CN104374649B - A kind of experimental rig and method for being used to observe shear deformation breaks down feature between pile tube and the slip casting soil body - Google Patents
A kind of experimental rig and method for being used to observe shear deformation breaks down feature between pile tube and the slip casting soil body Download PDFInfo
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- CN104374649B CN104374649B CN201410669314.0A CN201410669314A CN104374649B CN 104374649 B CN104374649 B CN 104374649B CN 201410669314 A CN201410669314 A CN 201410669314A CN 104374649 B CN104374649 B CN 104374649B
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 238000007569 slipcasting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000011068 load Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000875 corresponding Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920005479 Lucite® Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011083 cement mortar Substances 0.000 description 8
- 210000000614 Ribs Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006011 modification reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000016507 interphase Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses the experimental rig for observing shear deformation breaks down feature between pile tube and the slip casting soil body, including fixed platform, pile tube model test box, load maintainer and monitoring system, the fixed platform includes bottom plate, top plate and some connecting screw rods；The pile tube model test box includes bottom wall, two side walls, rear wall and antetheca, and the antetheca is movably arranged between the wall of side, and the antetheca is made of colourless transparent resin glass；The monitoring system includes displacement transducer, pressure sensor, is arranged on the strain rosette group of the pile tube outer surface；The strain rosette group is included along the equally distributed some strain rosettes of the pile tube central axis direction, and the strain rosette is connected with automatic recording instrument.The present invention uses semicircle pile tube, is easy to the shear deformation breaks down feature observed between pile tube and the slip casting soil body, and the shearing strength between test pile tube and the slip casting soil body is recorded a video process of the test using camera device, and visual test is analyzed more directly perceived.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to civil engineering experimental rig technical field, and in particular to one kind is used to observe pile tube and the slip casting soil body
Between shear deformation breaks down feature experimental rig and method.
Background technology
Research on Mechanical Properties is one of the important topic in Geotechnical Engineering field between structure and the slip casting ground soil body, is to solve
Structure and the premise of the interphase interaction of the slip casting soil body.Traditional experiment device：Simple shear apparatus, direct shear apparatus, torsion shear apparatus and CYCLIC LOADING
Boxshear apparatus etc., the artificial contact interface for assuming structure and soil is failure mechanics, and when actually structure is with Soil Interface failure by shear
Interface shear strength could possibly be higher than the shear strength of the soil body in itself so that shear breakage occurs in inside soil body.For structure
With for the cement injection soil body that around wraps up, it is strong that the adhesion strength of usual cement mortar and structure is higher than the common slip casting soil body
Degree, shear breakage will occur in slip casting inside soil body, and forming one has certain thickness failure by shear band.Therefore, it is existing
Shearing test device be difficult to truly, exactly determine and the shear property between observation and analysis structure and the slip casting soil body.
Pile tube is the conventional base form of high-rise, is mainly used as resistance to compression, resistance to plucking and horizontal force resistant of building etc..
Using the major diameter drill while drilling and casing (patent No.：ZL 200820158894.7) construction pile tube, grout injection on the outside of tube wall
(bore diameter 40~100mm big compared with pile tube diameter) is to improve the side friction of pile tube, however, pile tube and its cement paste around pile soil body
Shearing, the changing of the relative positions and disengage etc. Discontinuous Deformation destruction problem, still lack go deep into systematic research.Main cause is current
Structure is largely the rare shearing test research on cambered surface in plane with native shearing test equipment, and size is typically
It is smaller, it is impossible to actual mechanical behavior of the model configuration with the slip casting soil body under the conditions of dull loading or CYCLIC LOADING.
The content of the invention
Not high the invention aims to solve existing testing equipment measuring accuracy, test intuitive is not strong, and sampling is not
Reliably, the big technical problem of result of the test discreteness there is provided one kind is easy to operate, test is accurate, sample it is actual, simultaneously close to engineering
And be easy to observe pile tube and the shearing test device and battery of tests method of slip casting soil body shear deformation breaks down feature.
