CN1057327C - 清洁组合物 - Google Patents

清洁组合物 Download PDF

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CN1057327C
CN1057327C CN94191743A CN94191743A CN1057327C CN 1057327 C CN1057327 C CN 1057327C CN 94191743 A CN94191743 A CN 94191743A CN 94191743 A CN94191743 A CN 94191743A CN 1057327 C CN1057327 C CN 1057327C
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composition
weight
oil
acid
alkyl
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克里斯托弗·D·莱希
温迪·V·J·理查森
罗兰·P·杜克
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Proctor And Gambar
Procter and Gamble Co
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Abstract

个人清洁产品,它含有:(a)约5%-50%(重量)的一种或多种表面活性剂,它们选自阴离子、两性离子和/或两性表面活性剂及其混合物;(b)约0.1%-20%(重量)的可溶的或可分散的非离子表面活性剂,它们选自乙氧基化的动植物油和脂肪及其混合物;(c)约1.5%-10%(重量)的柠檬酸或水溶性柠檬酸盐及其混合物;(d)多达约3%(重量)的香料或化妆品油;和(e)水。该清洁产品具有极好的柔和性、调理性、稳定性、发泡性和可漂洗性。

Description

清洁组合物
技术领域
本发明涉及清洁组合物。尤其是,本发明涉及具有良好皮肤感觉及发泡性能的个人清洁组合物,该组合物适用于同时清洁和调理皮肤和/或头发,并且可以以例如泡沫浴制剂、淋浴产品、皮肤清洁剂、手、脸和身体清洁剂、香波等形式使用。
本发明的背景技术
温和型化妆品组合物必须符合许多标准,包括清洁效力、发泡性能、温和性/低刺激性以及对皮肤、头发和眼粘膜的良好感觉。皮肤由几层细胞组成,它包覆着和保护着角蛋白和胶原纤维蛋白,后者构成了其结构骨架。最外面的一层称为角质层,已知是由被80埃厚的细胞层包围的250埃蛋白束而构成。头发也类似地具有包覆并围绕头发纤维的保护外层,称为护膜。阴离子表面活性剂可以透过角质层和护膜,通过脱脂作用而破坏膜的完整性。这种对皮肤和头发保护膜的干扰会导致皮肤粗糙并刺激眼睛,并且最终使表面活性剂与角蛋白和头发蛋白发生反应,产生刺激性,并且丧失屏障和水保留功能。
理想的化妆品清洁剂应该温和地清洁皮肤或头发,而不会使头发和皮肤脱脂和/或干燥,也不会刺激眼粘膜或者在频繁使用后使皮肤紧绷。大多数发泡皂、淋浴和沐浴产品、香波和块状洗涤剂在这方面存在缺陷。
已知某些合成表面活性剂是柔和的。但是,大多数柔和型合成表面活性剂体系的主要缺陷是:当其配制成香波或个人清洁产品时,与最高级香波和块状皂标准相比,其发泡性能不良。因此,那些最柔和的表面活性剂如月桂烷基甘油基醚磺酸钠,(AGS)是处于发泡边缘。另一方面,如果使用已知的高泡沫阴离子表面活性剂和泡沫增强剂,可以产生可接受的泡沫体积和质量,但是要以损害临床上皮肤的柔和性为代价。这两个事实使得对表面活性剂的选择,兼具发泡和柔和性质的制剂的制备成为精密的平衡工作。
尽管盥洗工业对个人清洁用品付出多年的研究,但是许多消费者对当今清洁组合物的柔和性仍不满意,例如,他们在使用淋浴或沐浴制剂后不得不在皮肤上使用另外的化妆露液或乳液增湿剂,以保护皮肤柔软并结合水份,并且阻碍清洁剂的脱脂作用。
目前已经发现了一种在使用时及使用后均有较好的皮肤感觉及较好产品稳定性的个人清洁组合物,该组合物通过某种油衍生的非离子表面活性剂与水溶性柠檬酸盐类相结合使用而形成的。
因此需要这样一种个人清洁产品,该产品不会使皮肤脱水或者使皮肤失去弹性,并且在洗去和漂洗掉该产品后赋予皮肤一定的调理作用(这种效能以前仅仅是由另外的清洁后化妆品润湿剂提供的)并能产生稳定的和高质量的泡沫,以利于皮肤和头发的清洗,具有良好的可漂洗特性,同时有稳定的产品和粘度特性,以及在长时间和在恶劣的贮藏温度条件下完全保持稳定。
