CN105699212B - A kind of rock structural face cutting method - Google Patents
A kind of rock structural face cutting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105699212B CN105699212B CN201610062986.4A CN201610062986A CN105699212B CN 105699212 B CN105699212 B CN 105699212B CN 201610062986 A CN201610062986 A CN 201610062986A CN 105699212 B CN105699212 B CN 105699212B
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 178
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000000875 corresponding Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000004826 seaming Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003638 reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 abstract description 6
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 13
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002457 bidirectional Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004577 thatch Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/24—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady shearing forces
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/005—Electromagnetic means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/022—Environment of the test
- G01N2203/0222—Temperature
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of rock structural face cutting methods, it makes and heats including test specimen, apply normal pressure, application shearing force and data acquisition and analysis, device corresponding thereto includes sample system, platen system, loading system, data collecting system, roller group system and heating system.The sample system is the upper and lower two disks sillar of rock structural face containing bottoming hole；The loading system is divided into normal pressure load, the load of left shearing force and the load of right shearing force；Platen system is the load plate of two 7 fonts；Roller group system includes four groups of pressure roller groups, and loading system and platen system are connected；Heating system heating rod controls heating of the temperature realization of high-quality heat-resisting silicone oil in bottoming hole to two disk sillars above and below rock structural face；Data collecting system carries out data acquisition to pressure, displacement and temperature.The present invention can realize the double direction shear to rock structural face test specimen, and can realize the research to rock structural face shear property under different temperatures.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the shearings of rock structural face, and in particular to a kind of rock structural face shear and method.
Background technology
Rock structural face is the medium of generally existing in slope project, dam foundation engineering, mining engineering, and rock mass inside is a large amount of not
Continuous surface influences and determines the physico-mechanical properties of rock mass, and mechanics and its deformation of rock structural face are understood by shearing test
Feature provides important foundation for the design and its construction of various rock mass engineering projects.
Shear strength test is divided into non-limiting intensity shearing test and restricted shear strength test.Non-limiting intensity
Shearing test only has shear stress to exist on shear surface, exists without direct stress；Restricted intensity shearing test is on shear surface
Other than shear stress, there is also direct stress.It is more commonly restricted intensity shearing test, due to applying the pressure of normal pressure
There is friction between plate and rock sample, thus surveyed shear strength for rock sample actual shearing intensity and pressing plate and sample it
Between the sum of frictional force.
Due to the manufacturer's standard of ununified shear testing maschine, there are numerous rock structural face shears, these
Shear generally continues to use rock shearing device, meanwhile, the structure of experimental provision is improved, but rock structural face
There is difference in shearing, i.e. rock structural face is in shear history, and rock structural face sample is not again with simple rock shearing
Opposite sliding only is will produce in shear direction, and also will produce upward displacement in normal direction, that is, cuts swollen displacement.Common
Rock shearing experimental rig is since the pressing plate and sillar surface that apply shearing are in direct contact, the friction between pressing plate and sillar surface
Power is larger, and sillar cannot be moved freely in clamp surface, to limit moving up and down for structural plane sillar, obtained rock knot
Cut swollen displacement distortion in structure face.Therefore, what common rocks shearing test device was not suitable for study of rocks structural plane cuts swollen spy
Property.
The shear of traditional rock structural face is unidirectional shear, and there are many defects.General limitation rock
The lower wall sillar in stone structure face keeps the lower wall sillar of rock structural face motionless, and to the upper disk sillar of rock structural face
Upper surface applies normal pressure, while applying shearing force to the side of upper disk sillar, makes on rock structural face disk sillar in lower wall
Occur opposite shear-deformable in sillar substrate, by analyzing the relationship of shearing force and shear displacemant, obtains rock structural face
Shearing strength and shearing mechanical characteristic.And the Instability of rock mass engineering project is while often show as rock structural face upper and lower disk
Movement, such as the changing of the relative positions sliding of rock structural face under geological process.Power when disk and lower wall are cut simultaneously on study of rocks structural plane
Characteristic is learned to need to develop the experimental rig of rock structural face double direction shear.