In order to solve the above problems, what the present invention was achieved by following technical scheme：
The experimental rig of the present invention for being used to observe shear deformation breaks down feature between pile tube and the slip casting soil body, including it is solid
Fixed platform, pile tube model test box on the stationary platform is set, sets and is provided on the stationary platform to pile tube model test box
The load maintainer and monitoring system of pressure, if the fixed platform includes the involvement of bottom plate, top plate and connecting bottom board and top plate
Connect screw rod；
The pile tube model test box include bottom wall, with vertically disposed two side walls of bottom wall, be connected after two side walls
Wall and antetheca, the antetheca are movably arranged between two side, and the antetheca is made of colourless transparent resin glass；
The load maintainer is arranged on the top plate, and positioned at the top of the pile tube；
The monitoring system includes the displacement transducer for being arranged on pile tube top, the pressure sensing being arranged on load maintainer
Device and the strain rosette group being arranged on more than a row of the pile tube outer surface or a row；The strain rosette group is along the pile tube
Circumferencial direction is uniformly distributed；
The strain rosette group is included along the equally distributed some strain rosettes of the pile tube central axis direction, and the strain rosette connects
It is connected to automatic recording instrument.
Further, the two side is provided with chute close to the side of the antetheca, and the two ends of the antetheca are arranged on
In the chute；Position corresponding with the antetheca is provided with the groove coordinated with the antetheca on the bottom wall；The antetheca
With the side wall is connected is provided at both ends with rib.
Further, the cross section of the pile tube is semi-circular shape, the vertical section of the pile tube and the pile tube model
The antetheca contact of test box body.
Further, present invention additionally comprises camera device, the camera device is arranged on top plate by connects bearing.
Further, the load maintainer is jack or pressure testing machine.
Further, pressure-bearing steel plate is provided with the top of the pile tube, the load maintainer is acted on pressure-bearing steel plate.
Further, the cross section of the pile tube is semicircle, the vertical section of the pile tube and the transparent glass of the casing
Glass wall is directly contacted.To facilitate the deformation that failure by shear occurs between observation pile tube and the different-thickness slip casting soil body, draw
Failure by shear envelope.
Further, the limited block of the restricted pile tube model test box body position is set on the bottom plate.
A kind of test method for being used to observe shear deformation breaks down feature between pile tube and the slip casting soil body, its step includes：
(1) top plate of fixed platform is opened, experiment casing is fixed on bottom plate；
(2) pan soil is laid in pile tube model test box body bottom；
(3) the lucite wall that the tangent plane of semicircle pile tube is close to casing is placed on pan soil, be arranged outside pile tube with
The corresponding semi-circular shape steel bushing of pile tube, the pre- sky for remaining for grout injection between steel bushing tube inner surface and pile tube outer surface
Gap；The internal diameter of the steel bushing, can be different according to making the need for experimental study than the big 20mm~100mm of external diameter of the pile tube
The cement injection body of thickness；
(4) some strain rosettes are posted in the pile tube outer surface；Displacement transducer is provided with the top of pile tube；
(5) casing is filled with the soil body, and the soil body is tamped；
(6) grout injection between pile tube and steel bushing, and one side grout injection while extract steel bushing, or
The steel bushing is extracted before cement mortar initial set；The cement mortar of the specific ratio of mud is irrigated between the pile tube and the soil body, it is described
The ratio of mud of cement mortar is 0.4~1.0, for sand preferably 0.7；
(7) top plate of fixed platform is resetted, and installs load maintainer；
(8) load maintainer from top by bearing plate to pile tube apply vertical pressure, be stepped up pressure, until pile tube with
Occurs failure by shear between surrounding cement injecting cement paste；Pressure sensor is provided with the load maintainer；
(9) data of the strain rosette, displacement transducer and pressure sensor are recorded.
