CN105748555A - 仙人掌多糖提取物在制备治疗中枢神经系统损伤药物中的用途 - Google Patents
仙人掌多糖提取物在制备治疗中枢神经系统损伤药物中的用途 Download PDFInfo
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- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
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- A61K36/33—Cactaceae (Cactus family), e.g. pricklypear or Cereus
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- A61K2236/33—Extraction of the material involving extraction with hydrophilic solvents, e.g. lower alcohols, esters or ketones
- A61K2236/331—Extraction of the material involving extraction with hydrophilic solvents, e.g. lower alcohols, esters or ketones using water, e.g. cold water, infusion, tea, steam distillation or decoction
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Abstract
本发明公开了仙人掌多糖提取物在制备治疗中枢神经系统损伤药物中的新用途。细胞增殖实验检测发现,仙人掌多糖提取物可促进神经元细胞增殖,减轻甲基苯丙胺引起的神经元损伤;能改善甲基苯丙胺引起的小鼠神经行为障碍以及学习记忆障碍,减少神经元丢失,并增加神经生长因子(BDNF)的表达。因此仙人掌多糖提取物对神经元损伤具有很好的保护作用,可用于中枢神经系统损伤的治疗。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及仙人掌多糖提取物的用途,尤其是在制备治疗中枢神经系统损伤药物中的用途,本发明还涉及仙人掌多糖提取物的制备方法。
背景技术
神经元又称神经细胞,是构成神经系统结构和功能的基本单位,有接受、整合和传递信息的功能。人类多种中枢神经系统疾病的病理改变都包括神经元的损伤、丢失、坏死和凋亡。通过减少神经元损伤和丢失、抑制神经元凋亡来保护神经元,是治疗中枢神经系统损伤疾病的一个重要方向。
近年来,毒品造成的神经元损伤逐渐引起研究者的关注。长期吸食“合成毒品”如甲基苯丙胺(MA)等会导致滥用者思维联想松散,逻辑性差,并出现偏执观念或妄想,同时伴有严重的焦虑、抑郁情绪,滥用者往往容易在幻觉妄想和抑郁情绪的支配下出现自杀或杀人等暴力行为。毒品滥用能诱导小鼠多部位的神经元固缩、水样变性、凋亡、坏死等多种超微结构病理改变,诱导脑神经元轴突、树突及突触均有不同程度的水样变性、退行性变性、髓鞘板层分离、断裂等改变。以上研究均证明滥用毒品可以引起中枢神经系统的神经元发生病理性损伤,进而影响中枢神经系统功能。因此寻找对神经元损伤具保护作用的物质已成为研究的热点。
多糖是生物体内普遍存在的一类大分子物质,广泛参与细胞的各种生理活动的调节。研究表明多糖具有抗肿瘤、抗氧化、抗炎、免疫调节的药理作用,也有文献报道多糖对中枢神经损伤的保护作用,例如山药多糖对缺氧/复氧性神经细胞具有保护作用,可以抑制细胞凋亡,巴戟甲多糖对β淀粉样蛋白致神经元细胞损伤模型有保护作用,可通过激活脑能量代谢、改善胆碱能系统损伤防治老年痴呆症。大量研究表明多糖能在多条途径,多个层面对中枢神经损伤起到保护作用。