In addition, experiments numerous at present is not directed to the development of rock shearing testing machine under condition of different temperatures.Rock
Different mechanical properties of rock is shown under condition of different temperatures, rock structural face, which is sheared, under condition of different temperatures to be in
Reveal different mechanical properties and cut Zhang Xiaoying, thus study of rocks shear strength be considered as temperature influence be also a key
Technology.
Invention content
For above-mentioned technical problem of the existing technology, the present invention proposes a kind of rock structural face of double direction shear and cuts
Cutting apparatus, and preferably propose the shear for including heating system.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows：
1, the rock structural face shear of double direction shear, to realize double direction shear
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of rock structural face shear of double direction shear, including sample system, platen system, load
System and data collecting system；It is characterized in that, the platen system includes four block pressur plate of upper and lower, left and right, 10 He of top board
Lower platen 22 is parallel and normotopia is arranged, and applies normal pressure；Left pressing plate 11 is parallel with right pressing plate 23 opposite and shifts to install, simultaneously
Apply shearing force.
The sample system is rock structural face test specimen, is boundary with rock structural face 21, is divided into disk on rock structural face
Sillar 33 and rock structural face lower wall sillar 32.
The platen system includes four block pressur plate of upper and lower, left and right, top board 10 and disk sillar 33 on rock structural face
Upper surface is parallel to be affixed, and left pressing plate 11 is parallel with the left surface of disk sillar 33 on rock structural face to be affixed and lower end and rock texture
Face 21 flushes, and lower platen 22 is parallel with the lower surface of rock structural face lower wall sillar 32 to be affixed, right pressing plate 23 and rock structural face
The right surface of lower wall sillar 32 is parallel to be affixed and upper end is flushed with rock structural face 21, the top board 10 and left pressing plate 11, under
Pressing plate 22 is fixedly connected with right pressing plate 23, respectively at 7 fonts.
The loading system, including normal pressure loading device, double direction shear force loading device and reaction frame, it is described
Normal pressure load includes seaming chuck 8, concave ball shape pressure head 40, load piston 3, hydraulic cylinder 2 and pedestal 29, the concave ball shape pressure head
40 are connected with seaming chuck 8 by hemisphere face cooperation, and 3 one end of load piston is stretched into hydraulic cylinder 2, and hydraulic cylinder 2 is fixed on reaction frame 1
Upper end, the pedestal 29 is located at 22 lower section of lower platen, and is fixed on the upper surface of 1 lower end of reaction frame；The double direction shear power adds
Carry and set including the left and right shearing force loading device that is oppositely arranged of misplacing, left shearing force loading device include servo motor I 18,
Speed reducer I 36, the first ball-screw 16, the first ball-screw cylinder 34 and left pressure head 14, realization apply shearing force from left to right,
Right shearing force loading device includes servo motor II 30, speed reducer II 38, the second ball-screw 28, the second ball-screw cylinder 13
And right pressure head 26, realization apply shearing force from right to left.
The data collecting system includes computer controller 31 and coupled first pressure sensor 4, second pressure
Sensor 15, third pressure sensor 27, the first elasticity modulus LVDT 6, second displacement extensometer LVDT 7.
The rock structural face shear of above-mentioned double direction shear includes roller group auxiliary system.The roller group system includes upper
Pressure roller group 9 pushes roller group 17, left pressure roller group 12 and right pressure roller group 24.Upper pressure roller group 9 between seaming chuck 8 and top board 10,
Roller group 17 is pushed between lower platen 22 and pedestal 29, left pressure roller group 12 is between left pressure head 14 and left pressing plate 11, right pressure
Roller group 24 is between right pressure head 26 and right pressing plate 23.Left pressure roller group 12 considerably reduces between left pressure head 14 and left pressing plate 11
Friction, right pressure roller group 24 considerably reduces the friction between right pressure head 26 and right pressing plate 23.Disk sillar on rock structural face
33 can move along left pressure roller group 12, so as to accurately obtain in rock structural face shear history Pan Yan on rock structural face
The Normal Displacement of block 33 cuts swollen displacement, upper pressure roller group 9 considerably reduces the friction between seaming chuck 8 and top board 10, under
Pressure roller group 17 considerably reduces the friction between pedestal 29 and lower platen 22, disk sillar 33, lower wall sillar on rock structural face
32 can move left and right along upper pressure roller group 9, pushing roller group 17.
