CN103323340B - Mechanical property test device and method of steel-concrete contact interface - Google Patents
Mechanical property test device and method of steel-concrete contact interface Download PDFInfo
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- CN103323340B CN103323340B CN201310252558.4A CN201310252558A CN103323340B CN 103323340 B CN103323340 B CN 103323340B CN 201310252558 A CN201310252558 A CN 201310252558A CN 103323340 B CN103323340 B CN 103323340B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a mechanical property test device and a method of a steel-concrete contact interface, aiming to test the mechanical property of the steel-concrete interface under different normal stress and normal rigidity conditions without friction factor interference. According to the device and the method, four tests of equal normal rigidity shearing, equal normal stress shearing, infinite normal rigidity shearing and interface tensile are finished by using a set of device. Besides, in the scheme, the interface normal load direction is horizontal and is perpendicular to the gravity direction and parallel to the sample and base contact surface, and the applying of the normal load does not cause friction which affects the test result, so that the accuracy of the test result is greatly improved. In the scheme, the contact interface area stays the same in the interface shearing process, and the test error caused by reduction of the shearing interface is avoided.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to material interface mechanics characterisitic parameter field tests, specifically steel in civil engineering work-concrete contact interface mechanical property testing.
Background technology
Along with the develop rapidly of national basis Facilities Construction, steel pile casting embedded rock pile is in a large number in the national Important Project such as Longspan Bridge, high-rise building, large pier.Compared with conventional concrete stake or steel-pipe pile, steel pile casting embedded rock pile and the maximum feature of similar steel tube concrete pile are the effect of outer steel pile casting and the common bearing load of inner concrete, fractional load acts on steel pile casting surface, be passed to pile body inside by the interface between steel pile casting and inner concrete and be passed to ground again, therefore, during pile foundation stand under load, between steel-concrete, the mechanical characteristic of contact interface will directly affect the load-carrying properties of steel pile casting embedded rock pile.The mechanical characteristic at interface mainly comprises interface shearing characteristic and tensile characteristics, and wherein shear property comprises: shear stress with cutting change in displacement rule, interfacial failure rule, and repeats the residual strength Changing Pattern etc. at interface under shearing condition.
Interface shearing test is the basic skills obtaining steel-concrete interface shearing characteristic.Existing interface shearing test method and device generally derive from method and the device of Rock And Soil direct shear test, be placed in upper and lower two shear boxs respectively by steel plate to be measured and concrete to be measured, fixing upper shear box is motionless, and apply certain vertical load at upper shear box top, then down cut box is promoted with certain shear rate, make the contact interface between bi-material produce shear displacemant, record the relation between shear stress and shear displacemant in the process; Change different vertical loads and carry out revision test, assay surface normal stress is on the impact of interface shearing characteristic.Class is steely-and concrete interface shearing attribute testing achieved certain achievement, but relevant test method and test unit have certain defect, as in order to destroy the impact of interface normal stress on interface shearing characteristic, the vertical load identical with gravity direction is applied at upper shear box top, the load that in upper shear box, material is subject to is by box wall going down, together with the gravity of upper shear box self, make to produce certain friction force between upper and lower shear box; Meanwhile, down cut box will be placed on rigid base, under the effect of upper load, also must can produce friction force between down cut box and base.Steel-concrete interface shearing characteristic is different from traditional soil body shear test, and be simulation Practical Project, the vertical load applied is general comparatively large, and above two parts friction is generally difficult to ignore on the impact of test findings, and then affects the degree of accuracy of test findings.For traditional shear test, shear history median surface contact area also can reduce with the increase of shear displacemant, thus makes test findings produce error.Meanwhile, for the tensile characteristics of steel-concrete contact interface, generally need to utilize other test unit to test, cause the waste of resource.
The mechanical characteristic of steel-concrete contact interface is not only relevant with the normal stress at interface, also relevant with the normal stiffness at interface, simultaneously by the impact of the factors such as concrete intensity, the roughness at interface, the abrasion resistance of material.At present, traditional steel-concrete interface mechanics attribute testing is only more to the shear property research under different normal stress condition, not yet forms comprehensive, ripe steel-concrete interface mechanics characteristic measurement technology.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide one avoids friction factor to disturb, and can realize the device to steel-concrete interface mechanics characteristic measurement under different normal stress, normal stiffness condition.
The technical scheme adopted for realizing the object of the invention is such, and a kind of steel-concrete contact interface mechanical property testing device, comprises and being horizontally disposed with and at least two guide rails be parallel to each other.Base laid by described guide rail, and the two ends of described guide rail are separately installed with fixing rigid baffle and movable rigid baffle.The plate face of described fixing rigid baffle and movable rigid baffle is just to base, and the relative position of described fixing rigid baffle and guide rail immobilizes, and described movable rigid baffle and base can under external force along slide.
Described base has a horizontal upper end face.During test, described upper surface carrying tested sample.Described tested sample comprises one block of steel plate to be measured be vertically placed on base, two plate faces of described steel plate to be measured are respectively towards fixing rigid baffle and movable rigid baffle, and two plate faces of described steel plate to be measured are cohered with concrete block I and concrete block II respectively.Described concrete block I contacts towards the side of fixing rigid baffle with rigid cover plate I, and described concrete block II contacts towards the side of movable rigid baffle with rigid cover plate II.During test, between described rigid cover plate I and fixing rigid baffle, web member I is installed, the plate face that namely one end of described web member I is connected to the plate face of rigid cover plate I, the other end is connected to fixing rigid baffle.Between described rigid cover plate II and movable rigid baffle, web member II is installed, the plate face that namely one end of web member II is connected to the plate face of rigid cover plate II, the other end is connected to movable rigid baffle.
