CN105749021A - 用于治疗慢性肾小球肾炎血尿的中药制剂 - Google Patents
用于治疗慢性肾小球肾炎血尿的中药制剂 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105749021A CN105749021A CN201610284797.1A CN201610284797A CN105749021A CN 105749021 A CN105749021 A CN 105749021A CN 201610284797 A CN201610284797 A CN 201610284797A CN 105749021 A CN105749021 A CN 105749021A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- radix
- chinese medicine
- herba
- medicine preparation
- blood
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 125
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 206010018367 Glomerulonephritis chronic Diseases 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 208000006750 hematuria Diseases 0.000 claims description 65
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 claims description 38
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000006187 pill Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 235000012907 honey Nutrition 0.000 claims description 30
- 108010052008 colla corii asini Proteins 0.000 claims description 20
- 241000180649 Panax notoginseng Species 0.000 claims description 19
- 235000003143 Panax notoginseng Nutrition 0.000 claims description 19
- 210000000582 semen Anatomy 0.000 claims description 19
- 241000628997 Flos Species 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000009636 Huang Qi Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 235000012222 talc Nutrition 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000006071 cream Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000015001 Cucumis melo var inodorus Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 240000002495 Cucumis melo var. inodorus Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002552 dosage form Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008298 dragée Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002662 enteric coated tablet Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007941 film coated tablet Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007902 hard capsule Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007901 soft capsule Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 sublimed preparation Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007940 sugar coated tablet Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 57
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 45
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 235000008216 herbs Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000382455 Angelica sinensis Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 244000035851 Chrysanthemum leucanthemum Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000008495 Chrysanthemum leucanthemum Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000123865 Gynura bicolor Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 240000003915 Lophatherum gracile Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 240000005001 Paeonia suffruticosa Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000003889 Paeonia suffruticosa Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 244000131316 Panax pseudoginseng Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000003181 Panax pseudoginseng Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 244000299790 Rheum rhabarbarum Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000009411 Rheum rhabarbarum Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 240000006079 Schisandra chinensis Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 244000290970 Tetrapanax papyrifer Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 240000001417 Vigna umbellata Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000011453 Vigna umbellata Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012332 laboratory investigation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 83
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 83
- 210000003734 kidney Anatomy 0.000 description 39
- 210000002700 urine Anatomy 0.000 description 34
- 210000004185 liver Anatomy 0.000 description 25
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 23
- 210000003743 erythrocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 21
- 210000004072 lung Anatomy 0.000 description 21
- 208000011580 syndromic disease Diseases 0.000 description 20
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 description 17
- 210000002216 heart Anatomy 0.000 description 17
- 210000000952 spleen Anatomy 0.000 description 17
- 241000699670 Mus sp. Species 0.000 description 16
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 16
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 14
- 208000002193 Pain Diseases 0.000 description 13
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 description 13
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 13
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 210000003584 mesangial cell Anatomy 0.000 description 12
- 230000001717 pathogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 12
- 230000023597 hemostasis Effects 0.000 description 11
- 230000036407 pain Effects 0.000 description 11
- 230000017531 blood circulation Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 10
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 10
- 239000003440 toxic substance Substances 0.000 description 10
- 206010007247 Carbuncle Diseases 0.000 description 9
- 206010011224 Cough Diseases 0.000 description 9
- 208000032843 Hemorrhage Diseases 0.000 description 9
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 9
- 208000035861 hematochezia Diseases 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 210000002784 stomach Anatomy 0.000 description 9
- MZOFCQQQCNRIBI-VMXHOPILSA-N (3s)-4-[[(2s)-1-[[(2s)-1-[[(1s)-1-carboxy-2-hydroxyethyl]amino]-4-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-5-(diaminomethylideneamino)-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-3-[[2-[[(2s)-2,6-diaminohexanoyl]amino]acetyl]amino]-4-oxobutanoic acid Chemical compound OC[C@@H](C(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCN=C(N)N)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCCCN MZOFCQQQCNRIBI-VMXHOPILSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 206010012735 Diarrhoea Diseases 0.000 description 8
- 102000004889 Interleukin-6 Human genes 0.000 description 8
- 108090001005 Interleukin-6 Proteins 0.000 description 8
- 208000004880 Polyuria Diseases 0.000 description 8
- 241000700159 Rattus Species 0.000 description 8
- 108060008682 Tumor Necrosis Factor Proteins 0.000 description 8
- 102000000852 Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha Human genes 0.000 description 8
- 230000035619 diuresis Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000003304 gavage Methods 0.000 description 8
- 206010020880 Hypertrophy Diseases 0.000 description 7
- 206010030113 Oedema Diseases 0.000 description 7
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 7
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 7
- 230000035922 thirst Effects 0.000 description 7
- 241000699666 Mus <mouse, genus> Species 0.000 description 6
- 208000007271 Substance Withdrawal Syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 6
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 208000034158 bleeding Diseases 0.000 description 6
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 210000001736 capillary Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 208000001848 dysentery Diseases 0.000 description 6
- 208000001780 epistaxis Diseases 0.000 description 6
- 208000017169 kidney disease Diseases 0.000 description 6
- 231100000915 pathological change Toxicity 0.000 description 6
- 230000036285 pathological change Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000007619 statistical method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008736 traumatic injury Effects 0.000 description 6