但是,多糖组成极为复杂,它由无数个分子量不同的组成。植物种类不同,多糖的成分和活性就不同,即使是相同的植物,提取得到的多糖分子量范围不同,活性也会有很大的差异,如袁振林等研究表明只有分子量在20000左右的枸杞多糖对S180肉瘤和Lewis肺癌才有较好的疗效。马亚丽等则证明与粗多糖和其它级分相比,油菜花粉多糖50-100kD组分具有最好的生物活性,其抗氧化和免疫调节最强。宁宛灵等的研究表明在提高免疫力方面,龙眼多糖分子量82102组分>36693组分>10524组分>3018组分,而在抗氧化方面,分子量10524组分>3018组分>36693组分>82102组分。这些研究表明不同分子量的多糖可能发挥完全不同的药理作用。
米邦塔仙人掌是1998年我国农业部从墨西哥引进的食用仙人掌,含有多糖、黄酮、甾醇、果胶等多种活性成分,其中的多糖是主要有效成分之一,目前还没有文献报道米邦塔仙人掌多糖对中枢神经系统损伤尤其是毒品导致的脑组织损伤具有保护作用。
发明内容
本发明的目的提供一种仙人掌多糖提取物在制备治疗中枢神经系统损伤药物中的新用途,本发明另一目的是提供一种仙人掌多糖提取物的制备方法。
申请人以合成毒品甲基苯丙胺诱导的脑损伤为例,研究仙人掌多糖提取物对中枢神经系统损伤的保护作用,结果如下:
(1)通过细胞增殖实验,检测发现仙人掌多糖可以促进细胞增殖,可减轻甲基苯丙胺引起的神经元损伤。
(2)神经行为学评分发现,甲基苯丙胺组小鼠有明显的神经行为学障碍,Morris水迷宫检测模型组小鼠学习记忆能力受损,组织学观察模型组小鼠皮层组织结构异常,神经生长因子(BDNF)的表达下降,仙人掌多糖治疗后能改善甲基苯丙胺引起的神经行为学障碍和学习记忆障碍,减少神经元丢失,并增加BDNF的表达。
申请人还发现,仙人掌多糖治疗中枢神经系统损伤的效果与多糖的制备方法和分子量大小有一定关系,按以下方法制备的仙人掌多糖提取物活性最强,该方法的步骤如下:
(1)将仙人掌洗净,切片,干燥后粉碎成细粉,用非极性有机溶剂脱脂、脱色素,然后晾干;
(2)向晾干后的仙人掌细粉中按重量加入20~30倍pH为2~5的缓冲液,然后再向混合溶液中加入占重量0.1~0.5%的纤维素酶和/或0.5~1%的果胶酶,充分搅拌,30~60℃水浴1~5h后,灭酶,离心,将溶液浓缩成清膏,然后向清膏中加入50~100U/ml的蛋白酶,在室温下震摇0.5~2h,灭酶,离心,取上清液;
(3)向上清液中加入乙醇,使乙醇占总体积的60~90%,醇沉后将沉淀干燥,得粗多糖;
(4)将粗多糖用水溶解,用孔径为0.2~1.2μm的陶瓷微滤膜过滤,滤液上琼脂糖凝胶色谱柱进行层析分离,用0.5~1.8mol/L的NaCl溶液梯度洗脱,分别收集三个单一峰组分,透析脱盐后,冷冻干燥,即得。
优选地,所述仙人掌为米邦塔仙人掌。
优选地,步骤1)中所述的非极性有机溶剂为石油醚、正己烷、环己烷、苯、四氯化碳。
优选地,步骤2)中,向混合溶液中加入占重量0.3%的纤维素酶和0.7%的果胶酶。
优选地,所述陶瓷微滤膜的孔径为0.45μm。
优选地,步骤4)中所述的琼脂糖凝胶色谱柱为DEAE-SepharoseCL-6B柱。
优选地,步骤4)中,所述NaCl溶液的浓度为0.6-1mol/L。
试验证明,在获得三个多糖提取物组分中,MAP2组分即平均分子量为4.46×104~5.91×104的组分活性最强。
本发明疗效确切,由于是天然产物,因此副作用少,安全可靠;所提供的制备方法产品收率高,活性成分含量高。
附图说明
图1为实施例1中的MAP1组分对PC-12细胞增殖的影响。
图2为实施例1中的MAP2组分对PC-12细胞增殖的影响。
图3为实施例1中的MAP3组分对PC-12细胞增殖的影响。
图4是仙人掌多糖对对甲基苯丙胺染毒大鼠海马BDNF表达的影响。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图及实施例对本发明作进一步详述,需要说明的是,这些实施例仅用来说明本发明,并不限制其范围。
实施例1仙人掌多糖提取物的制备
(1)将米邦塔仙人掌洗净,切片,干燥后粉碎成细粉,过60目筛,向细粉中加入2倍重量的石油醚,水浴回流2h,过滤,弃去滤液,将粉末晾干。