The rock structural face shear of the double direction shear of appendix heating system, to realize temperature controlled rock texture
Face double direction shear
As shown in Fig. 2, on the basis of aforementioned schemes, it is proposed that preferred technical solution, the rock of the double direction shear
Stone structure face shear, further includes heating system.The heating system includes inside upper disk sillar and lower wall sillar
Bottoming hole and matched with bottoming hole and the intermediate rubber stopper for carrying heating rod, the rubber stopper are fixed on above and below by steel bar
Disk sillar surface.
Above-mentioned rock structural face shear, the data collecting system further include coupled temperature inductor, institute
Temperature sensor is stated to be located on the upper and lower disk sillar of rock structural face, it is accurate to obtain the temperature of the upper and lower disk sillar of rock structural face everywhere
Degree.Specifically, data collecting system include computer controller and coupled first pressure sensor, second pressure sensor,
Third pressure sensor, the first elasticity modulus LVDT, second displacement extensometer LVDT；And heating rod and temperature sensing are set
Device.
As shown in Fig. 2, the technical solution of the rock structural face shear of the double direction shear containing heating system is briefly described
It is as follows.A kind of rock structural face shear, including sample system, heating system, platen system, loading system and data acquisition
System；The sample system is that rock structural face test specimen is divided into disk sillar and rock on rock structural face using rock structural face as boundary
Stone structure face lower wall sillar；The heating system include be located at the upper and lower disk sillar of rock structural face inside bottoming hole and with add
Simultaneously the intermediate rubber stopper for carrying heating rod, the rubber stopper are fixed on upper and lower disk sillar surface by steel bar for hot hole matching；It is described
Platen system includes four block pressur plate of upper and lower, left and right, top board phase parallel with the upper surface of disk sillar on rock structural face
Patch, the left pressing plate is parallel with the left surface of disk sillar on rock structural face to be affixed and lower end is flushed with rock structural face, described
Lower platen is parallel with the lower surface of rock structural face lower wall sillar to be affixed, the right side of the right pressing plate and rock structural face lower wall sillar
Surface is parallel to be affixed and upper end is flushed with rock structural face, and the top board is fixedly connected with left pressing plate, lower platen with right pressing plate,
Respectively at 7 fonts；The loading system includes normal pressure load, the load of left shearing force and the load of right shearing force and reaction frame, institute
Normal pressure load is stated to include seaming chuck, concave ball shape pressure head, load piston, hydraulic cylinder and pedestal, the concave ball shape pressure head with it is upper
Pressure head is coordinated by hemisphere face and is connected, and load piston one end is stretched into hydraulic cylinder, and hydraulic cylinder is fixed on reaction frame upper end, the bottom
Seat is located at below lower platen, and is fixed on the upper surface of reaction frame lower end；The left shearing force load includes servo motor I, subtracts
Fast machine I, the first ball-screw, the first ball-screw cylinder and left pressure head, the left pressure head are located at left pressing plate left, with the first ball
Leading screw cylinder is connected, and the first ball-screw stretches into the first ball-screw cylinder；The right shearing force load includes servo motor II, subtracts
Fast machine II, the second ball-screw, the second ball-screw cylinder and right pressure head, the right pressure head are located at right pressing plate right, with the second rolling
Ballscrew cylinder is connected, and the second ball-screw stretches into the second ball-screw cylinder；The data collecting system includes computer controller
And coupled first pressure sensor, second pressure sensor, third pressure sensor, the first elasticity modulus LVDT,
Two elasticity modulus LVDT and heating rod, the first pressure sensor is located between load piston and concave ball shape pressure head, described
For second pressure sensor between left pressure head and the first ball-screw cylinder, the third pressure sensor is located at right pressure head and
Between two ball-screw cylinders, the first elasticity modulus LVDT is placed in seaming chuck left end upper surface, and the second displacement is extended
Meter LVDT is placed in seaming chuck right end upper surface, and the heating rod stretches into bottoming hole bottom.
