CN103323340A - Mechanical property test device and method of steel-concrete contact interface - Google Patents
Mechanical property test device and method of steel-concrete contact interface Download PDFInfo
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- CN103323340A CN103323340A CN2013102525584A CN201310252558A CN103323340A CN 103323340 A CN103323340 A CN 103323340A CN 2013102525584 A CN2013102525584 A CN 2013102525584A CN 201310252558 A CN201310252558 A CN 201310252558A CN 103323340 A CN103323340 A CN 103323340A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a mechanical property test device and a method of a steel-concrete contact interface, aiming to test the mechanical property of the steel-concrete interface under different normal stress and normal rigidity conditions without friction factor interference. According to the device and the method, four tests of equal normal rigidity shearing, equal normal stress shearing, infinite normal rigidity shearing and interface tensile are finished by using a set of device. Besides, in the scheme, the interface normal load direction is horizontal and is perpendicular to the gravity direction and parallel to the sample and base contact surface, and the applying of the normal load does not cause friction which affects the test result, so that the accuracy of the test result is greatly improved. In the scheme, the contact interface area stays the same in the interface shearing process, and the test error caused by reduction of the shearing interface is avoided.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to material contact interface mechanics parameters field tests, specifically steel in the civil engineering work-concrete contact interface mechanical property testing.
Background technology
Along with the develop rapidly of national basis Facilities Construction, steel casing embedded rock pile is used for the national Important Project such as Longspan Bridge, high-rise building, large pier in a large number.Compare with conventional concrete stake or steel-pipe pile, the characteristics of steel casing embedded rock pile and similar steel tube concrete pile maximum are the effect of outer steel casing and the common bearing load of inner concrete, fractional load acts on steel casing surface, be passed to pile body inside by the interface between steel casing and the inner concrete and be passed to again ground, therefore, during the pile foundation stand under load between steel-concrete the mechanical characteristic of contact interface will directly affect the load-carrying properties of steel casing embedded rock pile.The mechanical characteristic at interface mainly comprises interface shearing characteristic and tensile characteristics, and wherein shear property comprises: shear stress is with cutting change in displacement rule, interfacial failure rule, and the residual strength Changing Pattern etc. that repeats interface under the shearing condition.
The interface shearing test is the basic skills that obtains steel-concrete interface shearing characteristic.Existing interface shearing test method and device generally derive from method and the device of Rock And Soil direct shear test, being about to steel plate to be measured and concrete to be measured is placed on respectively up and down in two shear boxs, fixing upper shear box is motionless, and apply certain vertical load at upper shear box top, then promote the down cut box with certain shear rate, make the contact interface between the bi-material produce shear displacemant, the relation in this process between record shear stress and the shear displacemant; Change different vertical loads and carry out revision test, the assay surface normal stress is on the impact of interface shearing characteristic.Class is steely-and concrete interface shearing attribute testing obtained certain achievement, but relevant test method and test unit have certain defective, as in order to destroy the interface normal stress to the impact of interface shearing characteristic, apply the vertical load identical with gravity direction at upper shear box top, the load that material is subject in the upper shear box is by box wall going down, together with the gravity of upper shear box self, make the certain friction force of generation between the upper and lower shear box; Simultaneously, the down cut box will place on the rigid base, under the effect of upper load, must also can produce friction force between down cut box and base.Steel-concrete interface shearing characteristic is different from traditional soil body shear test, is the simulation Practical Project, and the vertical load that applies is generally larger, and above two parts friction generally is difficult to ignore on the impact of test findings, and then affects the degree of accuracy of test findings.For traditional shear test, shear history median surface contact area also can reduce with the increase of shear displacemant, thereby makes test findings produce error.Simultaneously, for the tensile characteristics of steel-concrete contact interface, generally need to utilize other test unit to test, cause the waste of resource.
The mechanical characteristic of steel-concrete contact interface is not only relevant with the normal stress at interface, and is also relevant with the normal stiffness at interface, is subjected to simultaneously the impact of the factors such as abrasion resistance of roughness, the material at concrete intensity, interface.At present, traditional steel-concrete interface mechanics attribute testing is only more to the research of the shear property under the different normal stress conditions, not yet forms comprehensive, ripe steel-concrete interface mechanics characteristic measurement technology.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of friction factor of avoiding and disturb, and can realize under different normal stresses, normal stiffness condition device to steel-concrete interface mechanics characteristic measurement.
For realizing that the technical scheme that the object of the invention adopts is such, a kind of steel-concrete contact interface mechanical property testing device comprises at least two guide rails that are horizontally disposed with and are parallel to each other.Lay base on the described guide rail, the two ends of described guide rail are separately installed with fixedly rigid baffle and movable rigid baffle.The plate face of described fixedly rigid baffle and movable rigid baffle is over against base, and the relative position of described fixedly rigid baffle and guide rail immobilizes, and described movable rigid baffle and base can slide along guide rail under external force.
Described base has a horizontal upper end face.During test, described upper surface carrying tested sample.Described tested sample comprises a steel plate to be measured that vertically is placed on the base, towards fixedly rigid baffle and movably rigid baffle, two plate faces of described steel plate to be measured cohere with concrete block I and concrete block II respectively two plate faces of described steel plate to be measured respectively.Described concrete block I contacts with the rigid cover plate I towards the fixing side of rigid baffle, and described concrete block II contacts with the rigid cover plate II towards the side of movable rigid baffle.During test, described rigid cover plate I and the web member I fixedly is installed between the rigid baffle, namely an end of the described web member I plate face, the other end that are connected to the rigid cover plate I is connected to the fixedly plate face of rigid baffle.Between described rigid cover plate II and the movable rigid baffle web member II is installed, namely an end of web member II is connected to the plate face of rigid cover plate II, the plate face that the other end is connected to movable rigid baffle.
