CN1057094A - 内燃机用喷射装置 - Google Patents
内燃机用喷射装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1057094A CN1057094A CN91103869A CN91103869A CN1057094A CN 1057094 A CN1057094 A CN 1057094A CN 91103869 A CN91103869 A CN 91103869A CN 91103869 A CN91103869 A CN 91103869A CN 1057094 A CN1057094 A CN 1057094A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- fuel
- spray
- atomizer
- main injection
- awl
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009897 systematic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M45/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship
- F02M45/02—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship with each cyclic delivery being separated into two or more parts
- F02M45/04—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship with each cyclic delivery being separated into two or more parts with a small initial part, e.g. initial part for partial load and initial and main part for full load
- F02M45/08—Injectors peculiar thereto
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
- F02M61/1806—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for characterised by the arrangement of discharge orifices, e.g. orientation or size
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
- F02M61/1806—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for characterised by the arrangement of discharge orifices, e.g. orientation or size
- F02M61/1833—Discharge orifices having changing cross sections, e.g. being divergent
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
- F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
- Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
- High-Pressure Fuel Injection Pump Control (AREA)
Abstract
柴油机用燃料喷射装置,包括有预喷射与主喷射
两种雾化器,后者上的雾化孔数比前者上的多一倍,
而这些预喷射与主喷射雾化孔则分别设在第一与第
二锥上,这两种锥的相对位置、各个锥的角度以及这
些锥上之孔的轴线取向应选择成:在明显地处于主喷
射喷嘴平长度的区域中,各预喷射喷嘴到相关联的两
个主喷射喷嘴间的距离需最小化并需相等。
Description
本发明涉及一种喷射装置,它用于内燃机上,更具体地说,它用于这样一种柴油机上,此种喷射装置采用了一种主喷射燃料和一种可能与之不同的预喷射燃料。
在这类柴油机中应用自动着火本领差的燃料(十六烷值低的燃料)会导致柴油机低的速度与低的负载,因而用能自动着火的燃料来取代这种自动着火本领差的燃料是有利的。但这特别会显著地增加柴油机的用费。
为了克服上述缺点,业已知道为此种柴油机装配上自动着火本领高的燃料用的预喷射装置,而这样的预喷射是用在柴油机的性能不允许低十六烷值的燃料能进行良好燃烧的情况下的。上述这类装置例如有美国专利4612898号中所描述的那种,它有一个燃烧室、若干用来喷射自动着火本领低的主燃料的喷管、以及一根用于自动着火本领高的燃料的辅助喷管。然而,周知由这类系统以自动着火本领低的燃料来保证前述性能则是不充分的。
有关的问题可以表述为:
负载高的柴油机,当采用自动着火本领低的燃料而能较好运行时,它的性能才应该是令人满意的。
要是这种柴油机的负载持续下降那就得在其燃烧良好时额外喷射以自动着火本领高但价昂的碳氢燃料。
本发明之目的在于实现一种喷射装置,其中,从经济上考虑,得以在预喷射用的燃料量可能已经很少之前,最大限度地推迟必须预喷射那种自动着火本领高的燃料的时刻。本发明之目的即在于提出一种喷射装置,它使得采用自动着火本领低的燃料的柴油机,能更好地发挥其性能。