The application process of the rock structural face shear of double direction shear
By taking the rock structural face shear of the double direction shear comprising heating system as an example, illustrate.Specifically include as
Lower step：It makes and heats including test specimen, apply normal pressure, application shearing force and data acquisition and analysis.
（1）Test specimen makes and heating：Rock structural face sillar is chosen in mine working engineering site, is cut to parallel
Hexahedron test specimen, and several bottoming holes are respectively processed on the upper and lower disk sillar of rock structural face, high-quality high temperature resistant of injection in it
The rubber stopper seal bottoming hole with heating rod is used in combination in silicone oil, compresses rubber stopper with steel bar, is then heated；
（2）Apply normal pressure：The size of normal pressure is controlled by computer controller, then is lived by the load of hydraulic cylinder
It thrusts seaming chuck and corresponding normal pressure is provided, and then pass to disk sillar on rock structural face；
（3）Apply shearing force：Servo motor I and speed reducer I drive the first ball-screw cylinder to be moved along slideway I, left pressure head
Shearing force is applied to disk sillar on rock structural face from left to right, passes through the load of disk sillar on computer controller control structure face
Shear displacemant rate, servo motor II and speed reducer II drive the second ball-screw cylinder to be moved along slideway II, right pressure head from the right side to
A left side applies shearing force to structural plane lower wall sillar, and the load shear displacemant rate of lower wall sillar is controlled by computer controller；
（4）Data collection and analysis：Rock is acquired in real time by the first elasticity modulus LVDT and second displacement extensometer LVDT
The normal direction of disk sillar cuts swollen displacement on stone structure face, and rock is acquired in real time by second pressure sensor, third pressure sensor
The size of the shearing force of the upper and lower disk sillar of structural plane, while servo motor I, II can feed back the shearing position of upper and lower disk sillar
It moves, by the normal pressure of first pressure sensor real-time control rock structural face sillar, when first pressure sensor is fed back
Pressure value when being more than the preset pressure value of program, computer controller moves instruction load piston into hydraulic cylinder, until the
One pressure sensor feeds back the pressure value and is equal to the preset pressure value of program, otherwise when first pressure sensor feeds back the pressure
When force value is less than program preset pressure value, computer controller moves instruction load piston to outside hydraulic cylinder, until the first pressure
Force snesor feeds back the pressure value and is equal to the preset pressure value of program.
Above-mentioned rock structural face cutting method, step（1）Heating temperature be 50-150 DEG C.
Above-mentioned rock structural face cutting method, step（3）The load shear displacemant rate of the upper and lower disk sillar of rock structural face
Respectively 0 ~ 0.01mm/s, and the load shearing relative displacement rate of the upper and lower disk sillar of rock structural face is 0.01mm/s.
The advantageous effect of the device of the invention and method
The beneficial effects of the present invention are：1）Biaxial loadings device is arranged in the present invention, can be to the upper and lower disk of rock structural face
Apply shearing force obtains the shearing strength and shear property of rock structural face under double direction shear to sillar simultaneously；2）Present invention setting adds
Thermal can obtain the rock structural face shear property under condition of different temperatures；3）Left and right pressure roller group is arranged in the present invention, allows
The upper and lower disk sillar of rock structural face, is freely moved up and down by pressure roller group, to accurately obtain rock structural face shear history
In cut swollen displacement.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the rock structural face shear schematic diagram of double direction shear.
Fig. 2 is the rock structural face shear structural schematic diagram of the double direction shear comprising heating system.