One side of described guide rail has level and loads and measurement mechanism, and described level loads and the telescopic end of measurement mechanism is connected with described steel plate to be measured.During test, described level loads and measurement mechanism applies thrust or pulling force perpendicular to the guide rail direction to steel plate to be measured.
The described movable rigid baffle dorsad plate face of tested sample is connected with the pressure head of servo-hydraulic charger.During test, described servo-hydraulic charger applies the thrust that is parallel to the guide rail direction to movable rigid baffle.
Another object of the present invention is to adopt above-mentioned steel-concrete contact interface mechanical property testing device to wait the method for normal stiffness test, may further comprise the steps:
1) test steels plate size is on request cut into rectangle steel plate to be measured, described steel plate to be measured have two plate faces, up and down two end faces and about two end faces.The lower surface of described steel plate to be measured is shelved on the upper surface of described base also so that two plate faces of described steel plate to be measured are vertical with guide rail.The left side of described steel plate to be measured is connected with the telescopic end of horizontal loading apparatus.
2) in the both sides of described steel plate to be measured mold box and casting concrete are set, after maintenance, so that two plate faces of described steel plate to be measured cohere with concrete block I and concrete block II respectively.Cohere with steel plate to be measured the inboard of described concrete block I, the outside contacts with the rigid cover plate I.Cohere with steel plate to be measured the inboard of described concrete block II, the outside contacts with the rigid cover plate II.
3) restriction concrete block I and concrete block II are installed along the lateral confinement device I and the lateral confinement device II that move perpendicular to the guide rail direction at described upper surface.
4) in rigid cover plate I and fixing installation connecting element I between the rigid baffle, installation connecting element II between rigid cover plate II and movable rigid baffle.Described web member I and web member II are spring.
5) start the servo-hydraulic charger, make it apply default load to movable rigid baffle.Afterwards, the servo-hydraulic charger is locked, so that the position of movable rigid baffle is fixed.
6) start horizontal loading apparatus, make it apply thrust perpendicular to the guide rail direction to steel plate to be measured.So that shear failure occurs in the interface that steel plate to be measured contacts with the both sides concrete.
7) by horizontal loading apparatus steel plate to be measured is applied the pulling force opposite with the described thrust direction of step 6), make steel plate to be measured get back to initial position along the mobile route of step 6);
8) by horizontal loading apparatus steel plate to be measured is applied the thrust identical with the described thrust direction of step 6), the position when making steel plate to be measured get back to the step 6) termination;
9) repeating step 7)～8), until steel plate to be measured contacts the shear resistance at the interface rear end operation that tends towards stability with concrete.
Another object of the present invention is to adopt the described steel of preamble-concrete contact interface mechanical property testing device to wait the method for normal pressure test, may further comprise the steps:
1) test steels plate size is on request cut into rectangle steel plate to be measured, described steel plate to be measured have two plate faces, up and down two end faces and about two end faces.The lower surface of described steel plate to be measured is shelved on the upper surface of described base, and so that two plate faces of described steel plate to be measured are vertical with guide rail.The left side of described steel plate to be measured is connected with the telescopic end of horizontal loading apparatus.
2) in the both sides of described steel plate to be measured mold box and casting concrete are set, after maintenance, so that two plate faces of described steel plate to be measured cohere with concrete block I and concrete block II respectively.Cohere with steel plate to be measured the inboard of described concrete block I, the outside contacts with the rigid cover plate I.Cohere with steel plate to be measured the inboard of described concrete block II, the outside contacts with the rigid cover plate II.
3) restriction concrete block I and concrete block II are installed along the lateral confinement device I and the lateral confinement device II that move perpendicular to the guide rail direction at described upper surface.
4) in rigid cover plate I and fixing installation connecting element I between the rigid baffle, installation connecting element II between rigid cover plate II and movable rigid baffle.Described web member I and web member II are spring.
5) start the servo-hydraulic charger, make it apply default load to movable rigid baffle.After process of the test in, keep described default load constant.
6) start horizontal loading apparatus, make it apply thrust perpendicular to the guide rail direction to steel plate to be measured.So that shear failure occurs in the interface that steel plate to be measured contacts with the both sides concrete.
7) by horizontal loading apparatus steel plate to be measured is applied the pulling force opposite with the described thrust direction of step 6), make steel plate to be measured get back to initial position along the mobile route of step 6);
8) by horizontal loading apparatus steel plate to be measured is applied the thrust identical with the described thrust direction of step 6), the position when making steel plate to be measured get back to the step 6) termination;
9) repeating step 7)～8), until steel plate to be measured contacts the shear resistance at the interface rear end operation that tends towards stability with concrete.
Another object of the present invention is to adopt the described steel of preamble-concrete contact interface mechanical property testing device to carry out the method for infinitely great normal stiffness test, it is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
1) test steels plate size is on request cut into rectangle steel plate to be measured, described steel plate to be measured have two plate faces, up and down two end faces and about two end faces.The lower surface of described steel plate to be measured is shelved on the upper surface of described base, and so that two plate faces of described steel plate to be measured are vertical with guide rail.The left side of described steel plate to be measured is connected with the telescopic end of horizontal loading apparatus.