本发明的概要
本发明的主题是温和、发泡的清洁产品,该产品适用于皮肤或头发的个人清洁,并且可以用作泡沫浴和淋浴产品,皮肤清洁剂和香波等。根据本发明的一个方面,提供了一种洗涤剂及个人清洁或化妆品组合物,该组合物包括:
(a)约5%-50%(重量)的一种或多种选自阴离子、两性离子和/或两性表面活性剂及其混合物的表面活性剂;
(b)约0.1%-20%(重量)的可溶的或可分散的非离子表面活性剂,它们选自乙氧基化的动植物油和脂肪;
(c)约1.5%-10%(重量)的柠檬酸或水溶性柠檬酸盐或其混合物;
(d)至多约3%(重量)的香料或化妆品油;以及
(e)水。
在特别优选的实施例中,本发明采取发泡的清洁组合物形式,它具有极好的皮肤感觉特性,改善觉察到的皮肤干燥及紧绷状态,并且具有极好的发泡性,良好的稳定性,良好的清洁能力及调理作用。
除非另外指明,本文中所有的浓度和比例均以清洁组合物的重量计。除非另外指明,表面活性剂的链长度也是以重均链长度为基础计算。
本发明的清洁组合物以柠檬酸盐和柔和表面活性剂的组合为基础,这些表面活性剂通常可以选自阴离子的、两性的和两性离子的表面活性剂及其混合物,连同某些由动植物油和脂肪衍生的非离子表面活性剂。表面活性剂(包括阴离子、油衍生的非离子的、两性离子的、两性的及其它表面活性剂成分)的总量优选为约5-约60%,更优选为约8-约40%,特别优选为约10-约35%(重量)。该组合物优选地含有阴离子的和两性离子的和/或两性的表面活性剂的混合物。阴离子表面活性剂和两性离子的和/或两性表面活性剂各自的含量通常为该组合物重量的约1-15%,优选的为约2-13%,同时油衍生的非离子表面活性剂的含量优选的约2-16%,更优选的约3-12%(重量)。阴离子的、两性的和两性离子的表面活性剂成分的总量优选的为组合物重量的约5-50%。更优选约8-35%,特别优选约10-30%。阴离子表面活性剂与两性离子的和/或两性表面活性剂的重量比通常为约1∶2至约6∶1。在本发明范围内的其它合适的组合物包括阴离子和两性离子和/或两性表面活性剂与一种或多种辅助的非离子表面活性剂或其混合物形成的混合物。辅助的非离子表面活性剂的含量为该组合物重量的约0.1-20%,在本发明的范围内另外合适的组合物包括由油衍生的非离子表面活性剂、化妆品油和阴离子、两性离子和/或两性表面活性剂的混合物,其中化妆品油的含量至多占组合物重量的3%左右,油衍生的非离子表面活性剂与化妆品油的重量比是至少1∶2。根据本发明的组合物,也包括柠檬酸或水溶性的柠檬酸盐或其混合物,其含量占组合物重量的约1.5-10%,其中油衍生的非离子表面活性剂与柠檬酸或其水溶性盐的重量比优选的为约1∶2至约3∶1,油衍生的非离子表面活性剂和柠檬酸/酸盐的总量占组合物重量的约2.5-10%。
适用于本发明组合物的阴离子表面活性剂通常被描述为柔和的合成清洁表面活性剂,包括乙氧基化烷基硫酸盐、烷基甘油基醚磺酸盐、甲基脂酰基牛磺酸盐(taurates)、脂肪酰基甘氨酸盐、N-酰基谷氨酸盐、脂酰基羟乙磺酸盐、烷基硫代琥珀酸盐、α-磺化脂肪酸及其盐和/或其酯、烷基乙氧基羧酸盐、烷基磷酸酯、乙氧基化烷基磷酸酯、脂酰基肌氨酸盐和脂肪酸/蛋白质缩合物,及其混合物。这些表面活性剂的烷基和/或脂酰基链长度为C8-C22,优选的为C10-C18
从使柔和性和发泡特性最佳化的观点出发,优选用于本发明的是1mol高级脂肪醇与约1-12mol环氧乙烷的反应产物的硫酸酯的盐,钠和镁是优选的抗衡离子。特别优选的是含有约2-6mol、优选2-4mol环氧乙烷的烷基硫酸盐,例如月桂基醚-2(laureth-2)硫酸钠和月桂基醚-3硫酸钠以及月桂基醚-3,6硫酸镁钠。在优选的实施方案中,阴离子表面活性剂至少含有约50%、特别是至少约75%(重量)的乙氧基化烷基硫酸盐。
适用于本发明组合物还含有两性表面活性剂。适用于本发明组合物的两性表面活性剂包括:
(a)式(I)的咪唑啉鎓表面活性剂
其中R1是C7-C22烷基或链烯基,R2是氢或CH2Z,每个Z独立地为CO2M或CH2CO2M,并且M是H、碱金属、碱土金属、铵或链烷醇铵;和/或式(II)的铵衍生物
其中R1、R2和Z如上所定义;
(b)式(III)的氨基链烷酸盐
             R1NH(CH2)nCO2M