The side of described guide rail has horizontal addload and measurement mechanism, and the telescopic end of described horizontal addload and measurement mechanism is connected with described steel plate to be measured.During test, described horizontal addload and measurement mechanism apply thrust perpendicular to guide rail direction or pulling force to steel plate to be measured.
The plate face of described movable rigid baffle tested sample is dorsad connected with the pressure head of servo-hydraulic charger.During test, described servo-hydraulic charger applies to movable rigid baffle the thrust being parallel to guide rail direction.
Another object of the present invention is the method adopting above-mentioned steel-concrete contact interface mechanical property testing device to carry out waiting normal stiffness test, comprises the following steps:
1) test steels plate size is on request cut into rectangle steel plate to be measured, described steel plate to be measured has two plate faces, upper and lower two end faces and two, left and right end face.The lower surface of described steel plate to be measured be shelved on the upper surface of described base and make two plate faces of described steel plate to be measured vertical with guide rail.The described left side of steel plate to be measured is connected with the telescopic end of horizontal loading apparatus.
2) in the both sides of described steel plate to be measured, mold box is set and casting concrete, after maintenance, two plate faces of described steel plate to be measured is cohered with concrete block I and concrete block II respectively.The inner side of described concrete block I is cohered with steel plate to be measured, outside contacts with rigid cover plate I.The inner side of described concrete block II is cohered with steel plate to be measured, outside contacts with rigid cover plate II.
3) device I and side limit device II is limit at described upper surface installation restriction concrete block I and concrete block II along the side perpendicular to the movement of guide rail direction.
4) installation connecting element I between rigid cover plate I and fixing rigid baffle, installation connecting element II between rigid cover plate II and movable rigid baffle.Described web member I and web member II are spring.
5) start servo-hydraulic charger, make it apply the load preset to movable rigid baffle.Afterwards, by locked for servo-hydraulic charger, the position of movable rigid baffle is fixed.
6) start horizontal loading apparatus, make it apply the thrust perpendicular to guide rail direction to steel plate to be measured.There is shear failure in the interface that steel plate to be measured is contacted with both sides concrete.
7) by horizontal loading apparatus, the pulling force contrary with thrust direction described in step 6) is applied to steel plate to be measured, make steel plate to be measured get back to initial position along the mobile route of step 6);
8) by horizontal loading apparatus, the thrust identical with thrust direction described in step 6) is applied to steel plate to be measured, make steel plate to be measured get back to position when step 6) stops;
9) repeat step 7) ~ 8), until the shear resistance of steel plate to be measured and concrete contact interface tend towards stability after end operation.
Another object of the present invention is the method adopting described steel-concrete contact interface mechanical property testing device above to carry out waiting normal pressure test, comprises the following steps:
1) test steels plate size is on request cut into rectangle steel plate to be measured, described steel plate to be measured has two plate faces, upper and lower two end faces and two, left and right end face.The lower surface of described steel plate to be measured is shelved on the upper surface of described base, and makes two plate faces of described steel plate to be measured vertical with guide rail.The described left side of steel plate to be measured is connected with the telescopic end of horizontal loading apparatus.
2) in the both sides of described steel plate to be measured, mold box is set and casting concrete, after maintenance, two plate faces of described steel plate to be measured is cohered with concrete block I and concrete block II respectively.The inner side of described concrete block I is cohered with steel plate to be measured, outside contacts with rigid cover plate I.The inner side of described concrete block II is cohered with steel plate to be measured, outside contacts with rigid cover plate II.
3) device I and side limit device II is limit at described upper surface installation restriction concrete block I and concrete block II along the side perpendicular to the movement of guide rail direction.
4) installation connecting element I between rigid cover plate I and fixing rigid baffle, installation connecting element II between rigid cover plate II and movable rigid baffle.Described web member I and web member II are spring.
5) start servo-hydraulic charger, make it apply the load preset to movable rigid baffle.In process of the test afterwards, keep described predetermined load constant.
6) start horizontal loading apparatus, make it apply the thrust perpendicular to guide rail direction to steel plate to be measured.There is shear failure in the interface that steel plate to be measured is contacted with both sides concrete.
7) by horizontal loading apparatus, the pulling force contrary with thrust direction described in step 6) is applied to steel plate to be measured, make steel plate to be measured get back to initial position along the mobile route of step 6);
8) by horizontal loading apparatus, the thrust identical with thrust direction described in step 6) is applied to steel plate to be measured, make steel plate to be measured get back to position when step 6) stops;
9) repeat step 7) ~ 8), until the shear resistance of steel plate to be measured and concrete contact interface tend towards stability after end operation.
Another object of the present invention adopts described steel-concrete contact interface mechanical property testing device above to carry out the method for infinitely great normal stiffness test, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
1) test steels plate size is on request cut into rectangle steel plate to be measured, described steel plate to be measured has two plate faces, upper and lower two end faces and two, left and right end face.The lower surface of described steel plate to be measured is shelved on the upper surface of described base, and makes two plate faces of described steel plate to be measured vertical with guide rail.The described left side of steel plate to be measured is connected with the telescopic end of horizontal loading apparatus.