2) in the both sides of described steel plate to be measured mold box and casting concrete are set, after maintenance, so that two plate faces of described steel plate to be measured cohere with concrete block I and concrete block II respectively.Cohere with steel plate to be measured the inboard of described concrete block I, the outside contacts with the rigid cover plate I.Cohere with steel plate to be measured the inboard of described concrete block II, the outside contacts with the rigid cover plate II.
3) restriction concrete block I and concrete block II are installed along the lateral confinement device I and the lateral confinement device II that move perpendicular to the guide rail direction at described upper surface.
4) in rigid cover plate I and fixing installation connecting element I between the rigid baffle, installation connecting element II between rigid cover plate II and movable rigid baffle.Described web member I and web member II are rigid connecting rod.
5) start the servo-hydraulic charger, make it apply default load to movable rigid baffle.Afterwards, the servo-hydraulic charger is locked, so that the position of movable rigid baffle is fixed.
6) start horizontal loading apparatus, make it apply thrust perpendicular to the guide rail direction to steel plate to be measured.So that shear failure occurs in the interface that steel plate to be measured contacts with the both sides concrete.
7) by horizontal loading apparatus steel plate to be measured is applied the pulling force opposite with the described thrust direction of step 6), make steel plate to be measured get back to initial position along the mobile route of step 6);
8) by horizontal loading apparatus steel plate to be measured is applied the thrust identical with the described thrust direction of step 6), the position when making steel plate to be measured get back to the step 6) termination;
9) repeating step 7)～8), until steel plate to be measured contacts the shear resistance at the interface rear end operation that tends towards stability with concrete.
Another object of the present invention is to adopt the described steel of preamble-concrete contact interface mechanical property testing device to carry out steel-concrete contact interface tensile test, may further comprise the steps:
1) test steels plate size is on request cut into rectangle steel plate to be measured, described steel plate to be measured have two plate faces, up and down two end faces and about two end faces; The lower surface of described steel plate to be measured is shelved on the upper surface of described base, and so that two plate faces of described steel plate to be measured are vertical with guide rail; The left side of described steel plate to be measured is connected with the telescopic end of horizontal loading apparatus;
2) in the both sides of described steel plate to be measured mold box and casting concrete are set, after maintenance, so that two plate faces of described steel plate to be measured cohere with concrete block I and concrete block II respectively; Cohere with steel plate to be measured the inboard of described concrete block I, the outside is connected with the rigid cover plate I; Cohere with steel plate to be measured the inboard of described concrete block II, the outside is connected with the rigid cover plate II;
3) in rigid cover plate I and fixing installation connecting element I between the rigid baffle, installation connecting element II between rigid cover plate II and movable rigid baffle; Described web member I and web member II are rigid connecting rod;
4) start the servo-hydraulic charger, make it apply pulling force to movable rigid baffle; Until the surface of contact of steel plate to be measured and concrete block I or concrete block II destroys.
Useful technique effect of the present invention comprises:
1, can adopt a covering device finish the normal stiffness such as interface shear, etc. at least four kinds of tests such as normal stress shearing, the shearing of infinitely great normal stiffness, interface tension;
2, interface normal direction load loading direction level is vertical with gravity direction, and is parallel with the base surface of contact with sample, and not applying of normal direction load can bring the friction that affects test findings, greatly improved the degree of accuracy of test findings;
3, the contact interface area remains unchanged in the interface shearing process, can not produce the test error that shear interface reduces to bring.
Description of drawings
Device of the present invention can further specify by the indefiniteness embodiment that accompanying drawing provides.
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the embodiment of the invention 2 and 3;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the embodiment of the invention 4.
Among the figure: the 1-level loads and measurement mechanism, 2-lateral confinement device I, 3-upper surface, 4-web member I, 5-is rigid baffle fixedly, 6-rigid cover plate I, 7-lateral confinement device II, 8-steel plate to be measured, 9-rigid cover plate II, the movable rigid baffle of 10-, 11-guide rail, 12-servo-hydraulic charger, 13-web member II, 15-tested sample, 16-base, 17-concrete block I, 18-concrete block II.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, only limits to following embodiment but should not be construed the above-mentioned subject area of the present invention.In the situation that do not break away from the above-mentioned technological thought of the present invention, according to ordinary skill knowledge and customary means, make various replacements and change, all should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
The present embodiment discloses a kind of steel-concrete contact interface mechanical property testing device, comprises at least two guide rails 11 that are horizontally disposed with and are parallel to each other.Lay base 16 on the described guide rail 11, the two ends of described guide rail 11 are separately installed with fixedly rigid baffle 5 and movable rigid baffle 10.Because the position relationship of all parts is important in the present embodiment, further specifies: described " two ends of guide rail 11 " refer to two relative directions that the object that is placed on the guide rail 11 slides along guide rail.
A plate face of described fixedly rigid baffle 5 is towards base 16, and is same, and a plate face of movable rigid baffle 10 is also towards base 16, and namely base 16 is fixedly between rigid baffle 5 and the movable rigid baffle 10.Described fixedly rigid baffle 5 immobilizes with the relative position of guide rail 11, and described movable rigid baffle 10 and base 16 can slide along guide rail 11 under external force.Among the embodiment, described guide rail has longitudinally groove or ridge on 11 surfaces, and the parts that cooperate with described groove or ridge are all arranged at the bottom of described movable rigid baffle 10 and base 16, and its lower end is entrenched on the guide rail 11, and can slide along guide rail 11.