和式(IV)的亚氨基二链烷酸盐
             R1N[(CH2)mCO2M]2
其中n和m是1-4的数值,R1和M独立地选自上述定义的基团;和
(c)其混合物。
合适的(a)型两性表面活性剂以商品名Miranol和Empigen出售,并且应该理解为包括其复合混合物。尽管CTFA Cosmetic IngredientDictionary(第4版)表明了各种Miranols的非环结构II,但是通常将其描述为具有通式I的结构。实际上,可能存在环和非环结构的复合混合物,并且为了完整起见,本文给出了两种定义。但是,优选用于本发明的是非环结构的两性表面活性剂。
合适的(a)型两性表面活性剂的实例包括式I和/或式II化合物,其中R1是C8H17(特别是异辛基)、C9H19和C11H23烷基。特别优选的是其中R1是C9H19、Z是CO2M并且R2是H的化合物;其中R1是C11H23、Z是CO2M并且R2是CH2CO2M的化合物;以及其中R1是C11H23、Z是CO2M并且R2是H的化合物。
在CTFA命名法中,优选用于本发明的物质包括椰子两性羧基丙酸盐、椰子两性羧基丙酸,以及特别是椰子两性乙酸盐和椰子两性二乙酸盐(也称为椰子两性羧基甘氨酸盐),具体的市售产品包括以下列商品名出售的:Empigen CDL 60和CDR 60(Albright &Wilson).Miranol H2M Conc,Miranol C2M Conc.N.P.,MiranolC2M Conc.O.P.,Miranol C2M SF,Miranol CM Special(Rhone-Poulenc);Alkateric 2CIB(Alkaril Chemicals);AmphotergeW-2(Lonza,Inc.);Monateric CDX-38,Monateric CSH-32(Mona Industries);Rewoteric AM-2C(Rewo Chemical Group);和Schercotic MS-2(Scher Chemicals)。
应该理解,许多市售的这类两性表面活性剂是以与下列成分的电中性复合物的形式制造和销售的,所述成分是:氢氧抗衡离子或者阴离子硫酸盐或磺酸盐表面活性剂,特别是硫酸化的C8-C18醇、C8-C18乙氧基化的醇或C8-C18酰基甘油。但是,从柔和性和产品稳定性的观点出发,优选的是该组合物基本不含有(非乙氧基化)的硫酸化醇表面活性剂。还需要注意的是,在本文中,两性表面活性剂的浓度和重量比是以未复合形式的表面活性剂为基而计算的,任何阴离子表面活性剂的抗衡离子被认为是整个阴离子表面活性剂成分含量的一部分。
合适的(b)型两性表面活性剂的实例包括盐,特别是三乙醇铵盐和N-月桂基-β-氨基丙酸和N-月桂基-亚氨基-二丙酸的盐。这类原料由Henkel公司以商品名Deriphat出售,以及由Rhone-Poule-nc公司以商品名Mirataine出售。但是,优选用于本发明的两性表面活性剂是式I和/或式II所示的那些。
本发明组合物还含有约0.1-20%、优选的约1-15%、更优选的约2-10%(重量)的油衍生的非离子表面活性剂或油衍生的非离子表面活性剂的混合物。在根据本发明的组合物中,油衍生的非离子表面活性剂对其在使用时或使用后,皮肤感觉的改善有重量作用。用于本发明的合适的油衍生的非离子表面活性剂可以选自以下物质:水溶性的植物和动物衍生的润滑剂,如,具有多醇链插入的三酸甘油酯;乙氧基化的单酸甘油酯和甘油二酯,多乙氧基化的羊毛脂和牛油树脂衍生物。用于本发明的一类优选的油衍生的非离子表面活性剂具有通式(V):
Figure C9419174300131
其中n是约5-200、优选的约20-100、更优选的约30-85的数值,其中R是具有平均约5-20、优选约9-18个碳原子的脂肪族基团。
适用于本发明的乙氧基化的油和脂肪包括下列物质的聚乙二醇衍生物:椰酸(cocoate)甘油酯、己酸甘油酯、辛酸甘油酯、牛油酸(tallowate)甘油酯、棕榈酸甘油酯、硬脂酸甘油酯、月桂酸甘油酯、油酸甘油酯、蓖麻醇酸甘油酯,以及从三酸甘油酯衍生的甘油脂肪族酯,例如棕榈油、杏仁油和玉米油,优选的牛油酸甘油酯和椰酸甘油酯。
