CN105687717A - 一种治疗风湿性心脏病的中药制剂 - Google Patents
一种治疗风湿性心脏病的中药制剂 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种治疗风湿性心脏病的中药制剂,属于中药技术领域。该中药制剂的原料药材为:茯苓、党参、玉竹、麦冬、汉中防己、桂枝、五味子、没药、当归、丹参、远志、苍术、柏子仁、白术、三七、阿胶、白芍、泽泻、苦参、黄柏、乳香、续断、甘草。与现有技术相比,本发明中药制剂具有专病专药、治疗效果好、临床治愈率高、毒副作用极低、适合老年人、孕妇等特殊患者群体服用等技术优势;此外,该制剂药效稳定、制剂工艺简便成本低、适合推广应用等也是其显著的技术特点。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于中药技术领域,涉及一种治疗风湿性心脏病的中药制剂。
背景技术
风湿性心脏病简称风心病,是指由于风湿热活动,累及心脏瓣膜而造成的心脏瓣膜病变。表现为二尖瓣、三尖瓣、主动脉瓣中有一个或几个瓣膜狭窄和(或)关闭不全。临床上狭窄或关闭不全常同时存在,但常以一种为主。患病初期常常无明显症状,后期则表现为心慌气短、乏力、咳嗽、下肢水肿、咳粉红色泡沫痰等心功能失代偿的表现。本病多发于冬春季节,寒冷、潮湿和拥挤环境下,初发年龄多在5-15岁,复发多在初发后3-5年内。
目前,西医治疗该病:瓣膜病变不论是狭窄、关闭不全或者同时存在,出现明显临床症状时都需要手术治疗,对病变瓣膜进行修复或者置换。手术治疗风险大,患者痛苦大。
中医学虽无此病名,根据心悸、气急、浮肿、咯血等主要临床表现,类似于中医“心痹”,亦可归属于“惊悸”、“怔忡”或“喘证”等范畴。《黄帝内经》所载:“脉痹不己,复感于邪,内舍于心。”“心痹者,脉不通,烦则心下鼓,暴上气而喘。”可见对本病之病因病机、证候、特征已有一定认识。之后,张仲景应用辨证施治的原则,制定了一些至今仍行之有效的方剂,如真武汤、苓桂术甘汤等。隋代巢元方在《诸病源候论》中将心瘁证出现的证候特征分成心悸、喘哮、水忡等几个阶段进行论述,与本病临床表现颇相类似。宋代陈无择、清代沉金鳌等医家分别对本病病理机制及症候特征的描述,增添了部分新的内容,值得现代临床借鉴。
风湿性心脏病的病因,西方医学及中医学均冠以“风湿”之名,可见两者的认识颇为一致。通过广大临床工作者的实践,对风湿性心脏病的病机有了较为深入的认识,其病因外为风湿之邪侵袭,内为脏腑虚损,病机演变过程可分述如下:
1、风湿外侵,心体受损,禀赋素虚,屡受风寒湿邪侵袭,风湿入络迁延不愈,痹阻经脉;或因风湿人脉郁而化热,心营为之病变,气血运行不畅,盖人体气血之循脉皆赖于脏腑之气,尤依仗于心气之鼓动,心脏负担过重,心体受累而致病。此常见于病变早期或急性活动期。
2、心脉痹阻,气血瘀滞,风湿性心脏病既成,耗气伤血,气虚不能布血,血虚难以荞心,心气过耗,以致心脏推动血液功能障碍,血循失常,瘀痹于心,心脉为之痹阻,脉络不通,故见唇绀舌紫之外象,咳血、咯血之肺脾郁血之症。
3、心体内虚,累及他脏,心病既久,势必累及肺、脾、肾诸脏。肺贯心脉而司呼吸,心血郁阻,株连肺脏,移邪于肺,而致痰瘀交阻,肺气肃降无权,故有咳嗽痰喘,甚则倚息不能平卧。心气虚影响脾气虚弱,运化失职,则气血生化无源,而致心血愈虚,呈现惊悸、眩晕,食少便溏等心脾两虚证,脾阳不振,难以运湿;水湿内停,肾阳虚衰,蒸化无权,聚水成饮;水饮泛滥,上则凌心射肺,下则腹满肢肿。由此心、肺、脾、肾互相牵累,阴阳、气血俱虚,病变愈演愈烈,最终导致心力衰竭,阴阳离决。
综上病因机制可辨证分型如下:
1、风热袭表:风湿性心脏病早期,可见发热,咽红肿痛,皮肤红斑,关节红肿酸痛,伴心悸心慌,咳喘气粗,咳吐黄稠痰,小便短赤,大便秘结。舌苔薄黄或薄腻,脉来浮数。
治法:宣肺解表,清热化痰。