2) in the both sides of described steel plate to be measured, mold box is set and casting concrete, after maintenance, two plate faces of described steel plate to be measured is cohered with concrete block I and concrete block II respectively.The inner side of described concrete block I is cohered with steel plate to be measured, outside contacts with rigid cover plate I.The inner side of described concrete block II is cohered with steel plate to be measured, outside contacts with rigid cover plate II.
3) device I and side limit device II is limit at described upper surface installation restriction concrete block I and concrete block II along the side perpendicular to the movement of guide rail direction.
4) installation connecting element I between rigid cover plate I and fixing rigid baffle, installation connecting element II between rigid cover plate II and movable rigid baffle.Described web member I and web member II are rigid connecting rod.
5) start servo-hydraulic charger, make it apply the load preset to movable rigid baffle.Afterwards, by locked for servo-hydraulic charger, the position of movable rigid baffle is fixed.
6) start horizontal loading apparatus, make it apply the thrust perpendicular to guide rail direction to steel plate to be measured.There is shear failure in the interface that steel plate to be measured is contacted with both sides concrete.
7) by horizontal loading apparatus, the pulling force contrary with thrust direction described in step 6) is applied to steel plate to be measured, make steel plate to be measured get back to initial position along the mobile route of step 6);
8) by horizontal loading apparatus, the thrust identical with thrust direction described in step 6) is applied to steel plate to be measured, make steel plate to be measured get back to position when step 6) stops;
9) repeat step 7) ~ 8), until the shear resistance of steel plate to be measured and concrete contact interface tend towards stability after end operation.
Another object of the present invention adopts described steel-concrete contact interface mechanical property testing device above to carry out steel-concrete contact interface tensile test, comprise the following steps:
1) test steels plate size is on request cut into rectangle steel plate to be measured, described steel plate to be measured has two plate faces, upper and lower two end faces and two, left and right end face; The lower surface of described steel plate to be measured is shelved on the upper surface of described base, and makes two plate faces of described steel plate to be measured vertical with guide rail; The described left side of steel plate to be measured is connected with the telescopic end of horizontal loading apparatus;
2) in the both sides of described steel plate to be measured, mold box is set and casting concrete, after maintenance, two plate faces of described steel plate to be measured is cohered with concrete block I and concrete block II respectively; The inner side of described concrete block I is cohered with steel plate to be measured, outside is connected with rigid cover plate I; The inner side of described concrete block II is cohered with steel plate to be measured, outside is connected with rigid cover plate II;
3) installation connecting element I between rigid cover plate I and fixing rigid baffle, installation connecting element II between rigid cover plate II and movable rigid baffle; Described web member I and web member II are rigid connecting rod;
4) start servo-hydraulic charger, make it apply pulling force to movable rigid baffle; Until the surface of contact of steel plate to be measured and concrete block I or concrete block II destroys.
Advantageous Effects of the present invention comprises:
1, can adopt set of device complete the normal stiffness such as interface shear, etc. at least four kinds of tests such as normal stress shearing, the shearing of infinitely great normal stiffness, interface tension;
2, interface Normal stress loading direction level, vertical with gravity direction, parallel with base contacts face with sample, and the applying of Normal stress can not bring the friction affecting test findings, greatly improves the degree of accuracy of test findings;
3, in interface shearing process, contact interface area remains unchanged, and can not produce the test error that shear interface reduces to bring.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The nonlimiting examples that device of the present invention can be provided by accompanying drawing further illustrates.
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 2 and 3;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 4.
In figure: 1-horizontal addload and measurement mechanism, limit device I, 3-upper surface, 2-side, 4-web member I, 5-fixes rigid baffle, 6-rigid cover plate I, 7-side limit device II, 8-steel plate to be measured, 9-rigid cover plate II, the movable rigid baffle of 10-, 11-guide rail, 12-servo-hydraulic charger, 13-web member II, 15-tested sample, 16-base, 17-concrete block I, 18-concrete block II.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described, but should not be construed the above-mentioned subject area of the present invention and be only limitted to following embodiment.Without departing from the idea case in the present invention described above, according to ordinary skill knowledge and customary means, make various replacement and change, all should be included in the scope of the present invention.
embodiment 1:
The present embodiment discloses a kind of steel-concrete contact interface mechanical property testing device, comprises and being horizontally disposed with and at least two guide rails 11 be parallel to each other.Base 16 laid by described guide rail 11, and the two ends of described guide rail 11 are separately installed with fixing rigid baffle 5 and movable rigid baffle 10.Because in the present embodiment, the position relationship of all parts is important, further illustrate: described " two ends of guide rail 11 " refer to and are placed in the object on guide rail 11 along two of slide relative directions.
A plate face of described fixing rigid baffle 5 is towards base 16, and equally, a plate face of movable rigid baffle 10 is also towards base 16, and namely base 16 is between fixing rigid baffle 5 and movable rigid baffle 10.Described fixing rigid baffle 5 immobilizes with the relative position of guide rail 11, and described movable rigid baffle 10 and base 16 can slide along guide rail 11 under external force.In embodiment, described guide rail 11 has longitudinal groove or ridge on the surface, and the parts coordinated with described groove or ridge are all arranged at the bottom of described movable rigid baffle 10 and base 16, and its lower end is entrenched on guide rail 11, and can slide along guide rail 11.
