CN105722658A - 用于冷却塑料型材的设备和方法 - Google Patents

用于冷却塑料型材的设备和方法 Download PDF

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CN105722658A
CN105722658A CN201480062720.9A CN201480062720A CN105722658A CN 105722658 A CN105722658 A CN 105722658A CN 201480062720 A CN201480062720 A CN 201480062720A CN 105722658 A CN105722658 A CN 105722658A
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W·塞德拉塞克
D·斯塔尼
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Cincinnati Extrusion GmbH
Battenfeld Cincinnati Austria GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/88—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling
    • B29C48/911—Cooling
    • B29C48/9115—Cooling of hollow articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/09—Articles with cross-sections having partially or fully enclosed cavities, e.g. pipes or channels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/09—Articles with cross-sections having partially or fully enclosed cavities, e.g. pipes or channels
    • B29C48/10—Articles with cross-sections having partially or fully enclosed cavities, e.g. pipes or channels flexible, e.g. blown foils
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/12—Articles with an irregular circumference when viewed in cross-section, e.g. window profiles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/256—Exchangeable extruder parts
    • B29C48/2566—Die parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/30—Extrusion nozzles or dies
    • B29C48/32—Extrusion nozzles or dies with annular openings, e.g. for forming tubular articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/78—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling
    • B29C48/86—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling at the nozzle zone
    • B29C48/87—Cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/88—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling
    • B29C48/90—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling with calibration or sizing, i.e. combined with fixing or setting of the final dimensions of the extruded article
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/88—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling
    • B29C48/911—Cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/88—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling
    • B29C48/90—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling with calibration or sizing, i.e. combined with fixing or setting of the final dimensions of the extruded article
    • B29C48/901—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling with calibration or sizing, i.e. combined with fixing or setting of the final dimensions of the extruded article of hollow bodies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/757—Moulds, cores, dies

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及用于提高挤出生产线的冷却功率和用于能效高地挤出塑料型材、特别是塑料管的设备和方法，其至少包括：一个挤出机(6)；一个使型材(6)成形的模具(2)，该模具至少包括一个内圈(2a)和一个外圈(2b)，其中，内圈(2a)与外圈(2b)利用接条(9)连接；一个校准装置以及另外的后续装置。

