CN104931359A - Large-scale earthwork shear strength tester - Google Patents
Large-scale earthwork shear strength tester Download PDFInfo
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- CN104931359A CN104931359A CN201510359487.7A CN201510359487A CN104931359A CN 104931359 A CN104931359 A CN 104931359A CN 201510359487 A CN201510359487 A CN 201510359487A CN 104931359 A CN104931359 A CN 104931359A
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Abstract
A large-scale earthwork shear strength tester is characterized by comprising a reaction frame (1), a loading frame (2), a first servo motor (3), a second servo motor (4), a sample stage (5), an upper shear box (6), a lower shear box (7), a rail car (8), a vertical displacement meter (9), a first vertical slide rail (10), an upper box sample (11), a ball shaft strip (12), a lower box expansion board (13), a lower box sample (14), a first jack (15), a first support base (16), a horizontal slide rail (17), a second support base (18), a second jack (19), a transmission bar (20), a connecting end (21), a horizontal loading shaft (22), a horizontal displacement meter (23), a first side limiting post (24), a vertical loading shaft (25), a pressure plate (26), a second side limiting post (27), a telescopic arm (28), a third side limiting post (29) and a second vertical slide rail (30). The tester is simple to manufacture and high in measuring precision, meets the requirements of consolidation and oblique shear testing under different vertical stress loading conditions, allows strain control or stress control loading, and is suitable for testing structural strength of various rock-soil bodies, occurring in civil works or geological works including coarse- grained soil, gravel soil, earth-rock aggregate and soil mass, and the frictional strength between the rock-soil bodies and civil synthetic materials.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is a kind of geotechnical testament instrument, belongs to civil engineering work instrument test field.
Background technology
Coarse-grained soil (gravelly soil, soil-rock mixture) is a kind of geologic body be made up of with clay and the sand as casting resin gravel or the block stone as aggregate.Coarse-grained soil is widely used in the construction works such as earth and rockfill dam, highway, railway, airport, house foundation as a kind of filler, and range of application is quite extensive.Because coarse-grained soil is become with local soil type by block stone, and both present " extremely strong " (block stone) and the extreme otherness of " extremely weak " (soil body) two in mechanical property.This otherness makes coarse-grained soil on physico-mechanical properties, present extreme unevenness and extreme nonlinear characteristic, and its Macroscopic physical mechanical property can not be formed by block stone or native simple superposition.Test for coarse-grained soil intensity can not have been come by traditional soil mechanics shear or rock test rig, needs development to be applicable to the new instrument of coarse-grained soil own characteristic, measures its mechanical strength, especially will consider the impact of size effect on coarse-grained soil intensity.The present invention is exactly a kind of novel test device for measuring coarse-grained soil shearing strength.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of novel test device for measuring coarse-grained soil shearing strength, for solving the strength test test of coarse-grained soil under different consolidation stress state, for engineering practice provides technical parameter.
Technical solution of the present invention, it is characterized in that a kind of large geotechnical shear strength test device, comprise reaction frame 1, loading frame 2, first servomotor 3, second servomotor 4, load sample platform 5, upper shear box 6, down cut box 7, railcar 8, vertical displacement meter 9, first vertical slide rail 10, upper box sample 11, ball axle row 12, lower box expansion board 13, lower box sample 14, first lifting jack 15, first base for supporting 16, horizontal slide rail 17, second base for supporting 18, second lifting jack 19, transmission rod 20, connection end 21, horizontal addload axle 22, horizontal displacement meter 23, first side limit post 24, vertical loading axle 25, increased pressure board 26, second side limit post 27, telescopic arm 28, 3rd side limit post 29, second vertical slide rail 30.First servomotor 3 connects vertical loading axle 25, vertical loading axle 25 provides pressure at right angle, be positioned at above increased pressure board 26, increased pressure board 26 connects vertical displacement meter 9, increased pressure board 26 is positioned at the end face of box sample 11, upper shear box 6 limits post 24 and the second