Described base 16 has a horizontal upper end face 3.During test, described upper surface 3 carrying tested sample 15.Described tested sample comprises a steel plate to be measured 8 that vertically is placed on the base 16, towards fixedly rigid baffle 5 and movably rigid baffle 10, two plate faces of described steel plate 8 to be measured cohere with concrete block I 17 and concrete block II 18 respectively two plate faces of described steel plate to be measured 8 respectively.Described concrete block I 17 contacts with rigid cover plate I 6 towards the fixing side of rigid baffle 5, and fixedly the side of rigid baffle 5 and steel plate to be measured 8 cohere described concrete block I 17 dorsad.Described concrete block II 18 contacts with rigid cover plate II 9 towards the side of movable rigid baffle 10, and described concrete block II 18 dorsad side and the steel plate to be measured 8 of movable rigid baffle 10 is cohered.The two ends of described steel plate to be measured 8 all protrude from concrete block I 17 and concrete block II 18, namely steel plate 8 to be measured perpendicular to the length of guide rail direction greater than concrete block II 18 and concrete block I 17 length perpendicular to the guide rail direction.
Two ends all stretch out the end face of concrete block I 17 and concrete block II 18.
Because the height of the plate face of described fixedly rigid baffle 5 and movable rigid baffle 10 all is higher than the height of base 16 upper surfaces.Described rigid cover plate I 6 and fixedly have web member I 4 between the rigid baffle 5.To be web member I 4 one ends surperficially be connected with rigid cover plate I 6, the other end is connected with the fixing surface of rigid baffle 5.
Has web member II 13 between described rigid cover plate II 9 and the movable rigid baffle 10.To be web member II 13 1 ends surperficially be connected with rigid cover plate II 9, the other end is connected with the fixing surface of rigid baffle 10.
Among the embodiment, described web member I 4 and web member II 13 are field-replaceable unit, and it can be volute spring, also can be the rigid metal bar.The two ends of volute spring and Metallic rod all have the coupling arrangement with the plate face, can change as required volute spring or Metallic rod.
Further, described web member I 4 and web member II 13 are can conversion rigidity or flexible parts.Wherein a kind of implementation is: web member (being web member I 4 and web member II 13) comprises the cylindrical shell I and is enclosed within the cylindrical shell II of cylindrical shell I outside, can lock by locking device between cylindrical shell I and the cylindrical shell II, volute spring is put in cylindrical shell I and cylindrical shell II inside.Described helical spring length is greater than cylindrical shell I and cylindrical shell II length separately, be less than or equal to cylindrical shell I and cylindrical shell II length add and.When locking between cylindrical shell I and the cylindrical shell II, web member (being web member I 4 and web member II 13) is rigid element; When not locking between cylindrical shell I and the cylindrical shell II, web member (being web member I 4 and web member II 13) is elastomeric element.
One side of described guide rail 11 has level and loads and measurement mechanism 1.When carrying out some test, described level loads and the telescopic end of measurement mechanism 1 is connected with described steel plate 8 to be measured, and described level loading and 1 pair of steel plate 8 to be measured of measurement mechanism apply thrust or the pulling force perpendicular to guide rail 11 directions.
The described movable rigid baffle 10 dorsad plate face of tested sample 15 is connected with the pressure head of servo-hydraulic charger 12.During test, 12 pairs of movable rigid baffles 10 of described servo-hydraulic charger apply thrust or the pulling force that is parallel to guide rail 11 directions.
In the present embodiment, the concrete in the tested sample have certain gravity and with the viscous force of base upper surface, therefore when push-and-pull steel plate to be measured, be difficult for sliding.But as preferred, concrete and base upper surface can be fixed.A kind of implementation is: the upper surface 3 of described base 16 connects lateral confinement device I 2 and lateral confinement device II 7.Described lateral confinement device I 2 and lateral confinement device II 7 restriction tested sample 15 are along the movement perpendicular to guide rail 11 directions.Be the upper surface 3 that the bottom of lateral confinement device I 2 and lateral confinement device II 7 is connected to base 16, concrete two end faces in the tested sample respectively same lateral confinement device I 2 contacts with lateral confinement device II 7, to limit the movement of concrete block.
Embodiment 2:
The present embodiment adopts embodiment 1 described steel-concrete contact interface mechanical property testing device to wait the method for normal stiffness test, may further comprise the steps:
1) test steels plate size is on request cut into rectangle steel plate 15 to be measured, described steel plate 15 to be measured have two plate faces, up and down two end faces and about two end faces.The lower surface of described steel plate 15 to be measured is shelved on the upper surface 3 of described base 16, and so that two plate faces of described steel plate to be measured 15 are vertical with guide rail 11.The left side of described steel plate to be measured is connected with the telescopic end of horizontal loading apparatus 1.
2) in the both sides of described steel plate 15 to be measured mold box and casting concrete are set, after maintenance, so that two plate faces of described steel plate to be measured cohere with concrete block I 17 and concrete block II 18 respectively.Cohere with steel plate 15 to be measured the inboard of described concrete block I 17, the outside contacts with rigid cover plate I 6, but do not connect.Cohere with steel plate 15 to be measured the inboard of described concrete block II 18, the outside contacts with rigid cover plate II 9, but do not connect.
3) restriction concrete block I and concrete block II are installed along the lateral confinement device I 2 and the lateral confinement device II 7 that move perpendicular to guide rail 11 directions at described upper surface 3.