- 210000003932 urinary bladder Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 208000032170 Congenital Abnormalities Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 208000000059 Dyspnea Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 206010013975 Dyspnoeas Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 208000015220 Febrile disease Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 208000034507 Haematemesis Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 208000000616 Hemoptysis Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 206010027514 Metrorrhagia Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 231100000215 acute (single dose) toxicity testing Toxicity 0.000 description 5
- 238000011047 acute toxicity test Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004820 blood count Methods 0.000 description 5
- 206010016256 fatigue Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 5
- 231100001252 long-term toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 5
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000001047 pyretic effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 210000005084 renal tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 5
- 210000001835 viscera Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 108091003079 Bovine Serum Albumin Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 206010010774 Constipation Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 206010013935 Dysmenorrhoea Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 208000022461 Glomerular disease Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 206010062717 Increased upper airway secretion Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 206010033557 Palpitations Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 206010037660 Pyrexia Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 210000001015 abdomen Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000002567 autonomic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 210000001124 body fluid Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 239000010839 body fluid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000036760 body temperature Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229940098773 bovine serum albumin Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 208000002173 dizziness Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 238000007877 drug screening Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000002338 glycosides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000003907 kidney function Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003340 mental effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 208000026435 phlegm Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 230000000384 rearing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002560 therapeutic procedure Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 4
- 239000003053 toxin Substances 0.000 description 4
- 208000004998 Abdominal Pain Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 206010000087 Abdominal pain upper Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 201000000736 Amenorrhea Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 206010001928 Amenorrhoea Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 241000721047 Danaus plexippus Species 0.000 description 3
- 201000004624 Dermatitis Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 208000005171 Dysmenorrhea Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 201000000297 Erysipelas Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 102000008946 Fibrinogen Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108010049003 Fibrinogen Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 206010017553 Furuncle Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 206010018364 Glomerulonephritis Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 206010020772 Hypertension Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 206010023126 Jaundice Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 238000012449 Kunming mouse Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 3
- 208000013738 Sleep Initiation and Maintenance disease Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 241000191967 Staphylococcus aureus Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000194017 Streptococcus Species 0.000 description 3
- 206010053476 Traumatic haemorrhage Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 241000545405 Tripterygium Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 description 3
- 206010047700 Vomiting Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 210000000683 abdominal cavity Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 231100000540 amenorrhea Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 208000002399 aphthous stomatitis Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 208000010668 atopic eczema Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 230000036772 blood pressure Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000035568 catharsis Effects 0.000 description 3
- RNFNDJAIBTYOQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloral hydrate Chemical compound OC(O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl RNFNDJAIBTYOQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229960002327 chloral hydrate Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 208000019902 chronic diarrheal disease Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 230000002354 daily effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 3
- 206010061428 decreased appetite Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 230000006735 deficit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 206010013990 dysuria Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229940012952 fibrinogen Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 3
- 208000022182 gross hematuria Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 3
- 208000013403 hyperactivity Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 206010022437 insomnia Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 210000004165 myocardium Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 244000052769 pathogen Species 0.000 description 3
- 210000003800 pharynx Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 230000028327 secretion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009967 tasteless effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 230000008673 vomiting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000005541 ACE inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 206010002091 Anaesthesia Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 101710129690 Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 208000006820 Arthralgia Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 101710086378 Bradykinin-potentiating and C-type natriuretic peptides Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 206010051625 Conjunctival hyperaemia Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 241000186216 Corynebacterium Species 0.000 description 2
- CMSMOCZEIVJLDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclophosphamide Chemical compound ClCCN(CCCl)P1(=O)NCCCO1 CMSMOCZEIVJLDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010011732 Cyst Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 206010015287 Erythropenia Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 206010018612 Gonorrhoea Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 206010019233 Headaches Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 206010069440 Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 208000005777 Lupus Nephritis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000019255 Menstrual disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 241000283973 Oryctolagus cuniculus Species 0.000 description 2
- 240000005373 Panax quinquefolius Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000003140 Panax quinquefolius Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000589517 Pseudomonas aeruginosa Species 0.000 description 2