Described base 16 has a horizontal upper end face 3.During test, described upper surface 3 carries tested sample 15.Described tested sample comprises one block of steel plate to be measured 8 be vertically placed on base 16, two plate faces of described steel plate to be measured 8 are respectively towards fixing rigid baffle 5 and movable rigid baffle 10, and two plate faces of described steel plate 8 to be measured are cohered with concrete block I 17 and concrete block II 18 respectively.Described concrete block I 18 contacts towards the side of fixing rigid baffle 5 with rigid cover plate I 6, and described concrete block I 18 fixes the side of rigid baffle 5 dorsad and steel plate to be measured 8 coheres.Described concrete block II 17 contacts towards the side of movable rigid baffle 10 with rigid cover plate II 9, and the described concrete block II 17 dorsad side of movable rigid baffle 10 and steel plate to be measured 8 coheres.The two ends of described steel plate to be measured 8 all protrude from concrete block I 17 and concrete block II 18, and namely steel plate 8 to be measured is greater than concrete block II 18 and concrete block I 17 length perpendicular to guide rail direction perpendicular to the length in guide rail direction.
Two ends all stretch out the end face of concrete block I 17 and concrete block II 18.
Because the height in described fixing rigid baffle 5 and the plate face of movable rigid baffle 10 is all higher than the height of base 16 upper surface.Between described rigid cover plate I 6 and fixing rigid baffle 5, there is web member I 4.Namely web member I 4 one end and rigid cover plate I 6 surface is connected, the other end is connected with the surface of fixing rigid baffle 5.
Between described rigid cover plate II 9 and movable rigid baffle 10, there is web member II 13.Namely web member II 13 one end and rigid cover plate II 9 surface is connected, the other end is connected with the surface of fixing rigid baffle 10.
In embodiment, described web member I 4 and web member II 13 are field-replaceable unit, and it can be volute spring, also can be rigid metal bar.The two ends of volute spring and Metallic rod all have the coupling arrangement with plate face, can change volute spring or Metallic rod as required.
Further, described web member I 4 and web member II 13 are for can convert rigidity or flexible parts.Wherein a kind of implementation is: web member (i.e. web member I 4 and web member II 13) comprises cylindrical shell I and is enclosed within the cylindrical shell II of cylindrical shell I outside, can be locked by locking device between cylindrical shell I and cylindrical shell II, volute spring is put in cylindrical shell I and cylindrical shell II inside.Described helical spring length is greater than cylindrical shell I and cylindrical shell II length separately, be less than or equal to cylindrical shell I and cylindrical shell II length add and.When locking between cylindrical shell I and cylindrical shell II, web member (i.e. web member I 4 and web member II 13) is rigid element; When not locking between cylindrical shell I and cylindrical shell II, web member (i.e. web member I 4 and web member II 13) is elastomeric element.
The side of described guide rail 11 has horizontal addload and measurement mechanism 1.When carrying out some test, the telescopic end of described horizontal addload and measurement mechanism 1 is connected with described steel plate 8 to be measured, and described horizontal addload and measurement mechanism 1 apply thrust perpendicular to guide rail 11 direction or pulling force to steel plate 8 to be measured.
The plate face of described movable rigid baffle 10 tested sample 15 is dorsad connected with the pressure head of servo-hydraulic charger 12.During test, described servo-hydraulic charger 12 applies to movable rigid baffle 10 thrust or the pulling force that are parallel to guide rail 11 direction.
In the present embodiment, the concrete in tested sample has certain gravity and the viscous force with base upper surface, therefore not easily slides when push-and-pull steel plate to be measured.But as preferably, concrete and base upper surface can be fixed.A kind of implementation is: the upper surface 3 connection side limit device I 2 of described base 16 and side limit device II 7.Described side limit device I 2 and side limit device II 7 limit tested sample 15 along the movement perpendicular to guide rail 11 direction.Namely the bottom of side limit device I 2 and side limit device II 7 is connected to the upper surface 3 of base 16, and concrete two end faces in tested sample respectively same side limit device I 2 contact with side limit device II 7, to limit the movement of concrete block.
embodiment 2:
The present embodiment adopts steel-concrete contact interface mechanical property testing device described in embodiment 1 to carry out waiting the method for normal stiffness test, comprises the following steps:
1) test steels plate size is on request cut into rectangle steel plate 15 to be measured, described steel plate 15 to be measured has two plate faces, upper and lower two end faces and two, left and right end face.The lower surface of described steel plate 15 to be measured is shelved on the upper surface 3 of described base 16, and makes two plate faces of described steel plate to be measured 15 vertical with guide rail 11.The left side of described steel plate to be measured is connected with the telescopic end of horizontal loading apparatus 1.
2) in the both sides of described steel plate 15 to be measured, mold box is set and casting concrete, after maintenance, two plate faces of described steel plate to be measured is cohered with concrete block I 17 and concrete block II 18 respectively.The inner side of described concrete block I 17 is cohered with steel plate 15 to be measured, outside contacts with rigid cover plate I 6, but do not connect.The inner side of described concrete block II 18 is cohered with steel plate 15 to be measured, outside contacts with rigid cover plate II 9, but do not connect.
3) device I 2 and side limit device II 7 is limit at described upper surface 3 installation restriction concrete block I and concrete block II along the side perpendicular to guide rail 11 direction movement.
4) installation connecting element I 4 between rigid cover plate I 6 and fixing rigid baffle 5, installation connecting element II 13 between rigid cover plate II 9 and movable rigid baffle 10.Described web member I 4 and web member II 13 are elastomeric element, and the present embodiment is volute spring.
5) start servo-hydraulic charger 12, make it apply the load preset to movable rigid baffle 10.Afterwards, by locked for servo-hydraulic charger, the position of movable rigid baffle 10 is fixed.Open the pressure transducer on servo-hydraulic charger, measure the change of normal pressure in test process.