4) in rigid cover plate I 6 and fixing installation connecting element I 4 between the rigid baffle 5, installation connecting element II 13 between rigid cover plate II 9 and movable rigid baffle 10.Described web member I 4 and web member II 13 are elastomeric element, and the present embodiment is volute spring.
5) start servo-hydraulic charger 12, make it apply default load to movable rigid baffle 10.Afterwards, the servo-hydraulic charger is locked, so that the position of movable rigid baffle 10 is fixed.Open the pressure transducer on the servo-hydraulic charger, measure the variation of normal pressure in the test process.
6) start horizontal loading apparatus 1, make it apply thrust perpendicular to guide rail 11 directions to steel plate 8 to be measured.So that shear failure occurs in the interface that steel plate 8 to be measured contacts with the both sides concrete.Carry out the interface shearing test with constant shear rate, and measure the variation of horizontal thrust in the shear displacemant increase process.
7) apply the pulling force opposite with the described thrust direction of step 6) by 1 pair of steel plate 8 to be measured of horizontal loading apparatus, make steel plate to be measured get back to initial position along the mobile route of step 6), and in this process, measure the variation of horizontal thrust in the variation of normal pressure and the shear displacemant increase process.
8) apply the thrust identical with the described thrust direction of step 6) by 1 pair of steel plate 8 to be measured of horizontal loading apparatus, make steel plate to be measured get back to the position of step 6) when stopping, and in this process, measure the variation of horizontal thrust in the variation of normal pressure and the shear displacemant increase process.
9) repeating step 7)～8), until steel plate to be measured 8 contacts the shear resistance at interface with concrete tend towards stability after, when namely the thrust that applies of step 7) equals pulling force that step 8) applies, end operation.
In the present embodiment, the amount of need measuring comprises: pulling force described in the displacement of steel plate, step 7) when thrust and shear failure described in load described in the step 5), the step 6) occur, and repeating step 7)～8) until steel plate to be measured 8 contacts pulling force after the shear resistance at interface tends towards stability or the size of thrust with concrete.Change normal stiffness, initial normal stress carry out revision test, by the interface shearing displacement of measurement in the test and the relation between relation, interface normal stress and the shear displacemant between the relation between the shear stress, concrete Normal Displacement to be measured and the shear displacemant, and the shearing rule of the remaining shear resistance assay surface under the shear action is repeated at the interface.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of method that adopts claim 1 or 2 described steel-concrete contact interface mechanical property testing device to wait the normal pressure test is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
1) test steels plate size is on request cut into rectangle steel plate 15 to be measured, described steel plate 15 to be measured have two plate faces, up and down two end faces and about two end faces.The lower surface of described steel plate 15 to be measured is shelved on the upper surface 3 of described base 16, and so that two plate faces of described steel plate to be measured 15 are vertical with guide rail 11.The left side of described steel plate to be measured is connected with the telescopic end of horizontal loading apparatus 1.
2) in the both sides of described steel plate 15 to be measured mold box and casting concrete are set, after maintenance, so that two plate faces of described steel plate to be measured cohere with concrete block I 17 and concrete block II 18 respectively.Cohere with steel plate 15 to be measured the inboard of described concrete block I 17, the outside contacts with rigid cover plate I 6, but do not connect.Cohere with steel plate 15 to be measured the inboard of described concrete block II 18, the outside contacts with rigid cover plate II 9, but do not connect.
3) restriction concrete block I and concrete block II are installed along the lateral confinement device I 2 and the lateral confinement device II 7 that move perpendicular to guide rail 11 directions at described upper surface 3.
4) in rigid cover plate I 6 and fixing installation connecting element I 4 between the rigid baffle 5, installation connecting element II 13 between rigid cover plate II 9 and movable rigid baffle 10.Described web member I 4 and web member II 13 are elastomeric element, and the present embodiment is volute spring.
5) start servo-hydraulic charger 12, make it apply default load to movable rigid baffle 10.After process of the test in, keep described default load constant.Open the displacement transducer on the servo-hydraulic charger, measure the variation of top of concrete Normal Displacement to be measured in the test process.
6) start horizontal loading apparatus 1, make it apply thrust perpendicular to guide rail 11 directions to steel plate 8 to be measured.So that shear failure occurs in the interface that steel plate 8 to be measured contacts with the both sides concrete.Carry out the interface shearing test with constant shear rate, and measure the variation of horizontal thrust in the shear displacemant increase process.
7) apply the pulling force opposite with the described thrust direction of step 6) by 1 pair of steel plate 8 to be measured of horizontal loading apparatus, make steel plate to be measured get back to initial position along the mobile route of step 6), and in this process, measure the variation of horizontal thrust in the variation of normal pressure and the shear displacemant increase process.
8) apply the thrust identical with the described thrust direction of step 6) by 1 pair of steel plate 8 to be measured of horizontal loading apparatus, the position when making steel plate to be measured get back to the step 6) termination; And the variation of in this process, measuring horizontal thrust in the variation of Normal Displacement and the shear displacemant increase process.
9) repeating step 7)～8), until steel plate to be measured 8 contacts the shear resistance at interface with concrete tend towards stability after, when namely the thrust that applies of step 7) equals pulling force that step 8) applies, end operation.
In the present embodiment, the amount of need measuring comprises: pulling force described in the displacement of steel plate, step 7) when thrust and shear failure described in load described in the step 5), the step 6) occur, and repeating step 7)～8) until steel plate to be measured 8 contacts pulling force after the shear resistance at interface tends towards stability or the size of thrust with concrete.Change normal stress and carry out revision test, according to the remaining shear resistance under the interface shearing displacement of measuring in the test and the relation between the shear stress and the interface repetition shear action, the shearing rule of assay surface.
