CN105699212A - Rock structural surface shearing method - Google Patents
Rock structural surface shearing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105699212A CN105699212A CN201610062986.4A CN201610062986A CN105699212A CN 105699212 A CN105699212 A CN 105699212A CN 201610062986 A CN201610062986 A CN 201610062986A CN 105699212 A CN105699212 A CN 105699212A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/24—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady shearing forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/005—Electromagnetic means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/022—Environment of the test
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rock structural surface shearing method. The rock structural surface shearing method comprises the following steps: manufacturing a test piece and heating, applying normal pressure, applying a shearing force, and acquiring and analyzing data. A device corresponding to the rock structural surface shearing method comprises a test piece system, a pressing plate system, a loading system, a data acquisition system, a roller set system and a heating system. The test piece system comprises upper and lower discs of rock blocks of a rock structure with a heating hole; the loading system is divided into normal pressure loading, left shearing force loading and right shearing force loading; the pressing plate system is composed of two 7-shaped loading plates; the roller set system comprises four groups of pressing roller sets, and is used for connecting the loading system and the pressing plate system; the heating system is used for controlling the temperature of high-quality heat-resisting silicone oil in the heating hole by utilizing a heating rod, so that the upper and lower discs of rock blocks of a rock structural surface are heated; and the data acquisition system is used for carrying out data acquisition on pressure, displacement and temperature. According to the rock structural surface shearing method, bidirectional shearing of the test piece of the rock structural surface can be realized, and researches of shearing properties of the rock structural surface under different temperatures can be realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the shearing of rock structural face, be specifically related to a kind of rock structural face shear and method。
Background technology
Rock structural face is ubiquitous medium in slope project, dam foundation engineering, mining engineering, the internal a large amount of discontinuity surfaces of rock mass affect and determine the physico-mechanical properties of rock mass, mechanics and the deformation behaviour thereof of rock structural face is understood, designing and building the foundation providing important for various rock mass engineering projects by shearing test。
Shear strength test is divided into non-limiting intensity shearing test and restricted shear strength test。Non-limiting intensity shearing test is only shear stress existence on shear surface, it does not have direct stress exists；Restricted intensity shearing test except shear stress, there is also direct stress on shear surface。Comparatively conventional is restricted intensity shearing test, and owing to there is friction between pressing plate and the rock sample of applying normal pressure, therefore surveyed shear strength is frictional force sum between rock sample actual shearing intensity and pressing plate and sample。
Owing to there is no the manufacturer's standard of unified shear testing maschine, occur in that numerous rock structural face shear, these shears are generally continues to use rock shearing device,, the structure of experimental provision is improved meanwhile, but rock structural face has been sheared and there is again difference with simple rock shearing, namely rock structural face is in shear history, rock structural face sample not only can produce relative sliding at shear direction, and also can produce displacement upwards in normal direction, namely cuts swollen displacement。Common rock shearing assay device directly contacts with sillar surface due to the pressing plate applying shearing, frictional force between pressing plate and sillar surface is bigger, sillar can not move freely at clamp surface, thus limiting moving up and down of structural plane sillar, the rock structural face obtained cut swollen displacement distortion。Therefore, common rocks shearing test device is not suitable for the dilatancy of study of rocks structural plane。
The shear of traditional rock structural face is unidirectional shear, there is many defects。The general lower wall sillar limiting rock structural face, namely the lower wall sillar keeping rock structural face is motionless, and the upper surface of the upper dish sillar of rock structural face is applied normal pressure, the side of upper dish sillar is applied shearing force simultaneously, make dish sillar on rock structural face, in lower wall sillar substrate, relative detrusion occur, by analyzing the relation of shearing force and shear displacemant, obtain the shearing strength of rock structural face and shear mechanical characteristic。And the Instability of rock mass engineering project moves while often showing as the upper and lower dish of rock structural face, such as the changing of the relative positions sliding of rock structural face under geological process。On study of rocks structural plane, dish and lower wall are needed to develop the assay device of rock structural face double direction shear by mechanical characteristic when cutting simultaneously。