Fig. 3 is the heating system schematic diagram of the present invention.
In figure：1, reaction frame, 2, hydraulic cylinder, 3, load piston, 4, first pressure sensor, 5, rubber stopper, 6, first
Move extensometer LVDT, 7, second displacement extensometer LVDT, 8, seaming chuck, 9, upper pressure roller group, 10, top board, 11, left pressing plate, 12,
Left pressure roller group, the 13, second ball-screw cylinder, 14, left pressure head, 15, second pressure sensor, the 16, first ball-screw, 17, under
Pressure roller group, 18, servo motor I, 19, steel bar, 20, bottoming hole, 21, rock structural face, 22, lower platen, 23, right pressing plate, 24, right
Pressure roller group, 25, heating rod, 26, right pressure head, 27, third pressure sensor, the 28, second ball-screw, 29, pedestal, 30, servo
Motor II, 31, computer controller, 32, rock structural face lower wall sillar, 33, disk sillar on rock structural face, the 34, first ball
Leading screw cylinder, 35, temperature sensor, 36, speed reducer I, 37, slideway I, 38, speed reducer II, 39, slideway II, 40, concave ball shape pressure
Head, 41, bolt, 42, high-quality high temperature resistant silicone oil.
Specific implementation mode
Invention is further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
Such as Fig. 1,2,3, rock structural face shear of the invention, including sample system, heating system, platen system,
Roller group system, loading system and data collecting system.The sample system is rock structural face test specimen, is with rock structural face 21
Boundary is divided into disk sillar 33 and rock structural face lower wall sillar 32 on rock structural face；The heating system includes being located at rock knot
It the bottoming hole 20 of the upper and lower disk sillar in structure face and is matched with bottoming hole and the intermediate rubber stopper 5 for carrying heating rod 25, the rubber stopper
5 are fixed on rock structural face upper and lower disk sillar surface by steel bar 19；The platen system includes four pieces of upper and lower, left and right pressure
Plate, the top board 10 is parallel with the upper surface of disk sillar 33 on rock structural face to be affixed, the left pressing plate 11 and rock texture
The left surface of disk sillar 33 is parallel on face is affixed and lower end is flushed with rock structural face 21, lower platen 22 and rock structural face lower wall
The lower surface of sillar 32 is parallel to be affixed, right pressing plate 23 is parallel with the right surface of rock structural face lower wall sillar 32 be affixed and upper end with
Rock structural face 21 flushes, and the top board 10 is fixedly connected with left pressing plate 11, lower platen 22 with right pressing plate 23, respectively at 7 fonts.
The loading system includes normal pressure load, the load of left shearing force and the load of right shearing force and reaction frame, the normal pressure
Load includes seaming chuck 8, concave ball shape pressure head 40, load piston 3, hydraulic cylinder 2 and pedestal 29, the concave ball shape pressure head 40 and upper pressure
First 8 are connected by hemisphere face cooperation, and 3 one end of load piston is stretched into hydraulic cylinder 2, and hydraulic cylinder 2 is fixed on 1 upper end of reaction frame, institute
It states pedestal 29 and is located at 22 lower section of lower platen, and be fixed on the upper surface of 1 lower end of reaction frame；The left shearing force load includes servo
Motor I 18, speed reducer I 36, the first ball-screw 16, the first ball-screw cylinder 34 and left pressure head 14, servo motor I 18 and subtract
Fast machine I 36 drives the first ball-screw cylinder 34 to be moved along slideway I 37, to realize left pressure head 14 from left to right to rock texture
Disk sillar 33 applies shearing force on face, and the right shearing force load includes servo motor II 30, speed reducer II 38, the second ball wire
Thick stick 28, the second ball-screw cylinder 13 and right pressure head 26, servo motor II 30 and speed reducer II 38 drive the second ball-screw cylinder
13 move along slideway II 39, to realize that right pressure head 26 applies shearing force to rock structural face lower wall sillar 32 from right to left；Institute