- 206010038423 Renal cyst Diseases 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 208000033809 Suppuration Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 206010053615 Thermal burn Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 206010043458 Thirst Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000025865 Ulcer Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000019790 abdominal distention Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000003187 abdominal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037005 anaesthesia Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000007502 anemia Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 229940044094 angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000010171 animal model Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000036528 appetite Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000019789 appetite Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 206010003549 asthenia Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 210000002469 basement membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002308 calcification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007705 chemical test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000013116 chronic cough Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000027288 circadian rhythm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011443 conventional therapy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229960004397 cyclophosphamide Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 208000031513 cyst Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000034994 death Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007850 degeneration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 206010013023 diphtheria Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002934 diuretic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001882 diuretic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000000585 glomerular basement membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 210000002601 glomerular mesangium Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 229930182470 glycoside Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 231100000869 headache Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 239000005556 hormone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000003026 hypopharynx Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000036039 immunity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229960003444 immunosuppressant agent Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000001861 immunosuppressant effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003018 immunosuppressive agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001976 improved effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000003292 kidney cell Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000003908 liver function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002932 luster Substances 0.000 description 2
- 201000007227 lymph node tuberculosis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005906 menstruation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000027939 micturition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003387 muscular Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002107 myocardial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000017074 necrotic cell death Effects 0.000 description 2
- 201000008383 nephritis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000008506 pathogenesis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007170 pathology Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035935 pregnancy Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035755 proliferation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000013220 shortness of breath Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035900 sweating Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003826 tablet Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000019206 urinary tract infection Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 206010063409 Acarodermatitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000001889 Acid-Base Imbalance Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010061623 Adverse drug reaction Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010001580 Albuminuria Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 201000004384 Alopecia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037157 Azotemia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000008035 Back Pain Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000222122 Candida albicans Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010007191 Capillary fragility Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000017667 Chronic Disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010053567 Coagulopathies Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241001478240 Coccus Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000002881 Colic Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010010071 Coma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102000016918 Complement C3 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010028780 Complement C3 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 206010010356 Congenital anomaly Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000026372 Congenital cystic kidney disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010010741 Conjunctivitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- PMATZTZNYRCHOR-CGLBZJNRSA-N Cyclosporin A Chemical compound CC[C@@H]1NC(=O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@H](C)C\C=C\C)N(C)C(=O)[C@H](C(C)C)N(C)C(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)N(C)C(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)N(C)C(=O)[C@@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)N(C)C(=O)[C@H](C(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)N(C)C(=O)CN(C)C1=O PMATZTZNYRCHOR-CGLBZJNRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930105110 Cyclosporin A Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 241001269238 Data Species 0.000 description 1
- 101000783577 Dendroaspis angusticeps Thrombostatin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000783578 Dendroaspis jamesoni kaimosae Dendroaspin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000015781 Dietary Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010010256 Dietary Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229940116382 Diuretic inhibitor Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 208000030453 Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse reaction Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010013954 Dysphoria Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000008967 Enuresis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000588724 Escherichia coli Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010018366 Glomerulonephritis acute Diseases 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000001554 Hemoglobins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010054147 Hemoglobins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 206010019668 Hepatic fibrosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010020590 Hypercalciuria Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010020751 Hypersensitivity Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010021118 Hypotonia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010021137 Hypovolaemia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000031308 Idiopathic hypercalciuria Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000010159 IgA glomerulonephritis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010021263 IgA nephropathy Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000008930 Low Back Pain Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010027525 Microalbuminuria Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241001448624 Miliaria Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001529936 Murinae Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000007101 Muscle Cramp Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 240000001307 Myosotis scorpioides Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010030302 Oliguria Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000208343 Panax Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010034240 Pelvic congestion Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010036790 Productive cough Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000001431 Psychomotor Agitation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000028017 Psychotic disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000700157 Rattus norvegicus Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010067171 Regurgitation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010057190 Respiratory tract infections Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010038743 Restlessness Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000447727 Scabies Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000607768 Shigella Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010040943 Skin Ulcer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010042170 Strangury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000193990 Streptococcus sp. 