Additionally, experiments numerous at present is all not directed under the condition of different temperatures development of rock shearing testing machine。Rock shows different mechanical properties of rock under condition of different temperatures, under condition of different temperatures, rock structural face is sheared and will be presented different mechanical properties and cut Zhang Xiaoying, therefore the impact that study of rocks shear strength is considered as temperature is also to be a crucial technology。
Summary of the invention
For the above-mentioned technical problem that prior art exists, the present invention proposes the rock structural face shear of a kind of double direction shear, and preferably proposes the shear comprising heating system。
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
1, the rock structural face shear of double direction shear, in order to realize double direction shear
As it is shown in figure 1, the rock structural face shear of a kind of double direction shear, including sample system, platen system, loading system and data collecting system；It is characterized in that, described platen system includes upper and lower, left and right four block pressur plate, and top board 10 is parallel with lower platen 22 and normotopia is arranged, and applies normal pressure；Left pressing plate 11 is parallel relative with right pressing plate 23 and shifts to install, and applies shearing force simultaneously。
Described sample system is rock structural face test specimen, with rock structural face 21 for boundary, is divided on rock structural face dish sillar 33 and rock structural face lower wall sillar 32。
Described platen system includes upper and lower, left and right four block pressur plate, top board 10 is affixed with on rock structural face, the upper surface of dish sillar 33 is parallel, left pressing plate 11 is parallel with the left surface of dish sillar 33 on rock structural face to be affixed and lower end flushes with rock structural face 21, lower platen 22 is parallel with the lower surface of rock structural face lower wall sillar 32 to be affixed, right pressing plate 23 is parallel with the right surface of rock structural face lower wall sillar 32 to be affixed and upper end flushes with rock structural face 21, described top board 10 and left pressing plate 11, lower platen 22 is fixing with right pressing plate 23 is connected, each one-tenth 7 fonts。
Described loading system, including normal pressure charger, double direction shear force loading device and reaction frame, described normal pressure loads and includes seaming chuck 8, concave ball shape pressure head 40, loading piston 3, hydraulic cylinder 2 and base 29, described concave ball shape pressure head 40 is connected by hemisphere face cooperation with seaming chuck 8, load piston 3 one end and stretch in hydraulic cylinder 2, hydraulic cylinder 2 is fixed on reaction frame 1 upper end, and described base 29 is positioned at below lower platen 22, and is fixed on the upper surface of reaction frame 1 lower end；Described double direction shear force loading device includes the left and right shearing force charger being oppositely arranged that misplaces, left shearing force charger includes servomotor I 18, reductor the I 36, first ball-screw the 16, first ball-screw cylinder 34 and left pressure head 14, realize applying shearing force from left to right, right shearing force charger includes servomotor II 30, reductor the II 38, second ball-screw the 28, second ball-screw cylinder 13 and right pressure head 26, it is achieved apply shearing force from right to left。
Described data collecting system includes computer controller 31 and coupled first pressure transducer the 4, second pressure transducer the 15, the 3rd pressure transducer the 27, first elasticity modulus LVDT6, the second elasticity modulus LVDT7。
The rock structural face shear of above-mentioned double direction shear includes roller group aid system。Described roller group system includes pressure roller group 9, lower compression roller group 17, left pressure roller group 12 and right pressure roller group 24。Upper pressure roller group 9 is between seaming chuck 8 and top board 10, and lower compression roller group 17 is between lower platen 22 and base 29, and left pressure roller group 12 is between left pressure head 14 and left pressing plate 11, and right pressure roller group 24 is between right pressure head 26 and right pressing plate 23。Left pressure roller group 12 considerably reduces the friction between left pressure head 14 and left pressing plate 11, and right pressure roller group 24 considerably reduces the friction between right pressure head 26 and right pressing plate 23。On rock structural face, dish sillar 33 can move along left pressure roller group 12, it is thus possible to accurately obtain in rock structural face shear history the Normal Displacement of dish sillar 33 on rock structural face, namely swollen displacement is cut, upper pressure roller group 9 considerably reduces the friction between seaming chuck 8 and top board 10, lower compression roller group 17 considerably reduces the friction between base 29 and lower platen 22, and on rock structural face, dish sillar 33, lower wall sillar 32 can move left and right along upper pressure roller group 9, lower compression roller group 17。