(2)向晾干后的粉末中按重量加入25倍pH为3.5的磷酸氢二钠-柠檬酸缓冲液,然后再加入占混合溶液总重量0.3%的纤维素酶和0.7%的果胶酶,充分搅拌,酶解,40℃水浴2h后,沸水浴10min使酶灭活,离心,将溶液浓缩成清膏,然后向清膏中加入80U/ml的蛋白酶,在室温下震摇0.5h,然后加热到100℃使酶灭活,冷却到室温后,离心,取上清液;
(3)向上清液中加入乙醇,使乙醇占总体积的80%,搅拌后静置过夜,醇沉后抽滤,将沉淀干燥,得粗多糖;
(4)将粗多糖用5倍重量的水溶解,用孔径为0.45μm的陶瓷微滤膜过滤,滤液上DEAE-SepharoseCL-6B柱(26x300),进行层析分离,用1mol/L的NaCl溶液梯度洗脱,洗脱流速为36ml/h,检测洗脱流份(苯酚-硫酸法,紫外A490),分别收集三个单一峰组分MAP1、MAP2、MAP3,透析脱盐后,冷冻干燥,即得。
各多糖组分的收率(各组分占投料药材的比例):MAP1、MAP2、MAP3的收率分别为6.05%、5.81%、6.34%。
各多糖组分的分子量测定:取一定量的MAP1,用0.05mol/LNaH2PO4-Na2HPO4缓冲液(pH6.7,加0.05%NaN3)溶解,经0.45μm滤膜滤过,进行凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)分析。同时取Mr为738、5800、1.22×104、4.8×104、1.0×105、1.86×105、3.8×105、8.53×105的多糖对照品,通过以上方法进行GPC分析并制作标准曲线。根据样品的出峰时间在标准曲线上求得多糖峰的平均Mr及其分布,根据峰面积归一化求得各多糖组分的相对质量分数,并计算出分子量。
GPC色谱条件:TSK-GELG3000SWXL色谱柱(300mm×7.8mm),柱温35℃;流动相:0.05mol/LNaH2PO4-Na2HPO4缓冲液(pH6.7,加0.05%NaN3);体积流量:0.5ml/min;示差折光检测器,恒温35℃;进样量:20ml。
MAP2和MAP3分子量检测方法与MAP1相同。
经检测,MAP1、MAP2和MAP3的平均分子量分别为2.42×103、5.62×104和2.18×105。
实施例2
米邦塔仙人掌多糖提取物的制备方法,其步骤如下:
(1)将米邦塔仙人掌洗净,切片,干燥后粉碎成细粉,向细粉中加入3倍重量的正己烷,水浴回流1h,过滤,弃去滤液,将脱脂、脱色素后的粉末晾干。
(2)向晾干后的米邦塔仙人掌细粉中按重量加入20倍pH为2的磷酸氢二钠-柠檬酸缓冲液,然后再加入占混合溶液总重量1%的果胶酶,充分搅拌,30℃水浴5h后,沸水浴20min灭酶,离心,将溶液浓缩成清膏,然后向清膏中加入100U/ml的蛋白酶,在室温下震摇2h,然后加热煮沸使酶灭活,离心,取上清液;
(3)向上清液中加入乙醇,使乙醇占总体积的60%,搅拌后静置过夜、醇沉,然后将沉淀干燥,得粗多糖;
(4)将粗多糖用3倍重量的水溶解,用孔径为0.2μm的陶瓷微滤膜过滤,滤液上DEAE-SepharoseCL-6B柱(26x300),进行层析分离,用1.8mol/L的NaCl溶液梯度洗脱,洗脱流速为36ml/h,检测洗脱流份(苯酚-硫酸法,紫外A490),分别收集三个单一峰组分MAP1、MAP2、MAP3,透析脱盐后,冷冻干燥,即得。
各多糖组分的收率:MAP1、MAP2、MAP3的收率分别为4.08%、3.48%、4.60%。
经检测,MAP1、MAP2和MAP3的平均分子量分别为2.62×103、4.46×104和2.58×105。
实施例3
米邦塔仙人掌多糖提取物的制备方法,其步骤如下:
(1)将米邦塔仙人掌洗净,切片,干燥后粉碎成细粉,用环己烷脱脂、脱色素,然后晾干;
(2)向晾干后的米邦塔仙人掌细粉中按重量加入30倍pH为5的磷酸氢二钠-柠檬酸缓冲液,然后再加入占混合溶液总重量0.5%的纤维素酶,充分搅拌,60℃水浴1h后,灭酶,离心,将溶液浓缩成清膏,然后向清膏中加入50U/ml的蛋白酶,在室温下震摇0.5h,灭酶,离心,取上清液;