Description

用于冷却塑料型材的设备和方法
技术领域
本发明涉及用于提高挤出生产线的冷却功率和用于能效高地挤出塑料型材、特别是塑料管的设备，该设备至少包括：一个挤出机；使型材成形的模具，该模具至少包括一个内圈和一个外圈，其中，内圈与外圈以接条连接；一个校准装置以及另外的后续装置。本发明同样涉及一种与此相关的方法。
背景技术
现有技术中DE102008047211A1是众所周知的，其包括用于制造塑料型材、优选塑料管的挤出生产线，该挤出生产线至少包括：挤出机；模具；校准装置以及另外的后续装置，在该挤出生产线中，至少模具具有至少一个通孔，并且沿着挤出方向看在模具前设置有吸出装置，借助该吸出装置可交换塑料型材内部的空气。
这种通过吸气对型材的内部冷却提高了冷却功率或者缩短了冷却段。在DE102008047209A1中介绍了对模具中的塑料熔体的调温，以便在塑料型材的整个壁厚上尽可能均匀地将热量排出并且由此提高挤出生产线的冷却功率。
然而这要求始终将空气穿过模具的通孔和空心型材吸出以及使用对模具中的熔体进行调温的冷却介质。
发明内容
本发明的目的是：如下地进一步开发已知的设备，即，可以放弃模具中的通孔并且尽管如此此外还能够实现穿过型材内部的冷却。此外，应该提供一种与此相关的方法。
这个目的的关于设备的解决方案与权利要求1的前序部分相关地具有如下特征：将内圈与外圈连接的接条中的一个接条或多个接条具有一个通道，该通道构成在一方面用于冷却介质的入口区域与另一方面型材空腔之间的流体连接。
由此实现的是：可以放弃模具中的通孔，因为例如空气可以被从外圈起经由接条中的通道向着内圈吹到型材的空腔中并且然后被放出到环境中。原则上具有一个通道的一个接条就足够了，然而为了更好的熔体分配应该有两个或三个接条，其中，在每个接条中并非强制性地需要一个用于吹入冷却介质的通道。随着型材横截面的直径的增加，同样应该提高接条的数量。
根据改进方案，设置有多个具有通道的接条，其中，各接条设置在一个平面中。因此在垂直于挤出轴线剖开各接条时，所有的接条被剖开，这是因为它们位于一个平面中。这样可以通过一个比较简单的环形通道将个接条中的所有通道与一个吹风装置连接。
为了将更有效的冷却效果传递到挤出生产线上，也可以设置具有多个接条的多个平面或者将多个接条相继地设置在多个平面上。
各接条有益地对称分布在周边上。接条也可以相对挤出方向垂直地、扭转地和/或偏移地设置。根据应用领域可以在内圈与外圈之间设置支承环。
原则上也可以使用气态介质的流动方向相反的设备。在这种情况中，可以使用吸气装置取代吹风装置，并且上述吹风效果是吸气效果、或者对例如使用的空气的吹送应该理解为吸气。
涉及方法的目的与权利要求8的前序部分相关地通过如下方式得以实现：为了对型材进行内部冷却，将气态的介质沿着挤出方向吹送穿过挤出的塑料型材，其中，将气态的介质吹送穿过模具内的接条中的至少一个通道，其中，在气态的介质被放出到外界空气中之前附加地将其吹送穿过型材。
例如将空气穿过模具、经过设置在接条中的通道、穿过型材内部直到吹送到挤出生产线的端部并将其放出到环境中。
当然也可以将空气吹送穿过上面说明的设备的通道中的多个通道并且这样影响吹送功率、更确切地说影响空气穿过型材内部的流速。
如已经述及的那样，提出将空气用作气态的介质，然而也可以考虑使用其它合适的介质如经冷却的氮气等。
如已经述及的那样，所述设备也可以用于吸入气态的介质，这当然也类似地适用于要求权利保护的方法。那么将所述气态的介质抽吸穿过型材和穿过模具内部接条中的至少一个通道且然后将其放出到环境中。
附图说明
在附图中示意性地示出根据本发明的设备，附图中：
图1示出一种典型的挤出生产线；
图2示出具有挤出机和模具的局部区域；
图3示出模具的剖面。
具体实施方式
图1示出的是一种典型的挤出生产线，如它现今用于型材挤出、例如用于生产窗户型材或管材那样。它示出一种挤出机1，在该挤出机中使塑料熔化并且为了成形将其连续地输送到挤出模具2中。在其上连接有校准和/或冷却装置3。根据型材可以使用另外的冷却站。在冷却站后连接有抽取设备(Abzugsvorrichtung)4。为了将连续型材6切成所期望的长度，接着设置有分离设备5。所有部件顺着挤出轴线8延伸。利用箭头7标出挤出方向。为了吸入气态的介质11、在此为空气并且将吹送穿过该设施，在模具2上直接设置有通风机14。
图2示出的是具有挤出机1和模具2的局部区域，该模具使型材6、在此为塑料管在其借助图1所示后续装置校准并且硬化直到形状稳定为止之前成形。气态的介质11不仅被吹送穿过模具2而且被吹送穿过型材6的内部。气态的介质11、优选空气从模具2上的入口区域12起经过位于接条9中的通道10被吹送到型材6中、被输送穿过该型材的内部并且在型材6的端部上的出口区域13处被重新放出到环境中。再次借助箭头7标明挤出方向。
图3示出的是模具2的剖面，该剖面垂直于挤出轴线穿过接条9延伸并且只包括对说明本发明重要的部件。由于剖面垂直于挤出轴线8延伸，所以只能作为点看到该挤出轴线8。模具2围绕挤出轴线8地包括内圈2a和外圈2b。两个部件经由接条9、在此范例性地示出八个接条、相互连接。此外，在内圈2a与外圈2b之间设置有支承环2c，流过的熔体通过该支承环被进一步分配。然而支承环2c并不是强制性必要的。
所有八个接条设置在一个平面中并且各具有一个通道10。通道10在向着内圈2a的那侧上具有通向型材空腔的流体连接并且由此也具有通向环境的连接。在向着外圈2b的那侧上具有通向未示出的通风机14的流体连接。
附图标记列表
1挤出机
2挤出模具
2a内圈
2b外圈
2c支承环
3校准和/或冷却装置
4抽取设备
5分离设备
6型材
7挤出方向
8挤出轴线
9在2a与2b之间的接条
109中的通道
11气态的介质
12用于11的入口区域
13用于11的出口区域
14通风机