本发明是针对一种用于内燃机,特别是用于柴油机的燃料喷射装置的,此种喷射装置包括有两个集中在同一腔体内或分处于两独立腔体中的雾化器,一个用于燃料的预喷射,另一个用于燃料的主喷射,这两种燃料同或不同,上述两雾化相互毗邻,位于汽缸盖中央的邻区,以相等或不等的距离通过雾化孔供应燃料并各有开关进行控制,此种喷射装置的特征在于:前述预喷射雾化器包括有一列孔,后者的轴线设在一第一锥上,而前述主喷射雾化器包括的一列孔其数目为上述一列孔数的两倍,它们的轴线则设在一第二锥上,这两种锥的相对位置、各个锥的角度以及这些锥上之孔的轴线取向应选择成:在明显地处于主喷射喷嘴一半长度的区域中,各预喷射喷嘴到相关联的两个主喷射喷嘴间的距离需最小化并需显著相等。
按照本发明的另一特征,此预喷射雾化器的孔在其喷出燃料的方向上包括一个柱形部和一个平截锥形部,此平截锥形部的扩口部位于燃烧室的旁侧,而此平截锥形部的长度较其壁厚的80%为小。
借助以下的说明和所附的图能更好地理解本发明。
图1为示意图,阐明了此预喷射喷嘴与主喷射喷嘴在燃烧室内的配置。
图2为一示意性透视图,阐明了主喷嘴与预喷嘴的相对布置。
图3为预喷射雾化器的部分剖面图。
图1示明了装备有本发明之装置的内燃机燃烧室1沿横向截取一半的剖面图。在此燃烧室中央的邻区示意地表明一主喷射雾化器2和一预喷射雾化器3。此主喷射雾化器设有一系列的孔,它们的轴线4a、5a、6a与7a按一角度A等间距的分隔开;而预喷射雾化器也设有一系列的孔,各孔的轴线8a、9a以角度B等间距的分开。主喷射雾化器的孔数是预喷射雾化器之孔数的两倍。
运行时,在主喷射情形下燃料是以4b、5b、6b与7b示意的喷嘴形式喷射。上述两列孔的相对取向以及其上设有前述孔之轴线的锥体角度被选择成,使喷嘴8b和9b间的距离最小化,同时使区域4c、5c、6c与7c显著地位于所述主喷射喷嘴长度的一半处,如图2中所清楚表明的那样。
可以根据燃烧室的尺寸按有利条件来增加或减少喷雾孔的数目,但在预喷雾孔与主喷雾孔二者的数目间,始终得保持1∶2的比例。
图3是与轴线8a相应之孔准直的预喷射雾化器之壁部的部分剖面图。根据本发明,此孔由两部分组成,接在柱形部10下在燃料排出方向上的是一锥形部11,后者的扩口朝向燃烧室。此锥形部的存在,可使分配于角度为C的锥筒内之燃料比以单一的柱形孔来分配时,雾化得更好。按照本发明来分布预喷射喷射喷嘴和主喷射喷嘴,并结合利用平截锥形预喷雾孔,当把一种自动着火本领低的燃料同时供预喷射和主喷射用时,就能使因采用单一的上述燃料而导致低负载与低速度的性能得到改善。在以单一的一种燃料所实现的性能达到极限时,便可以方便地利用自动着火本领高的燃料进行预喷射。
喷射时最好利用集中位于同一腔体中的两个雾化器器例如可以按照美国专利号4524737中所述方式。
Claims (2)
1、一种用于内燃机,特别是用于柴油机的燃料喷射装置,它包括有两个集中在同一腔体内或分处于两独立腔体中的雾化器,一个用于燃料的预喷射,另一个用于燃料的主喷射,这两种燃料同或不同,上述两雾化器相互毗邻,位于汽缸盖中央的邻区,以相等或不等的距离通过雾化孔供应燃料并各有开关进行控制,此种喷射装置的特征在于:前述预喷射雾化器(3)包括有一列孔,这些孔的轴线(8a、9a)位于一第一锥上,而前述主喷射雾化器(2)包括的一列孔其数目为前述这列孔数的两倍,后一列孔的轴线(4a、5a、6a、7a)则设在一第二锥上,这两种锥的相对位置、各个锥的角度以及这些锥上之孔的轴线取向应选择成:在明显地处于主喷嘴一半长度的区域中,各预喷射喷嘴到相关联的两个主喷射喷嘴间的距离需最小化并需显著相等。
2、如权利要求1所述的一种燃料喷射装置,特征在于:上述预喷射雾化器(3)的孔在其喷出燃料的方向上包括一个柱形部(10)和一个平截锥形部(11),此平截锥形部的扩口部位于燃烧室的旁侧,而此平截锥形部的长度较其壁厚的80%为小。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9007097 | 1990-06-07 | ||
FR9007097A FR2663084B1 (fr) | 1990-06-07 | 1990-06-07 | Dispositif d'injection pour moteur a combustion interne. |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN1057094A true CN1057094A (zh) | 1991-12-18 |
CN1023827C CN1023827C (zh) | 1994-02-16 |
Family
ID=9397376
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN91103869A Expired - Fee Related CN1023827C (zh) | 1990-06-07 | 1991-06-07 | 内燃机用喷射装置 |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5167210A (zh) |
EP (1) | EP0460572B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP3084091B2 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1023827C (zh) |
DE (1) | DE69101739T2 (zh) |
DK (1) | DK0460572T3 (zh) |
FI (1) | FI104204B1 (zh) |
FR (1) | FR2663084B1 (zh) |
NO (1) | NO178981C (zh) |
RU (1) | RU2059864C1 (zh) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN1058322C (zh) * | 1996-06-26 | 2000-11-08 | 金剑 | 一种内燃机的喷油方法和一种机械联动换向阀 |
