by weight: 24 parts of organic matter, 48 parts of garden soil, and 18 parts of coarse sand. The planting matrix layer also contains a water-retaining agent, and the dosage of the water-retaining agent is 42g/m ² .

Among them, the organic matter is northeast peat soil, the garden soil is greening planting soil, and the diameter of the garden soil particles is less than or equal to 2cm; the coarse sand is coarse-grained soil, and the maximum particle size of coarse-grained soil is less than 50mm, and the particle size of the coarse-grained soil is less than 40mm. Not less than 85%, the coarse sand is river sand; the water retaining agent is polyacrylic acid.

All the other are with embodiment 1.

The above descriptions of the embodiments are for those of ordinary skill in the art to understand and use the invention. It is obvious that those skilled in the art can easily make various modifications to these embodiments, and apply the general principles described here to other embodiments without creative effort. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. Improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art according to the disclosure of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. An urban rainwater resource utilization system based on volcanic stones, the system is arranged on the flat roof of the building, and it is characterized in that the system includes a composite vegetation area (1), which is successively set around from the inside to the outside In the rainwater confluence area (2), the retaining wall (3) and the pedestrian area (4) around the composite vegetation area (1), and the water collection area (11) connected to the rainwater confluence area (2) through the roof water collection pipe, the The composite vegetation area (1) described above comprises a water-repelling layer (5), a drainage layer (6), a coarse filter layer (7), an aquifer (8), a planting matrix layer (9) and The vegetation layer (10), the drainage layer (6) communicates with the catchment area (11) through the roof drainage pipe; A fine filter layer (12) is provided in the water catchment area (11), and the fine filter layer (12) is formed by paving acid-treated volcanic rocks with a particle diameter of 3-6 mm; The slope of the composite vegetation area is 2-3%; The aquifer (8) is formed by mixing volcanic rocks with a particle size of 3-6mm and volcanic rocks with a particle size of 6-12mm in a volume ratio of 3-5:2; The coarse filter layer (7) is formed by mixing volcanic rocks with a particle size of 3-6 mm and volcanic rocks with a particle size of 6-12 mm in a volume ratio of 2-3:1. 2. A kind of urban rainwater recycling system based on volcanic rock according to claim 1, characterized in that, the thickness of the aquifer (8) is 80-120mm. 3. A kind of urban rainwater recycling system based on volcanic rock according to claim 1, characterized in that, the thickness of the coarse filter layer (7) is 40-60mm. 4. A kind of urban rainwater recycling system based on volcanic rock according to claim 1, characterized in that, said drainage layer (6) is formed by laying ceramsite with a particle diameter of 12-20mm. 5 . A system for recycling urban rainwater resources based on volcanic rocks according to claim 4 , wherein the ceramsite is one of gravel-shaped ceramsite or spherical ceramsite. 6 . 6. A kind of urban rainwater recycling system based on volcanic rock according to claim 1, characterized in that, the water-repelling layer (5) is a waterproof coiled material. 7. a kind of urban rainwater recycling system based on volcanic stone according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the processing condition of described acid-treated volcanic stone is: choose the volcanic stone that particle diameter is 3-6mm, Repeatedly wash with water to remove impurities, then soak in 0.1-0.5mol/L hydrochloric acid solution for 10-24 hours, then filter out the acid solution, and wash with distilled water until neutral.