side to limit post 27 to fix by the first side, first side limit post 24 connects the first vertical slide rail 10, second side limit post 27 limits post 29 to be connected by telescopic arm 28 with the 3rd side, 3rd side limit post 29 connects the second vertical slide rail 30, upper shear box 6 aims at down cut box 7 by ball axle row 12, box sample 11 is installed in upper shear box 6, lower box sample 14 is installed in down cut box 7, down cut box 7 connects lower box expansion board 13, down cut box 7 joining rails car 8, railcar 8 can move on load sample platform 5 along horizontal slide rail 17, horizontal slide rail 17 is connected with loading frame 2, first lifting jack 15 connects the first base for supporting 16, second lifting jack 19 connects the second base for supporting 18, down cut box 7 connects transmission rod 20 and horizontal displacement meter 23, connection end 21 is aimed at horizontal addload axle 22, horizontal addload axle 22 connects the second servomotor 4.Upper shear box 6 is of a size of the wide 500mm of long 500mm, the box wall height connecting the upper shear box 6 of the first Xian Zhu24 side, side is 445mm, the box wall height connecting the upper shear box 6 of the second Xian Zhu27 side, side is 155mm, down cut box 7 is of a size of the wide 500mm of long 500mm, the box wall height connecting the down cut box 7 of lower box expansion board 13 side is 155mm, the box wall height connecting the down cut box 7 of transmission rod 20 side is 445mm, it is 30 ° that ball axle arranges 12 inclination angles, upper shear box 6 and down cut box 7 all adopt the alloy material that the light intensity of quality is high, and carry out anodization preservative treatment, inwall four angles of upper shear box 6 and down cut box 7 are circular design, radius of corner is 30mm ~ 60mm, upper shear box 6 can slide along lower box expansion board 13, first side limit post 24 can along the first vertical slide rail 10 vertical sliding motion, 3rd side limit post 29 can along the second vertical slide rail 30 vertical sliding motion, first servomotor 3 and the second servomotor 4 apply power by reaction frame 1, reaction frame 1 and loading frame 2 and increased pressure board 26 all adopt high-strength stainless steel material, gap length between increased pressure board 26 and upper shear box 6 is 2mm ~ 4mm, ball axle row 12, lower box expansion board 13 and horizontal slide rail 17 are high-strength stainless steel material, and surface all scribbles teflon.First servomotor 3 and the second servomotor 4 all can carry out fast forwarding and fast rewinding operation, also at the uniform velocity strain loading and stress loading can be carried out, strain shear rate is 0.02 ~ 5.00mm/min, maximum output can reach 1000kN, measuring accuracy of exerting oneself can reach 0.5%FS, and stress shear rate is 100 ~ 600kN/min.The maximum range of vertical displacement meter 9 is 150mm, and measuring accuracy can reach 1mm, and the maximum range of horizontal displacement meter 23 is 170mm, and measuring accuracy can reach 1mm.
The test method measuring coarse-grained soil shearing strength is as follows:
(1) according to certain water cut, rock-soil ratio and density requirements, take the soil body of respective quality, rubble and water, Jiang Shiti, rubble, water three mix, and become compound, point uniformly three parts for subsequent use;
(2) railcar 8 is moved on load sample platform 5, by upper shear box 6 via ball axle row 12 alignment down cut box 7, first part of compound is loaded in down cut box 7, increased pressure board 26 is placed on compound, railcar 8 is moved to immediately below vertical loading axle 25, start the first lifting jack 15 and the second lifting jack 19, first base for supporting 16 is contacted with loading frame 2 respectively with the second base for supporting 18, make railcar 8 unsettled, start the first servomotor 3, make vertical loading axle 25 contact increased pressure board 26 and push up cap, apply pressure at right angle F on request, shift value corresponding when vertical displacement meter 9 display meets the requirements of density, stop loading,
(3) the first servomotor 3 is started, unloading makes vertical loading axle 25 leave increased pressure board 26 and pushes up cap, start the first lifting jack 15 and the second lifting jack 19, first base for supporting 16 and the second base for supporting 18 are departed from loading frame 2 respectively, railcar 8 is contacted with horizontal slide rail 17, railcar 8 is moved on load sample platform 5, take out increased pressure board 26, by compound plucking, load second part of compound, increased pressure board 26 is placed on compound, railcar 8 is moved to immediately below vertical loading axle 25, start the first lifting jack 15 and the second lifting jack 19, first base for supporting 16 is contacted with loading frame 2 respectively with the second base for supporting 18, make railcar 8 unsettled, start the first servomotor 3, make vertical loading axle 25 contact increased pressure board 26 and push up cap, apply pressure at right angle F on request, shift value corresponding when vertical displacement meter 9 display meets the requirements of density, stop loading,
