CN105714165A - 一种铝合金及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种铝合金及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052772 Samarium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052771 Terbium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052769 Ytterbium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003856 thermoforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/10—Alloys based on aluminium with zinc as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/053—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with zinc as the next major constituent
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Cell Electrode Carriers And Collectors (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种铝合金及其制备方法。该铝合金按重量百分比计,包括以下组分:Mg:1.21.5%,Si:1.11.2%,Zn:2.32.5%,Nb:0.050.08%,La:0.20.8%,Ce:0.20.7%,Tb:0.070.08%,Sm:0.10.4%,Li:0.81.1%,Re:0.10.2%,Yb:0.060.08%,其余为Al。该铝合金的制备方法主要包括均匀化处理、扒渣、覆盖、精炼、铸锭、退火、锻压、固溶处理、时效处理等。本发明的铝合金抗拉强度、屈服强度、伸长率δ和硬度等性能优良。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及合金领域技术,尤其涉及一种铝合金及其制备方法。
背景技术
铝合金具有密度小、比强度高、耐蚀性和成型性好、成本低等一系列优点,在航空、航天、船舶、核工业及兵器工业都有着广泛的应用前景及不可替代的地位,因而铝合金技术被列为国防科技关键技术及重点发展的基础技术。
CN104294115A公开了一种铝合金,所述铝合金按照重量百分比计包括:Si:0.35%;Cu:0.25%;Fe0.3%;Mg:1.5-2.0%;Ti:0.25%;余量为Al。该铝合金的力学性能及成型性能得以提升,且组织均匀、成分稳定。
CN104313403A公开了一种具有高强度优良切屑性能的铝合金,其特征是配方比例按重量百分比计如下:Si:0.55%~0.6%;Mg:0.55%~0.62%;Mn:0.02%~0.05%;Cu:0.05%~0.1%;Ti:0.02%~0.04%;Fe:0.2%~0.25%;Bi:0.02%~0.05%,余量为铝;将铝锭熔化后经过扒渣、配合金、精炼、静置、铸造、均质化、挤压和人工时效得到产品具有高强度优良切屑性能的铝合金。该发明通过合金成分配比和生产工艺控制等手段,使该合金棒材的机械性能可达抗拉强度≥280MPa,规定非比例延伸强度≥250MPa,延伸率A≥10%,HV硬度可达98~108,大大提高了材料的切屑性能。
CN104264019A公开了一种可焊耐蚀的铝合金,包括以下重量百分比的合金成分:0.95~1.05%Mg;0.67~0.72%Mn;0.15~0.23%Cr;0.75~0.82%Si;0.005~0.2%Fe;0.38~0.45%Cu;<0.1%Zn;<0.1%Ti;余量为Al。该可焊耐蚀的铝合金具有良好热成型性、抗蚀性、疲劳性能、韧性和焊接性能。
发明内容
本发明为了解决现有技术的问题,提供了一种性能优良的铝合金。
本发明所述的一种铝合金,按重量百分比计,包括以下组分:Mg:1.2-1.5%,Si:1.1-1.2%,Zn:2.3-2.5%,Nb:0.05-0.08%,La:0.2-0.8%,Ce:0.2-0.7%,Tb:0.07-0.08%,Sm:0.1-0.4%,Li:0.8-1.1%,Re:0.1-0.2%,Yb:0.06-0.08%,其余为Al。
进一步,各组分的重量百分比为:Mg:1.3%,Si:1.1%,Zn:2.5%,Nb:0.07%,La:0.3%,Ce:0.5%,Tb:0.07%,Sm:0.3%,Li:0.9%,Re:0.1%,Yb:0.06%,其余为Al。
上述铝合金的制备方法如下:
1)将重量百分比为:Mg:1.2-1.5%,Si:1.1-1.2%,Zn:2.3-2.5%,Nb:0.05-0.08%,La:0.2-0.8%,Ce:0.2-0.7%,Tb:0.07-0.08%,Sm:0.1-0.4%,Li:0.8-1.1%,Re:0.1-0.2%,Yb:0.06-0.08%,其余为Al的铝合金铸锭均匀化热处理:温度为590-600℃,时间为5小时;
2)均匀化热处理后进行搅拌与扒渣,用干燥的CaCl2、NaCl和KCl混合卤化物进行覆盖,精炼,浇铸成锭,其中,CaCl2、NaCl和KCl的重量比为1:2:2;
3)对浇铸成锭铝合金进行500~510℃退火,时间为20小时,530℃预热后进行锻压加工,在580℃进行固溶处理,然后进行时效处理。
由于采用了上述技术方案,本发明与现有技术相比具有如下有益效果:本发明的铝合金性能满足:抗拉强度σb=320~360Mpa、屈服强度≥223MPa、伸长率δ≥23%、HV硬度为112~116。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实例对本发明做出详细说明。