It states roller group system to include upper pressure roller group 9, push roller group 17, left pressure roller group 12 and right pressure roller group 24, the upper pressure roller group 9 is located at upper
Between pressure head 8 and top board 10, between lower platen 22 and pedestal 29, the left pressure roller group 12 is located at the pushing roller group 17
Between left pressure head 14 and left pressing plate 11, the right pressure roller group 24 is between right pressure head 26 and right pressing plate 23；The data acquisition
System includes computer controller 31 and coupled first pressure sensor 4, second pressure sensor 15, third pressure sensor
27, the first elasticity modulus LVDT 6, second displacement extensometer LVDT 7, heating rod 25 and temperature sensor 35, described first
Pressure sensor 4 is located between load piston 3 and concave ball shape pressure head 40, and the second pressure sensor 15 is located at 14 He of left pressure head
Between first ball-screw cylinder 34, the third pressure sensor 27 between right pressure head 26 and the second ball-screw cylinder 13,
The first elasticity modulus LVDT 6 is located at 8 left end upper surface of seaming chuck, and the second displacement extensometer LVDT 7 is located at upper
8 right end upper surface of pressure head, the heating rod 25 stretch into 20 bottom of bottoming hole, and the temperature sensor 35 is located on rock structural face
On disk sillar 33 and rock structural face lower wall sillar 32.
The implementation that the present invention will be described in detail of embodiment 1 ~ 7 is set forth below.Wherein embodiment 1 ~ 6 is to be using comprising heating
The embodiment of the rock structural face shear of the double direction shear of system, embodiment 7 are the double direction shear not comprising heating system
The embodiment of rock structural face shear.
Embodiment 1
The rock structural face cutting method of the present invention, includes the following steps：
（1）Test specimen makes and heating：Disk on the maokou limestone comprising rock structural face is chosen in mine working engineering site
Sillar and lower wall sillar.Disk sillar on maokou limestone rock structural face and lower wall sillar are cut into:Length × width × height=20cm
The test specimen of × 10cm × 15cm, on maokou limestone rock structural face disk sillar 33, respectively process 4 bottoming holes on lower wall sillar 32
20, depth is the 2/3 of sillar sample thickness, then high-quality high temperature resistant silicone oil 42 of injection in it, with heating rod 25
Rubber stopper 5 and bottoming hole 20 are bonded and are sealed with high temperature resistant cement, be used in combination steel bar 19 by rubber by 5 heated sealed hole 20 of rubber stopper
Rubber plug 5 tightly blocks bottoming hole 20, and steel bar 19 is fixed on the surface of rock structural face upper lower burrs sillar by bolt 41, bonding and
After sealing for 24 hours, computer controller 31 controls the heating temperature of heating rod 25, by the upper and lower disk sillar of maokou limestone rock structural face
Temperature be heated to 50 DEG C, after heating 5h, pass through the temperature sensing of disk sillar 33 and lower wall sillar 32 everywhere on rock structural face
The average temperature value that device 35 obtains upper and lower disk sillar is 48.5 DEG C.
（2）Apply normal pressure：The size that normal pressure is controlled by computer controller 31 is 40KN, the liquid of servo-drive system
The load piston 3 of cylinder pressure 2 provides normal pressure 40KN to seaming chuck 8, and seaming chuck 8 is by upper pressure roller group 9 and top board 10 by method
Disk sillar 33 on rock structural face is passed to pressure 40KN.
（4）Apply shearing force：First ball-screw 16 drives left pressure head 14 from left to right to disk sillar on rock structural face
33 apply shearing force, and the load shear displacemant rate that disk sillar 33 on rock structural face is controlled by computer controller 31 is
0.005mm/s；Second ball-screw 28 drives right pressure head 26 to apply from right to left to rock structural face lower wall sillar 32 and shears
Power, the load shear displacemant rate that rock structural face lower wall sillar 32 is controlled by computer controller 31 are 0.005mm/s.