(4) the first servomotor 3 is started, unloading makes vertical loading axle 25 leave increased pressure board 26 and pushes up cap, start the first lifting jack 15 and the second lifting jack 19, first base for supporting 16 and the second base for supporting 18 are departed from loading frame 2 respectively, railcar 8 is contacted with horizontal slide rail 17, railcar 8 is moved on load sample platform 5, take out increased pressure board 26, by compound plucking, load the 3rd part of compound, increased pressure board 26 is placed on compound, railcar 8 is moved to immediately below vertical loading axle 25, start the first lifting jack 15 and the second lifting jack 19, first base for supporting 16 is contacted with loading frame 2 respectively with the second base for supporting 18, make railcar 8 unsettled, start the first servomotor 3, make vertical loading axle 25 contact increased pressure board 26 and push up cap, apply pressure at right angle F on request, shift value corresponding when vertical displacement meter 9 display meets the requirements of density, keep pressure at right angle F constant,
(5) the first side limit post 24 is connected with upper shear box 6 respectively with the second side limit post 27, post 29 is limit to be connected by telescopic arm 28 with the 3rd side on the second side limit post 27, shear box 6 is fixed, start the second servomotor 4, horizontal addload axle 22 is connected with connection end 21, equi-strain rate on request applies pulling force T by transmission rod 20, down cut box 7 is moved to the second servomotor 4 direction, adopt horizontal displacement meter 23 to measure horizontal shift S simultaneously, in maintenance, shear box 6 horizontal direction is fixed, upper shear box 6 is by the first vertical slide rail 10 and the second vertical slide rail 30 slide downward, make vertical loading axle 25 output pressure according to F '=F-Ttg30 ° of change, and adopt vertical displacement meter 9 to measure the perpendicular displacement S ' of increased pressure board 26, ball axle row 12 slides along lower box expansion board 13, spill to avoid the upper box sample 11 of upper shear box 6 inside,
(6) when horizontal shift S increases to 75mm, stop test, in acquisition, box sample 11 and lower box sample 14 surface of contact place normal pressure f=F ' cos30 °+Tsin30 °, get the maximal value f of f
max1, obtain surface of contact place shearing force T '=Tcos30 °-F ' sin30 °, get the maximum of T of T ' '
max1;
(7) by vertical loading axle 25, first servomotor 3 is unloaded, second servomotor 4 promotes down cut box 7 by horizontal addload axle 22 applied thrust and moves, shear box 6 is overlapped with down cut box 7, on removal, shear box 6 and the first side limit post 24 and the second side to limit the connection of post 27, start the first lifting jack 15 and the second lifting jack 19, first base for supporting 16 and the second base for supporting 18 are departed from loading frame 2 respectively, railcar 8 is contacted with horizontal slide rail 17, railcar 8 is moved on load sample platform 5 by horizontal slide rail 17, the whole compound of removal;
(8) change the value of pressure at right angle F, repeat step (2)-(7), obtain f
max2with T '
max2;
(9) again change the value of pressure at right angle F, repeat step (2)-(7), obtain f
max3with T '
max3;
(10) by f
max1with T '
max1, f
max2with T '
max2, f
max3with T '
max3be converted into stress by upper box sample 11 with the contact area of lower box sample 14, draw mole coulomb line, obtain coarse-grained soil compound Shear Strength Index.
Advantage of the present invention:
Instrument manufacturing is simple, measuring accuracy is high, meet the consolidation under different vertical stress loading condition and oblique scissor test requirement, strain controlling formula or Stress Control formula can be carried out load, the frictional strength between the structural strength of large scale coarse-grained soil (comprising gravelly soil, soil-rock mixture and the soil body) and coarse grain soil geotextile can be measured.
The scope of application of the present invention:
Indoor consolidation characteristics such as multiple Rock And Soil such as the various accumulation bodies, coarse-grained soil, soil-rock mixture etc. that are applicable to run in civil engineering work, strength characteristics test.