实施例1:
一种铝合金,按重量百分比计,包括以下组分:Mg:1.2%,Si:1.1%,Zn:2.4%,Nb:0.07%,La:0.8%,Ce:0.5%,Tb:0.07%,Sm:0.3%,Li:1.1%,Re:0.1%,Yb:0.07%,其余为Al。
该铝合金性能满足:抗拉强度σb=330Mpa、屈服强度为225MPa、伸长率δ为24%、HV硬度为112。
实施例2:
一种铝合金,按重量百分比计,包括以下组分:Mg:1.5%,Si:1.2%,Zn:2.5%,Nb:0.08%,La:0.8%,Ce:0.6%,Tb:0.07%,Sm:0.4%,Li:1.0%,Re:0.2%,Yb:0.08%,其余为Al。
该铝合金性能满足:抗拉强度σb=335Mpa、屈服强度为227MPa、伸长率δ为25%、HV硬度为113。
实施例3:
一种铝合金,按重量百分比计,包括以下组分:Mg:1.3%,Si:1.1%,Zn:2.5%,Nb:0.07%,La:0.3%,Ce:0.5%,Tb:0.07%,Sm:0.3%,Li:0.9%,Re:0.1%,Yb:0.06%,其余为Al。
该铝合金性能满足:抗拉强度σb=336Mpa、屈服强度为228MPa、伸长率δ为25%、HV硬度为116。
实施例4:
一种铝合金的制备方法,步骤如下:
1)将重量百分比为:Mg:1.3%,Si:1.1%,Zn:2.5%,Nb:0.07%,La:0.3%,Ce:0.5%,Tb:0.07%,Sm:0.3%,Li:0.9%,Re:0.1%,Yb:0.06%,其余为Al的铝合金铸锭均匀化热处理:温度为600℃,时间为5小时;
2)均匀化处理后进行搅拌与扒渣,用干燥的CaCl2、NaCl和KCl混合卤化物进行覆盖,精炼,浇铸成锭,其中,CaCl2、NaCl和KCl的重量比为1:2:2;
3)对浇铸成锭铝合金进行510℃退火,时间为20小时,530℃预热后进行锻压加工,在580℃进行固溶处理,然后进行时效处理。
Claims (3)
1.一种铝合金,其特征在于,按重量百分比计,包括以下组分:Mg:1.2-1.5%,Si:1.1-1.2%,Zn:2.3-2.5%,Nb:0.05-0.08%,La:0.2-0.8%,Ce:0.2-0.7%,Tb:0.07-0.08%,Sm:0.1-0.4%,Li:0.8-1.1%,Re:0.1-0.2%,Yb:0.06-0.08%,其余为Al。
2.根据权利要求1所述的铝合金,其特征在于,各组分的重量百分比为:Mg:1.3%,Si:1.1%,Zn:2.5%,Nb:0.07%,La:0.3%,Ce:0.5%,Tb:0.07%,Sm:0.3%,Li:0.9%,Re:0.1%,Yb:0.06%,其余为Al。
3.一种铝合金的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤如下:
1)将重量百分比为:Mg:1.2-1.5%,Si:1.1-1.2%,Zn:2.3-2.5%,Nb:0.05-0.08%,La:0.2-0.8%,Ce:0.2-0.7%,Tb:0.07-0.08%,Sm:0.1-0.4%,Li:0.8-1.1%,Re:0.1-0.2%,Yb:0.06-0.08%,其余为Al的铝合金铸锭均匀化热处理,温度为590-600℃,时间为5小时;
2)均匀化热处理后进行搅拌与扒渣,用干燥的CaCl2、NaCl和KCl混合卤化物进行覆盖,精炼,浇铸成锭,其中,CaCl2、NaCl和KCl的重量比为1:2:2;
3)对浇铸成锭铝合金进行500~510℃退火,时间为20小时,530℃预热后进行锻压加工,在580℃进行固溶处理,然后进行时效处理。
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Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN103468982A (zh) * | 2013-08-12 | 2013-12-25 | 安徽环宇铝业有限公司 | 一种含镨超高强铝合金型材的生产工艺 |
CN103667824A (zh) * | 2013-12-03 | 2014-03-26 | 广东永利坚铝业有限公司 | 一种超高强度、淬火敏感性低、可焊接的铝合金及生产工艺和型材加工方法 |
CN103667827A (zh) * | 2014-01-16 | 2014-03-26 | 张霞 | 一种铝合金板材及其制备方法 |
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CN103468982A (zh) * | 2013-08-12 | 2013-12-25 | 安徽环宇铝业有限公司 | 一种含镨超高强铝合金型材的生产工艺 |
CN103667824A (zh) * | 2013-12-03 | 2014-03-26 | 广东永利坚铝业有限公司 | 一种超高强度、淬火敏感性低、可焊接的铝合金及生产工艺和型材加工方法 |
CN103667827A (zh) * | 2014-01-16 | 2014-03-26 | 张霞 | 一种铝合金板材及其制备方法 |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
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潘锦华: "稀土金属对铸造铝合金的变质作用", 《航天工艺》 * |
黄伯云等主编: "《中国材料工程大典.第4卷.有色金属材料工程.上》", 31 August 2005, 化学工程出版社 * |
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