（5）Data acquire：Rock is acquired in real time by the first elasticity modulus LVDT 6, second displacement extensometer LVDT 7
The normal direction of disk sillar 33 cuts swollen displacement on rock structural face in structural plane shear history, passes through second pressure sensor 15,
Three pressure sensors 27 acquire the size of the shearing force of the upper and lower disk sillar of real-time rock structural face, while being passed by first pressure
The normal pressure of disk sillar 33 on 4 real-time control rock structural face of sensor.
The maokou limestone rock structural face shearing peak strength that above-mentioned treatment conditions obtain is 4.26 ± 0.82 MPa, peak
It is 0.75 ± 0.16mm that value, which cuts swollen displacement,.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment uses embodiment substantially the same manner as Example 1, the difference is that：Step（1）By thatch mouthful ash
The temperature of high-quality heat-resisting silicone oil in the upper and lower disk sillar bottoming hole of rock rock structural face is heated to 100 DEG C, after heating 5h, passes through
The average temperature value that the temperature sensor of disk sillar and lower wall sillar everywhere obtains upper and lower disk sillar on rock structural face is 94.5
℃。
The maokou limestone rock structural face shearing peak strength that above-mentioned treatment conditions obtain is 5.71 ± 1.10 MPa, peak
It is 1.03 ± 0.27mm that value, which cuts swollen displacement,
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment uses embodiment substantially the same manner as Example 1, the difference is that：Suddenly（1）By maokou limestone
The temperature of high-quality heat-resisting silicone oil in the upper and lower disk sillar bottoming hole of rock structural face is heated to 150 DEG C, after heating 5h, passes through rock
The average temperature value that the temperature sensor of disk sillar and lower wall sillar everywhere obtains upper and lower disk sillar on stone structure face is 138.3
℃。
The maokou limestone rock structural face shearing peak strength that above-mentioned treatment conditions obtain is 3.89 ± 0.95 MPa, peak
It is 1.36 ± 0.35mm that value, which cuts swollen displacement,.
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment uses embodiment substantially the same manner as Example 1, the difference is that：Step（3）Pass through computer
The load shear displacemant rate that controller 31 controls disk sillar 33 on rock structural face is 0.003mm/s, rock structural face lower wall
The load shear displacemant rate of sillar 32 is 0.007 mm/s, and the relative displacement rate of the upper and lower disk sillar of rock structural face is
0.01 mm/s。
The maokou limestone rock structural face shearing peak strength that above-mentioned treatment conditions obtain is 5.16 ± 0.80 MPa, peak
It is 0.85 ± 0.21mm that value, which cuts swollen displacement,.
Embodiment 5
The present embodiment uses embodiment substantially the same manner as Example 1, the difference is that：Step（3）Pass through computer
The load shear displacemant rate that controller 31 controls disk sillar 33 on rock structural face is 0.001mm/s, rock structural face lower wall
The load shear displacemant rate of sillar 32 is 0.009 mm/s, and the relative displacement rate of the upper and lower disk sillar of rock structural face is
0.01 mm/s。
The maokou limestone rock structural face shearing peak strength that above-mentioned treatment conditions obtain is 6.34 ± 1.27 MPa, peak
It is 0.60 ± 0.23mm that value, which cuts swollen displacement,.
Embodiment 6
The present embodiment uses embodiment substantially the same manner as Example 1, the difference is that：Step（3）Pass through computer
The load shear displacemant rate that controller 31 controls disk sillar 33 on rock structural face is 0.01mm/s, rock structural face lower wall rock
The relative displacement rate of 32 static fixation of block, the upper and lower disk sillar of rock structural face is 0.01 mm/s.
The maokou limestone rock structural face shearing peak strength that above-mentioned treatment conditions obtain is 7.54 ± 1.05MPa, peak
It is 0.43 ± 0.12 mm that value, which cuts swollen displacement,.