'group B' Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010042674 Swelling Diseases 0.000 description 1
- QJJXYPPXXYFBGM-LFZNUXCKSA-N Tacrolimus Chemical compound C1C[C@@H](O)[C@H](OC)C[C@@H]1\C=C(/C)[C@@H]1[C@H](C)[C@@H](O)CC(=O)[C@H](CC=C)/C=C(C)/C[C@H](C)C[C@H](OC)[C@H]([C@H](C[C@H]2C)OC)O[C@@]2(O)C(=O)C(=O)N2CCCC[C@H]2C(=O)O1 QJJXYPPXXYFBGM-LFZNUXCKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000003217 Tetany Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010043561 Thrombocytopenic purpura Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000830536 Tripterygium wilfordii Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010046306 Upper respiratory tract infection Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000009911 Urinary Calculi Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000009257 Visceral Prolapse Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010063840 Visceroptosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000219094 Vitaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010047601 Vitamin B1 deficiency Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000003085 Water-Electrolyte Imbalance Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010051373 Wound haemorrhage Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010000269 abscess Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000004484 acute conjunctivitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 231100000851 acute glomerulonephritis Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000037006 agalactosis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000026935 allergic disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000007815 allergy Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000360 alopecia Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000002333 angiotensin II receptor antagonist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940126317 angiotensin II receptor antagonist Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 208000022531 anorexia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000005557 antagonist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001142 anti-diarrhea Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003110 anti-inflammatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010100 anticoagulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000427 antigen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102000036639 antigens Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108091007433 antigens Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229940127218 antiplatelet drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003907 antipyretic analgesic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- BBFQZRXNYIEMAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N aristolochic acid I Chemical compound C1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C2=C(C(O)=O)C=C3OCOC3=C2C2=C1C(OC)=CC=C2 BBFQZRXNYIEMAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000006673 asthma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000002894 beriberi Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000003115 biocidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000001185 bone marrow Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000004556 brain Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001914 calming effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940095731 candida albicans Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000004856 capillary permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940126678 chinese medicines Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000001684 chronic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035602 clotting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002872 contrast media Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021245 dietary protein Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000035475 disorder Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035622 drinking Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940000406 drug candidate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000002651 drug therapy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000017574 dry cough Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010013781 dry mouth Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007717 exclusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000029142 excretion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003172 expectorant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003419 expectorant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003777 experimental drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000744 eyelid Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000004438 eyesight Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000556 factor analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000024756 faint Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000017561 flaccidity Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 201000005206 focal segmental glomerulosclerosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000000232 gallbladder Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000005086 glomerual capillary Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 231100000852 glomerular disease Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000001786 gonorrhea Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000021021 grapes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000003128 head Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000001624 hip Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 208000008025 hordeolum Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229940088597 hormone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940125698 hormone suppressant Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000003642 hunger Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 206010020718 hyperplasia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000010191 image analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002519 immonomodulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036737 immune function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011532 immunohistochemical staining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001727 in vivo Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010022000 influenza Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000000968 intestinal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000936 intestine Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000009545 invasion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002147 killing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003127 knee Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000002429 large