合适的此类表面活性剂是下列市售产品:Crodo Inc.(NewYork,USA)的Crovol系列产品,如Crovol EP 40(PEG 20均匀的樱草甘油酯)、Crovol EP 70(PEG 60均匀的樱草甘油酯)、CrovolA-40(PEG 20杏仁甘油酯)、Crovol A-70(PEG 60杏仁甘油酯)、Crovol M-40(PEG 20玉米甘油酯)、Crovol  M-70(PEG 60玉米甘油酯)、Crovol PK-40(PEG 12棕榈仁甘油酯)和Crovol PK-70(PEG 45棕榈仁甘油酯),以及Solan系列表面活性剂,如Solan E、E50和X的多乙氧基化的羊毛脂。特别适宜的此类表面活性剂还包括下列市售产品:Sherex Chemical Co.(Dublin,Ohio,USA)的Varonic LI系列的表面活性剂。它们包括,例如Varonic LI 48(聚乙二醇(n=80)牛油酸甘油酯,也可称作PEG 80牛油酸甘油酯)、Varonic LI 2(PEG 28牛油酸甘油酯)、Varonic LI 420(PEG200牛油酸甘油酸)和Varonic LI 63和67(PEG 30和PEG 80椰酸甘油酯)。其它适合于本发明的水溶性植物衍生的润肤剂是玉米油、鳄梨油和巴巴苏油的PEG衍生物。
从牛油树(Butyrospermum Karkii Kotschy)的果实提取的复合植物脂肪油衍生的非离子表面活性剂及其衍生物也适用于本发明。这种植物油已熟知称为牛油树脂,在中非被广泛地应用在许多方面,如制肥皂及遮盖霜,并以Sederma(78610 Le Perray En Yvelines,France)商品名出售。由Karlshamm Chemical Co.(Columbos,Ohio,USA)以Lipex系列化学品出售的牛油树脂的乙氧基化的衍生物,如Lipex 102 E-75(牛油树脂乙氧基化的单酸、二酸甘油酯)也可用于本发明。同样地,芒果、可可和Illipe油脂的乙氧基化衍生物也可用于本发明的组合物。尽管这些表面活性剂被归为乙氧基化的非离子表面活性剂,但应该理解,它可以作为非乙氧基化的植物油或脂肪以特定的比例存在。
其它合适的油衍生的非离子表面活性剂包括下列物质的乙氧基化衍生物:杏仁油、花生油、麦胚油、亚麻子油、霍霍巴(jojoba)油、杏核油、胡桃油、棕榈仁油、阿月浑子仁油、芝麻仁油、油菜子油、杜松油、玉米油、桃核油、罂粟子油、松油、蓖麻油、豆油、鳄梨油、红花油、椰油、榛子油、橄榄油、葡萄子油和葵花子油。
从柔和性和皮肤感觉特性最佳化的观点出发,更优选用于本发明的油衍生的非离子表面活性剂是PEG 60均匀的樱草三酸甘油酯;PEG 55羊毛脂多乙氧基化的衍生物和牛油树脂乙氧基化的衍生物。
除上述油衍生的非离子表面活性剂以外,本发明的组合物还含有约0.1-20%、优选的约0.1-10%、更优选的约1-8%(重量)的辅助非离子表面活性剂。这一类表面活性剂包括C12-C14脂肪酸单和双乙醇酰胺、蔗糖聚酯表面活性剂和式(VI)所示的多羟基脂肪酸酰胺表面活性剂,
优选的多羟基脂肪酸酰胺表面活性剂是,其中R9是C1-4烷基,优选为甲基,和R8是C7-C19烷基或链烯基,更优选的是直链的C9-C17烷基或链烯基或其混合物;Z2是具有直链烃基链的多羟基烃基,并至少有3个羟基直接连接在所述链上,或是其烷氧基化的衍生物(优选乙氧基化或丙氧基化衍生物)。Z2优选的可在还原胺化反应中由还原糖得到;更优选的Z2为糖醇基(glucityl)。合适的还原糖包括葡萄糖、果糖、麦芽糖、乳糖、半乳糖、甘露糖和木糖。作为原料,高葡萄糖含量的谷物糖浆、高果糖含量的谷物糖浆以及高麦芽糖含量的谷物糖浆都可以和上述单糖一样使用。这些谷物糖浆可以产生Z2的混合糖成分。应该理解,这并不意味着排除其它合适的原料。Z2优选地选自下列基团:-CH2(CHOH)n-CH2OH、-CH(CH2OH)-(CHOH)n-1-CH2OH、-CH2(CHOH)2(CHOR′)-(CHOH)-CH2OH,其中n是3至5的整数,R′是H或环单糖或脂肪族单糖及其烷基氧基化衍生物。最优选的是其中n是4的糖醇基,特别是-CH2-(CHOH)4-CH2OH。
最优选的多羟基脂肪酸酰胺具有通式R8(CO)N(CH3)CH2(CHOH)4-CH2OH,其中R8是C11-C17链烷基或链烯基。
本发明的组合物还优选地含有约0.1-20%、更优选约0.1-10%、特别优选约1-8%的两性离子表面活性剂。
适用于本发明组合物的甜菜碱表面活性剂包括式R5R6R7N+(CH2)nM(VII)的烷基甜菜碱和式(VIII)的酰氨基甜菜碱,