, appendix heating system the rock structural face shear of double direction shear, in order to realize temperature controlled rock structural face double direction shear
As in figure 2 it is shown, on the basis of aforementioned schemes, it is proposed that preferred technical scheme, the rock structural face shear of described double direction shear, also include heating system。Described heating system include the bottoming hole that is positioned within dish sillar and lower wall sillar and mate with bottoming hole and in the middle of with the rubber stopper of heating rod, described rubber stopper is fixed on upper and lower dish sillar surface by steel bar。
Above-mentioned rock structural face shear, described data collecting system also includes coupled temperature inductor, and described temperature sensor is positioned on the upper and lower dish sillar of rock structural face, accurately obtains the upper and lower dish sillar of rock structural face temperature everywhere。Specifically, data collecting system includes computer controller and coupled first pressure transducer, the second pressure transducer, the 3rd pressure transducer, the first elasticity modulus LVDT, the second elasticity modulus LVDT；And heating rod and temperature sensor are set。
As in figure 2 it is shown, the technical scheme of the rock structural face shear of double direction shear containing heating system is briefly described as follows。A kind of rock structural face shear, including sample system, heating system, platen system, loading system and data collecting system；Described sample system is rock structural face test specimen, with rock structural face for boundary, is divided on rock structural face dish sillar and rock structural face lower wall sillar；Described heating system include the bottoming hole that is positioned within the upper and lower dish sillar of rock structural face and mate with bottoming hole and in the middle of with the rubber stopper of heating rod, described rubber stopper is fixed on upper and lower dish sillar surface by steel bar；Described platen system includes upper and lower, left and right four block pressur plate, described top board is affixed with on rock structural face, the upper surface of dish sillar is parallel, described left pressing plate is parallel with the left surface of dish sillar on rock structural face to be affixed and lower end flushes with rock structural face, described lower platen is parallel with the lower surface of rock structural face lower wall sillar to be affixed, described right pressing plate is parallel with the right surface of rock structural face lower wall sillar to be affixed and upper end flushes with rock structural face, described top board and left pressing plate, lower platen is fixing with right pressing plate is connected, each one-tenth 7 fonts；Described loading system includes normal pressure loading, left shearing force loads and right shearing force loads and reaction frame, described normal pressure loads and includes seaming chuck, concave ball shape pressure head, loading piston, hydraulic cylinder and base, described concave ball shape pressure head is connected by hemisphere face cooperation with seaming chuck, load piston one end and stretch in hydraulic cylinder, hydraulic cylinder is fixed on reaction frame upper end, described base is positioned at below lower platen, and is fixed on the upper surface of reaction frame lower end；Described left shearing force loads and includes servomotor I, reductor the I, first ball-screw, the first ball-screw cylinder and left pressure head, and described left pressure head is positioned at left pressing plate left, is connected with the first ball-screw cylinder, and the first ball-screw stretches in the first ball-screw cylinder；Described right shearing force loads and includes servomotor II, reductor the II, second ball-screw, the second ball-screw cylinder and right pressure head, and described right pressure head is positioned at right pressing plate right, is connected with the second ball-screw cylinder, and the second ball-screw stretches in the second ball-screw cylinder；Described data collecting system includes computer controller and coupled first pressure transducer, second pressure transducer, 3rd pressure transducer, first elasticity modulus LVDT, second elasticity modulus LVDT and heating rod, described first pressure transducer is loading between piston and concave ball shape pressure head, described second pressure transducer is between left pressure head and the first ball-screw cylinder, described 3rd pressure transducer is between right pressure head and the second ball-screw cylinder, described first elasticity modulus LVDT is placed in seaming chuck left end upper surface, described second elasticity modulus LVDT is placed in seaming chuck right-hand member upper surface, described heating rod stretches into bottom bottoming hole。
, double direction shear the application process of rock structural face shear