Further, the casing equipped with concrete tubular pile is before the pressure is applied, it is necessary to setting time more than 28 days.
Further, shooting is provided with the top plate of the fixed platform to set, the casing is transparent lucite
Material is made, and the shooting is set shoots with video-corder experimentation through casing.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
The present invention is by testing concrete tubular pile model, the good simulation with the concrete tubular pile in reality, test knot
Fruit is more accurate, reliable, discreteness is small, and process of the test is recorded a video using camera device, is conducive to further analyzing result of the test,
More intuitively judge pile tube with where the breakdown point of the slip casting soil body, being that theory analysis and engineering practice provide reliable basic number
According to.
Using the fixed platform being vertically connected with, the active force and reaction force of load maintainer are transmitted by connecting screw rod, is made
It forms one, makes experimental rig more stable.
Brief description of the drawings
The embodiment to the present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein：
Fig. 1 is the experimental rig of the present invention for being used to observe shear deformation breaks down feature between pile tube and the slip casting soil body
Structural representation；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of semi-circular shape pile tube；
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of semicircular ring steel bushing；
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of semi-circular shape pile tube model；
Fig. 5 is the partial enlarged drawing of A in Fig. 2.
In figure：1- casings, 11- pan soil, the 12- soil bodys, 13- antethecas, 131- ribs, 14- chutes, 2- semi-circular shape pipes
Stake, 21- displacement transducers, 22- strain rosettes, 23- cement mortars, 24- spaces, 25- steel bushings, 3- pressure-bearing steel plates, 4- top plates, 41-
Reinforcement, 5- connecting screw rods, 6- load maintainers, 61- pressure sensors, 7- connects bearings, 8- camera devices, 9- bottom plates.
Embodiment
The preferred embodiments of the present invention are illustrated below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, it will be appreciated that preferred reality described herein
Apply example to be merely to illustrate and explain the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 1 to 3, it is of the present invention to be used to observe shear deformation breaks down feature between pile tube and the slip casting soil body
Experimental rig, including fixed platform, pile tube model on the stationary platform is set, sets and is carried on the stationary platform to pile tube model
The load maintainer 6 and monitoring system of voltage supply power.
The fixed platform includes top plate 4, bottom plate 9 and four connecting screw rods 5 for connecting top plate 4 and bottom plate 9, described
Connecting screw rod 5 is connected by nut with top plate 4 or bottom plate 9, and the limit for fixing pile tube model is provided with the bottom plate 9
Position block；The reinforcement 41 of some its intensity of increase is provided with the top plate 4.
The pile tube model test box includes the casing 1 being arranged on bottom plate 9, the semi-circular shape being arranged on inside casing 1
Pile tube 2 and the soil body 12 for filling casing 1, the bottom of the pile tube model test box body is equipped with one layer of pan soil 11；It is described
Filling concrete slurry 23 between semi-circular shape pile tube 2 and the soil body 12, the ratio of mud of the cement mortar is 0.6~0.8, for sand
Soil preferably 0.7.
The casing 1 include bottom wall, with vertically disposed two side walls of bottom wall, be connected the rear wall and antetheca of two side walls
13, the antetheca 13 is movably arranged between two side, and the side wall is provided with chute 14, institute close to the side of the antetheca 13
That states that antetheca 13 is connected with the side wall 14 is provided at both ends with rib 131, and the rib 131 of the antetheca 13 is arranged on described
In chute 14；The position corresponding with the antetheca 13 is provided with the groove coordinated with the antetheca on the bottom wall；Before described
Wall 13 is made of colourless transparent resin glass.
The cross section of the semi-circular shape pile tube 2 is semi-circular shape, its perpendicular and the pile tube model test box case
The wall body of body 1 is directly contacted.The casing 1 is made by colourless transparent resin glass, convenient observation pile tube and cement mortar it
Between occur failure by shear deformation, draw failure by shear envelope.