Figure C9419174300161
其中R5是C12-C22烷基或链烯基,R6和R7独立地为C1-C3烷基,M是H、碱金属、碱土金属、铵或链烷醇铵,n、m各为1-4的数值。优选的甜菜碱包括椰子酰氨基丙基二甲基羧基甲基甜菜碱和月桂烷基酰氨基丙基二甲基羧基甲基甜菜碱以及Tego甜菜碱。
本发明的组合物的另一类必需成分是含有约1.5-10%、优选的约2-8%(重量)、更优选的是约2-6%(重量)的柠檬酸或水溶性柠檬酸盐或其混合物,优选的是Na、K、NH4盐。柠檬酸盐在与由油衍生的非离子表面活性剂相结合时,对提供改善的物理和粘度特性以及改善皮肤感觉都是很重要的。
本发明的组合物中还包括至多约3%(重量)的不溶性香料或化妆品油或蜡或其混合物,其中所述的油或蜡是不溶的,意指在25℃温度下,在产品基质中是不溶的。这些油或蜡的加入可使本发明的个人清洁组合物具有润滑、柔和和可漂洗特性。但是,本发明组合物的特点是该组合物具有极好的润滑性、柔和性,并具有理想的物理特性(澄明度等)它基本不含油,即它含有少于约1%、优选少于约0.5%(重量)的加入油相。实际上,本发明优选的组合物是呈光学澄清的溶液或微滴乳状液。在包括加入的香料或化妆品油或蜡的组合物中,油衍生的非离子表面活性剂与加入油的重量比至少是约1∶2,优选约至少3∶1。
适用于本发明的不溶性化妆品和蜡可以选自下列物质:包括非挥发性聚烷基和聚芳基硅氧烷胶和流体的水不溶性硅酮,挥发性环性和线性聚烷基硅氧烷,聚烷氧基化硅酮,氨基和季铵修饰的硅酮,刚性交联的和增强的硅酮及其混合物,C8-C30脂肪酸的C1-C24酯如肉豆蔻酸异丙酯和蓖麻醇酸鲸蜡酯、蜂蜡、饱和与不饱和脂肪醇如二十二醇,诸如矿物油、石油和角鲨烯的烃,脂肪族脱水山梨醇酯(参见US-A-3988255,Seiden,1976年10月26日出版),羊毛脂及油状的羊毛脂衍生物,动物和植物的三酸甘油酯如杏仁油、花生油、麦胚油、亚麻子油、霍霍巴(jojoba)油、杏核油、胡桃油、棕榈仁油、阿月浑子仁油、芝麻子油、油菜子油、杜松油、玉米油、桃核油、罂粟子油、松油、蓖麻油、豆油、鳄梨油、红花油、椰油、榛子油、橄榄油、葡萄子油和葵花子油,以及二聚物酸和三聚物酸的C1-C24酯例如二聚物的(dimerate)二异丙酯、二异硬脂酰苹果酸酯(diisostearylmalate)、二聚物的二异硬脂酸酯(diisostearyldi-merate)和三聚物的三异硬脂酸酯(triisostearyltrimerate)。
本发明的组合物中还可能含有约0.01-5%优选的约0.04-2%、特别优选的约0.05-1%(重量)的阳离子的或非离子聚合物的皮肤或头发调理剂。已经发现,所述的聚合物对于加强乳脂性和提高泡沫质量以及提供头发和皮肤的调理效用是有价值的。
适合的聚合物是高分子量物质(质量平均分子量通常为约2,000至约3,000,000,优选约5,000至约1,000,000,该分子量是通过例如光散射测定的)。
合适的聚合物是适用于化妆品领域的阳离子、非离子、两性和阴离子聚合物。优选的是适用于化妆品领域的、作为头发或皮肤调理剂的阳离子和非离子聚合物。
有代表性的一类聚合物包括阳离子和非离子多糖;由丙烯酸和/或甲基丙烯酸衍生的阳离子和非离子均聚物和共聚物;阳离子和非离子纤维树脂;氯化二甲基二烯丙基铵和丙烯酸的阳离子共聚物;氯化二甲基二烯丙基铵的阳离子均聚物;阳离子的聚亚烷基亚胺和乙氧基聚亚烷基亚胺;季铵化的硅酮及其混合物。
适用于本发明的阳离子聚合物的实例包括下列物质:阳离子瓜尔胶,例如以商品名Jaguar C-14-S(RTM)、Jaguar C-17(RTM)和Jaguar C-16(RTM)出售的羟丙基三甲基铵瓜尔胶(d.S.为0.11-0.22),除了上述阳离子基团外,它还含有羟丙基取代基(d.S.为0.8-1.1),以及以产品名Ucare Polymer JR和Celquat出售的季铵化的纤维素醚。其它适合的阳离子聚合物有下列物质:以商品名Merquat 100出售的氯化二甲基二烯丙基铵的均聚物,分别以商品名Merquat 550和Merquat S出售的氨基乙基甲基丙烯酸二甲酯与丙烯酰胺的共聚物和氯化二甲基二烯丙基铵与丙烯酰胺的共聚物,以商品名Gafquat出售的氨基醇的季铵化吡咯烷酮丙烯酸乙烯酯或吡咯烷酮甲基丙烯酸乙烯酯共聚物,和聚亚烷基亚胺如聚乙烯亚胺和乙氧基化聚乙烯亚胺。