6) start horizontal loading apparatus 1, make it apply the thrust perpendicular to guide rail 11 direction to steel plate 8 to be measured.There is shear failure in the interface that steel plate 8 to be measured is contacted with both sides concrete.Carry out interface shearing test with constant shear rate, and measure the change of horizontal thrust in shear displacemant increase process.
7) by horizontal loading apparatus 1, the pulling force contrary with thrust direction described in step 6) is applied to steel plate 8 to be measured, make steel plate to be measured get back to initial position along the mobile route of step 6), and measure the change of horizontal thrust in the change of normal pressure and shear displacemant increase process in the process.
8) by horizontal loading apparatus 1, the thrust identical with thrust direction described in step 6) is applied to steel plate 8 to be measured, make steel plate to be measured get back to position when step 6) stops, and measure the change of horizontal thrust in the change of normal pressure and shear displacemant increase process in the process.
9) step 7) ~ 8 are repeated), until after steel plate to be measured 8 and the shear resistance of concrete contact interface tend towards stability, when the thrust that namely step 7) applies equals the pulling force that step 8) applies, end operation.
In the present embodiment, need the amount measured to comprise: pulling force described in the displacement of steel plate when thrust described in load described in step 5), step 6) and shear failure occur, step 7), and repeat step 7) ~ 8) until steel plate to be measured 8 and the shear resistance of concrete contact interface tend towards stability after pulling force or the size of thrust.Change normal stiffness, initial normal stress carries out revision test, by relation, the relation between concrete Normal Displacement to be measured and shear displacemant, the relation between interface normal stress and shear displacemant between the interface shearing displacement of measuring in test and shear stress, and the shearing rule of the remaining shear resistance assay surface under shear action is repeated at interface.
embodiment 3:
Adopt steel described in claim 1 or 2-concrete contact interface mechanical property testing device to carry out waiting a method for normal pressure test, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
1) test steels plate size is on request cut into rectangle steel plate 15 to be measured, described steel plate 15 to be measured has two plate faces, upper and lower two end faces and two, left and right end face.The lower surface of described steel plate 15 to be measured is shelved on the upper surface 3 of described base 16, and makes two plate faces of described steel plate to be measured 15 vertical with guide rail 11.The left side of described steel plate to be measured is connected with the telescopic end of horizontal loading apparatus 1.
2) in the both sides of described steel plate 15 to be measured, mold box is set and casting concrete, after maintenance, two plate faces of described steel plate to be measured is cohered with concrete block I 17 and concrete block II 18 respectively.The inner side of described concrete block I 17 is cohered with steel plate 15 to be measured, outside contacts with rigid cover plate I 6, but do not connect.The inner side of described concrete block II 18 is cohered with steel plate 15 to be measured, outside contacts with rigid cover plate II 9, but do not connect.
3) device I 2 and side limit device II 7 is limit at described upper surface 3 installation restriction concrete block I and concrete block II along the side perpendicular to guide rail 11 direction movement.
4) installation connecting element I 4 between rigid cover plate I 6 and fixing rigid baffle 5, installation connecting element II 13 between rigid cover plate II 9 and movable rigid baffle 10.Described web member I 4 and web member II 13 are elastomeric element, and the present embodiment is volute spring.
5) start servo-hydraulic charger 12, make it apply the load preset to movable rigid baffle 10.In process of the test afterwards, keep described predetermined load constant.Open the displacement transducer on servo-hydraulic charger, measure the change of top of concrete Normal Displacement to be measured in test process.
6) start horizontal loading apparatus 1, make it apply the thrust perpendicular to guide rail 11 direction to steel plate 8 to be measured.There is shear failure in the interface that steel plate 8 to be measured is contacted with both sides concrete.Carry out interface shearing test with constant shear rate, and measure the change of horizontal thrust in shear displacemant increase process.
7) by horizontal loading apparatus 1, the pulling force contrary with thrust direction described in step 6) is applied to steel plate 8 to be measured, make steel plate to be measured get back to initial position along the mobile route of step 6), and measure the change of horizontal thrust in the change of normal pressure and shear displacemant increase process in the process.
8) by horizontal loading apparatus 1, the thrust identical with thrust direction described in step 6) is applied to steel plate 8 to be measured, make steel plate to be measured get back to step 6) stop time position; And measure the change of horizontal thrust in the change of Normal Displacement and shear displacemant increase process in the process.
9) step 7) ~ 8 are repeated), until after steel plate to be measured 8 and the shear resistance of concrete contact interface tend towards stability, when the thrust that namely step 7) applies equals the pulling force that step 8) applies, end operation.
In the present embodiment, need the amount measured to comprise: pulling force described in the displacement of steel plate when thrust described in load described in step 5), step 6) and shear failure occur, step 7), and repeat step 7) ~ 8) until steel plate to be measured 8 and the shear resistance of concrete contact interface tend towards stability after pulling force or the size of thrust.Change normal stress and carry out revision test, repeat the remaining shear resistance under shear action according to the relation between the interface shearing displacement of measuring in test and shear stress and interface, the shearing rule of assay surface.
embodiment 4:
Adopt steel described in claim 1 or 2-concrete contact interface mechanical property testing device to carry out a method for infinitely great normal stiffness test, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
1) test steels plate size is on request cut into rectangle steel plate 15 to be measured, described steel plate 15 to be measured has two plate faces, upper and lower two end faces and two, left and right end face.The lower surface of described steel plate 15 to be measured is shelved on the upper surface 3 of described base 16, and makes two plate faces of described steel plate to be measured 15 vertical with guide rail 11.The left side of described steel plate to be measured is connected with the telescopic end of horizontal loading apparatus 1.