Embodiment 4:
A kind of method that adopts claim 1 or 2 described steel-concrete contact interface mechanical property testing device to carry out infinitely great normal stiffness test is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
1) test steels plate size is on request cut into rectangle steel plate 15 to be measured, described steel plate 15 to be measured have two plate faces, up and down two end faces and about two end faces.The lower surface of described steel plate 15 to be measured is shelved on the upper surface 3 of described base 16, and so that two plate faces of described steel plate to be measured 15 are vertical with guide rail 11.The left side of described steel plate to be measured is connected with the telescopic end of horizontal loading apparatus 1.
2) in the both sides of described steel plate 15 to be measured mold box and casting concrete are set, after maintenance, so that two plate faces of described steel plate to be measured cohere with concrete block I 17 and concrete block II 18 respectively.Cohere with steel plate 15 to be measured the inboard of described concrete block I 17, the outside contacts with rigid cover plate I 6, but do not connect.Cohere with steel plate 15 to be measured the inboard of described concrete block II 18, the outside contacts with rigid cover plate II 9, but do not connect.
3) restriction concrete block I and concrete block II are installed along the lateral confinement device I 2 and the lateral confinement device II 7 that move perpendicular to guide rail 11 directions at described upper surface 3.
4) in rigid cover plate I 6 and fixing installation connecting element I 4 between the rigid baffle 5, installation connecting element II 13 between rigid cover plate II 9 and movable rigid baffle 10.Described web member I 4 and web member II 13 are rigid element, and the present embodiment is the rigid metal connecting link.
5) start servo-hydraulic charger 12, make it apply default load to movable rigid baffle 10.Afterwards, the servo-hydraulic charger is locked, so that the position of movable rigid baffle 10 is fixed.Open the pressure transducer on the servo-hydraulic charger, measure the variation of normal pressure in the test process.
6) start horizontal loading apparatus 1, make it apply thrust perpendicular to guide rail 11 directions to steel plate 8 to be measured.So that shear failure occurs in the interface that steel plate 8 to be measured contacts with the both sides concrete.Carry out the interface shearing test with constant shear rate, and measure the variation of horizontal thrust in the shear displacemant increase process.
7) apply the pulling force opposite with the described thrust direction of step 6) by 1 pair of steel plate 8 to be measured of horizontal loading apparatus, make steel plate to be measured get back to initial position along the mobile route of step 6); Carry out the interface shearing test with constant shear rate, and measure the variation of horizontal thrust in the shear displacemant increase process.
8) apply the thrust identical with the described thrust direction of step 6) by 1 pair of steel plate 8 to be measured of horizontal loading apparatus, the position when making steel plate to be measured get back to the step 6) termination; And the variation of in this process, measuring horizontal thrust in the variation of normal pressure and the shear displacemant increase process.
9) repeating step 7)～8), until steel plate to be measured 8 contacts the shear resistance at interface with concrete tend towards stability after, when namely the thrust that applies of step 7) equals pulling force that step 8) applies, end operation.
In the present embodiment, the amount of need measuring comprises: pulling force described in the displacement of steel plate, step 7) when thrust and shear failure described in load described in the step 5), the step 6) occur, and repeating step 7)～8) until steel plate to be measured 8 contacts pulling force after the shear resistance at interface tends towards stability or the size of thrust with concrete.Change initial normal stress and carry out revision test, by the interface shearing displacement of measurement in the test and the remaining shear resistance under the relation between the relation between the shear stress, interface normal stress and the shear displacemant and the interface repetition shear action, the shearing rule of assay surface.
Embodiment 5:
A kind of claim 1 or 2 described steel-concrete contact interface mechanical property testing device of adopting carries out the method for interface tensile test, may further comprise the steps:
1) test steels plate size is on request cut into rectangle steel plate 15 to be measured, described steel plate 15 to be measured have two plate faces, up and down two end faces and about two end faces.The lower surface of described steel plate 15 to be measured is shelved on the upper surface 3 of described base 16, and so that two plate faces of described steel plate to be measured 15 are vertical with guide rail 11.
2) in the both sides of described steel plate 15 to be measured mold box and casting concrete are set, after maintenance, so that two plate faces of described steel plate to be measured cohere with concrete block I 17 and concrete block II 18 respectively.Cohere with steel plate 15 to be measured the inboard of described concrete block I 17, the outside is connected with rigid cover plate I 6; Cohere with steel plate 15 to be measured the inboard of described concrete block II 18, the outside is connected with rigid cover plate II 9.Be rigid cover plate I 6 and rigid cover plate II 9 all with the concrete block anchoring.
3) in rigid cover plate I 6 and fixing installation connecting element I 4 between the rigid baffle 5, installation connecting element II 13 between rigid cover plate II 9 and movable rigid baffle 10.Described web member I 4 and web member II 13 are rigid connecting rod.When namely dragging movable rigid baffle 10, can drag rigid cover plate II 9.
4) start servo-hydraulic charger 12, make it apply pulling force to movable rigid baffle 10.Until the surface of contact of steel plate 15 to be measured and concrete block I 17 or concrete block II 18 destroys; Be that concrete block I 17 or concrete block II 18 break away from steel plate 15 to be measured.
The present embodiment can increase and measure the servo-hydraulic charger to the pulling force that rigid cover plate II 9 applies gradually by above-mentioned steps, the ultimate tensile stress when determining steel-concrete contact interface tensile failure
Change concrete strength and steel surface roughness, again make tested sample.Repeat above-mentioned steps and test, determine the relation between steel-concrete interface tensile characteristics and concrete strength, the interface roughness.