适用于本发明的阴离子表面活性剂包括下列物质:由B FGoodrich以商品名Prmulen TR1和PEmulen TR2出售的疏水性修饰过的具有两亲性性质的丙烯酸的交联聚合物;由B F Goodrich以商标Carbopol出售的羧基乙烯基聚合物,它包括丙烯酸与聚烯丙基蔗糖或聚烯丙基季戊四醇交联的聚合物,例如Carbopol 934、940和950。
最终组合物的粘度(Brookfield RVT,Spindle 5,50rpm,25℃,纯的)优选约至少500厘泊,更优选约1,000至约10,000厘泊,特别优选约2,000至约6,000厘泊。
该清洁组合物可以任选地包括可溶于清洁组合物基质中的头发和皮肤湿润剂。优选的润湿剂含量为约0.5-20%(重量)。在优选的实施方案中,润湿剂选自:
1、水溶性液体多元醇;
2、在皮肤角质层中天然存在的必需氨基酸化合物;
3、水溶性非多元醇非吸留物(nonocclusives)及其混合物。
更优选的非吸留的润湿剂的实例是:甘油、聚乙二醇、丙二醇、山梨醇、甲基葡萄糖的聚乙二醇醚和丙二醇醚(例如甲基glucam-20),羊毛脂醇的聚乙二醇醚和丙二醇醚(例如Solulan-75),吡咯烷酮羧酸钠、乳酸、尿素、L-脯氨酸、胍、吡咯烷酮、水解蛋白和其它胶原衍生的蛋白、库拉索芦荟胶(aloe vera gel)和乙酰胺MEA及其混合物。其中最优选的是甘油。
可以向清洁组合物中加入许多其它的任选材料。这些材料包括蛋白质和多肽及其衍生物;水溶性或可加溶的防腐剂如DMDM乙内酰胺、Germall 115、羟基苯甲酸甲酯、羟基苯甲酸乙酯、羟基苯甲酸丙酯和羟基苯甲酸丁酯、EDTA、Euxyl(RTM)K400、Bronopol(2-溴-2-硝基丙烷-1,3-二醇)、苯甲酸钠和2-苯氧基乙醇;其它的润湿剂如透明质酸、壳多糖、和淀粉接枝的聚丙烯酸钠如Sanwet(RTM)IM-1000,IM-1500和IM-2500(由Celanese SuperabsorbentMaterials,Portsmith,VA,USA出售,并且描述于US-A-4,076,663中);溶剂如己二醇和丙二醇;抗菌剂如Oxeco(苯氧基异丙醇);低温相改良剂如铵离子源(例如氯化铵);粘度控制剂如硫酸镁和其它电解质;着色剂;珠光剂和遮光剂如乙二醇二硬脂酸酯、二氧化钛(TiO2)和涂覆二氧化钛的云母;香料和香料稳定剂;沸石如Valfour BV 400及其衍生物和Ca2+/Mg2+螯合剂如聚羧酸酯、氨基聚羧酸酯、多磷酸酯、聚膦酸酯、氨基聚膦酸酯和葡糖酸酯等。本发明组合物中还含有约45-92%、优选至少约60%(重量)的水。
该组合物的pH优选为约4-8。
通过下列非限制性实施例说明本发明。
在这些实施例中,所有浓度均是以100%活性为基础的,缩写符号的定义如下:两性表面活性剂        Empigen CDL 60-23.5%椰子两性乙酸盐
                  (其中R1是椰子烷基、R2是H、Z是CO2Na)
                  和1.35%椰子两性二乙酸盐(其中R1
                  椰子烷基、R2是CH2CO2Na、Z是CO2Na)的
                  含水混合物。阴离子表面活性剂1     月桂基醚-2-硫酸钠阴离子表面活性剂2     月桂基醚-3,6-硫酸镁钠Solan                 Solan(RTM)E(PEG 55羊毛脂)Shea                  水溶性的牛油树脂(PEG 75)Grovol                Crovol(RTM)EP 70(PEG 60均匀的樱
                 草三酸甘油酯)GA                   其中R8是C11-17烷基、R9是甲基、Z2
                 CH2(CHOH)4CH2OH的式VII多羟基脂肪酸
                 酰胺DEA                  椰子二乙醇酰胺甜菜碱               椰子酰氨基丙基二甲基羧基甲基甜菜碱聚合物               与表面氯醇反应的Polymer JR-400-羟
                 乙基纤维素,并用三甲胺季铵化,分子