intestine Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002414 leg Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000003902 lesion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000265 leukocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003141 lower extremity Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 201000003453 lung abscess Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000004396 mastitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000004914 menses Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 201000008265 mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- HPNSFSBZBAHARI-UHFFFAOYSA-N micophenolic acid Natural products OC1=C(CC=C(C)CCC(O)=O)C(OC)=C(C)C2=C1C(=O)OC2 HPNSFSBZBAHARI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004660 morphological change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229940014456 mycophenolate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- HPNSFSBZBAHARI-RUDMXATFSA-N mycophenolic acid Chemical compound OC1=C(C\C=C(/C)CCC(O)=O)C(OC)=C(C)C2=C1C(=O)OC2 HPNSFSBZBAHARI-RUDMXATFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000003928 nasal cavity Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000005036 nerve Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000036565 night sweats Effects 0.000 description 1
- 206010029410 night sweats Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 231100000957 no side effect Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000013546 non-drug therapy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007427 paired t-test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000045947 parasite Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001575 pathological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003516 pericardium Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000002504 physiological saline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000106 platelet aggregation inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000030761 polycystic kidney disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium benzoate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 206010036596 premature ejaculation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229940126532 prescription medicine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000037452 priming Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000002685 pulmonary effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003087 receptor blocking agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000306 recurrent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007634 remodeling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001084 renoprotective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000005687 scabies Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000013077 scoring method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035807 sensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019615 sensations Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000009590 shenyan kangfu Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 206010040872 skin infection Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 231100000019 skin ulcer Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000003307 slaughter Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000813 small intestine Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003393 splenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003802 sputum Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 208000024794 sputum Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000010186 staining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004936 stimulating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010254 subcutaneous injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007929 subcutaneous injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 206010042772 syncope Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229960001967 tacrolimus Drugs 0.000 description 1
- QJJXYPPXXYFBGM-SHYZHZOCSA-N tacrolimus Natural products CO[C@H]1C[C@H](CC[C@@H]1O)C=C(C)[C@H]2OC(=O)[C@H]3CCCCN3C(=O)C(=O)[C@@]4(O)O[C@@H]([C@H](C[C@H]4C)OC)[C@@H](C[C@H](C)CC(=C[C@@H](CC=C)C(=O)C[C@H](O)[C@H]2C)C)OC QJJXYPPXXYFBGM-SHYZHZOCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010043554 thrombocytopenia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000015398 thunder god vine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001256 tonic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 231100000167 toxic agent Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000765 toxin Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 231100000397 ulcer Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 241000712461 unidentified influenza virus Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000009852 uremia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000002562 urinalysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004291 uterus Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004916 vomit Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003442 weekly effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002087 whitening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/80—Scrophulariaceae (Figwort family)
- A61K36/804—Rehmannia
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K33/00—Medicinal preparations containing inorganic active ingredients
- A61K33/06—Aluminium, calcium or magnesium; Compounds thereof, e.g. clay
- A61K33/12—Magnesium silicate
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K35/00—Medicinal preparations containing materials or reaction products thereof with undetermined constitution
- A61K35/12—Materials from mammals; Compositions comprising non-specified tissues or cells; Compositions comprising non-embryonic stem cells; Genetically modified cells
- A61K35/36—Skin; Hair; Nails; Sebaceous glands; Cerumen; Epidermis; Epithelial cells; Keratinocytes; Langerhans cells; Ectodermal cells
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/13—Coniferophyta (gymnosperms)
- A61K36/14—Cupressaceae (Cypress family), e.g. juniper or cypress
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/23—Apiaceae or Umbelliferae (Carrot family), e.g. dill, chervil, coriander or cumin
- A61K36/232—Angelica
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/25—Araliaceae (Ginseng family), e.g. ivy, aralia, schefflera or tetrapanax
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/25—Araliaceae (Ginseng family), e.g. ivy, aralia, schefflera or tetrapanax
- A61K36/258—Panax (ginseng)
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/28—Asteraceae or Compositae (Aster or Sunflower family), e.g. chamomile, feverfew, yarrow or echinacea
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/28—Asteraceae or Compositae (Aster or Sunflower family), e.g. chamomile, feverfew, yarrow or echinacea
- A61K36/287—Chrysanthemum, e.g. daisy
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/36—Caryophyllaceae (Pink family), e.g. babysbreath or soapwort
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/48—Fabaceae or Leguminosae (Pea or Legume family); Caesalpiniaceae; Mimosaceae; Papilionaceae
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/48—Fabaceae or Leguminosae (Pea or Legume family); Caesalpiniaceae; Mimosaceae; Papilionaceae
- A61K36/481—Astragalus (milkvetch)
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/57—Magnoliaceae (Magnolia family)
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/62—Nymphaeaceae (Water-lily family)
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/63—Oleaceae (Olive family), e.g. jasmine, lilac or ash tree
- A61K36/634—Forsythia
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/70—Polygonaceae (Buckwheat family), e.g. spineflower or dock
- A61K36/708—Rheum (rhubarb)
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/71—Ranunculaceae (Buttercup family), e.g. larkspur, hepatica, hydrastis, columbine or goldenseal