CN104564474A (zh) * | 2013-10-15 | 2015-04-29 | 三菱电机株式会社 | 燃料喷射阀 |
CN104736835A (zh) * | 2012-10-23 | 2015-06-24 | 三菱电机株式会社 | 燃料喷射阀 |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR940004707Y1 (ko) * | 1992-08-21 | 1994-07-20 | 박영민 | 와이셔츠 칼라의 수축방지기 |
US6125796A (en) * | 1998-02-18 | 2000-10-03 | Caterpillar Inc. | Staged injection of an emulsified diesel fuel into a combustion chamber of a diesel engine |
SE521018C2 (sv) | 1998-04-01 | 2003-09-23 | Scania Cv Ab | Förbränningsmotor med direktinsprutning |
DE19922964C2 (de) * | 1999-05-19 | 2003-03-27 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Verfahren zum Einspritzen von Dieselkraftstoff |
MD1841G2 (ro) * | 1999-12-28 | 2002-07-31 | Виктор ЗАГОРОДНЮК | Motor cu ardere internă |
DE10026321A1 (de) * | 2000-05-26 | 2001-11-29 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Brennstoffeinspritzsystem und Verfahren zum Einspritzen |
CN1328956C (zh) | 2002-03-01 | 2007-08-01 | 巴斯福股份公司 | 基于Prothioconazole和嗜球果伞素衍生物的杀真菌混合物 |
FR2974391A1 (fr) * | 2011-04-21 | 2012-10-26 | IFP Energies Nouvelles | Procede de controle de l'injection de carburant dans un moteur a combustion interne a injection directe, notamment de type diesel |
US8869770B2 (en) * | 2011-06-17 | 2014-10-28 | Caterpillar Inc. | Compression ignition engine having fuel system for non-sooting combustion and method |
CN117028016B (zh) * | 2023-10-09 | 2024-01-12 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | 缸内直喷甲醇发动机及其燃烧室、燃烧室参数确定方法 |
Family Cites Families (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1088666A (en) * | 1964-03-09 | 1967-10-25 | Lister & Co Ltd R A | Improvements in or relating to fuel injectors for internal combustion engines |
CH491289A (de) * | 1968-04-24 | 1970-05-31 | Sulzer Ag | Brennstoffdüse eine Brennstoffeinspritzventiles für eine Kolbenbrennkraftmaschine |
SE409492B (sv) * | 1977-11-23 | 1979-08-20 | Volvo Ab | Brensleinsprutningssystem for dieselmotorer |
DE2901210C2 (de) * | 1979-01-13 | 1984-01-12 | Klöckner-Humboldt-Deutz AG, 5000 Köln | Verfahren zum Betrieb einer luftverdichtenden, selbstzündenden Brennkraftmaschine |
JPS601266Y2 (ja) * | 1979-08-23 | 1985-01-14 | 日産自動車株式会社 | デイ−ゼルエンジンの燃料噴射ノズル |
DE3003411C2 (de) * | 1980-01-31 | 1983-07-28 | M.A.N. Maschinenfabrik Augsburg-Nürnberg AG, 8500 Nürnberg | Selbstzündende Hubkolben-Brennkraftmaschine |
JPS57171026A (en) * | 1981-04-16 | 1982-10-21 | Nippon Soken Inc | Direct injection type diesel engine |
DE3151293A1 (de) * | 1981-12-24 | 1983-07-07 | Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart | Kraftstoffeinspritzsystem fuer kraftstoffdirekteinspritzung bei brenn-kraftmaschinen |