                 量为4×106防腐剂               DMDM乙内酰胺珠光剂               乙二醇二硬脂酸酯/乳化剂混合物油                   霍霍巴油Softigen 767         PEG(6)/辛酸/癸酸甘油酯Mg                   七水合硫酸镁实施例I至VII
下列个人清洁组合物呈淋浴或沐浴泡沫产品形式,并且是本发明的代表:
          I       II     III     IV     V     VI     VII两性表面      -       3.0    -       5.0    -     5.0    5.0活性剂阴离子表      12.0    3.0    6.0     4.0    13.0  10.0   10.0面活性剂1阴离子表      -       9.0    4.0     6.0    -     -      -表活性剂2Solan         2.0     3.0    2.0     1.0    -     2.0    3.0Croval        2.0     -      1.0     -      -     3.0    1.0Shea          2.0     2.0    -       3.0    4.0   -      -GA            -       -      -       -      2.0   -      2.0DEA           -       -      -       -      -     -      1.0甜菜碱        4.0     2.0    3.0     -      3.0   2.5    2.0聚合物        -       0.1    -       0.2    -     -      0.2Softigen 767  -       -      -       -      -     1.0    -油            -       -      -       -      -     1.0    2.0防腐剂        0.15    0.15   0.15    0.15   0.15  0.2    0.2珠光剂        -       -      -       1.0    1.0   2.0    1.0香料          1.5     1.5    1.5     1.5    1.5   1.5    1.5甘油          -       -      -       -      -     -      3.0Mg            1.0     -      -       -      2.0   -      -柠檬酸钠      2.0     3.0    3.0     2.0    3.0   2.0   4.0水               -------------------到100---------------
通过下述方法制备组合物I至VII:在室温制备含有部分水、阴离子表面活性剂、两性表面活性剂和油产生的非离子表面活性剂以及剩余的水溶性、油不溶性成分的表面活性剂A相。在含有水不溶性成分的组合物中,由这些油溶性的成分制备油相B,在约40-70℃,将B相与A相混合并冷却至室温,然后加入剩余的水、防腐剂和香料。
该组合物的粘度(Brookfield RVT,Spindle 5,50rpm,25℃,纯的)为约1,000至1000,000厘泊。
该产品具有极好的使用和功效,包括柔和性、在使用和用后有良好的皮肤感觉、皮肤调理性、稳定性、清洁性、发泡性和可漂洗性。

Claims (18)

1、个人清洁组合物,该组合物含有:
(a)5%-50%重量的一种或多种选自阴离子、两性离子和/或两性表面活性剂及其混合物的表面活性剂;
(b)1-15%重量的可溶性或可分散的油衍生的非离子表面活性剂,所述油衍生的非离子表面活性剂含有一种或多种具有通式(V)的乙氧基化的油或脂,
Figure C9419174300021
其中n是5-200的数,R是具有平均为5-20个碳原子的脂族基团;
(c)2-6%重量的柠檬酸或水溶性柠檬酸盐或其混合物;以及
(d)至多3%重量的香料或化妆品油;以及
(e)水。
2、根据权利要求1的组合物,其中所述组合物的粘度为1,000至10,000厘泊。