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/73—Rosaceae (Rose family), e.g. strawberry, chokeberry, blackberry, pear or firethorn
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/75—Rutaceae (Rue family)
- A61K36/754—Evodia
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/79—Schisandraceae (Schisandra family)
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/86—Violaceae (Violet family)
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/88—Liliopsida (monocotyledons)
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/88—Liliopsida (monocotyledons)
- A61K36/884—Alismataceae (Water-plantain family)
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/88—Liliopsida (monocotyledons)
- A61K36/894—Dioscoreaceae (Yam family)
- A61K36/8945—Dioscorea, e.g. yam, Chinese yam or water yam
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/88—Liliopsida (monocotyledons)
- A61K36/896—Liliaceae (Lily family), e.g. daylily, plantain lily, Hyacinth or narcissus
- A61K36/8968—Ophiopogon (Lilyturf)
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/88—Liliopsida (monocotyledons)
- A61K36/899—Poaceae or Gramineae (Grass family), e.g. bamboo, corn or sugar cane
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/20—Pills, tablets, discs, rods
- A61K9/2004—Excipients; Inactive ingredients
- A61K9/2068—Compounds of unknown constitution, e.g. material from plants or animals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
- A61K2236/30—Extraction of the material
- A61K2236/33—Extraction of the material involving extraction with hydrophilic solvents, e.g. lower alcohols, esters or ketones
- A61K2236/331—Extraction of the material involving extraction with hydrophilic solvents, e.g. lower alcohols, esters or ketones using water, e.g. cold water, infusion, tea, steam distillation or decoction
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
- A61K2236/30—Extraction of the material
- A61K2236/39—Complex extraction schemes, e.g. fractionation or repeated extraction steps
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
- A61K2236/50—Methods involving additional extraction steps
- A61K2236/51—Concentration or drying of the extract, e.g. Lyophilisation, freeze-drying or spray-drying
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
- A61K2236/50—Methods involving additional extraction steps
- A61K2236/53—Liquid-solid separation, e.g. centrifugation, sedimentation or crystallization
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Alternative & Traditional Medicine (AREA)
- Cell Biology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Dermatology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Virology (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供了一种用于治疗慢性肾小球肾炎血尿的中药制剂,其原料药包括生地黄、炒山药、当归、阿胶、麦门冬、五味子、吴茱萸、生黄芪、太子参、野菊花、紫背天葵、紫花地丁、牡丹皮、连翘、赤小豆、小蓟、藕节、侧柏叶、蒲黄、泽泻、滑石、通草、淡竹叶、三七、酒大黄、仙鹤草。本发明中药制剂是在临床中大量治疗慢性肾小球肾炎血尿中积累了丰富经验,通过药物筛选及药量精简,并经过临床研究及实验室研究发现,其良好的作用,适用于临床推广治疗慢性肾小球肾炎血尿,为患者带来了福音。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及中医药技术领域,尤其涉及一种用于治疗慢性肾小球肾炎血尿的中药制剂。
背景技术
肾小球肾炎血尿是指血尿来源于肾小球,临床上表现为单纯性血尿,或血尿伴蛋白尿,多见于原发性肾小球疾病,如IgA肾病、系膜增殖性肾炎、局灶性肾小球硬化症,肾囊肿,多囊肾,也可见于继发性肾小球疾病如紫癜性肾炎、狼疮性肾炎。如果治疗不彻底,反复发作或失治误治,病情不能得到切实有效的控制,最终导致尿毒症。肾性血尿的发病机理目前医学界认为与免疫有关,即抗原抗体复合物沉积于肾小球基底膜和系膜区,破坏肾小球基底膜的滤过屏障,同时引起系膜细胞和系膜基质增生,引起肾性血尿。
肾小球肾炎血尿的症状主要有:
1、血尿:血尿有肉眼血尿和镜下血尿之分。肉眼血尿即为肉眼可看见的血尿,尿色呈洗肉水样,混浊且呈红色,有的患儿尿液中夹有血丝或者血块;而镜下血尿则只有在显微镜下观测才可以发现,每高倍视野下红细胞数大于1个。血尿是大部分慢性肾炎患者最常见的症状。当然,引起血尿的原因很多,肾炎只是其中之一。根据医生的建议做相关检察,必要时需做尿陈规检察以排除肾性血尿的可能。当尿红细胞大于8X106/L,而畸形红细胞超过30%时,则为肾小球性血尿。所以尿液中红细胞的形态可以有效鉴别是不是肾小球性血尿,但是要注意的是,尿液中红细胞的形态也和尿液的酸碱度、渗透量有关,所以一定要仔细鉴别,以免误诊。一般非肾小球性血尿仅小部分红细胞为畸形,而肾小球疾病所致的血尿75%以上的红细胞大小、形态各异。
2、尿中泡沫增多:尿中泡沫增多,以较小的泡沫为主,并且相互联在一起,久久不能散去,提醒尿中有蛋白,张力较高所致。当然,这一症状正确性差。如果不具有一定的医学常识,往往会忽视。最简单的办法是到医院查尿液,以排除蛋白尿的可能。由于慢性肾炎最早期的改变是尿液。
3、眼睑浮肿:慢性肾炎早期症状产生眼睑浮肿的主要原因是:肾脏对水的排泄和调剂功能受到损坏,使患儿体内的水和钠增多,过多的水积在体内疏松组织里,而眼睑是疏松组织较多的部位。眼睑浮肿的特点早晨起床时明显,活动后减退。
该病的基本原则为针对病理类型和病因治疗,防止和延缓肾脏病进展,改善临床症状,防治并发症。
具体治疗方案为:
(1)非药物治疗:在医生指导下,适当休息运动,调整饮食蛋白质、钠盐和钾盐等摄入量,注意监测血压、体重和尿量等。
(2)药物治疗:常用如激素和免疫抑制剂(如环磷酰胺、霉酚酸酯、他克莫司、环孢素A、中药雷公藤多甙),其他包括控制血压药物、利尿剂及抗血小板聚集药、抗凝药、降脂药、虫草制剂等保肾排毒药。上述药物宜在医生指导下使用,并根据化验指标变化动态调整尽量避免或减少可能出现的药物副作用。
(3)避免加重肾损害的因素:感染、低血容量(休克)、脱水(呕吐或腹泻、高热)、劳累、水电解质和酸碱平衡失调、妊娠及用可能导致肾损害药物(如解热镇痛药、造影剂、含马兜铃酸中药、某些抗生素等),均可能加重肾脏病变,应尽量避免或在医生指导下使用。
针对慢性肾小球肾炎血尿的治疗,目前尚没有针对性的治疗方法,仅仅是对于慢性肾小球肾炎进行规范治疗,从而缓解血尿症状,而中医对于血尿自古就有认识,将其归结为“溺血”、“溲血”、“小便出血”等,病机有热迫膀胱、火毒迫血、心火内盛、阴虚火旺、劳伤气阴、脾肾不固、气滞血瘀、跌打损伤等,但是,综合分析其临床特点发现,急性肾小球肾炎血尿多为热迫膀胱、火毒迫血等证型,而慢性肾小球肾炎血尿多为久病伤血入络,阴虚火旺、气阴两虚等证型,而气滞血瘀、跌打损伤证型多为外伤后导致,临床并不作为重要证型,急性期如果给与规范治疗,施以中药治疗,服用清热凉血、淡渗利湿药物往往可以速效,因其急性发作,病位局限,病因单纯,治疗也相对简单,而慢性肾小球肾炎血尿多迁延日久,久治不愈,导致肾脏病变,证型变化而导致虚实夹杂,治疗起来也相对困难,本发明中药制剂就是在临床中大量治疗慢性肾小球肾炎血尿中积累了丰富经验,通过药物筛选及药量精简,并经过临床研究及实验室研究发现,其良好的作用,适用于临床推广治疗慢性肾小球肾炎血尿,为患者带来了福音。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种用于治疗慢性肾小球肾炎血尿的中药制剂,具有益气养阴、通络活血、清热解毒、健脾益肾的功效,通过药物筛选及药量精简,并经过临床研究及实验室研究发现,其良好的作用,适用于临床推广治疗慢性肾小球肾炎血尿。
基于此,本发明提供了一种用于治疗慢性肾小球肾炎血尿的中药制剂,其原料药包括生地黄、炒山药、当归、阿胶、麦门冬、五味子、吴茱萸、生黄芪、太子参、野菊花、紫背天葵、紫花地丁、牡丹皮、连翘、赤小豆、小蓟、藕节、侧柏叶、蒲黄、泽泻、滑石、通草、淡竹叶、三七、酒大黄和仙鹤草。
其中,所述中药制剂中各原料药的重量分别为生地黄25g~35g、炒山药25g~35g、麦门冬25g~35g、五味子10g~15g、吴茱萸6g~10g、生黄芪25g~30g、太子参15g~20g、野菊花10g~15g、紫背天葵10g~15g、紫花地丁10g~15g、牡丹皮10g~20g、连翘10g~20g、赤小豆15g~20g、小蓟10g~15g、藕节10g~15g、侧柏叶5g~15g、蒲黄10g~15g、泽泻10g~15g、滑石10g~15g、通草4g~8g、淡竹叶6g~8g、三七7g~10g、酒大黄15g~20g、仙鹤草15g~20g、当归25g~35g、阿胶6g~8g。
其中,所述中药制剂中各原料药的重量分别为生地黄30g~35g、炒山药30g~35g、麦门冬25g~30g、五味子10g~15g、吴茱萸8g~10g、生黄芪25g~30g、太子参15g~20g、野菊花10g~15g、紫背天葵12g~15g、紫花地丁10g~15g、牡丹皮10g~15g、连翘15g~20g、赤小豆15g~20g、小蓟10g~15g、藕节10g~15g、侧柏叶10g~15g、蒲黄10g~15g、泽泻10g~15g、滑石10g~15g、通草6g~8g、淡竹叶6g~8g、三七9g~10g、酒大黄15g~20g、仙鹤草15g~20g、当归30g~35g、阿胶6g~8g。
其中,所述中药制剂中各原料药的重量分别为生地黄30g、炒山药30g、麦门冬30g、五味子15g、吴茱萸8g、生黄芪30g、太子参15g、野菊花10g、紫背天葵12g、紫花地丁10g、牡丹皮15g、连翘15g、赤小豆15g、小蓟10g、藕节10g、侧柏叶10g、蒲黄10g、泽泻15g、滑石15g、通草6g、淡竹叶6g、三七9g、酒大黄15g、仙鹤草15g、当归30g、阿胶6g。
其中,所述中药制剂的剂型为内服药物剂型。
其中,所述中药制剂具体可以为糖衣片剂、薄膜衣片剂、肠溶衣片剂、硬胶囊剂、软胶囊剂、口服液、颗粒剂、蜜丸剂、散剂、丹剂、注射剂或霜剂。
本发明还提供了上述中药制剂的制备方法,具体包括:
第一步,按重量分别称取各原料药,一起放入中药粉碎机,充分碾碎混合;
第二步,取第一步制备的混合粉末,加相对于混合粉末10~12倍重量的水煎煮3小时,过滤,滤渣加相对于混合粉末5~8倍重量的水煎煮2小时,过滤,滤渣加相对于混合粉末4~6倍重量的水煎煮1小时,煎液滤过合并,减压浓缩,干燥制得有效成分水提物的干膏粉;
第三步,将蜂蜜放入锅中,文火加热,边加热边不停用铲翻抄,不使其粘锅,直到蜜汁变成棕红色,起泡时即可停火,待蜜温自然冷却至50-60℃时,将第二步制得的细粉按一定的比例与炼蜜混合,揉和成蜜团条;最后将揉好的蜜团条放入制丸板上,从而得到蜜丸,蜜丸的质量为9g/丸。
所述的细粉与炼蜜的比例在夏天制药时为1∶2,在冬天时为1∶4。
有益的技术效果
本发明提供的用于治疗慢性肾小球肾炎血尿的中药制剂,具有益气养阴、通络活血、清热解毒、健脾益肾的功效,通过药物筛选及药量精简,并经过临床研究及实验室研究发现,其良好的作用,适用于临床推广治疗慢性肾小球肾炎血尿,为患者带来了福音。
具体实施方式
本发明提供了一种用于治疗慢性肾小球肾炎血尿的中药制剂,其原料药包括生地黄、炒山药、当归、阿胶、麦门冬、五味子、吴茱萸、生黄芪、太子参、野菊花、紫背天葵、紫花地丁、牡丹皮、连翘、赤小豆、小蓟、藕节、侧柏叶、蒲黄、泽泻、滑石、通草、淡竹叶、三七、酒大黄和仙鹤草。
进一步优选,所述中药制剂仅由上述原料药制备而成。
中医对于血尿自古就有认识,将其归结为“溺血”、“溲血”、“小便出血”等,病机有热迫膀胱、火毒迫血、心火内盛、阴虚火旺、劳伤气阴、脾肾不固、气滞血瘀、跌打损伤等,慢性肾小球肾炎血尿多迁延日久,或由急性期发展而来,亦或因失治、误治、久治不愈,导致肾脏病变,证型变化而导致虚实夹杂,治疗起来也相对困难,本发明中药制剂就是在临床中大量治疗慢性肾小球肾炎血尿中积累了丰富经验,通过药物筛选及药量精简而组方用药,因为其迁延日久,所以当扶正为本、止血为标,因此使用大剂量的生地黄、炒山药、当归、阿胶为君药组,其中生地黄滋补肝肾、清热凉血,肝肾得补、血热得清,则迅速改善肾小球肾炎的症状,有止血的功效,使用炒山药,肝脾肾同补,既能顾护先天肾脏、又能补养后天脾胃,脾统血,脾气得健,统血有权,调养肝脏,肝藏血、主疏泄,肝脏得养,则血可归肝、疏泄正常,使用当归、阿胶,两药合用,共奏养血、活血的功效,滋补肝脾,患者尿血日久,多气血不足,因此两药对证用药,此外,阿胶为血肉有情之品,养血功效更专;本发明中药制剂使用麦门冬配合君药生地黄养肺肾之阴,同时有清热的功效,吴茱萸补肝气、助疏泄,五味子有收敛之功,有止血功效,此外配合麦门冬、太子参有益气养阴,生津止渴功效,生黄芪、太子参配合炒山药补脾益气,其中太子参平补人体元气,补虚不生热,诸药合用共为臣药组;本病为本虚标实,在补虚同时要治疗标证,使用野菊花、紫背天葵、紫花地丁清热解毒,同时抗炎,迅速改善慢性肾小球肾炎的局部反应,使用牡丹皮、连翘、赤小豆有凉血止血的功效,三药均入血分,且牡丹皮有凉血活血的功效,连翘有凉血解毒的功效,赤小豆有利血中之湿的功效,此外,使用小蓟、藕节、侧柏叶,三药具有很好的止血功效,特别是热结膀胱导致的血尿,藕节、侧柏叶性凉,清热凉血止血功效更好,使用蒲黄、泽泻、滑石、通草、淡竹叶有淡渗利湿、利尿通淋的功效,其中蒲黄还有较好的止血、通淋的功效,泽泻可以泄肾浊,淡竹叶性凉,淡渗利湿、清热泻火,此外,本发明中药制剂针对该病迁延日久,久病入络伤血,故加入三七、酒大黄活血化瘀,三七化瘀生新力强,酒大黄化瘀泄热力专,诸药合用配合君臣药物,清热凉血、止血通淋,为佐药;仙鹤草利血中之湿,本发明中药制剂使用仙鹤草,为引经药,引药入血,为使药。综上所述,本发明中药制剂全方合用,共奏益气养阴、通络活血、清热解毒、健脾益肾的功效。
生地黄:味甘、苦,性寒,归心、肝、肾经,具有清热凉血、去瘀生新,养阴生津的功效,主治热如营分之身热口渴等真阴被劫之证;或热病后期低热不退;慢性疾病证属阴虚内热者;肺胃蕴热之口渴引饮,消渴心烦,胃阴受伤之口渴少津;血热妄行之便血、崩漏下血;血热毒盛之发斑紫黑等证。
炒山药:拉丁名dioscoreaerhizoma,味甘,性平,入肺、脾、肾经,具有健脾补肺、益胃补肾、固肾益精、聪耳明目、助五脏、强筋骨、长志安神、延年益寿的功效,主治脾胃虚弱、倦怠无力、食欲不振、久泄久痢、肺气虚燥、痰喘咳嗽、肾气亏耗、腰膝酸软、下肢痿弱、消渴尿频、遗精早泄、带下白浊、皮肤赤肿、肥胖等病症。
当归:拉丁名angelicaesinensisradix,味甘、辛,性温,入肝、心、脾经,有补血活血,调经止痛,润肠通便的作用,主要用于心血不足之头晕目眩,倦怠乏力,心悸气短,及其他血虚证;血海空虚,冲任虚寒或淤血阻滞之月经不调,经痛,产或腹痛,及其他血瘀作痛及阴虚血少肠燥之便秘等症状,其能改善子宫的血液循环、减轻盆腔充血,缓解痛经,当归能够增强机体的免疫力,,抑制肝脏纤维增生或促进肝内新生纤维的吸收。
阿胶:味甘、性平,入肺、肝、肾经,有补血止血,滋阴润燥的作用,可用于各种虚劳症状,尤其是血虚之面色萎黄,瘦弱乏力,头目晕眩,心悸失眠;营养不良性贫血,血小板减少性紫癜;虚损性咳血;吐血尿血便血;阴虚肺燥之咳嗽咽干,痰中带血;邪热久羁、阴虚血耗、虚风内动之筋脉拘急、手足抽搐等症状,阿胶具有促进红细胞的生成,增加血钙浓度,促进止血的作用,并有助于增强人体的免疫功能。