Claims (10)

1.用于提高挤出生产线的冷却功率和用于能效高地挤出塑料型材、特别是塑料管的设备，该设备包括至少：
一个挤出机(1)，
一个使型材(6)成形的模具(2)，该模具至少包括一个内圈(2a)和一个外圈(2b)，其中，内圈(2a)与外圈(2b)利用接条(9)连接，
一个校准装置(3)，
以及另外的后续装置(4，5)，
其特征在于：
将内圈(2a)与外圈(2b)连接的接条(9)中的一个或多个接条具有通道(10)，该通道(10)构成在一方面用于冷却介质的入口区域(12)与另一方面型材空腔之间的流体连接。
2.如权利要求1所述的设备，其特征在于：设置有多个具有通道(10)的接条(9)，其中，各接条(9)设置在一个平面内。
3.如权利要求2所述的设备，其特征在于：多个接条(9)设置在多个平面内。
4.如权利要求1至3之任一项所述的设备，其特征在于：接条(9)对称分布在周边上。
5.如前述权利要求之任一项所述的设备，其特征在于：接条(9)垂直于挤出方向(7)设置。
6.如前述权利要求之任一项所述的设备，其特征在于：接条(9)扭转地和/或偏移地设置。
7.如前述权利要求之任一项所述的设备，其特征在于：在内圈(2a)与外圈(2b)之间设置有支承环(2c)。
8.用于提高挤出生产线的冷却功率和用于能效高地挤出塑料型材、特别是塑料管的方法，该方法包括如下的步骤：
a)使塑料在挤出机(1)中熔化，
b)使塑料束成形并且将该塑料束输送向至少包括一个内圈(2a)和一个外圈(2b)的模具(2)，
c)借助模具(2)成形塑料型材，和
d)借助在冷却和/或校准装置(3)中对型材的冷却进行校准和硬化，
其特征在于：
为了对型材(6)进行内部冷却，将气态的介质(11)沿着挤出方向(14)吹送穿过挤出的塑料型材(6)，其中，
将所述气态的介质(11)吹送穿过模具(2)内部的接条(9)中的至少一个通道(10)，其中，
附加地将所述气态的介质(11)在它被放出到外界空气中前吹送穿过型材(6)。
9.如权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于：使用空气作为气态的介质。
10.如权利要求8或9所述的方法，其特征在于：穿过型材(6)和穿过模具(2)内部的接条(9)中的至少一个通道(10)吸入所述气态的介质(11)。
CN201480062720.9A 2013-10-14 2014-10-10 用于冷却塑料型材的设备和方法 Pending CN105722658A (zh)

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Cited By (3)

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CN111086147A (zh) * 2019-12-20 2020-05-01 薛家卫 一种实心发泡窗型材加工设备及其加工方法
CN113543956A (zh) * 2019-03-21 2021-10-22 克劳斯马菲技术有限公司 具有连续变化的叠片宽度的叠片块
CN114630744A (zh) * 2019-10-15 2022-06-14 巴顿菲尔-辛辛那提德国有限公司 用于挤出生产线的构件

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CN111086147A (zh) * 2019-12-20 2020-05-01 薛家卫 一种实心发泡窗型材加工设备及其加工方法

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