(3)向上清液中加入乙醇,使乙醇占总体积的90%,搅拌后静置过夜、醇沉,然后将沉淀干燥,得粗多糖;
(4)将粗多糖用水溶解,用孔径为1.2μm的陶瓷微滤膜过滤,滤液上DEAE-SepharoseCL-6B柱(26x300),进行层析分离,用0.5mol/L的NaCl溶液梯度洗脱,分别收集三个单一峰组分MAP1、MAP2、MAP3,透析脱盐后,冷冻干燥,即得。
各多糖组分的收率:MAP1、MAP2、MAP3的收率分别为5.51%、4.91%、5.13%。
经检测,MAP1、MAP2和MAP3的平均分子量分别为2.18×103、5.91×104和2.87×105。
试验例
下面通过细胞和动物实验来验证仙人掌多糖提取物的功能,试验对象是实施例1获得多糖提取物,需要说明的是,实施例2和3也可采用相同的方法进行验证并取得相似的效果,以此类推,采用其它方法获得的仙人掌多糖提取物也能具有相似的效果。
试验例1仙人掌多糖提取物对PC-12细胞增殖的影响
实验方法:
大鼠嗜铬神经细胞瘤PC-12细胞购自中国科学院上海生命科学研究院细胞资源中心,用完全培养基(含10%FBS和100U青链霉素溶液的RPMI-1640培养基)于37℃、5%CO2饱和湿度培养。
取对数生长期的PC-12细胞,0.25%胰蛋白酶消化,用完全培养基吹打,制备成单个细胞悬液,将细胞浓度调整为1×105个/ml,接种于96孔板中,100μl/孔,置于5%CO2、37℃培养箱中培养24h。根据实验需求分为10组,分别给与0,0.78,1.56,3.12,6.25,12.5,25,50,100和200μg/ml的实施例1中的仙人掌多糖MAP1处理,每个浓度设置6个复孔,37℃继续培养24h,同时设立空白孔。处理结束后吸弃上清,用无菌PBS洗涤3次,每孔加入90μl完全培养基,再加入10μl的无菌MTT(终浓度5mg/ml)溶液,置于培养箱中继续培养4h。培养结束后小心吸弃上清,每孔加入150μl二甲基亚砜(DMSO),振荡器振荡10min,使紫色结晶完全溶解,酶标仪570nm波长检测吸光度值(A),按下面公式计算各组细胞的存活率T/C(%):T/C(%)=(A样品组-A空白组)/(A对照组-A空白组)×100%。
实施例1中的MAP2和MAP3的实验方法与MAP1相同。
实验结果:如图1、2、3所示,三种分子量的米邦塔仙人掌多糖在0.78~200μg/ml范围内均无细胞毒性,且可以促进PC-12细胞增殖,其中MAP2效果最佳,MAP2处理组细胞存活率最高达184.2±12.4%。
试验例2仙人掌多糖对甲基苯丙胺(MA)所致PC-12细胞损伤的保护作用
实验方法:
取对数生长期的PC-12细胞,0.25%胰蛋白酶消化,用完全培养基吹打,制备成单个细胞悬液,将细胞浓度调整为1×105个/ml,接种于96孔板中,100μl/孔,置于5%CO2、37℃培养箱中培养24h。根据实验需求分为7组:正常对照组、3mmol/lMA处理组、12.5μg/mlMAP1+MA处理组、25μg/mlMAP1+MA处理组、50μg/mlMAP1+MA处理组、100μg/mlMAP1+MA处理组和200μg/mlMAP1+MA处理组。然后按上述分组分别加入不同浓度的受试物,每个浓度设置6个复孔,37℃继续培养,同时设立空白孔。处理结束后吸弃上清,用无菌PBS洗涤3次,每孔加入90μl完全培养基,再加入10μl的无菌MTT(终浓度5mg/ml)溶液,置于培养箱中继续培4h。培养结束后小心吸弃上清,每孔加入150μl二甲基亚砜(DMSO),振荡器振荡10min,使紫色结晶完全溶解,酶标仪570nm波长检测吸光度值(A),计算各组细胞的存活率。
实施例1中的MAP2和MAP3的实验方法与MAP1相同。
结果:MAP1、MAP2和MAP3均可减轻MA引起的神经元损伤,以MAP2效果最佳。
表1MAP1对MA损伤PC-12细胞的保护作用
表2MAP2对MA损伤PC-12细胞的保护作用
注:*与3mmol/lMA处理组相比,P<0.05,**与3mmol/lMA处理组相比,P<0.01。