3、根据权利要求2的组合物,该组合物含有3-12%重量的油衍生的非离子表面活性剂。
4、根据权利要求1的组合物,其中所述油衍生的非离子表面活性剂与柠檬酸或其水溶性盐的重量比为1∶2至3∶1。
5、根据权利要求1的组合物,其中所述油衍生的非离子表面活性剂和柠檬酸/酸盐的总量占组合物重量的2.5-10%。
6、根据权利要求1的组合物,该组合物含有阴离子和两性离子和/或两性表面活性剂的混合物。
7、根据权利要求6的组合物,该组合物中阴离子表面活性剂和两性离子和/或两性表面活性剂各自的含量为1-15%重量。
8、根据权利要求1的组合物,其中所述阴离子表面活性剂选自乙氧基化烷基硫酸盐、烷基甘油基醚磺酸盐、甲基脂酰基牛磺酸盐、脂肪酰基甘氨酸盐、烷基乙氧基羧酸盐、N-酰基谷氨酸盐、脂酰基羟乙磺酸盐、烷基硫代琥珀酸盐、α-磺化脂肪酸及其盐和/或其酯、烷基磷酸酯、乙氧基化烷基磷酸酯、脂酰基肌氨酸盐和脂肪酸/蛋白质缩合物,及其混合物。
9、根据权利要求8的组合物,其中阴离子表面活性剂包括乙氧基化的C8-C22烷基硫酸盐。
10、根据权利要求1的组合物,其中两性表面活性剂选自:
(a)式(I)的咪唑啉鎓衍生物
Figure C9419174300031
其中R1是C7-C22烷基或链烯基,R2是氢或CH2Z,每个Z独立地为CO2M或CH2CO2M,并且M是H、碱金属、碱土金属、铵或链烷醇铵;和/或式(II)的铵衍生物
Figure C9419174300041
其中R1、R2和Z如上所定义。
(b)式(III)的氨基链烷酸盐
               R1NH(CH2)nCO2M
和式(IV)的亚氨基二链烷酸盐
            R1N[(CH2)mCO2M]2
其中n和m是1-4的数值,R1和M独立地选自上述(a)中定义的基团;和
(c)其混合物。
11、根据权利要求10的组合物,其中两性表面活性剂选自式I的咪唑啉鎓衍生物和/或式II的铵衍生物。
12、根据权利要求1的组合物,其中阴离子表面活性剂与两性离子和/或两性表面活性剂的重量比为1∶2至6∶1。
13、根据权利要求1的组合物,其中所述阴离子表面活性剂、两性离子和/或两性表面活性剂的总量占组合物重量的10-30%。
14、根据权利要求1的组合物,该组合物还含有0.1-20%重量的辅助非离子表面活性剂,它选自C12-C14脂肪酸的单和二乙醇酰胺和多羟基脂肪酸酰胺表面活性剂及其混合物。
15、根据权利要求1的组合物,它以光学澄清的溶液或微滴乳状液的形式存在。
16、根据权利要求1的组合物,其中在存在化妆品油时,所述可溶性的非离子表面活性剂与化妆品油的重量比至少为1∶2。
17、根据权利要求1的组合物,该组合物还含有0.01-5%的阳离子或非离子聚合的皮肤或头发调理剂,它选自阳离子和非离子多糖;由丙烯酸和/或甲基丙烯酸衍生的阳离子的和非离子的均聚物和共聚物;阳离子和非离子纤维素树脂;氯化二甲基二烯丙基铵和丙烯酸的阳离子共聚物;氯化二甲基二烯丙基铵的阳离子均聚物;阳离子的聚亚烷基亚胺和乙氧基聚亚烷基亚胺;季铵化的硅酮,及其混合物。
18、根据权利要求1的组合物,它还含有润湿剂,所述润湿剂选自:甘油、聚乙二醇、丙二醇、山梨醇、甲基葡萄糖的聚乙二醇醚和聚丙二醇醚、吡咯烷酮羧酸钠、乳酸、L-脯氨酸及其混合物。
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GB9302710D0 (en) 1993-03-24
BR9405691A (pt) 1995-11-21
KR960701184A (ko) 1996-02-24
WO1994018292A1 (en) 1994-08-18
EP0684982B1 (en) 2002-08-28
CN1120851A (zh) 1996-04-17
ATE222945T1 (de) 2002-09-15
EP0684982A1 (en) 1995-12-06
EG20714A (en) 1999-12-29
EP0684982A4 (en) 1997-03-19
DE69431242D1 (de) 2002-10-02
CA2155766A1 (en) 1994-08-18
JPH08509753A (ja) 1996-10-15

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