麦门冬:味甘、微苦,性微寒,入心、肺、胃经,有养阴润肺、化痰止咳、清热养心的作用,主要用于燥邪伤肺或阴虚肺燥有热之干咳痰黏,劳嗽咳血,咽干鼻燥,肺痈,热伤胃阴或胃阴不足所致的口干咽燥,舌红少苔,胃脘隐痛,内热消渴,大便燥结,心阴虚及温病热邪扰及心营而致的心烦不眠,舌绛而干等证。
五味子:性温,味酸、甘,归肺、心、肾经,具有收敛固涩,益气生津,补肾宁心的功效,用于久嗽虚喘,梦遗滑精,遗尿尿频,久泻不止,自汗,盗汗,津伤口渴,短气脉虚,内热消渴,心悸失眠等证。
吴茱萸:性热,味辛、苦,具有散寒止痛,降逆止呕,助阳止泻的功效,用于用于厥阴头痛,寒疝腹痛,寒湿脚气,经行腹痛,脘腹胀痛,呕吐吞酸,五更泄泻,外治口疮,高血压等证。
生黄芪:拉丁名astragaliradix,味甘、性温,归肺、脾经,有补益脾土,升举阳气,固表止汗,托疮生肌等作用,主要用于治疗脾肺气虚所致之乏力食少便溏,心悸气短,中气下陷之脏器下垂,气不摄血之崩漏便血,久泻脱肛;表虚不固之自汗盗汗;气血不足、阳气衰微之疮疡不起、脓成不溃、溃久不敛;以及气虚失运之水肿,小便不利等症状,黄芪对动物血糖具有双向调节作用,能增加贫血者的红细胞和血红蛋白,促进白细胞和血小板减少者恢复正常,并能提高或恢复红细胞的功能。
太子参:味甘、微苦,性平,归脾、肺经,具有补气健脾、润肺生津的功效,主治脾气虚弱所致的食欲不振,倦怠乏力,肺虚燥咳,喘促气短,温病后期,气津两伤,内热口渴等证。
野菊花:性微寒,味苦、辛,归肺、肝经,具有清热解毒、疏风平肝的功效,主治疔疮,痈疽,瘰疠、丹毒,湿疹,疥癣,风热感冒,咽喉肿痛,眩晕头痛,目赤热痛等证,野菊花对金黄色葡萄球菌、白喉杆菌、链球菌、绿脓杆菌、蒺疾杆菌、流感病毒,均有抑制作用。
紫背天葵:拉丁名BegoniafimbristipulaHance,性平,味辛、酸,祛瘀,活血,调经。治月经不调,白带过多,风湿,跌打内外伤。
紫花地丁:味苦、辛,性寒,入心、肝经,具有清热解毒、凉血消肿的作用,主要用于治疗疔痈疮疖的治疗,对急性结膜炎、麦粒肿等也具有较好疗效,紫花地丁对黄金色葡萄球菌、肺炎杆菌、大肠杆菌、甲型链球菌、乙型链球菌、流感杆菌、白喉杆菌、绿脓杆菌、白色葡萄糖球菌、白色念珠菌有不同程度的抑制作用。
牡丹皮:性寒,味苦、凉,入心、肝、肾、肺经,具有清热凉血、活血散瘀的功效,用于温热病热入血分,发斑,吐衄,热病后期热伏阴分发热,阴虚骨蒸潮热,血滞经闭,痛经,痈肿疮毒,跌扑伤痛,风湿热痹等证。
连翘:拉丁名ForsythiaeFructus,味苦,性微寒,入心、肝、胆、小肠经,有清热解毒,消肿散结的功效,用于痈疽,瘰疬,乳痈,丹毒,风热感冒,温病初起,温热入营,高热烦渴,神昏发斑,热淋尿闭等证的治疗,对痢疾杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌有很强的抑制作用。
赤小豆:性平,味甘、酸,具有利水消种,解毒排脓的功效,用于水肿胀满、脚气浮肿、黄疸尿赤、风湿热痹、痈肿疮毒、肠痈腹痛等证。
小蓟:味甘、苦,性凉,归心、肝经,具有凉血止血,祛瘀消肿的功效,用于衄血,吐血,尿血,便血,崩漏下血,外伤出血,痈肿疮毒等证。
藕节:性平,味甘、涩,有止血散淤的功效,主治咳血、吐血、尿血、便血、子宫出血等证。
侧柏叶:拉丁名platycladicacumen,味苦、涩,性寒,归肺、肝、脾经,具有凉血止血,化痰止咳,生发乌发的功效,主治吐血,咳血,便血,崩漏带下,肺热咳喘,血热脱发,须发早白等证。
蒲黄:味甘,性平,入肝、心包经,具有止血,化瘀,通淋的功效。用于吐血,衄血,咯血,崩漏,外伤出血,经闭痛经,脘腹刺痛,跌扑肿痛,血淋涩痛等证。
泽泻:味甘、淡,性寒,入肾、膀胱经,有利水渗湿、泻热通淋、清心肺、泻肾火的作用,主要用于脾虚水湿停滞、水湿泛滥之全身水肿;水饮痰湿至邪困阻,致清阳不升浊音不降之眩晕;湿热下注之小便不利;湿热黄疸等证的治疗。
滑石:味甘、淡,性寒,归膀胱、肺、胃经,具有利尿通淋,清热解暑,祛湿敛疮的功效。用于热淋,石淋,尿热涩痛,暑湿烦渴,湿热水泻;外治湿疹,湿疮,痱子等证。
通草:味甘、淡,性微寒,归肺、胃经,具有清热利尿,通气下乳的功效,主治湿热淋证,水肿尿少,乳汁不下等证。
淡竹叶:又名竹叶,味甘、淡,性寒,入心、肺、胃经,有清热除烦、利尿通淋的作用,主要用于外感热病、心烦口渴、心胃火盛、口舌生疮、尿赤淋浊等证,对金黄色葡萄球菌及血溶性链球菌有抑制作用。
三七:拉丁名notoginsengradixetrhizoma,为五加科植物三七干燥根和根茎,性温,味甘、微苦,归肝、胃经,具有止血,散瘀,消肿,止痛的功效,主治吐血,咳血,衄血,便血,血痢,崩漏,症瘕,产后血晕,恶露不下,跌扑瘀血,外伤出血,痈肿疼痛等证,现代药理证明,三七有缩短凝血时间、降低毛细血管通透性、改善毛细血管脆性、促进骨髓制造血小板等作用,有利于止血和抗休克。
酒大黄:拉丁名RheiRadixetRhizoma,味苦,性寒,归胃经;大肠经;肝经;脾经,具有攻积滞;清湿热;泻火;凉血;祛瘀;解毒的功效,主治实热便秘;热结胸痞;湿热泻痢;黄疸;淋病;水肿腹满;小便不利;目赤;咽喉肿痛;口舌生疮;胃热呕吐;吐血;咯血;衄血;便血;尿血;蓄血;经闭;产后瘀滞腹痛;症瘕积聚;跌打损伤;热毒痈疡;丹毒;烫伤等证。
仙鹤草:拉丁名AgrimoniaeHerba,味苦、涩,性平,归心、肝经,具有收敛止血,止痢杀虫的功效,主治各种出血之证,例如:吐血、尿血、便血、崩漏、咯血、衄血,赤白痢疾,劳伤脱力,痈肿,跌打,创伤出血等证。
所述中药制剂中各原料药的重量分别为生地黄25g~35g、炒山药25g~35g、麦门冬25g~35g、五味子10g~15g、吴茱萸6g~10g、生黄芪25g~30g、太子参15g~20g、野菊花10g~15g、紫背天葵10g~15g、紫花地丁10g~15g、牡丹皮10g~20g、连翘10g~20g、赤小豆15g~20g、小蓟10g~15g、藕节10g~15g、侧柏叶5g~15g、蒲黄10g~15g、泽泻10g~15g、滑石10g~15g、通草4g~8g、淡竹叶6g~8g、三七7g~10g、酒大黄15g~20g、仙鹤草15g~20g、当归25g~35g、阿胶6g~8g。
进一步优选,所述中药制剂中各原料药的重量分别为生地黄30g~35g、炒山药30g~35g、麦门冬25g~30g、五味子10g~15g、吴茱萸8g~10g、生黄芪25g~30g、太子参15g~20g、野菊花10g~15g、紫背天葵12g~15g、紫花地丁10g~15g、牡丹皮10g~15g、连翘15g~20g、赤小豆15g~20g、小蓟10g~15g、藕节10g~15g、侧柏叶10g~15g、蒲黄10g~15g、泽泻10g~15g、滑石10g~15g、通草6g~8g、淡竹叶6g~8g、三七9g~10g、酒大黄15g~20g、仙鹤草15g~20g、当归30g~35g、阿胶6g~8g。
所述中药制剂中各原料药的重量最优选分别为生地黄30g、炒山药30g、麦门冬30g、五味子15g、吴茱萸8g、生黄芪30g、太子参15g、野菊花10g、紫背天葵12g、紫花地丁10g、牡丹皮15g、连翘15g、赤小豆15g、小蓟10g、藕节10g、侧柏叶10g、蒲黄10g、泽泻15g、滑石15g、通草6g、淡竹叶6g、三七9g、酒大黄15g、仙鹤草15g、当归30g、阿胶6g。
其中,所述中药制剂的剂型为内服药物剂型,具体可以为糖衣片剂、薄膜衣片剂、肠溶衣片剂、硬胶囊剂、软胶囊剂、口服液、颗粒剂、蜜丸剂、散剂、丹剂、注射剂或霜剂,优选为蜜丸。
本发明还提供上述中药制剂制备成蜜丸时的制备方法,具体包括:
第一步,按重量分别称取各原料药,一起放入中药粉碎机,充分碾碎混合;
第二步,取第一步制备的混合粉末,加相对于混合粉末10~12倍重量的水煎煮3小时,过滤,滤渣加相对于混合粉末5~8倍重量的水煎煮2小时,过滤,滤渣加相对于混合粉末4~6倍重量的水煎煮1小时,煎液滤过合并,减压浓缩,干燥制得有效成分水提物的干膏粉;
第三步,将蜂蜜放入锅中,文火加热,边加热边不停用铲翻抄,不使其粘锅,直到蜜汁变成棕红色,起泡时即可停火,待蜜温自然冷却至50-60℃时,将第二步制得的干膏粉按一定的比例与炼蜜混合,揉和成蜜团条;最后将揉好的蜜团条放入制丸板上,从而得到蜜丸,蜜丸的质量为9g/丸。
所述的细粉与炼蜜的比例在夏天制药时为1∶2,在冬天时为1∶4。
以下采用实施例来详细说明本发明的实施方式,借此对本发明如何应用技术手段来解决技术问题,并达成技术效果的实现过程能充分理解并据以实施。
实施例1蜜丸1
分别称取生地黄30g、炒山药30g、麦门冬30g、五味子15g、吴茱萸8g、生黄芪30g、太子参15g、野菊花10g、紫背天葵12g、紫花地丁10g、牡丹皮15g、连翘15g、赤小豆15g、小蓟10g、藕节10g、侧柏叶10g、蒲黄10g、泽泻15g、滑石15g、通草6g、淡竹叶6g、三七9g、酒大黄15g、仙鹤草15g、当归30g、阿胶6g,进行清洗切片,经干燥后一起放入中药粉碎机,充分碾碎混合,取混合粉末,加4kg的水煎煮3小时,过滤,滤渣加2.5kg的水煎煮2小时,过滤,滤渣加2kg的水煎煮1小时,煎液滤过合并,减压浓缩,干燥制得有效成分水提物的干膏粉,将600g蜂蜜放入锅中,文火加热,边加热边不停用铲翻抄,不使其粘锅,直到蜜汁变成棕红色,起泡时即可停火,待蜜温自然冷却至50℃时,将300g干膏粉与炼蜜混合,揉和成蜜团条;最后将揉好的蜜团条放入制丸板上,从而得到蜜丸,蜜丸的质量为9g/丸。
实施例2蜜丸2
分别称取生地黄25g、炒山药25g、麦门冬25g、五味子10g、吴茱萸6g、生黄芪25g、太子参15g、野菊花10g、紫背天葵10g、紫花地丁10g、牡丹皮10g、连翘10g、赤小豆15g、小蓟10g、藕节10g、侧柏叶5g、蒲黄10g、泽泻10g、滑石10g、通草4g、淡竹叶6g、三七7g、酒大黄15g、仙鹤草15g、当归25g、阿胶6g,进行清洗切片,经干燥后一起放入中药粉碎机,充分碾碎混合,取混合粉末,加3.5kg的水煎煮3小时,过滤,滤渣加2kg的水煎煮2小时,过滤,滤渣加2kg的水煎煮1小时,煎液滤过合并,减压浓缩,干燥制得有效成分水提物的干膏粉,将600g蜂蜜放入锅中,文火加热,边加热边不停用铲翻抄,不使其粘锅,直到蜜汁变成棕红色,起泡时即可停火,待蜜温自然冷却至50℃时,将300g干膏粉与炼蜜混合,揉和成蜜团条;最后将揉好的蜜团条放入制丸板上,从而得到蜜丸,蜜丸的质量为9g/丸。
实施例3蜜丸3
分别称取生地黄35g、炒山35g、麦门冬35g、五味子15g、吴茱萸10g、生黄芪30g、太子参20g、野菊花15g、紫背天葵15g、紫花地丁15g、牡丹皮20g、连翘20g、赤小豆20g、小蓟15g、藕节15g、侧柏叶15g、蒲黄15g、泽泻15g、滑石15g、通草8g、淡竹叶8g、三七10g、酒大黄20g、仙鹤草20g、当归35g、阿胶8g,进行清洗切片,经干燥后一起放入中药粉碎机,充分碾碎混合,取混合粉末,加4.5kg的水煎煮3小时,过滤,滤渣加3kg的水煎煮2小时,过滤,滤渣加2kg的水煎煮1小时,煎液滤过合并,减压浓缩,干燥制得有效成分水提物的干膏粉,将600g蜂蜜放入锅中,文火加热,边加热边不停用铲翻抄,不使其粘锅,直到蜜汁变成棕红色,起泡时即可停火,待蜜温自然冷却至50℃时,将300g干膏粉与炼蜜混合,揉和成蜜团条;最后将揉好的蜜团条放入制丸板上,从而得到蜜丸,蜜丸的质量为9g/丸。
实施例4本发明中药药物的急毒性研究
经过药典检索及相关法律检索,本发明中药蜜丸所使用的中药无毒副作用标注及禁用报道,并且本发明中药蜜丸包含药食同源中药,因此,从相关规定中可知,本发明中药蜜丸的安全性更加可靠,为了验证本发明中药蜜丸临床使用的毒副作用,特进行急毒性试验及长期毒性试验。
急毒性试验
实验材料
SPF级KM小鼠,体重22~25g,20只,雌雄各半,本发明实施例1制备的中药蜜丸,用水溶解后,制备成成含生药含量1.35g/ml的溶液,4℃保存备用。
实验方法
将KM小鼠随机分为两组,每组10只,雌雄各半,分笼饲养。饲养条件为恒温(26±2℃)及湿度60±5%,自由摄水,自然昼夜节律。
实验前,各组小鼠禁食不禁水12h,对照组灌胃蒸馏水0.2ml/20g体重,3次/日;实验组,灌胃本发明中药溶液,0.2ml/20g体重,3次/日,给药间隔4h。连续给药7天,停药观察3天。
观察指标
观察给药期间及停药观察期间,各组小鼠的一般情况,如发育情况(体温、体重、心率),皮毛情况,精神状态,各天然孔情况,自主活动情况。对各组小鼠脏器检查及理化检测:(1)肾脏HE染色观察;(2)心脏HE染色观察。
结果
实验期间无小鼠死亡,根据实验安排进行相关检测。
给药期间及停药观察期间,各组小鼠在体重、体温等基础体征,无明显异常,两组比较,无统计学差异,外观正常,无畸形,皮毛色泽正常,精神状态良好,各天然孔干净,无异常分泌物,自主活动正常,无异常行为。
根据实验要求,在观察期后,予10%水合氯醛麻醉,腹主动脉取血处死,打开腹腔,观察各脏器情况,各组小鼠脏器排列正常,无粘连,无出血。
剥离各脏器,称重,计算脏器指数,经统计学分析,无统计学差异,两组同期进行比较,统计学无差异。
小鼠肾脏HE染色,未见肾脏细胞及组织结构异常,无囊肿、无显微组织增生、无炎细胞浸润、无肾小球坏死。
小鼠心肌HE染色,未见心肌细胞及组织结构异常,无纤维组织增生、无炎细胞浸润、无心肌变性、小血管无钙化。
结论
通过小鼠急性毒性试验,小鼠给药量为40.5g/kg/d,换算成正常成人给药量405g/kg/d(小鼠与60kg健康成人换算系数为10),为正常成人每日给药量的119.40倍(正常60kg成人中药摄入量为3.392g/kg/d),一般认为,动物实验中,给药为人100倍以上,而无明显毒副作用,可以认为药物是安全的。
长期毒性试验
实验材料
实验动物及实验用药同急毒性试验
本发明中药制备方法同急毒性试验,使用时制备成0.8g/ml、0.4g/ml,4℃保存备用。
实验方法
将KM小鼠,随机分为三组,每组10只,雌雄各半,分笼饲养。饲养条件为恒温(26±2℃)及湿度60±5%,自由摄水,自然昼夜节律。
给药方法
实验前,各组小鼠禁食不禁水12h,对照组灌胃蒸馏水0.2ml/20g体重,2次/日;高、低剂量组(20g/kg/d、15g/kg/d、10g/kg/d),分别灌胃本发明中药药液,0.2ml/20g体重,2次/日,给药间隔6h。连续给药14天,停药观察7天。
观察指标
观察给药期间及停药观察期间,各组小鼠的一般情况,如发育情况(体温、体重、心率),皮毛情况,精神状态,各天然孔情况,自主活动情况。对各组小鼠脏器检查及理化检测:(1)肾脏HE染色观察;(2)心脏HE染色观察。
结果
实验期间无小鼠死亡,根据实验安排进行相关检测。
给药期间及停药观察期间,各组小鼠在体重、体温等基础体征,无明显异常,两组比较,无统计学差异,外观正常,无畸形,皮毛色泽正常,精神状态良好,各天然孔干净,无异常分泌物,自主活动正常,无异常行为。
根据实验要求,在观察期后,予10%水合氯醛麻醉,腹主动脉取血处死,打开腹腔,观察各脏器情况,各组小鼠脏器排列正常,无粘连,无出血。
剥离各脏器,称重,计算脏器指数,经统计学分析,无统计学差异,两组同期进行比较,统计学无差异。
小鼠肾脏HE染色,未见肾脏细胞及组织结构异常,无囊肿、无显微组织增生、无炎细胞浸润、无肾小球坏死。
小鼠心肌HE染色,未见心肌细胞及组织结构异常,无纤维组织增生、无炎细胞浸润、无心肌变性、小血管无钙化。
结论
通过小鼠长期毒性试验,小鼠给药量分别为16g/kg/d、8g/kg/d,换算成正常成人给药量分别是160g/kg/d、80g/kg/d(小鼠与60kg健康成人换算系数为10.0),为正常成人每日给药量的47.17倍、23.58倍(正常60kg成人中药摄入量为3.392g/kg/d)。通过本实验长期毒性研究可以证实,本发明中药在长期毒性试验中,无蓄积毒性,无迟发毒性,对肾脏、心肌无明显毒副作用,基本可以认为是安全的,故临床使用是安全的。
实施例5实验研究
实验动物与分组
清洁级Wistar大鼠40只,体重220~240g,雌雄对半。造模前预养1周,随机分为正常对照组、模型组、雷公藤多苷组、发明组,每组10只。
模型建立
模型组、雷公藤多苷组、发明组3组大鼠适应性喂养1周,腹腔注射10%水合氯醛(3ml/kg)麻醉,常规消毒后经背部切除左侧肾脏,休养1周。大鼠足垫皮下注射完全弗氏佐剂0.1mg加3mgBSA,于1周末、2周末加强2次。3周末,腹腔连续4次注射BSA,间隔时间为1h,注射剂量分别为每只0.5mg、1.0mg、1.5mg、3.0mg;次日晨加强1次(2.0mg/只)。之后每日腹腔注射BSA,剂量从每只0.5mg开始,每日增加0.5~5.0mg,继续每周加量1~10mg为止。正常对照组大鼠,手术造模时开腹游离左侧肾脏后关腹,药物造模时给予相应剂量的生理盐水注射。
试剂及给药方式
本发明实施例1制备的中药蜜丸1
本发明实施例1制备的中药蜜丸溶解在水中,配制成生药浓度为2.2g/ml的溶液,给药剂量为1ml/100g体重,造模5周时开始灌胃,共灌胃8周。
雷公藤多苷
雷公藤多苷片,10mg/片,由浙江普洛康裕天然药物有限公司提供,配成2.4mg/ml,给药剂量为1ml/100g体重,造模5周时开始灌胃,共灌胃8周。
生理盐水
由实验室自制,正常对照组灌以相同剂量的生理盐水。
其他试剂
牛血清白蛋白(BSA)购自瑞士罗氏公司;弗氏佐剂购自美国Sigma公司;一抗(TNF-α、IL-6)兔抗鼠多克隆抗体、二抗:羊抗兔TNF-α、IL-6,均购自武汉博士德生物技术有限公司
观察指标
肾组织形态学检测
于12周末宰杀大鼠后取肾脏进行病理切片、光镜HE染色测定。光镜下肾脏形态改变分0~III级,分别记0,2,4,6分。0级:正常肾小球;I级:系膜增生宽度小于毛细血管直径,呈节段性分布;II级:系膜增生宽度大于毛细血管直径,呈弥漫性分布;III级:系膜增生宽度呈团块状聚集,弥漫指状分布。每例标本随机取10个肾小球(皮质肾小球5个,近髓质肾小球5个),按上述标准计分。
肾小球系膜组织中TNF-α、IL-6表达的测定
采用免疫组化PV9000二步法。免疫组织化学染色结果采用德国欧博同图像分析系统进行量化,以肾小球系膜细胞胞浆中出现棕色颗粒为阳性,用平均光密度来衡量其表达强度,每个标本随机选取4个高倍视野(×400倍)进行图像分析,取其平均值。
统计学方法
所有实验数据用(x±s)表示,应用SPSS17.0软件进行统计学分析,计量资料采用单因素方差分析,计数资料用平均方差分析,以P<0.05表示有统计学意义。
结果
肾脏组织病理改变
肉眼观察结果可见正常对照组肾脏大小形态正常,颜色暗红;模型组及各药物治疗组肾脏较正常肾脏略大,颜色较正常略暗。
肾脏组织HE染色
光镜观察结果光镜下正常对照组肾小球大小形态正常。
模型组大鼠肾小球肥大,系膜细胞及基质中至重度弥漫增生,节段性严重,多数系膜区细胞≥4个,部分肾小球囊腔黏连,小球毛细血管管腔挤压变窄,毛细血管基底膜无明显病变;病变以III级为主。
雷公藤组可见部分肾小球系膜细胞和基质轻度增生,系膜区细胞数较模型组明显减少;肾小球毛细血管管腔受压不明显,毛细血管基底膜无明显病变;病变以II级、III级为主。