The rock structural face shear of the double direction shear to comprise heating system, illustrates。Specifically include following steps: include test specimen and make and heat, apply normal pressure, applying shearing force and data acquisition and analysis。
(1) test specimen makes and heating: choose rock structural face sillar at mine working engineering site, it is cut to parallelepiped test specimen, and on the upper and lower dish sillar of rock structural face, respectively process several bottoming holes, within it inject the high temperature resistant silicone oil of high-quality, and with the rubber stopper seal bottoming hole with heating rod, compress rubber stopper with steel bar, be then heated；
(2) applying normal pressure: controlled the size of normal pressure by computer controller, the loading piston again through hydraulic cylinder provides corresponding normal pressure to seaming chuck, and then passes to dish sillar on rock structural face；
(3) shearing force is applied: servomotor I and reductor I drive the first ball-screw cylinder to move along slideway I, dish sillar on rock structural face is applied shearing force by left pressure head from left to right, by the loading shear displacemant speed of dish sillar on computer controller control structure face, servomotor II and reductor II drive the second ball-screw cylinder to move along slideway II, structural plane lower wall sillar is applied shearing force by right pressure head from right to left, is controlled the loading shear displacemant speed of lower wall sillar by computer controller；
(4) data collection and analysis: cut swollen displacement by the normal direction of dish sillar on the first elasticity modulus LVDT and the second elasticity modulus LVDT Real-time Collection rock structural face, by the second pressure transducer, on 3rd pressure transducer Real-time Collection rock structural face, the size of the shearing force of lower wall sillar, servomotor I simultaneously, II can feed back, the shear displacemant of lower wall sillar, the normal pressure of rock structural face sillar is controlled in real time by the first pressure transducer, when the first pressure transducer feeds back the force value that the force value is preset more than program, instruction is loaded piston and moves in hydraulic cylinder by computer controller, until the first pressure transducer feeds back the force value that the force value is preset equal to program, otherwise when the first pressure transducer feeds back the force value that the force value is preset less than program, instruction is loaded piston and moves outside hydraulic cylinder by computer controller, until the first pressure transducer feeds back the force value that the force value is preset equal to program。
Above-mentioned rock structural face cutting method, the heating-up temperature of step (1) is 50-150 DEG C。
It is 0.01mm/s that relative displacement speed is sheared in the loading of above-mentioned rock structural face cutting method, the loading shear displacemant speed respectively 0 ~ 0.01mm/s of the upper and lower dish sillar of step (3) rock structural face, and the upper and lower dish sillar of rock structural face。
, assembly of the invention and method beneficial effect
The beneficial effects of the present invention is: 1) present invention arranges biaxial loadings device, and the upper and lower dish sillar of rock structural face shearing force be can be applied simultaneously shearing strength and the shear property of rock structural face under double direction shear obtained；2) present invention arranges heater, it is possible to obtain the rock structural face shear property under condition of different temperatures；3) present invention arranges left and right pressure roller group, it is allowed to the upper and lower dish sillar of rock structural face, is freely moved up and down by pressure roller group, thus accurately obtaining cutting swollen displacement in rock structural face shear history。
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the rock structural face shear schematic diagram of double direction shear。
Fig. 2 is the rock structural face shear structural representation of the double direction shear comprising heating system。
Fig. 3 is the heating system schematic diagram of the present invention。
In figure: 1, reaction frame, 2, hydraulic cylinder, 3, load piston, 4, first pressure transducer, 5, rubber stopper, 6, first elasticity modulus LVDT, 7, second elasticity modulus LVDT, 8, seaming chuck, 9, upper pressure roller group, 10, top board, 11, left pressing plate, 12, left pressure roller group, 13, second ball-screw cylinder, 14, left pressure head, 15, second pressure transducer, 16, first ball-screw, 17, lower compression roller group, 18, servomotor I, 19, steel bar, 20, bottoming hole, 21, rock structural face, 22, lower platen, 23, right pressing plate, 24, right pressure roller group, 25, heating rod, 26, right pressure head, 27, 3rd pressure transducer, 28, second ball-screw, 29, base, 30, servomotor II, 31, computer controller, 32, rock structural face lower wall sillar, 33, dish sillar on rock structural face, 34, first ball-screw cylinder, 35, temperature sensor, 36, reductor I, 37, slideway I, 38, reductor II, 39, slideway II, 40, concave ball shape pressure head, 41, bolt, 42, high-quality is high temperature resistant silicone oil。
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in further detail, but the present invention is not limited to this。