Accompanying drawing illustrates:
Fig. 1 is a kind of large geotechnical shear strength test apparatus structure schematic diagram.Wherein have: reaction frame 1, loading frame 2, first servomotor 3, second servomotor 4, upper shear box 6, down cut box 7, railcar 8, vertical displacement meter 9, first vertical slide rail 10, upper box sample 11, ball axle row 12, lower box expansion board 13, lower box sample 14, first lifting jack 15, first base for supporting 16, horizontal slide rail 17, second base for supporting 18, second lifting jack 19, transmission rod 20, connection end 21, horizontal addload axle 22, horizontal displacement meter 23, first side limit post 24, vertical loading axle 25, increased pressure board 26, second side limit post 27, telescopic arm 28, 3rd side limit post 29, second vertical slide rail 30.
Fig. 2 is a kind of AA left view of structural representation of large geotechnical shear strength test device.Wherein have: the first servomotor 3, load sample platform 5, upper shear box 6, down cut box 7, railcar 8, upper box sample 11, lower box sample 14, increased pressure board 26.
Fig. 3 is the vertical view of the upper shear box 6 in a kind of large geotechnical shear strength test apparatus structure schematic diagram.Wherein there is upper shear box 6.
Fig. 4 is the vertical view of the down cut box 7 in a kind of large geotechnical shear strength test apparatus structure schematic diagram.Wherein there is down cut box 7, lower box expansion board 13.
Embodiment:
Embodiment: coarse-grained soil shearing strength method for measurement is as follows,
1. according to water cut 15%, rock-soil ratio 20% and density 1.9g/cm
3requirement, takes respective quality taxi body, rubble and water, the soil body, rubble, water three is mixed, becomes compound, point uniformly three parts for subsequent use;
2. railcar 8 is moved on load sample platform 5, by upper shear box 6 via ball axle row 12 alignment down cut box 7, first part of compound is loaded in down cut box 7, increased pressure board 26 is placed on compound, railcar 8 is moved to immediately below vertical loading axle 25, start the first lifting jack 15 and the second lifting jack 19, first base for supporting 16 is contacted with loading frame 2 respectively with the second base for supporting 18, make railcar 8 unsettled, start the first servomotor 3, make vertical loading axle 25 contact increased pressure board 26 and push up cap, apply pressure at right angle F=400kN on request, shift value corresponding when vertical displacement meter 9 display meets the requirements of density, stop loading,
3. the first servomotor 3 is started, unloading makes vertical loading axle 25 leave increased pressure board 26 and pushes up cap, start the first lifting jack 15 and the second lifting jack 19, first base for supporting 16 and the second base for supporting 18 are departed from loading frame 2 respectively, railcar 8 is contacted with horizontal slide rail 17, railcar 8 is moved on load sample platform 5, take out increased pressure board 26, by compound plucking, load second part of compound, increased pressure board 26 is placed on compound, railcar 8 is moved to immediately below vertical loading axle 25, start the first lifting jack 15 and the second lifting jack 19, first base for supporting 16 is contacted with loading frame 2 respectively with the second base for supporting 18, make railcar 8 unsettled, start the first servomotor 3, make vertical loading axle 25 contact increased pressure board 26 and push up cap, apply pressure at right angle F=400kN on request, shift value corresponding when vertical displacement meter 9 display meets the requirements of density, stop loading,
4. the first servomotor 3 is started, unloading makes vertical loading axle 25 leave increased pressure board 26 and pushes up cap, start the first lifting jack 15 and the second lifting jack 19, first base for supporting 16 and the second base for supporting 18 are departed from loading frame 2 respectively, railcar 8 is contacted with horizontal slide rail 17, railcar 8 is moved on load sample platform 5, take out increased pressure board 26, by compound plucking, load the 3rd part of compound, increased pressure board 26 is placed on compound, railcar 8 is moved to immediately below vertical loading axle 25, start the first lifting jack 15 and the second lifting jack 19, first base for supporting 16 is contacted with loading frame 2 respectively with the second base for supporting 18, make railcar 8 unsettled, start the first servomotor 3, make vertical loading axle 25 contact increased pressure board 26 and push up cap, apply pressure at right angle F=400kN on request, shift value corresponding when vertical displacement meter 9 display meets the requirements of density, keep pressure at right angle F=400kN constant,