表3MAP3对MA损伤PC-12细胞的保护作用
注:*与3mmol/lMA处理组相比,P<0.05。
试验例3仙人掌多糖对甲基苯丙胺染毒大鼠脑损伤的保护作用
实验方法:
(1)动物分组大鼠与处理
SD雄性大鼠,体重180~220g,饲养于恒温空调SPF级动物房。12h光暗交替循环,保持自由饮水及进食。将大鼠随机分为6组大鼠,每组大鼠10只大鼠,分别为正常对照组、MA损伤组、阳性对照组、MAP2低剂量组:MA+MAP2100mg/kg、MAP2中剂量组:MA+MAP2200mg/kg、MAP2高剂量组:MA+MAP2400mg/kg。
第一周,正常对照组大鼠腹腔注射生理盐水,其余各组大鼠腹腔注射5mg/kgMA,正常对照组大鼠和MA组大鼠灌胃生理盐水,MAP2低剂量组大鼠灌胃MAP2100mg/kg,中剂量组大鼠灌胃200mg/kg,高剂量组大鼠灌胃400mg/kg,阳性对照组大鼠采用市售的仙人掌多糖提取物灌胃,剂量为400mg/kg,每天腹腔注射和灌胃各一次,持续一周。
从第二周开始,正常对照组大鼠和MA组大鼠灌胃生理盐水,MAP2低剂量组大鼠灌胃MAP2100mg/kg,中剂量组大鼠灌胃200mg/kg,高剂量组大鼠灌胃400mg/kg,阳性对照组大鼠灌胃400mg/kg仙人掌多糖,每天一次,持续三周。
(2)大鼠空间学习和记忆能力检测
实验结束后,利用Morris水迷宫对大鼠学习记忆能力进行检测。基本方法如下:Morris水迷宫为一个不锈钢的圆桶形水池,直径为120cm,高36cm,水池壁标明东、西、南、北4个入水点,及根据水迷宫软件在水迷宫圆桶边界标出4个象限的分界点以及第一、三、四象限的中间点。将一直径约为6cm的平台固定于第二象限正中央的位置。加水至平台隐没在水平面下1cm。每只大鼠游泳轨迹通过安装在水迷宫顶部的摄像机采集输入追踪系统,实时记录大鼠在水面的位置、逃逸潜伏期(搜索目标所需时间)、运动轨迹、游泳速度等运动相关信息。
(3)大鼠海马BDNF表达水平检测
实验结束后,分别取每组大鼠各4只断头取脑,迅速于冰上分离海马。将海马组织用0.4ml冰冷匀浆缓冲液(Tris-HCl50mmol/L,PH7.4,NaCl150mmol/L,0.5%TritonX-100,edeticacid1mmol/L,phenylmethylsulfonyfluoride1mol/L,抑肽酶5mg/L),在冰浴下制成匀浆,14,000g4℃离心30min。收集上清用作总蛋白。采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳,分离胶浓度为8%,pH8.8,浓缩胶浓度为5%,pH6.8。电泳结束后将蛋白质从聚丙烯酰胺凝胶转膜到硝酸纤维素膜,将膜置于含5%脱脂奶粉的TBS缓冲液中4℃过夜,加入BDNF单克隆兔抗鼠抗体(1:500)室温孵育2h。TBS洗膜后,将膜用辣根过氧化物酶标记羊抗兔二抗室温下孵育1h,TBS洗膜后,将化学发光剂和增强剂按1:1混合后,滴加到硝酸纤维素膜上,通过化学发光成像系统捕获图像。
(4)形态学检测
深度麻醉各组大鼠,透心灌注取脑(冰冷的生理盐水及4%多聚甲醛),4%多聚甲醛4℃固定过夜,取出脑,4%多聚甲醛4℃外固定,脱水后石蜡包埋,选择前囟后3mm和4.5mm处作等距离的冠状切片,片厚5μm,HE染色后于光镜下观察。
结果:
(1)仙人掌多糖对甲基苯丙胺染毒大鼠空间学习和记忆能力的影响
正常对照组大鼠寻找平台的时间经过前4天的训练后,大鼠找到平台时间明显缩短,MA组大鼠寻找平台的时间明显大于正常组大鼠,MAP2各剂量组大鼠第5天的寻找平台的时间明显缩短,目标性也明显增强。学习训练结束时正常对照组大鼠潜伏期为14.45±4.3s,MA组大鼠潜伏期为44.8±5.03s,MAP2低、中、高组大鼠潜伏期分别为42.12±9.49s,26.47±3.75s,20.03±6.91s,阳性对照组大鼠潜伏期为36.05±6.59s。MAP2中、高剂量组大鼠与MA组大鼠比较潜伏期均有显著性缩短(P<0.05),但低剂量MAP2组大鼠和阳性对照组大鼠与MA组大鼠比较有缩短趋势,但无统计学差异(P>0.05)。