2、心脾两亏:心慌气短,面色眺白或萎黄,头晕目眩,手足麻木,神倦乏力,面浮足肿,纳少便溏,舌质淡红,脉细无力或结代。心肺瘀痹,风心日久,胸前窒闷,刺痛时作,心悸怔忡,烦躁焦虑,唇甲青紫,颈脉怒张动甚,喘咳气急,甚则咯血,面色灰暗或两颧深黯而紫。舌质暗紫有瘀斑,脉来结代。
治法:健脾宁心,补益气血。
3、脾肾阳虚(水气凌心):症见心悸如脱,形寒怯冷,咳嗽喘满,气短难续,四肢逆冷,面色虚浮,全身浮肿,自汗尿少。舌质青紫,脉细弱或迟虚。甚则可见心悸如悬,呼吸微弱,大汗淋漓,脉细欲绝等阳衰至极,亡阳虚脱之危象。
治法:活血化瘀,宁心益肺。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种对风湿性心脏病有较好治疗效果的中药制剂。为了解决上述技术问题,发明人所采取的技术方案为,由自身的实践经验和理论知识出发,发明一个经过临床反复验证改进的组方,然后利用现代中药制剂技术开发一个制备方法。该中药组方以重量份表示为:
茯苓11-41份、党参12-36份、玉竹7-23份、麦冬8-26份、汉中防己9-27份、桂枝7-25份、五味子6-22份、没药5-19份、当归8-27份、丹参10-34份、远志6-19份、苍术9-33份、柏子仁6-21份、白术8-32份、三七4-13份、阿胶3-11份、白芍11-32份、泽泻7-24份、苦参6-18份、黄柏5-17份、乳香3-13份、续断6-24份、甘草7-28份。
实践中优选出来的具有上佳表现的组方配比以重量份表示为:
茯苓24份、党参22份、玉竹18份、麦冬20份、汉中防己13份、桂枝18份、五味子16份、没药17份、当归16份、丹参22份、远志12份、苍术21份、柏子仁13份、白术25份、三七9份、阿胶7份、白芍22份、泽泻16份、苦参12份、黄柏11份、乳香4份、续断15份、甘草17份。
实践中优选出来的具有上佳表现的组方配比以重量份表示为:
茯苓26份、党参24份、玉竹15份、麦冬17份、汉中防己18份、桂枝16份、五味子14份、没药12份、当归18份、丹参21份、远志13份、苍术22份、柏子仁14份、白术20份、三七8份、阿胶6份、白芍20份、泽泻15份、苦参13份、黄柏12份、乳香8份、续断16份、甘草18份。
本发明公开一种制备治疗风湿性心脏病的中药制剂的方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)按中药组方分别称取各味药材,分别粉碎,备用;
(2)将阿胶用5-14倍重量的蒸馏水烊化,备用;
(3)将三七烘干粉碎,研磨,过70-130目筛,得细粉,备用;
(4)将苍术、白术、甘草分别置锅内用文火炒至微黄色,取出放凉;烘干研磨,过70-130目筛,混合得细粉,备用;
(5)将黄柏和柏子仁加5-13倍重量的浓度55-75%的乙醇,浸泡2-6小时,回流提取2次,每次1-6小时,过滤,合并滤液,减压蒸馏除去乙醇,并浓缩至60℃相对密度为1.16-1.20的浓缩液备用;
(6)将茯苓、党参、玉竹、麦冬、汉中防己、桂枝、五味子、没药、当归、丹参、远志、白芍、泽泻、苦参、乳香、续断,加入初始药材5-16倍重量的蒸馏水,浸泡5-24小时,回流煎煮1-6小时,过滤,再加入初始重量4-12倍重量的蒸馏水,回流煎煮1-4小时,过滤,合并滤液,浓缩至60℃相对密度为1.16-1.20的浓缩液备用;
(7)将步骤(5)和(6)所得浓缩液混合均匀,并将烊化的阿胶与步骤(3)和(4)所得的细粉,加入浓缩液混合均匀,继续浓缩至55℃相对密度为1.43-1.48的中药稠膏,备用;
(8)将步骤(7)的中药稠膏添加辅料,利用现代通用的中药制剂技术制成临床所需要的成品剂型,例如汤剂、颗粒剂、丸剂(含水丸、浓缩丸、蜜丸、蜡丸)、酒剂、散剂、胶剂、膏剂、酊剂、丹剂、片剂、胶囊剂(含软胶囊)、糖浆剂、冲剂、油剂等剂型。
本发明还公开上述中药制剂在制备治疗风湿性心脏病的药物中的用途。