Embodiment 7
The present embodiment uses embodiment substantially the same manner as Example 1, the difference is that shown in FIG. 1 being cut using attached
Cutting apparatus is not provided with heating device on maokou limestone rock structural face in disk sillar and lower wall sillar.At room temperature, it is not provided with
Under conditions of heating system, when the biaxial loadings shear displacemant rate of the upper and lower disk sillar of rock structural face is 0.005mm/s,
When the relative displacement rate of the upper and lower disk sillar of rock structural face is 0.01 mm/s, it is strong that maokou limestone rock structural face shears peak value
Degree is 3.16 ± 0.37MPa, and it is 1.10 ± 0.16 mm that peak value, which cuts swollen displacement,.
It, can be more truly according to above-described embodiment it is found that by the Bidirectional shearing device and method of rock structural face
Research and the reflection upper and lower disk sillar of rock structural face shear the mechanical state under changing of the relative positions state at the same time.In particular, simulation is different
At a temperature of rock structural face mechanical property variation.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of rock structural face cutting method, which is characterized in that make and heat including test specimen, apply normal pressure, apply
Shearing force and data acquisition and analysis, specifically include：
（1）Test specimen makes and heating：Rock structural face sillar is chosen in mine working engineering site, is cut to parallel six face
Body test specimen, and several bottoming holes are respectively processed on the upper and lower disk sillar of rock structural face, high-quality high temperature resistant silicon of injection in it
The rubber stopper seal bottoming hole with heating rod is used in combination in oil, compresses rubber stopper with steel bar, is then heated；
（2）Apply normal pressure：The size of normal pressure is controlled by computer controller, then is given by the load piston of hydraulic cylinder
Seaming chuck provides corresponding normal pressure, and then passes to disk sillar on rock structural face；
（3）Apply shearing force：Servo motor I and speed reducer I drive the first ball-screw cylinder to be moved along slideway I, and left pressure head is from a left side
Shearing force is applied to disk sillar on rock structural face to the right side, is sheared by the load of disk sillar on computer controller control structure face
Rate of displacement, servo motor II and speed reducer II drive the second ball-screw cylinder to be moved along slideway II, and right pressure head is right from right to left
Structural plane lower wall sillar applies shearing force, and the load shear displacemant rate of lower wall sillar is controlled by computer controller；
（4）Data collection and analysis：Rock knot is acquired in real time by the first elasticity modulus LVDT and second displacement extensometer LVDT
The normal direction of disk sillar cuts swollen displacement on structure face, and rock texture is acquired in real time by second pressure sensor, third pressure sensor
The size of the shearing force of the upper and lower disk sillar in face, while servo motor I, II can feed back the shear displacemant of upper and lower disk sillar, lead to
The normal pressure for crossing first pressure sensor real-time control rock structural face sillar, when first pressure sensor feeds back the pressure
When being worth pressure value preset more than program, computer controller moves instruction load piston into hydraulic cylinder, until first pressure
The pressure value that sensor feedback goes out is equal to the preset pressure value of program, otherwise when to feed back the pressure value small for first pressure sensor
When program preset pressure value, computer controller moves instruction load piston to outside hydraulic cylinder, until first pressure senses
Device feeds back the pressure value and is equal to the preset pressure value of program；
Wherein, step（1）Heating temperature be 50-150 DEG C；
The rock structural face cutting method is realized by the rock structural face shear of double direction shear comprising test specimen system
System, platen system, loading system and data collecting system；The platen system includes four block pressur plate of upper and lower, left and right, top board
（10）And lower platen（22）Parallel and normotopia is arranged, and applies normal pressure；Left pressing plate（11）With right pressing plate（23）It is parallel opposite and
It shifts to install, while applying shearing force.
2. rock structural face cutting method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step（3）Rock structural face is upper and lower
The load shear displacemant rate of disk sillar is respectively 0 ~ 0.01mm/s, and phase is sheared in the load of the upper and lower disk sillar of rock structural face
It is 0.01mm/s to rate of displacement.
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| CN103884608A (en) | 2014-06-25 |
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