The outer surface of the semi-circular shape pile tube 2 is provided with row's strain rosette group, and the strain rosette group is arranged on semicircular ring
The centre position of the outer wall of shape pile tube 2, every group of strain rosette group includes five spaced strain rosettes 22, the edge of strain rosette 22
The central axis direction of the semi-circular shape pile tube 2 is uniformly distributed setting.The strain rosette is spent for triaxial strain, the strain rosette 22
Automatic recording instrument is connected with, the automatic recording instrument is used to receiving and recording the data that the strain rosette 22 monitors.Described half
The top of annular pile tube 2 is provided with pressure-bearing steel plate 3.
The load maintainer 6 is sets jack on the top plate 4, and the bottom of the jack is just to the pressure-bearing steel plate
Pressure sensor 61 is provided with 3 center, the bottom of the jack.
Displacement transducer 21 is provided with the pressure-bearing steel plate 3, for monitoring pressure-bearing steel plate 3 under the pressure of jack
Vertical displacement situation.
Present invention additionally comprises camera device 8, the camera device 8 is fixedly installed on the top plate 4 by connects bearing 7, institute
The perpendicular position that camera device 8 faces semi-circular shape pile tube 2 through the casing 1 of water white transparency is stated, process of the test is shot with video-corder.
The test method of the present invention for being used to observe shear deformation breaks down feature between pile tube and the slip casting soil body, its step
Including：
(1) top plate 4 of fixed platform is opened, experiment casing is fixed on bottom plate 4；
(2) pan soil 11 is laid in the bottom of pile tube model test box body 1；
(3) pile tube 2 of semicircular ring shape is placed on pan soil 11, perpendicular and the casing 1 of semi-circular shape pile tube 2
Lucite wall is contacted, and steel bushing 25 corresponding with pile tube, the inner surface of steel bushing 25 and pile tube are arranged outside semi-circular shape pile tube 2
The pre- space 24 for remaining for fill concrete between outer surface；Post some strain rosettes 22 in the pile tube outer surface；
(3) pressure-bearing steel plate 3, and the setting displacement transducer 21 on pressure-bearing steel plate 3 are set at the top of pile tube；
(4) casing is filled with the soil body 12, and the soil body 12 is tamped；
(5) grout injection 23 between semi-circular shape pile tube 2 and steel bushing 25, by the vibrating compacting of concrete 23, and
One side concrete perfusion is while extracting steel bushing 25 or extracting the steel bushing 25 before the initial set of cement mortar 23；The steel bushing 25
External diameter big 20mm~100mm of the internal diameter than the pile tube, according to the cement injection that different-thickness is made the need for experimental study
Body 23.
(6) casing 1 for being filled with concrete 23 is placed more than 28 days, treats that it solidifies.
(7) top plate of fixed platform is resetted, and installs load maintainer, and open camera device 8.
(8) top of jack pair semi-circular shape pile tube 2 applies pressure, increases the pressure of jack, until semi-circular shape pipe
Stake 2, which is lost between bearing capacity, i.e. pile tube and cement injection, the soil body, occurs failure by shear；Pressure is provided with the jack
Sensor 61.
(9) record, analyze the strain rosette 22, displacement transducer 21, the data of pressure sensor 61 and the institute of camera device 8
The process of the test shot with video-corder, is used as the basic data of analysis of experiments.
The experimental rig of shear deformation breaks down feature between pile tube and the different-thickness slip casting soil body is observed described in the present embodiment
Other structures referring to prior art.