Claims (6)
1. steel-concrete contact interface mechanical property testing device is characterized in that: comprise two guide rails (11) that are horizontally disposed with and are parallel to each other at least; Lay base (16) on the described guide rail (11), the two ends of described guide rail (11) are separately installed with fixedly rigid baffle (5) and movable rigid baffle (10); A plate face of described fixedly rigid baffle (5) and movable rigid baffle (10) is towards base (16), described fixedly rigid baffle (5) immobilizes with the relative position of guide rail (11), and described movable rigid baffle (10) and base (16) can slide along guide rail (11) under external force;
Described base (16) has a horizontal upper end face (3); During test, described upper surface (3) carrying tested sample (15); Described tested sample (15) comprises steel plate to be measured (8), concrete block I (17) and concrete block II (18), described steel plate to be measured (8) vertically is placed on the upper surface (3) of base (16), towards fixedly rigid baffle (5) and movably rigid baffle (10), two plate faces of described steel plate to be measured (8) cohere with concrete block I (17) and concrete block II (18) respectively two plate faces of described steel plate to be measured (8) respectively; Described concrete block I (17) contacts with rigid cover plate I (6) towards the fixing side of rigid baffle (5), and described concrete block II (18) contacts with rigid cover plate II (9) towards the side of movable rigid baffle (10); During test, described rigid cover plate I (6) and web member I (4) fixedly is installed between the rigid baffle (5) is equipped with web member II (13) between described rigid cover plate II (9) and the movable rigid baffle (10);
One side of described guide rail (11) has level and loads and measurement mechanism (1); During test, described level loads and the telescopic end of measurement mechanism (1) is connected with described steel plate to be measured (8), and described level loading and measurement mechanism (1) apply thrust or pulling force perpendicular to guide rail (11) direction to steel plate to be measured (8);
Described movable rigid baffle (10) the dorsad plate face of tested sample (15) is connected with the pressure head of servo-hydraulic charger (12); During test, described servo-hydraulic charger (12) applies the thrust that is parallel to guide rail (11) direction to movable rigid baffle (10).
2. steel according to claim 1-concrete contact interface mechanical property testing device is characterized in that: upper surface (3) connection lateral confinement device I (2) and the lateral confinement device II (7) of described base (16); Described lateral confinement device I (2) and lateral confinement device II (7) restriction tested sample (15) are along the movement perpendicular to guide rail (11) direction.
3. a method that adopts claim 1 or 2 described steel-concrete contact interface mechanical property testing device to wait the normal stiffness test is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
1) test steels plate size is on request cut into rectangle steel plate to be measured (15), described steel plate to be measured (15) have two plate faces, up and down two end faces and about two end faces; The lower surface of described steel plate to be measured (15) is shelved on the upper surface (3) of described base (16), and so that two plate faces of described steel plate to be measured (15) are vertical with guide rail (11); The left side of described steel plate to be measured is connected with the telescopic end of horizontal loading apparatus (1);
2) in the both sides of described steel plate to be measured (15) mold box and casting concrete are set, after maintenance, so that two plate faces of described steel plate to be measured cohere with concrete block I (17) and concrete block II (18) respectively; Cohere with steel plate to be measured (15) inboard of described concrete block I (17), the outside contacts with rigid cover plate I (6); Cohere with steel plate to be measured (15) inboard of described concrete block II (18), the outside contacts with rigid cover plate II (9);
3) restriction concrete block I and concrete block II are installed along the lateral confinement device I (2) and the lateral confinement device II (7) that move perpendicular to guide rail (11) direction at described upper surface (3);
4) in rigid cover plate I (6) and fixing installation connecting element I (4) between the rigid baffle (5), installation connecting element II (13) between rigid cover plate II (9) and movable rigid baffle (10); Described web member I (4) and web member II (13) are spring;
5) start servo-hydraulic charger (12), make it apply default load to movable rigid baffle (10); Afterwards, the servo-hydraulic charger is locked, so that the position of movable rigid baffle (10) is fixed;
6) start horizontal loading apparatus (1), make it apply thrust perpendicular to guide rail (11) direction to steel plate to be measured (8); So that shear failure occurs in the interface that steel plate to be measured (8) contacts with the both sides concrete;
7) by horizontal loading apparatus (1) steel plate to be measured (8) is applied the pulling force opposite with the described thrust direction of step 6), make steel plate to be measured get back to initial position along the mobile route of step 6);
8) by horizontal loading apparatus (1) steel plate to be measured (8) is applied thrust with the described thrust equidirectional of step 6), make steel plate to be measured get back to the position of step 6) when stopping;
9) repeating step 7)～8), until steel plate to be measured (8) contacts the shear resistance at the interface rear end operation that tends towards stability with concrete.