5. the first side limit post 24 is connected with upper shear box 6 respectively with the second side limit post 27, post 29 is limit to be connected by telescopic arm 28 with the 3rd side on the second side limit post 27, shear box 6 is fixed, start the second servomotor 4, horizontal addload axle 22 is connected with connection end 21, equi-strain rate 1mm/min on request applies pulling force T by transmission rod 20, down cut box 7 is moved to the second servomotor 4 direction, adopt horizontal displacement meter 23 to measure horizontal shift S simultaneously, in maintenance, shear box 6 horizontal direction is fixed, upper shear box 6 is by the first vertical slide rail 10 and the second vertical slide rail 30 slide downward, make vertical loading axle 25 output pressure according to F '=F-Ttg30 ° of change, and adopt vertical displacement meter 9 to measure the perpendicular displacement S ' of increased pressure board 26, ball axle row 12 slides along lower box expansion board 13, spill to avoid the upper box sample 11 of upper shear box 6 inside,
6. when horizontal shift S increases to 75mm, stop test, in acquisition, box sample 11 and lower box sample 14 surface of contact place normal pressure f=F ' cos30 °+Tsin30 °, get the maximal value f of f
max1, obtain surface of contact place shearing force T '=Tcos30 °-F ' sin30 °, get the maximum of T of T ' '
max1;
7. by vertical loading axle 25, first servomotor 3 is unloaded, second servomotor 4 promotes down cut box 7 by horizontal addload axle 22 applied thrust and moves, shear box 6 is overlapped with down cut box 7, on removal, shear box 6 and the first side limit post 24 and the second side to limit the connection of post 27, start the first lifting jack 15 and the second lifting jack 19, first base for supporting 16 and the second base for supporting 18 are departed from loading frame 2 respectively, railcar 8 is contacted with horizontal slide rail 17, railcar 8 is moved on load sample platform 5 by horizontal slide rail 17, the whole compound of removal;
8. change pressure at right angle F=600kN, repeat step 2.-7., obtain f
max2with T '
max2;
9. again change pressure at right angle F=800kN, repeat step 2.-7., obtain f
max3with T '
max3;
10. by f
max1with T '
max1, f
max2with T '
max2, f
max3with T '
max3be converted into stress by upper box sample 11 with the contact area of lower box sample 14, draw mole coulomb line, obtain coarse-grained soil compound Shear Strength Index.
Claims (1)
1. a large geotechnical shear strength test device, it is characterized in that this device comprises reaction frame (1), loading frame (2), first servomotor (3), second servomotor (4), load sample platform (5), upper shear box (6), down cut box (7), railcar (8), vertical displacement meter (9), first vertical slide rail (10), upper box sample (11), ball axle row (12), lower box expansion board (13), lower box sample (14), first lifting jack (15), first base for supporting (16), horizontal slide rail (17), second base for supporting (18), second lifting jack (19), transmission rod (20), connection end (21), horizontal addload axle (22), horizontal displacement meter (23), first side limit post (24), vertical loading axle (25), increased pressure board (26), second side limit post (27), telescopic arm (28), 3rd side limit post (29), second vertical slide rail (30), first servomotor (3) connects vertical loading axle (25), vertical loading axle (25) provides pressure at right angle, be positioned at above increased pressure board (26), increased pressure board (26) connects vertical displacement meter (9), increased pressure board (26) is positioned at the end face of box sample (11), upper shear box (6) limits post (24) and the second side to limit post (27) to fix by the first side, first side limit post (24) connects the first vertical slide rail (10), second side limit post (27) limits post (29) to be connected by telescopic arm (28) and the 3rd side, 3rd side limit post (29) connects the second vertical slide rail (30), upper shear box (6) aims at down cut box (7) by ball axle row (12), box sample (11) is installed in upper shear box (6), lower box sample (14) is installed in down cut box (7), down cut box (7) connects lower box expansion board (13), down cut box (7) joining rails car (8), railcar (8) can move on load sample platform (5) along horizontal slide rail (17), horizontal slide rail (17) is connected with loading frame (2), first lifting jack (15) connects the first base for supporting (16), second lifting jack (19) connects the second base for supporting (18), down cut box (7) connects transmission rod (20) and horizontal displacement meter (23), connection end (21) is aimed at horizontal addload axle (22), horizontal addload axle (22) connects the second servomotor (4), upper shear box (6) is of a size of the wide 500mm of long 500mm, the box wall height connecting the upper shear box (6) of the first limit post (24) side, side is 445mm, the box wall height connecting the upper shear box (6) of the second limit post (27) side, side is 155mm, down cut box (7) is of a size of the wide 500mm of long 500mm, the box wall height connecting the down cut box (7) of lower box expansion board (13) side is 155mm, the box wall height connecting the down cut box (7) of transmission rod (20) side is 445mm, ball axle row (12) inclination angle is 30 °, upper shear box (6) and down cut box (7) all adopt the alloy material that the light intensity of quality is high, and carry out anodization preservative treatment, inwall four angles of upper shear box (6) and down cut box (7) are circular design, radius of corner is 30mm ~ 60mm, upper shear box (6) can slide along lower box expansion board (13), first side limit post (24) can along the first vertical slide rail (10) vertical sliding motion, 3rd side limit post (29) can along the second vertical slide rail (30) vertical sliding motion, first servomotor (3) and the second servomotor (4) apply power by reaction frame (1), reaction frame (1) and loading frame (2) and increased pressure board (26) all adopt high-strength stainless steel material, gap length between increased pressure board (26) and upper shear box (6) is 2mm ~ 4mm, ball axle row (12), lower box expansion board (13) and horizontal slide rail (17) are high-strength stainless steel material, and surface all scribbles teflon, first servomotor (3) and the second servomotor (4) all can carry out fast forwarding and fast rewinding operation, also at the uniform velocity strain loading and stress loading can be carried out, strain shear rate is 0.02 ~ 5.00mm/min, maximum output can reach 1000kN, measuring accuracy of exerting oneself can reach 0.5%FS, and stress shear rate is 100 ~ 600kN/min, the maximum range of vertical displacement meter (9) is 150mm, and measuring accuracy can reach 1mm, and the maximum range of horizontal displacement meter (23) is 170mm, and measuring accuracy can reach 1mm.
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| CN105241761A (en) * | 2015-11-18 | 2016-01-13 | 北京市政路桥建材集团有限公司 | Method for evaluating bonding strength and durability between layers of asphalt road |
| CN108181172A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-06-19 | 浙江大学 | A kind of inclination basement rock pile foundation failure mode and load-carrying properties indoor simulation device and its method |
| CN108801806A (en) * | 2018-05-03 | 2018-11-13 | 南昌大学 | A kind of multifunctional large-scale temperature control saturation staight scissors simple shear double-purpose instrument |
| CN112748023A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-05-04 | 广西科技大学 | Geosynthetic material temperature control oblique shear test device and test method |
| CN113567234A (en) * | 2021-04-26 | 2021-10-29 | 浙江大学 | Clamping device for side limit stretching of geotextile and implementation method |
| CN117647451A (en) * | 2024-01-19 | 2024-03-05 | 中国电建集团西北勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Device and method for testing shearing strength of undisturbed loess multi-group shearing surfaces |
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| CN105241761A (en) * | 2015-11-18 | 2016-01-13 | 北京市政路桥建材集团有限公司 | Method for evaluating bonding strength and durability between layers of asphalt road |
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| CN117647451A (en) * | 2024-01-19 | 2024-03-05 | 中国电建集团西北勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Device and method for testing shearing strength of undisturbed loess multi-group shearing surfaces |
| CN117647451B (en) * | 2024-01-19 | 2024-04-12 | 中国电建集团西北勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Device and method for testing shearing strength of undisturbed loess multi-group shearing surfaces |
| CN117647452A (en) * | 2024-01-29 | 2024-03-05 | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 | Physical simulation test system for researching fault-to-fault tunnel structure |
| CN117647452B (en) * | 2024-01-29 | 2024-03-26 | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 | Physical simulation test system for researching fault-to-fault tunnel structure |
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