DE3330771A1 (de) * | 1983-08-26 | 1985-03-14 | Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart | Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung mit hilfspumpe zur vor- und haupteinspritzung |
JPH0637851B2 (ja) * | 1984-01-10 | 1994-05-18 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | デイーゼル機関の燃焼装置 |
CH665453A5 (de) * | 1985-01-11 | 1988-05-13 | Sulzer Ag | Zylinderdeckel fuer eine kolbenbrennkraftmaschine. |
US4612989A (en) * | 1985-06-03 | 1986-09-23 | Exxon Production Research Co. | Combined replacement drive process for oil recovery |
CH672661A5 (zh) * | 1987-03-17 | 1989-12-15 | Sulzer Ag | |
EP0309590B1 (en) * | 1987-04-07 | 1992-07-08 | Kabushiki Kaisha Komatsu Seisakusho | Internal combustion engine |
-
1990
- 1990-06-07 FR FR9007097A patent/FR2663084B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1991
- 1991-05-31 US US07/708,651 patent/US5167210A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-06-03 DE DE69101739T patent/DE69101739T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-06-03 EP EP91109031A patent/EP0460572B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-06-03 DK DK91109031.4T patent/DK0460572T3/da active
- 1991-06-05 NO NO912148A patent/NO178981C/no not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-06-05 FI FI912706A patent/FI104204B1/fi active
- 1991-06-06 JP JP03162229A patent/JP3084091B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-06-06 RU SU914895514A patent/RU2059864C1/ru active
- 1991-06-07 CN CN91103869A patent/CN1023827C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN1058322C (zh) * | 1996-06-26 | 2000-11-08 | 金剑 | 一种内燃机的喷油方法和一种机械联动换向阀 |
CN104736835A (zh) * | 2012-10-23 | 2015-06-24 | 三菱电机株式会社 | 燃料喷射阀 |
CN104564474A (zh) * | 2013-10-15 | 2015-04-29 | 三菱电机株式会社 | 燃料喷射阀 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE69101739T2 (de) | 1994-08-04 |
FI104204B (fi) | 1999-11-30 |
FI912706A (fi) | 1991-12-08 |
JPH04279757A (ja) | 1992-10-05 |
NO178981C (no) | 1996-07-10 |
EP0460572B1 (fr) | 1994-04-20 |
NO912148D0 (no) | 1991-06-05 |
FI104204B1 (fi) | 1999-11-30 |
DK0460572T3 (da) | 1994-07-25 |
NO912148L (no) | 1991-12-09 |
US5167210A (en) | 1992-12-01 |
FR2663084B1 (fr) | 1992-07-31 |
FR2663084A1 (fr) | 1991-12-13 |
JP3084091B2 (ja) | 2000-09-04 |
RU2059864C1 (ru) | 1996-05-10 |
FI912706A0 (fi) | 1991-06-05 |
CN1023827C (zh) | 1994-02-16 |
NO178981B (no) | 1996-04-01 |
DE69101739D1 (de) | 1994-05-26 |
EP0460572A1 (fr) | 1991-12-11 |
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