4. a method that adopts claim 1 or 2 described steel-concrete contact interface mechanical property testing device to wait the normal pressure test is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
1) test steels plate size is on request cut into rectangle steel plate to be measured (15), described steel plate to be measured (15) have two plate faces, up and down two end faces and about two end faces; The lower surface of described steel plate to be measured (15) is shelved on the upper surface (3) of described base (16), and so that two plate faces of described steel plate to be measured (15) are vertical with guide rail (11); The left side of described steel plate to be measured is connected with the telescopic end of horizontal loading apparatus (1);
2) in the both sides of described steel plate to be measured (15) mold box and casting concrete are set, after maintenance, so that two plate faces of described steel plate to be measured cohere with concrete block I (17) and concrete block II (18) respectively; Cohere with steel plate to be measured (15) inboard of described concrete block I (17), the outside contacts with rigid cover plate I (6); Cohere with steel plate to be measured (15) inboard of described concrete block II (18), the outside contacts with rigid cover plate II (9);
3) restriction concrete block I and concrete block II are installed along the lateral confinement device I (2) and the lateral confinement device II (7) that move perpendicular to guide rail (11) direction at described upper surface (3);
4) in rigid cover plate I (6) and fixing installation connecting element I (4) between the rigid baffle (5), installation connecting element II (13) between rigid cover plate II (9) and movable rigid baffle (10); Described web member I (4) and web member II (13) are spring;
5) start servo-hydraulic charger (12), make it apply default load to movable rigid baffle (10); After process of the test in, keep described default load constant;
6) start horizontal loading apparatus (1), make it apply thrust perpendicular to guide rail (11) direction to steel plate to be measured (8); So that shear failure occurs in the interface that steel plate to be measured (8) contacts with the both sides concrete;
7) by horizontal loading apparatus (1) steel plate to be measured (8) is applied the pulling force opposite with the described thrust direction of step 6), make steel plate to be measured get back to initial position along the mobile route of step 6);
8) by horizontal loading apparatus (1) steel plate to be measured (8) is applied thrust with the described thrust equidirectional of step 6), make steel plate to be measured get back to the position of step 6) when stopping;
9) repeating step 7)～8), until steel plate to be measured (8) contacts the shear resistance at the interface rear end operation that tends towards stability with concrete.
5. a method that adopts claim 1 or 2 described steel-concrete contact interface mechanical property testing device to carry out infinitely great normal stiffness test is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
1) test steels plate size is on request cut into rectangle steel plate to be measured (15), described steel plate to be measured (15) have two plate faces, up and down two end faces and about two end faces; The lower surface of described steel plate to be measured (15) is shelved on the upper surface (3) of described base (16), and so that two plate faces of described steel plate to be measured (15) are vertical with guide rail (11); The left side of described steel plate to be measured is connected with the telescopic end of horizontal loading apparatus (1);
2) in the both sides of described steel plate to be measured (15) mold box and casting concrete are set, after maintenance, so that two plate faces of described steel plate to be measured cohere with concrete block I (17) and concrete block II (18) respectively; Cohere with steel plate to be measured (15) inboard of described concrete block I (17), the outside contacts with rigid cover plate I (6); Cohere with steel plate to be measured (15) inboard of described concrete block II (18), the outside contacts with rigid cover plate II (9);
3) restriction concrete block I and concrete block II are installed along the lateral confinement device I (2) and the lateral confinement device II (7) that move perpendicular to guide rail (11) direction at described upper surface (3);
4) in rigid cover plate I (6) and fixing installation connecting element I (4) between the rigid baffle (5), installation connecting element II (13) between rigid cover plate II (9) and movable rigid baffle (10); Described web member I (4) and web member II (13) are rigid connecting rod;
5) start servo-hydraulic charger (12), make it apply default load to movable rigid baffle (10); Afterwards, the servo-hydraulic charger is locked, so that the position of movable rigid baffle (10) is fixed;
6) start horizontal loading apparatus (1), make it apply thrust perpendicular to guide rail (11) direction to steel plate to be measured (8); So that shear failure occurs in the interface that steel plate to be measured (8) contacts with the both sides concrete;
7) by horizontal loading apparatus (1) steel plate to be measured (8) is applied the pulling force opposite with the described thrust direction of step 6), make steel plate to be measured get back to initial position along the mobile route of step 6);
8) by horizontal loading apparatus (1) steel plate to be measured (8) is applied thrust with the described thrust equidirectional of step 6), make steel plate to be measured get back to the position of step 6) when stopping;
9) repeating step 7)～8), until steel plate to be measured (8) contacts the shear resistance at the interface rear end operation that tends towards stability with concrete.
6. one kind is adopted claim 1 or 2 described steel-concrete contact interface mechanical property testing device to carry out the method for interface tensile test, it is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
1) test steels plate size is on request cut into rectangle steel plate to be measured (15), described steel plate to be measured (15) have two plate faces, up and down two end faces and about two end faces; The lower surface of described steel plate to be measured (15) is shelved on the upper surface (3) of described base (16), and so that two plate faces of described steel plate to be measured (15) are vertical with guide rail (11); The left side of described steel plate to be measured is connected with the telescopic end of horizontal loading apparatus (1);
2) in the both sides of described steel plate to be measured (15) mold box and casting concrete are set, after maintenance, so that two plate faces of described steel plate to be measured cohere with concrete block I (17) and concrete block II (18) respectively; Cohere with steel plate to be measured (15) inboard of described concrete block I (17), the outside is connected with rigid cover plate I (6); Cohere with steel plate to be measured (15) inboard of described concrete block II (18), the outside is connected with rigid cover plate II (9);
3) in rigid cover plate I (6) and fixing installation connecting element I (4) between the rigid baffle (5), installation connecting element II (13) between rigid cover plate II (9) and movable rigid baffle (10); Described web member I (4) and web member II (13) are rigid connecting rod;
4) start servo-hydraulic charger (12), make it apply pulling force to movable rigid baffle (10); Until the surface of contact of steel plate to be measured (15) and concrete block I (17) or concrete block II (18) destroys.
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