The above described is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, any formal limitation not is made to the present invention, therefore
Every any modification that without departing from technical solution of the present invention content, the technical spirit according to the present invention is made to above example,
Equivalent variations and modification, in the range of still falling within technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of experimental rig for being used to observe shear deformation breaks down feature between pile tube and the slip casting soil body, including fixed platform,
Set pile tube model test box on the stationary platform, set on the stationary platform to pile tube model test box provide pressure plus
Mounted mechanism and monitoring system, it is characterised in that：
The fixed platform includes some connecting screw rods of bottom plate, top plate and connecting bottom board and top plate；
The pile tube model test box include bottom wall, with vertically disposed two side walls of bottom wall, be connected two side walls rear wall and
Antetheca, the antetheca is movably arranged between two side, and the antetheca is made of colourless transparent resin glass；
The load maintainer is arranged on the top plate, and positioned at the top of the pile tube；
The monitoring system include be arranged on pile tube top displacement transducer, be arranged on load maintainer pressure sensor,
And it is arranged on strain rosette group more than a row of the pile tube outer surface or a row；The strain rosette group is along the pile tube circumference
Direction is uniformly distributed；
The strain rosette group is included along the equally distributed some strain rosettes of the pile tube central axis direction, and the strain rosette is connected with
Automatic recording instrument.
2. it is used for the experimental rig for observing shear deformation breaks down feature between pile tube and the slip casting soil body according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that：The two side is provided with chute close to the side of the antetheca, and the two ends of the antetheca are arranged on the cunning
In groove；Position corresponding with the antetheca is provided with the groove coordinated with the antetheca on the bottom wall；The antetheca with it is described
What side wall was connected is provided at both ends with rib.
3. it is used for the experimental rig for observing shear deformation breaks down feature between pile tube and the slip casting soil body according to claim 2,
It is characterized in that：The cross section of the pile tube is semi-circular shape, the vertical section of the pile tube and the pile tube model test box
The antetheca contact of casing.
4. observing the experimental rig of shear deformation breaks down feature between pile tube and the slip casting soil body according to claim 2, it is special
Levy and be：Also include camera device, the camera device is arranged on top plate by connects bearing.
5. it is used for the experimental rig for observing shear deformation breaks down feature between pile tube and the slip casting soil body according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that：The load maintainer is jack or pressure testing machine.
6. it is used for the experimental rig for observing shear deformation breaks down feature between pile tube and the slip casting soil body according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that：Pressure-bearing steel plate is provided with the top of the pile tube, the load maintainer is acted on the pressure-bearing steel plate.
7. it is used to observe shear deformation breaks down feature between pile tube and the slip casting soil body according to any one of claim 1 to 6
Experimental rig, it is characterised in that：The limited block of the restricted pile tube model test box body position is set on the bottom plate.
8. a kind of test method for observing shear deformation breaks down feature between pile tube and the slip casting soil body, its step includes：
(1) pan soil is laid in pile tube model test box body bottom；
(2) the lucite wall that the tangent plane of semicircle pile tube is close to casing is placed on pan soil, be arranged outside pile tube and pile tube
Corresponding steel bushing, between steel bushing tube inner surface and pile tube outer surface the pre- space for remaining for grout injection；Outside the pile tube
Post some strain rosettes in surface；Displacement transducer is provided with the top of pile tube；
(3) casing is filled with the soil body, and the soil body is tamped；
(4) grout injection between pile tube and steel bushing, and one side grout injection is while extract steel bushing or in cement
The steel bushing is extracted before slurry initial set；
(5) casing of the pile tube and the cement injection soil body that will be equipped with solidification is placed on the bottom plate of fixed platform；
(6) load maintainer applies vertical pressure by bearing plate from top to pile tube, pressure is stepped up, until pile tube and surrounding
Occurs failure by shear between cement injection body；Pressure sensor is provided with the load maintainer；
(7) data of the strain rosette, displacement transducer and pressure sensor are recorded.
9. observing the test method of shear deformation breaks down feature between pile tube and the slip casting soil body according to claim 8, it is special
Levy and be：Casing equipped with concrete tubular pile stands the setting time more than 28 days before load maintainer applies pressure.
10. observing the test method of shear deformation breaks down feature between pile tube and the slip casting soil body according to claim 8, it is special
Levy and be：Camera device just is provided with to the side of lucite wall in the fixed platform.
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