2) in the both sides of described steel plate 15 to be measured, mold box is set and casting concrete, after maintenance, two plate faces of described steel plate to be measured is cohered with concrete block I 17 and concrete block II 18 respectively.The inner side of described concrete block I 17 is cohered with steel plate 15 to be measured, outside contacts with rigid cover plate I 6, but do not connect.The inner side of described concrete block II 18 is cohered with steel plate 15 to be measured, outside contacts with rigid cover plate II 9, but do not connect.
3) device I 2 and side limit device II 7 is limit at described upper surface 3 installation restriction concrete block I and concrete block II along the side perpendicular to guide rail 11 direction movement.
4) installation connecting element I 4 between rigid cover plate I 6 and fixing rigid baffle 5, installation connecting element II 13 between rigid cover plate II 9 and movable rigid baffle 10.Described web member I 4 and web member II 13 are rigid element, and the present embodiment is rigid metal connecting link.
5) start servo-hydraulic charger 12, make it apply the load preset to movable rigid baffle 10.Afterwards, by locked for servo-hydraulic charger, the position of movable rigid baffle 10 is fixed.Open the pressure transducer on servo-hydraulic charger, measure the change of normal pressure in test process.
6) start horizontal loading apparatus 1, make it apply the thrust perpendicular to guide rail 11 direction to steel plate 8 to be measured.There is shear failure in the interface that steel plate 8 to be measured is contacted with both sides concrete.Carry out interface shearing test with constant shear rate, and measure the change of horizontal thrust in shear displacemant increase process.
7) by horizontal loading apparatus 1, the pulling force contrary with thrust direction described in step 6) is applied to steel plate 8 to be measured, make steel plate to be measured get back to initial position along the mobile route of step 6); Carry out interface shearing test with constant shear rate, and measure the change of horizontal thrust in shear displacemant increase process.
8) by horizontal loading apparatus 1, the thrust identical with thrust direction described in step 6) is applied to steel plate 8 to be measured, make steel plate to be measured get back to step 6) stop time position; And measure the change of horizontal thrust in the change of normal pressure and shear displacemant increase process in the process.
9) step 7) ~ 8 are repeated), until after steel plate to be measured 8 and the shear resistance of concrete contact interface tend towards stability, when the thrust that namely step 7) applies equals the pulling force that step 8) applies, end operation.
In the present embodiment, need the amount measured to comprise: pulling force described in the displacement of steel plate when thrust described in load described in step 5), step 6) and shear failure occur, step 7), and repeat step 7) ~ 8) until steel plate to be measured 8 and the shear resistance of concrete contact interface tend towards stability after pulling force or the size of thrust.Change initial normal stress and carry out revision test, the remaining shear resistance under shear action is repeated, the shearing rule of assay surface by the relation between the interface shearing displacement of measuring in test and shear stress, relation between interface normal stress and shear displacemant and interface.
embodiment 5:
Adopt steel described in claim 1 or 2-concrete contact interface mechanical property testing device to carry out a method for interface tensile test, comprise the following steps:
1) test steels plate size is on request cut into rectangle steel plate 15 to be measured, described steel plate 15 to be measured has two plate faces, upper and lower two end faces and two, left and right end face.The lower surface of described steel plate 15 to be measured is shelved on the upper surface 3 of described base 16, and makes two plate faces of described steel plate to be measured 15 vertical with guide rail 11.
2) in the both sides of described steel plate 15 to be measured, mold box is set and casting concrete, after maintenance, two plate faces of described steel plate to be measured is cohered with concrete block I 17 and concrete block II 18 respectively.The inner side of described concrete block I 17 is cohered with steel plate 15 to be measured, outside is connected with rigid cover plate I 6; The inner side of described concrete block II 18 is cohered with steel plate 15 to be measured, outside is connected with rigid cover plate II 9.Namely rigid cover plate I 6 and rigid cover plate II 9 all with concrete block anchoring.
3) installation connecting element I 4 between rigid cover plate I 6 and fixing rigid baffle 5, installation connecting element II 13 between rigid cover plate II 9 and movable rigid baffle 10.Described web member I 4 and web member II 13 are rigid connecting rod.When namely dragging movable rigid baffle 10, rigid cover plate II 9 can be dragged.
4) start servo-hydraulic charger 12, make it apply pulling force to movable rigid baffle 10.Until steel plate 15 to be measured destroys with the surface of contact of concrete block I 17 or concrete block II 18; Namely concrete block I 17 or concrete block II 18 depart from steel plate 15 to be measured.
The present embodiment by above-mentioned steps, can increase gradually and measure the pulling force that servo-hydraulic charger applies rigid cover plate II 9, determining ultimate tensile stress during steel-concrete contact interface tensile failure
Change concrete strength and steel surface roughness, again make tested sample.Repeat above-mentioned steps to test, determine the relation between steel-concrete interface tensile characteristics and concrete strength, interface roughness.