Such as Fig. 1,2,3, the rock structural face shear of the present invention, including sample system, heating system, platen system, roller group system, loading system and data collecting system。Described sample system is rock structural face test specimen, with rock structural face 21 for boundary, is divided on rock structural face dish sillar 33 and rock structural face lower wall sillar 32；Bottoming hole 20 that described heating system includes being positioned at the upper and lower dish sillar of rock structural face and mate with bottoming hole and in the middle of with the rubber stopper 5 of heating rod 25, described rubber stopper 5 is fixed on rock structural face upper and lower dish sillar surface by steel bar 19；Described platen system includes upper and lower, left and right four block pressur plate, described top board 10 is affixed with on rock structural face, the upper surface of dish sillar 33 is parallel, described left pressing plate 11 is parallel with the left surface of dish sillar 33 on rock structural face to be affixed and lower end flushes with rock structural face 21, lower platen 22 is parallel with the lower surface of rock structural face lower wall sillar 32 to be affixed, right pressing plate 23 is parallel with the right surface of rock structural face lower wall sillar 32 to be affixed and upper end flushes with rock structural face 21, described top board 10 and left pressing plate 11, lower platen 22 is fixing with right pressing plate 23 is connected, each one-tenth 7 fonts。Described loading system includes normal pressure loading, left shearing force loads and right shearing force loads and reaction frame, described normal pressure loads and includes seaming chuck 8, concave ball shape pressure head 40, loading piston 3, hydraulic cylinder 2 and base 29, described concave ball shape pressure head 40 is connected by hemisphere face cooperation with seaming chuck 8, load piston 3 one end and stretch in hydraulic cylinder 2, hydraulic cylinder 2 is fixed on reaction frame 1 upper end, described base 29 is positioned at below lower platen 22, and is fixed on the upper surface of reaction frame 1 lower end；Described left shearing force loads and includes servomotor I 18, reductor I 36, first ball-screw 16, first ball-screw cylinder 34 and left pressure head 14, servomotor I 18 and reductor I 36 drive the first ball-screw cylinder 34 to move along slideway I37, thus realizing left pressure head 14 from left to right dish sillar 33 on rock structural face is applied shearing force, described right shearing force loads and includes servomotor II 30, reductor II 38, second ball-screw 28, second ball-screw cylinder 13 and right pressure head 26, servomotor II 30 and reductor II 38 drive the second ball-screw cylinder 13 to move along slideway II 39, thus realizing right pressure head 26 from right to left rock structural face lower wall sillar 32 is applied shearing force；Described roller group system includes pressure roller group 9, lower compression roller group 17, left pressure roller group 12 and right pressure roller group 24, described upper pressure roller group 9 is between seaming chuck 8 and top board 10, described lower compression roller group 17 is between lower platen 22 and base 29, described left pressure roller group 12 is between left pressure head 14 and left pressing plate 11, and described right pressure roller group 24 is between right pressure head 26 and right pressing plate 23；Described data collecting system includes computer controller 31 and coupled first pressure transducer 4, second pressure transducer 15, 3rd pressure transducer 27, first elasticity modulus LVDT6, second elasticity modulus LVDT7, heating rod 25 and temperature sensor 35, described first pressure transducer 4 is loading between piston 3 and concave ball shape pressure head 40, described second pressure transducer 15 is between left pressure head 14 and the first ball-screw cylinder 34, described 3rd pressure transducer 27 is between right pressure head 26 and the second ball-screw cylinder 13, described first elasticity modulus LVDT6 is positioned at seaming chuck 8 left end upper surface, described second elasticity modulus LVDT7 is positioned at seaming chuck 8 right-hand member upper surface, described heating rod 25 stretches into bottom bottoming hole 20, described temperature sensor 35 is positioned on rock structural face dish sillar 33 and on rock structural face lower wall sillar 32。
Embodiment 1 ~ 7 is set forth below to describe the enforcement of the present invention in detail。Wherein embodiment 1 ~ 6 is the embodiment of the rock structural face shear adopting the double direction shear comprising heating system, and embodiment 7 is the embodiment of the rock structural face shear of the double direction shear not comprising heating system。
Embodiment 1
The rock structural face cutting method of the present invention, comprises the steps:
(1) test specimen makes and heating: chooses at mine working engineering site and comprises dish sillar and lower wall sillar on the maokou limestone of rock structural face。Dish sillar on maokou limestone rock structural face and lower wall sillar are all cut into: the test specimen of length × wide × height=20cm × 10cm × 15cm, dish sillar 33 on maokou limestone rock structural face, 4 bottoming holes 20 of each processing on lower wall sillar 32, its degree of depth is the 2/3 of sillar sample thickness, then the high temperature resistant silicone oil 42 of high-quality is within it injected, with the rubber stopper 5 heated sealed hole 20 with heating rod 25, with high temperature resistant glue by bonding to rubber stopper 5 and bottoming hole 20 and sealing, and with steel bar 19, rubber stopper 5 is blocked bottoming hole 20 tightly, steel bar 19 is fixed on the surface of rock structural face upper lower burrs sillar by bolt 41, bonding and seal after 24h, computer controller 31 controls the heating-up temperature of heating rod 25, by on maokou limestone rock structural face, the heating temperatures of lower wall sillar is to 50 DEG C, after heating 5h, obtained by dish sillar 33 on rock structural face and lower wall sillar 32 temperature sensor 35 everywhere, the average temperature value of lower wall sillar is 48.5 DEG C。
(2) normal pressure is applied: be sized to 40KN by what computer controller 31 controlled normal pressure, the loading piston 3 of the hydraulic cylinder 2 of servosystem provides normal pressure 40KN to seaming chuck 8, and normal pressure 40KN is passed to dish sillar 33 on rock structural face by upper pressure roller group 9 and top board 10 by seaming chuck 8。
(4) shearing force is applied: the first ball-screw 16 drives left pressure head 14 from left to right dish sillar 33 on rock structural face to be applied shearing force, and the loading shear displacemant speed being controlled dish sillar 33 on rock structural face by computer controller 31 is 0.005mm/s；Second ball-screw 28 drives right pressure head 26 from right to left rock structural face lower wall sillar 32 to be applied shearing force, and the loading shear displacemant speed being controlled rock structural face lower wall sillar 32 by computer controller 31 is 0.005mm/s。
(5) data acquisition: by the first elasticity modulus LVDT6, on rock structural face in second elasticity modulus LVDT7 Real-time Collection rock structural face shear history, the normal direction of dish sillar 33 cuts swollen displacement, gathered the size of the shearing force of the upper and lower dish sillar of real-time rock structural face by the second pressure transducer the 15, the 3rd pressure transducer 27, control the normal pressure of dish sillar 33 on rock structural face in real time by the first pressure transducer 4 simultaneously。
It is 4.26 ± 0.82MPa that the maokou limestone rock structural face that above-mentioned treatment conditions obtain shears peak strength, and it is 0.75 ± 0.16mm that peak value cuts swollen displacement。
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment adopts embodiment substantially the same manner as Example 1, be different in that: step (1) by the heating temperatures of the high-quality heat-resisting silicone oil in upper and lower for maokou limestone rock structural face dish sillar bottoming hole to 100 DEG C, after heating 5h, the average temperature value being obtained upper and lower dish sillar by dish sillar on rock structural face and the temperature sensor everywhere of lower wall sillar is 94.5 DEG C。
It is 5.71 ± 1.10MPa that the maokou limestone rock structural face that above-mentioned treatment conditions obtain shears peak strength, and it is 1.03 ± 0.27mm that peak value cuts swollen displacement
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment adopts embodiment substantially the same manner as Example 1, be different in that: rapid (1) by the heating temperatures of the high-quality heat-resisting silicone oil in upper and lower for maokou limestone rock structural face dish sillar bottoming hole to 150 DEG C, after heating 5h, the average temperature value being obtained upper and lower dish sillar by dish sillar on rock structural face and the temperature sensor everywhere of lower wall sillar is 138.3 DEG C。
It is 3.89 ± 0.95MPa that the maokou limestone rock structural face that above-mentioned treatment conditions obtain shears peak strength, and it is 1.36 ± 0.35mm that peak value cuts swollen displacement。
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment adopts embodiment substantially the same manner as Example 1, it is different in that: the loading shear displacemant speed that step (3) controls dish sillar 33 on rock structural face by computer controller 31 is 0.003mm/s, the loading shear displacemant speed of rock structural face lower wall sillar 32 is 0.007mm/s, and the relative displacement speed of the upper and lower dish sillar of rock structural face is 0.01mm/s。
It is 5.16 ± 0.80MPa that the maokou limestone rock structural face that above-mentioned treatment conditions obtain shears peak strength, and it is 0.85 ± 0.21mm that peak value cuts swollen displacement。
Embodiment 5
The present embodiment adopts embodiment substantially the same manner as Example 1, it is different in that: the loading shear displacemant speed that step (3) controls dish sillar 33 on rock structural face by computer controller 31 is 0.001mm/s, the loading shear displacemant speed of rock structural face lower wall sillar 32 is 0.009mm/s, and the relative displacement speed of the upper and lower dish sillar of rock structural face is 0.01mm/s。