(2)仙人掌多糖对甲基苯丙胺染毒大鼠海马BDNF蛋白表达变化的影响
免疫印迹结果显示大鼠海马组织BDNF蛋白表达量变化的情况,MA组大鼠BDNF蛋白表达量低于正常对照组大鼠,阳性对照组大鼠、MAP2低、中、高剂量组大鼠BDNF蛋白表达量均有所上调,且MAP2高剂量组大鼠与MA组大鼠相比显著性升高(P<0.05)。
(3)仙人掌多糖对甲基苯丙胺染毒大鼠皮层形态学变化的影响
HE染色可用于检验甲基苯丙胺导致脑组织损伤的病理学改变。MA组大鼠皮层组织的形态学改变明显:神经细胞丢失、核染色变深、神经胶质增生、核固缩等。MAP2(100mg/kg,200mg/kg,400mg/kg)治疗后小鼠会显著减轻上述形态学改变,说明其对甲基苯丙胺导致脑组织损伤具有保护作用。
Claims (9)
1.仙人掌多糖提取物在制备治疗中枢神经系统损伤药物中的用途。
2.如权利要求1所述的用途,其特征在于:所述中枢神经系统损伤是由毒品或精神活性物质导致的脑组织损伤。
3.一种仙人掌多糖提取物的制备方法,其特征在于包括以下步骤:
(1)将仙人掌洗净,切片,干燥后粉碎成细粉,用非极性有机溶剂脱脂、脱色素,然后晾干;
(2)向晾干后的仙人掌细粉中按重量加入20~30倍pH为2~5的缓冲液,然后再向混合溶液中加入占重量0.1~0.5%的纤维素酶和/或0.5~1%的果胶酶,充分搅拌,30~60℃水浴1~5h后,灭酶,离心,将溶液浓缩成清膏,然后向清膏中加入50~100U/ml的蛋白酶,在室温下震摇0.5~2h,灭酶,离心,取上清液;
(3)向上清液中加入乙醇,使乙醇占总体积的60~90%,醇沉后将沉淀干燥,得粗多糖;
(4)将粗多糖用水溶解,用孔径为0.2~1.2μm的陶瓷微滤膜过滤,滤液上琼脂糖凝胶色谱柱进行层析分离,用0.5~1.8mol/L的NaCl溶液梯度洗脱,分别收集三个单一峰组分,透析脱盐后,冷冻干燥,即得。
4.如权利要求3所述的仙人掌多糖提取物的制备方法,其特征在于:所述仙人掌为米邦塔仙人掌。
5.如权利要求3所述的仙人掌多糖提取物的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤1)中所述的非极性有机溶剂为石油醚、正己烷、环己烷、苯、四氯化碳。
6.如权利要求3所述的仙人掌多糖提取物的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤2)中,向混合溶液中加入占重量0.3%的纤维素酶和0.7%的果胶酶。
7.如权利要求3所述的仙人掌多糖提取物的制备方法,其特征在于:所述陶瓷微滤膜的孔径为0.45μm。
8.如权利要求3所述的仙人掌多糖提取物的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤4)中所述的琼脂糖凝胶色谱柱为DEAE-SepharoseCL-6B柱。
9.如权利要求3所述的仙人掌多糖提取物的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤4)中,所述NaCl溶液的浓度为0.6-1mol/L。
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CN111766365A (zh) * | 2020-06-05 | 2020-10-13 | 西南林业大学 | 一种检测农药污染物对蚯蚓神经毒性的试验装置及方法 |
CN111766365B (zh) * | 2020-06-05 | 2024-06-04 | 西南林业大学 | 一种检测农药污染物对蚯蚓神经毒性的试验装置及方法 |
CN113662958A (zh) * | 2021-09-01 | 2021-11-19 | 山西国润制药有限公司 | 灵孢多糖在制备治疗中枢神经系统损伤药物中的应用及其制备方法 |
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