Claims (6)
1. steel-concrete contact interface mechanical property testing device, is characterized in that: comprise and being horizontally disposed with and at least two guide rails (11) be parallel to each other; Described guide rail (11) is laid base (16), the two ends of described guide rail (11) are separately installed with fixing rigid baffle (5) and movable rigid baffle (10); A plate face of described fixing rigid baffle (5) and movable rigid baffle (10) is towards base (16), described fixing rigid baffle (5) immobilizes with the relative position of guide rail (11), and described movable rigid baffle (10) and base (16) can slide along guide rail (11) under external force;
Described base (16) has a horizontal upper end face (3); During test, described upper surface (3) carrying tested sample (15); Described tested sample (15) comprises steel plate to be measured (8), concrete block I (17) and concrete block II (18), described steel plate to be measured (8) is vertically placed on the upper surface (3) of base (16), two plate faces of described steel plate to be measured (8) are respectively towards fixing rigid baffle (5) and movable rigid baffle (10), and two plate faces of described steel plate to be measured (8) are cohered with concrete block I (17) and concrete block II (18) respectively; Described concrete block I (18) contacts towards the side of fixing rigid baffle (5) with rigid cover plate I (6), and described concrete block II (17) contacts towards the side of movable rigid baffle (10) with rigid cover plate II (9); During test, web member I (4) is installed between described rigid cover plate I (6) and fixing rigid baffle (5), web member II (13) is installed between described rigid cover plate II (9) and movable rigid baffle (10);
The side of described guide rail (11) has horizontal addload and measurement mechanism (1); During test, the telescopic end of described horizontal addload and measurement mechanism (1) is connected with described steel plate to be measured (8), and described horizontal addload and measurement mechanism (1) apply thrust perpendicular to guide rail (11) direction or pulling force to steel plate to be measured (8);
The plate face of described movable rigid baffle (10) tested sample (15) is dorsad connected with the pressure head of servo-hydraulic charger (12); During test, described servo-hydraulic charger (12) applies to movable rigid baffle (10) thrust being parallel to guide rail (11) direction.
2. steel according to claim 1-concrete contact interface mechanical property testing device, is characterized in that: upper surface (3) the connection side limit device I (2) of described base (16) and side limit device II (7); Described side limit device I (2) and side limit device II (7) limit tested sample (15) along the movement perpendicular to guide rail (11) direction.
3. adopt steel described in claim 1 or 2-concrete contact interface mechanical property testing device to carry out waiting a method for normal stiffness test, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
1) test steels plate size is on request cut into rectangle steel plate to be measured (15), described steel plate to be measured (15) has two plate faces, upper and lower two end faces and two, left and right end face; The lower surface of described steel plate to be measured (15) is shelved on the upper surface (3) of described base (16), and makes two plate faces of described steel plate to be measured (15) vertical with guide rail (11); The left side of described steel plate to be measured is connected with the telescopic end of horizontal loading apparatus (1);
2) in the both sides of described steel plate to be measured (15), mold box is set and casting concrete, after maintenance, two plate faces of described steel plate to be measured is cohered with concrete block I (17) and concrete block II (18) respectively; The inner side of described concrete block I (17) is cohered with steel plate to be measured (15), outside contacts with rigid cover plate I (6); The inner side of described concrete block II (18) is cohered with steel plate to be measured (15), outside contacts with rigid cover plate II (9);
3) device I (2) and side limit device II (7) is limit at described upper surface (3) installation restriction concrete block I and concrete block II along the side perpendicular to guide rail (11) direction movement;
4) installation connecting element I (4) between rigid cover plate I (6) and fixing rigid baffle (5), installation connecting element II (13) between rigid cover plate II (9) and movable rigid baffle (10); Described web member I (4) and web member II (13) are spring;
5) start servo-hydraulic charger (12), make it apply the load preset to movable rigid baffle (10); Afterwards, by locked for servo-hydraulic charger, the position of movable rigid baffle (10) is fixed;
6) start horizontal loading apparatus (1), make it apply the thrust perpendicular to guide rail (11) direction to steel plate to be measured (8); There is shear failure in the interface that steel plate to be measured (8) is contacted with both sides concrete;
7) by horizontal loading apparatus (1), the pulling force contrary with thrust direction described in step 6) is applied to steel plate to be measured (8), make steel plate to be measured get back to initial position along the mobile route of step 6);
8) by horizontal loading apparatus (1), steel plate to be measured (8) is applied and the thrust of thrust equidirectional described in step 6), make steel plate to be measured get back to position when step 6) stops;
9) repeat step 7) ~ 8), until the shear resistance of steel plate to be measured (8) and concrete contact interface tend towards stability after end operation.
4. adopt steel described in claim 1 or 2-concrete contact interface mechanical property testing device to carry out waiting a method for normal pressure test, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
1) test steels plate size is on request cut into rectangle steel plate to be measured (15), described steel plate to be measured (15) has two plate faces, upper and lower two end faces and two, left and right end face; The lower surface of described steel plate to be measured (15) is shelved on the upper surface (3) of described base (16), and makes two plate faces of described steel plate to be measured (15) vertical with guide rail (11); The left side of described steel plate to be measured is connected with the telescopic end of horizontal loading apparatus (1);
2) in the both sides of described steel plate to be measured (15), mold box is set and casting concrete, after maintenance, two plate faces of described steel plate to be measured is cohered with concrete block I (17) and concrete block II (18) respectively; The inner side of described concrete block I (17) is cohered with steel plate to be measured (15), outside contacts with rigid cover plate I (6); The inner side of described concrete block II (18) is cohered with steel plate to be measured (15), outside contacts with rigid cover plate II (9);
3) device I (2) and side limit device II (7) is limit at described upper surface (3) installation restriction concrete block I and concrete block II along the side perpendicular to guide rail (11) direction movement;
4) installation connecting element I (4) between rigid cover plate I (6) and fixing rigid baffle (5), installation connecting element II (13) between rigid cover plate II (9) and movable rigid baffle (10); Described web member I (4) and web member II (13) are spring;
5) start servo-hydraulic charger (12), make it apply the load preset to movable rigid baffle (10); In process of the test afterwards, keep described predetermined load constant;
6) start horizontal loading apparatus (1), make it apply the thrust perpendicular to guide rail (11) direction to steel plate to be measured (8); There is shear failure in the interface that steel plate to be measured (8) is contacted with both sides concrete;
7) by horizontal loading apparatus (1), the pulling force contrary with thrust direction described in step 6) is applied to steel plate to be measured (8), make steel plate to be measured get back to initial position along the mobile route of step 6);
8) by horizontal loading apparatus (1), steel plate to be measured (8) is applied and the thrust of thrust equidirectional described in step 6), make steel plate to be measured get back to position when step 6) stops;
9) repeat step 7) ~ 8), until the shear resistance of steel plate to be measured (8) and concrete contact interface tend towards stability after end operation.