It is 6.34 ± 1.27MPa that the maokou limestone rock structural face that above-mentioned treatment conditions obtain shears peak strength, and it is 0.60 ± 0.23mm that peak value cuts swollen displacement。
Embodiment 6
The present embodiment adopts embodiment substantially the same manner as Example 1, it is different in that: the loading shear displacemant speed that step (3) controls dish sillar 33 on rock structural face by computer controller 31 is 0.01mm/s, rock structural face lower wall sillar 32 is static fixing, and the relative displacement speed of the upper and lower dish sillar of rock structural face is 0.01mm/s。
It is 7.54 ± 1.05MPa that the maokou limestone rock structural face that above-mentioned treatment conditions obtain shears peak strength, and it is 0.43 ± 0.12mm that peak value cuts swollen displacement。
Embodiment 7
The present embodiment adopts embodiment substantially the same manner as Example 1, is different in that employing shear shown in accompanying drawing 1, is not provided with heater on maokou limestone rock structural face in dish sillar and lower wall sillar。At room temperature, when being not provided with heating system, when the biaxial loadings shear displacemant speed of the upper and lower dish sillar of rock structural face is 0.005mm/s, when the relative displacement speed of the upper and lower dish sillar of rock structural face is 0.01mm/s, it is 3.16 ± 0.37MPa that maokou limestone rock structural face shears peak strength, and it is 1.10 ± 0.16mm that peak value cuts swollen displacement。
According to above-described embodiment it can be seen that pass through Bidirectional shearing device and the method for rock structural face, it is possible to research and the reflection upper and lower dish sillar of rock structural face shear the mechanical state under changing of the relative positions state at the same time more truly。Particularly, the change of rock structural face mechanical property under simulation different temperatures。
Claims (3)
1. a rock structural face cutting method, it is characterised in that include test specimen and make and heat, apply normal pressure, applying shearing force and data acquisition and analysis, specifically include:
(1) test specimen makes and heating: choose rock structural face sillar at mine working engineering site, it is cut to parallelepiped test specimen, and on the upper and lower dish sillar of rock structural face, respectively process several bottoming holes, within it inject the high temperature resistant silicone oil of high-quality, and with the rubber stopper seal bottoming hole with heating rod, compress rubber stopper with steel bar, be then heated；
(2) applying normal pressure: controlled the size of normal pressure by computer controller, the loading piston again through hydraulic cylinder provides corresponding normal pressure to seaming chuck, and then passes to dish sillar on rock structural face；
(3) shearing force is applied: servomotor I and reductor I drive the first ball-screw cylinder to move along slideway I, dish sillar on rock structural face is applied shearing force by left pressure head from left to right, by the loading shear displacemant speed of dish sillar on computer controller control structure face, servomotor II and reductor II drive the second ball-screw cylinder to move along slideway II, structural plane lower wall sillar is applied shearing force by right pressure head from right to left, is controlled the loading shear displacemant speed of lower wall sillar by computer controller；
(4) data collection and analysis: cut swollen displacement by the normal direction of dish sillar on the first elasticity modulus LVDT and the second elasticity modulus LVDT Real-time Collection rock structural face, by the second pressure transducer, on 3rd pressure transducer Real-time Collection rock structural face, the size of the shearing force of lower wall sillar, servomotor I simultaneously, II can feed back, the shear displacemant of lower wall sillar, the normal pressure of rock structural face sillar is controlled in real time by the first pressure transducer, when the first pressure transducer feeds back the force value that the force value is preset more than program, instruction is loaded piston and moves in hydraulic cylinder by computer controller, until the first pressure transducer feeds back the force value that the force value is preset equal to program, otherwise when the first pressure transducer feeds back the force value that the force value is preset less than program, instruction is loaded piston and moves outside hydraulic cylinder by computer controller, until the first pressure transducer feeds back the force value that the force value is preset equal to program。
2. rock structural face cutting method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the heating-up temperature of step (1) is 50-150 DEG C。
3. rock structural face cutting method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the loading shear displacemant speed respectively 0 ~ 0.01mm/s of the upper and lower dish sillar of step (3) rock structural face, and the upper and lower dish sillar of rock structural face loading shear relative displacement speed be 0.01mm/s。
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| CN103884608B (en) | 2016-03-30 |
| CN105699212B (en) | 2018-08-28 |
| CN103884608A (en) | 2014-06-25 |
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