发明组可见大鼠肾脏病理得到明显改善,组织中可见肾小球系膜细胞与基质增生不明显,系膜区无增宽;毛细血管管腔通畅;病变以I级、II级为主。
表1各组大鼠肾脏病理形态学检测
组别 | n | 0级 | I级 | II级 | III级 |
正常组 | 10 | 10 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
模型组 | 10 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 8 |
雷公藤组 | 10 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 4 |
发明组 | 10 | 0 | 5 | 4 | 1 |
由表1可见,模型组与正常组相比肾小球系膜细胞与基质显著增生(P<0.01);各药物治疗组均可不同程度地抑制慢性系膜增生性肾小球肾炎中系膜细胞与基质的增生(P<0.05),抑制作用更明显(P<0.01)。
肾脏组织中TNF-α和IL-6蛋白表达
TNF-α在正常组肾小球系膜细胞呈阴性反应;模型组肾小球系膜细胞中阳性反应明显,且阳性染色强度亦与HE染色显示的病变程度一致。药物干预组肾小球系膜细胞中TNF-α的表达呈现弱阳性反应,其阳性反应程度与其肾脏病变程度一致,其平均值与模型组相比具有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中平均值降低更明显(P<0.01)。见表2
IL-6在正常组肾小球系膜细胞中呈弱阳性表达;模型组系膜细胞中阳性反应更强,与正常对照组相比具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。药物干预组肾小球系膜中IL-6呈现阳性表达,其程度随病变有所不同,其平均值与模型组相比下降,其中下降更明显(P<0.01)。见表2
表2肾脏组织中TNF-α和IL-6蛋白表达
注:与正常组比较,*P<0.05;与模型组比较,#P<0.05;与雷公藤组比较,▲P<0.05
结论
通过实验研究,本发明中药蜜丸与模型组对照、与阳性药物雷公藤对照,其对于各组大鼠肾脏病理形态、肾脏组织中TNF-α和IL-6蛋白表达均有显著改善作用,与治疗前统计学有显著差异。综合分析本发明中药制剂,在短期干预,具有较好作用,在完成安全性评估及临床试验研究后,可以在临床推广使用。
实施例6临床研究
病例选择
纳入标准
①符合慢性肾小球肾炎血尿的西医诊断标准,血尿指持续镜下血尿(每高倍视野尿红细胞≥3个,或牛包华氏计算盘计数≥8×106/L)和(或)反复肉眼血尿,同时相差显微镜检尿畸形红细胞比例>70%;
②中医辨证分型属气阴两虚、久病入络(参照《中药新药临床研究指导原则》中的有关标准):气短,发力,酸痛明显,不能多站、多行,影响行动,休息亦感疲劳乏力,持续出现,不能坚持日常活动,食欲甚差,无饥饿感,食量减少1/2以上,小便黄赤或者深黧黑,脉沉细,舌质淡暗。
③肾功能正常,无或伴有轻微蛋白尿,24h尿蛋白≤0.5g/L;④高血压、水肿等症状得到有效控制;
⑤年龄16~70岁。本临床试验遵循赫尔辛基宣言和中国有关临床试验研究规范、法规进行。
每例患者入选本试验前,研究者均以书面形式向患者或其指定代表完整、全面地介绍本试验目的、程序和可能的风险,患者明确知道其有权随时退出本试验;每例患者进入试验之前均签署知情同意书,并保留在研究档案中。
排除标准
①继发性肾小球疾病(紫癜性肾炎、狼疮性肾炎)、肾囊肿破裂、尿路感染、急性感染后肾小球肾炎、遗传性肾脏病、腰痛-血尿综合征、特发性高钙尿症及运动员肾炎等引起血尿的患者;
②近30天内使用过激素、环磷酰胺等免疫抑制剂者;
③伴有严重的心、脑、肝、肺等脏器疾病患者;
④妊娠或哺乳期妇女;
⑤精神病患者。
剔除标准
①对本试验用药过敏者;
②未按规定用药者;
③患者依从性差,影响疗效或安全性判断者;
④治疗期间伴发尿路感染或其他诱发血尿加重的疾病者。
一般资料
167例病例均为2015年4月至2015年9月收治的患者,采用随机数字表法分为治疗组(84例)和对照组(83例)。治疗组中男性44例,女性40例;年龄17~73岁,平均(38.13±7.14)岁;病程9个月~7年,平均2.2±1.1年。对照组中男性41例,女性42例,年龄20~70岁,平均39.17±7.13岁,病程10个月~7年,平均2.1±1.3年。两组患者性别、年龄、病程、病情以及服用降压药情况差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),具有可比性。
治疗方法
两组均采用西医常规治疗方案:钠盐的摄入根据病情与血钠水平而定,伴有高血压及水肿时,钠盐摄入量应限制在每日3g左右;水的摄入量根据尿量而定;控制血压(主要包括钙离子拮抗剂、α受体阻滞剂或中枢性降压药等);控制可能加剧肾小球性血尿的因素(上呼吸道感染、剧烈运动、腹泻、活血药物等)。两组均排除使用血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂(ACEI)、血管紧张素II受体拮抗剂(ARB)等有肾脏保护作用的降压药。
治疗组在常规治疗措施基础上内服本发明实施例1制备的蜜丸1,9g/丸,1丸/次,2次/日。
对照组在常规治疗措施基础上加用肾炎康复片(天津同仁堂股份有限公司,批号:150401),每次3片,每日3次,口服。
两组疗程均为6个月。
观察方法
临床疗效
疗程结束后,参照《中药新药临床研究指导原则》中的有关标准判定临床疗效:
①临床控制:尿常规检查无镜下血尿,或尿沉渣红细胞计数正常,肾功能正常;
②显效:尿常规检查每高倍视野红细胞减少≥3个(或2个“+”),或尿沉渣红细胞计数检查减少≥40%;
③有效:尿常规检查每高倍视野红细胞减少<3个(或1个“+”),或尿沉渣红细胞计数检查减少<40%;
④无效:临床表现与实验室检查均无改善或加重。
中医证候积分
治疗前后参照《中药新药临床研究指导原则》中的有关标准,采用分级计分法观察中医证候变化情况。中医证候分级计分标准见表3。
表3中医证候分级计分标准
实验室指标
体液免疫学指标:血IgA,补体C3;血液流变学指标:纤维蛋白原。上述指标每3个月复查1次。尿红细胞(尿常规、尿沉渣红细胞计数)每个月复查1次。
安全性指标
肝肾功能每个月复查1次,同时观察记录试验期间不良反应发生情况。
统计学方法
试验数据采用SPSS17.0软件进行统计学分析。计量资料以表示,符合正态分布的资料,同组比较采用配对t检验,组间比较采用独立样本的t检验;非正态分布的资料采用秩和检验。等级资料采用Ridit分析。
结果
临床疗效治疗组、对照组总有效率分别为91.18%、45.45%;组间临床疗效比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。见表4。
表4两组临床疗效比较(例)
组别 | n | 临床控制 | 显效 | 有效 | 无效 | 总有效率(%) |
治疗组 | 84 | 19 | 43 | 18 | 4 | 95.24 |
对照组 | 83 | 6 | 34 | 30 | 13 | 84.34 |
中医证候积分变化情况
治疗前后组内比较,治疗组腰脊酸痛、疲倦乏力、尿色异常、面色晦暗积分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),对照组腰脊酸痛、面色晦暗积分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);组间治疗后比较,腰脊酸痛、疲倦乏力、尿色异常积分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。见表5。
表5两组中医证候积分变化情况比较(分)
注:与本组治疗前比较,*P<0.05。
尿红细胞变化情况两组治疗前后组内比较,尿红细胞定性、尿沉渣红细胞计数差异均有统计学意(P<0.05);组间治疗后比较,各指标差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。见表6。
表6两组尿红细胞变化情况比较
注:与本组治疗前比较,*P<0.05。
免疫学和血液流变学指标变化情况
治疗前后组内比较,治疗组C3、纤维蛋白原差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),对照组各指标差异均无统计学意义(P<0.05);组间治疗后比较,C3、纤维蛋白原差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。见表5。
表5两组免疫学、血液流变学指标变化情况比较(g/L)
注:与本组治疗前比较,*P<0.05,与对照组比较,#P<0.05
安全性比较
两组在治疗期间均未出现与药物相关的明显的不良反应,所有患者治疗前后肝肾功能均无异常变化。
结论
通过本发明中药蜜丸临床观察,其治疗慢性肾小球肾炎血尿的作用显著,并且改善患者中医体征,对于免疫调节有明显的优势,因此适用于临床推广应用于慢性肾小球肾炎血尿的治疗。
以上所述,仅是本发明的较佳实施例而已,并非是对本发明作其它形式的限制,任何熟悉本专业的技术人员可能利用上述揭示的技术内容加以变更或改型为等同变化的等效实施例。但是凡是未脱离本发明技术方案内容,依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、等同变化与改型,仍属于本发明技术方案的保护范围。
Claims (8)
1.一种用于治疗慢性肾小球肾炎血尿的中药制剂,其特征在于:原料药包括生地黄、炒山药、当归、阿胶、麦门冬、五味子、吴茱萸、生黄芪、太子参、野菊花、紫背天葵、紫花地丁、牡丹皮、连翘、赤小豆、小蓟、藕节、侧柏叶、蒲黄、泽泻、滑石、通草、淡竹叶、三七、酒大黄和仙鹤草。
2.如权利要求1所述的用于治疗慢性肾小球肾炎血尿的中药制剂,其特征在于:各原料药的重量分别为生地黄25g~35g、炒山药25g~35g、麦门冬25g~35g、五味子10g~15g、吴茱萸6g~10g、生黄芪25g~30g、太子参15g~20g、野菊花10g~15g、紫背天葵10g~15g、紫花地丁10g~15g、牡丹皮10g~20g、连翘10g~20g、赤小豆15g~20g、小蓟10g~15g、藕节10g~15g、侧柏叶5g~15g、蒲黄10g~15g、泽泻10g~15g、滑石10g~15g、通草4g~8g、淡竹叶6g~8g、三七7g~10g、酒大黄15g~20g、仙鹤草15g~20g、当归25g~35g、阿胶6g~8g。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的用于治疗慢性肾小球肾炎血尿的中药制剂,其特征在于:各原料药的重量分别为生地黄30g~35g、炒山药30g~35g、麦门冬25g~30g、五味子10g~15g、吴茱萸8g~10g、生黄芪25g~30g、太子参15g~20g、野菊花10g~15g、紫背天葵12g~15g、紫花地丁10g~15g、牡丹皮10g~15g、连翘15g~20g、赤小豆15g~20g、小蓟10g~15g、藕节10g~15g、侧柏叶10g~15g、蒲黄10g~15g、泽泻10g~15g、滑石10g~15g、通草6g~8g、淡竹叶6g~8g、三七9g~10g、酒大黄15g~20g、仙鹤草15g~20g、当归30g~35g、阿胶6g~8g。
4.如权利要求1至3所述的用于治疗慢性肾小球肾炎血尿的中药制剂,其特征在于:各原料药的重量分别为生地黄30g、炒山药30g、麦门冬30g、五味子15g、吴茱萸8g、生黄芪30g、太子参15g、野菊花10g、紫背天葵12g、紫花地丁10g、牡丹皮15g、连翘15g、赤小豆15g、小蓟10g、藕节10g、侧柏叶10g、蒲黄10g、泽泻15g、滑石15g、通草6g、淡竹叶6g、三七9g、酒大黄15g、仙鹤草15g、当归30g、阿胶6g。
5.如权利要求1至4所述的用于治疗慢性肾小球肾炎血尿的中药制剂,其特征在于:所述中药制剂的剂型为内服药物剂型。
6.如权利要求1至5所述的用于治疗慢性肾小球肾炎血尿的中药制剂,其特征在于:所述中药制剂具体可以为糖衣片剂、薄膜衣片剂、肠溶衣片剂、硬胶囊剂、软胶囊剂、口服液、颗粒剂、蜜丸剂、散剂、丹剂、注射剂或霜剂。
7.权利要求1至6所述中药制剂的制备方法,其特征在于,包括:
第一步,按重量分别称取各原料药,一起放入中药粉碎机,充分碾碎混合;
第二步,取第一步制备的混合粉末,加相对于混合粉末10~12倍重量的水煎煮3小时,过滤,滤渣加相对于混合粉末5~8倍重量的水煎煮2小时,过滤,滤渣加相对于混合粉末4~6倍重量的水煎煮1小时,煎液滤过合并,减压浓缩,干燥制得有效成分水提物的干膏粉;
第三步,将蜂蜜放入锅中,文火加热,边加热边不停用铲翻抄,不使其粘锅,直到蜜汁变成棕红色,起泡时即可停火,待蜜温自然冷却至50-60℃时,将第二步制得的细粉按一定的比例与炼蜜混合,揉和成蜜团条;最后将揉好的蜜团条放入制丸板上,从而得到蜜丸,蜜丸的质量为9g/丸。
8.权利要求7所述中药制剂的制备方法,其特征在于:所述的细粉与炼蜜的比例在夏天制药时为1∶2,在冬天时为1∶4。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201610284797.1A CN105749021A (zh) | 2016-04-29 | 2016-04-29 | 用于治疗慢性肾小球肾炎血尿的中药制剂 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201610284797.1A CN105749021A (zh) | 2016-04-29 | 2016-04-29 | 用于治疗慢性肾小球肾炎血尿的中药制剂 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN105749021A true CN105749021A (zh) | 2016-07-13 |
Family
ID=56323216
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201610284797.1A Pending CN105749021A (zh) | 2016-04-29 | 2016-04-29 | 用于治疗慢性肾小球肾炎血尿的中药制剂 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN105749021A (zh) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN106389705A (zh) * | 2016-11-23 | 2017-02-15 | 张晓燕 | 一种治疗尿血的中药组合物 |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102648969A (zh) * | 2012-04-24 | 2012-08-29 | 李雯 | 固肾复方中药制剂 |
-
2016
- 2016-04-29 CN CN201610284797.1A patent/CN105749021A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102648969A (zh) * | 2012-04-24 | 2012-08-29 | 李雯 | 固肾复方中药制剂 |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN106389705A (zh) * | 2016-11-23 | 2017-02-15 | 张晓燕 | 一种治疗尿血的中药组合物 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN104873624B (zh) | 一种用于痛风性关节炎的药物组合物 | |
CN101002906A (zh) | 一种中药复方及其用途 | |
CN104367879A (zh) | 一种用于治疗鸡劳伤的药物组合物及其制备方法 | |
CN103736072A (zh) | 一种治疗过敏性鼻炎的药物及其制备方法 | |
CN103536838B (zh) | 一种治疗先兆流产的中药制剂及其制备方法 | |
CN104491342A (zh) | 一种治疗糖尿病的药物及其制备方法 | |
CN102000164A (zh) | 一种治疗银屑病的中药组合物及其制备方法 | |
CN105582471A (zh) | 用于治疗肝气郁结型经前期紧张综合征的中药药物 | |
CN105194460A (zh) | 治疗风湿热型痛风发作急性期的中药制剂 | |
CN102579818B (zh) | 一种藏药组合物及其制备方法与应用 | |
CN104906507A (zh) | 一种降低血压、调理体质的中药组合物 | |
CN101664518B (zh) | 滋润浴液组合物、其制备方法及其在制备治疗阴血虚疲劳综合症肥胖症药品保健品中的应用 | |
CN104189776A (zh) | 一种治疗动脉粥样硬化的药物制剂及其制备方法 | |
CN105749021A (zh) | 用于治疗慢性肾小球肾炎血尿的中药制剂 | |
CN103405708B (zh) | 一种治疗慢性肠炎的药物及其制备方法 | |
CN104906551A (zh) | 一种抗疲劳中药及食品组合物和制备方法 | |
CN104906394A (zh) | 一种治疗肝肾阴虚兼气血亏虚型高血压的中药 | |
CN104352717A (zh) | 一种治疗脾气虚弱型便血的中药制剂及其制备方法 | |
CN104623068A (zh) | 治疗小儿发热惊风的药物及其制备方法 | |
CN116139236B (zh) | 一种治疗肝郁型失眠症的中药组合物及其应用 | |
CN102228619B (zh) | 一种治疗系统性红斑狼疮的中成药 | |
CN102362957B (zh) | 一种治疗深部红斑狼疮的中成药 | |
CN101862376B (zh) | 一种治疗输卵管阻塞性不孕症的药物及其制备方法 | |
CN105267815A (zh) | 一种治疗小儿肺肾两虚型哮喘的喷雾剂及其制备方法 | |
CN105770563A (zh) | 一种治疗焦虑症的中药制剂及其制备方法 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
C06 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication | ||
WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20160713 |