5. adopt steel described in claim 1 or 2-concrete contact interface mechanical property testing device to carry out a method for infinitely great normal stiffness test, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
1) test steels plate size is on request cut into rectangle steel plate to be measured (15), described steel plate to be measured (15) has two plate faces, upper and lower two end faces and two, left and right end face; The lower surface of described steel plate to be measured (15) is shelved on the upper surface (3) of described base (16), and makes two plate faces of described steel plate to be measured (15) vertical with guide rail (11); The left side of described steel plate to be measured is connected with the telescopic end of horizontal loading apparatus (1);
2) in the both sides of described steel plate to be measured (15), mold box is set and casting concrete, after maintenance, two plate faces of described steel plate to be measured is cohered with concrete block I (17) and concrete block II (18) respectively; The inner side of described concrete block I (17) is cohered with steel plate to be measured (15), outside contacts with rigid cover plate I (6); The inner side of described concrete block II (18) is cohered with steel plate to be measured (15), outside contacts with rigid cover plate II (9);
3) device I (2) and side limit device II (7) is limit at described upper surface (3) installation restriction concrete block I and concrete block II along the side perpendicular to guide rail (11) direction movement;
4) installation connecting element I (4) between rigid cover plate I (6) and fixing rigid baffle (5), installation connecting element II (13) between rigid cover plate II (9) and movable rigid baffle (10); Described web member I (4) and web member II (13) are rigid connecting rod;
5) start servo-hydraulic charger (12), make it apply the load preset to movable rigid baffle (10); Afterwards, by locked for servo-hydraulic charger, the position of movable rigid baffle (10) is fixed;
6) start horizontal loading apparatus (1), make it apply the thrust perpendicular to guide rail (11) direction to steel plate to be measured (8); There is shear failure in the interface that steel plate to be measured (8) is contacted with both sides concrete;
7) by horizontal loading apparatus (1), the pulling force contrary with thrust direction described in step 6) is applied to steel plate to be measured (8), make steel plate to be measured get back to initial position along the mobile route of step 6);
8) by horizontal loading apparatus (1), steel plate to be measured (8) is applied and the thrust of thrust equidirectional described in step 6), make steel plate to be measured get back to position when step 6) stops;
9) repeat step 7) ~ 8), until the shear resistance of steel plate to be measured (8) and concrete contact interface tend towards stability after end operation.
6. adopt steel described in claim 1 or 2-concrete contact interface mechanical property testing device to carry out a method for interface tensile test, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
1) test steels plate size is on request cut into rectangle steel plate to be measured (15), described steel plate to be measured (15) has two plate faces, upper and lower two end faces and two, left and right end face; The lower surface of described steel plate to be measured (15) is shelved on the upper surface (3) of described base (16), and makes two plate faces of described steel plate to be measured (15) vertical with guide rail (11); The left side of described steel plate to be measured is connected with the telescopic end of horizontal loading apparatus (1);
2) in the both sides of described steel plate to be measured (15), mold box is set and casting concrete, after maintenance, two plate faces of described steel plate to be measured is cohered with concrete block I (17) and concrete block II (18) respectively; The inner side of described concrete block I (17) is cohered with steel plate to be measured (15), outside is connected with rigid cover plate I (6); The inner side of described concrete block II (18) is cohered with steel plate to be measured (15), outside is connected with rigid cover plate II (9);
3) installation connecting element I (4) between rigid cover plate I (6) and fixing rigid baffle (5), installation connecting element II (13) between rigid cover plate II (9) and movable rigid baffle (10); Described web member I (4) and web member II (13) are rigid connecting rod;
4) start servo-hydraulic charger (12), make it apply pulling force to movable rigid baffle (10); Until steel plate to be measured (15) destroys with the surface of contact of concrete block I (17) or concrete block II (18).
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| CN104374649B (en) * | 2014-11-20 | 2017-07-25 | 广州市建筑科学研究院有限公司 | A kind of experimental rig and method for being used to observe shear deformation breaks down feature between pile tube and the slip casting soil body |
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| CN106442135A (en) * | 2016-10-11 | 2017-02-22 | 深圳大学 | Soft clay soil body in-situ testing device and testing method |
| CN107655826A (en) * | 2017-09-06 | 2018-02-02 | 河海大学 | A kind of device and its measuring method for measuring steel and concrete interface shearing |
| CN109060505B (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2023-12-29 | 清华大学 | Soil container for soil and structure contact surface test |
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