本发明中药制剂使用了多味中药材,这些中药材的性味归经和功能主治为:
茯苓:本品为多孔菌科真菌茯苓的干燥菌核。味甘、淡,性平;归心、脾、肾经;渗湿利水、健脾和胃、宁心安神。
党参:本品为桔梗科植物党参、素花党参(西党参)或川党参的干燥根。味甘,性平;归脾、肺经;补中益气,健脾益肺。
玉竹:本品为百合科植物玉竹的干燥根茎。味甘,性微寒;归肺、胃经;养阴润燥,生津止渴。
麦冬:本品为百合科植物麦冬(沿阶草)的干燥块根。味甘,微苦,性微寒;归心、肺、胃经;养阴生津,润肺清心。
汉中防己:为马兜铃科植物异叶马兜铃的根。春、秋季挖根,刮去外皮,晒干。味苦;辛;性寒;归膀胱、肾、脾经;祛风止痛,清热利水。主风湿关节疼痛;湿热肢体疼痛;水肿;小便不利;脚气湿肿。
桂枝:本品为樟科植物肉桂的干燥嫩枝。味辛、甘,性温;归心、肺、膀胱经;发汗解肌,温通经脉,助阳化气,平冲降气。
五味子:本品为木兰科植物五味子或华中五味子的干燥成熟果实。味酸、甘,性温;归肺,心、肾经;收敛固涩,益气生津,补肾宁心。
没药:橄榄科没药属植物没药树及同属他种植物的树干皮部渗出的油胶树脂。味苦,性平;入肝经;散瘀止痛,外用消肿生肌。
当归:本品为伞形科植物当归的干燥根。味甘、辛,性温;归肝、心、脾经;补血活血,调经止痛,润肠通便。
丹参:本品为唇形科植物丹参的干燥根及根茎。味苦,性微寒;归心、肝经;祛瘀止痛,活血通经,清心除烦。
远志:本品为远志科植物远志或卵叶远志的干燥根。味苦、辛、性温;归心、肾、肺经;安神益智,祛痰,消肿。
苍术:本品为菊科植物茅苍术或北苍术的干燥根茎。味辛、苦,性温;归脾、胃、肝经;燥湿健脾,祛风散寒,明目。
柏子仁:本品为柏科植物侧柏的干燥成熟种仁。味甘,性平;归心、肾、大肠经;养心安神,止汗,润肠。
白术:本品为菊科植物白术的干燥根茎。味苦、甘,性温;归脾、胃经;健脾益气,燥湿利水,止汗,安胎。
三七:本品为五加科植物三七的干燥根。味甘、微苦,性温;归肝、胃经;散瘀止血,消肿定痛。
阿胶:本品为马科动物驴的皮经煎煮、浓缩制成的固体胶。味甘,性平;归肺、肝、肾经;补血滋阴,润燥,止血。
白芍:本品为毛茛科植物芍药的干燥根。味苦、酸,性微寒;归肝、脾经;平肝止痛,养血调经,敛阴止汗。
泽泻:本品为泽泻科植物泽泻的干燥块茎。味甘,性寒;归肾、膀胱经;利小便,清湿热。
苦参:本品为豆科植物苦参的干燥根。味苦,性寒;归心、肝、胃、大肠、膀胱经;清热燥湿,杀虫,利尿。
黄柏:本品为芸香科植物黄皮树或黄檗的干燥树皮。味苦,性寒;归肾、膀胱经;清热燥湿,泻火除蒸,解毒疗疮。
乳香:橄榄科乳香树属植物乳香树、药胶香树及野乳香树等,以其树干皮部伤口渗出的油胶树脂入药。味辛苦,性温;入心、肝、脾经;调气活血,定痛,追毒。
续断:本品为川续断科植物川续断的干燥根。味苦、辛,性微温;归肝、肾经;补肝肾,强筋骨,续折伤,止崩漏。
甘草:本品为豆科植物甘草、胀果甘草或光果甘草的干燥根。味甘,性平;归心、肺、脾、胃经;补脾益气,清热解毒,祛痰止咳,缓急止痛,调和诸药。
本发明中药制剂的组方分析:
该中药组方是以茯苓、党参、苍术、白术、白芍、丹参为君药,渗湿利水、补中益气、祛风散寒、燥湿利水、养血调经、祛瘀止痛;以汉中防己、当归、麦冬、桂枝、续断、玉竹为臣药,祛风止痛、补血活血、润肺清心、温通经脉、补肾强骨、养阴润燥;以柏子仁、五味子、泽泻、苦参、三七为佐药,养心安神、补肾宁心、清热利湿、燥湿利尿、消肿止痛;以远志、没药、阿胶、黄柏、乳香为使药,祛痰消肿、散瘀止痛、补血滋阴、泻火除蒸、调气活血;以甘草调和诸药性质,并发挥补脾益气、缓急止痛等功效;君臣佐使诸药配合,表里互助,阴阳相携,协同达到渗湿利水、补中益气、养血调经、祛瘀止痛、祛风止痛、补血活血、养心安神、补肾宁心、补血滋阴、泻火除蒸、调气活血等功效,对风湿性心脏病具有十分显著的疗效。
与现有技术相比,本发明中药制剂主要有以下技术优势:
1、专病专药,治疗效果好,临床治愈率高;
2、毒副作用极低,适合老年人、孕妇等特殊患者群体服用;
3、药效稳定,制剂工艺简便成本低,适合推广应用。
具体实施方式
实施例1
用本发明组方配比范围内的最大值和最佳工艺参数生产丸剂:
(1)按中药组方分别称取茯苓4100g、党参3600g、玉竹2300g、麦冬2600g、汉中防己2700g、桂枝2500g、五味子2200g、没药1900g、当归2700g、丹参3400g、远志1900g、苍术3300g、柏子仁2100g、白术3200g、三七1300g、阿胶1100g、白芍3200g、泽泻2400g、苦参1800g、黄柏1700g、乳香1300g、续断2400g、甘草2800g,分别粉碎,备用;
(2)将阿胶用8倍重量的蒸馏水烊化,备用;
(3)将三七烘干粉碎,研磨,过90目筛,得细粉,备用;
(4)将苍术、白术、甘草分别置锅内用文火炒至微黄色,取出放凉;烘干研磨,过90目筛,混合得细粉,备用;
(5)将黄柏和柏子仁加8倍重量的浓度55-75%的乙醇,浸泡3小时,回流提取2次,每次2小时,过滤,合并滤液,减压蒸馏除去乙醇,并浓缩至60℃相对密度为1.16-1.20的浓缩液备用;
(6)将茯苓、党参、玉竹、麦冬、汉中防己、桂枝、五味子、没药、当归、丹参、远志、白芍、泽泻、苦参、乳香、续断,加入初始药材11倍重量的蒸馏水,浸泡8小时,回流煎煮3小时,过滤,再加入初始重量7倍重量的蒸馏水,回流煎煮2小时,过滤,合并滤液,浓缩至60℃相对密度为1.16-1.20的浓缩液备用;
(7)将步骤(5)和(6)所得浓缩液混合均匀,并将烊化的阿胶与步骤(3)和(4)所得的细粉,加入浓缩液混合均匀,继续浓缩至55℃相对密度为1.43-1.48的中药稠膏,备用;
(8)将步骤(7)的中药稠膏添加辅料,利用现代通用的中药制剂技术制成丸剂,规格:1.24g生药/g丸剂。
实施例2
用本发明组方配比范围内的最小值和最佳工艺参数生产丸剂:
(1)按中药组方分别称取茯苓1100g、党参1200g、玉竹700g、麦冬800g、汉中防己900g、桂枝700g、五味子600g、没药500g、当归800g、丹参1000g、远志600g、苍术900g、柏子仁600g、白术800g、三七400g、阿胶300g、白芍1100g、泽泻700g、苦参600g、黄柏500g、乳香300g、续断600g、甘草700g,分别粉碎,备用;
(2)将阿胶用8倍重量的蒸馏水烊化,备用;
(3)将三七烘干粉碎,研磨,过90目筛,得细粉,备用;
(4)将苍术、白术、甘草分别置锅内用文火炒至微黄色,取出放凉;烘干研磨,过90目筛,混合得细粉,备用;
(5)将黄柏和柏子仁加8倍重量的浓度55-75%的乙醇,浸泡3小时,回流提取2次,每次2小时,过滤,合并滤液,减压蒸馏除去乙醇,并浓缩至60℃相对密度为1.16-1.20的浓缩液备用;
(6)将茯苓、党参、玉竹、麦冬、汉中防己、桂枝、五味子、没药、当归、丹参、远志、白芍、泽泻、苦参、乳香、续断,加入初始药材11倍重量的蒸馏水,浸泡8小时,回流煎煮3小时,过滤,再加入初始重量7倍重量的蒸馏水,回流煎煮2小时,过滤,合并滤液,浓缩至60℃相对密度为1.16-1.20的浓缩液备用;
(7)将步骤(5)和(6)所得浓缩液混合均匀,并将烊化的阿胶与步骤(3)和(4)所得的细粉,加入浓缩液混合均匀,继续浓缩至55℃相对密度为1.43-1.48的中药稠膏,备用;
(8)将步骤(7)的中药稠膏添加辅料,利用现代通用的中药制剂技术制成丸剂,规格:1.24g生药/g丸剂。
实施例3
用本发明组方优选配比的值和最佳工艺参数生产丸剂:
(1)按中药组方分别称取茯苓2400g、党参2200g、玉竹1800g、麦冬2000g、汉中防己1300g、桂枝1800g、五味子1600g、没药1700g、当归1600g、丹参2200g、远志1200g、苍术2100g、柏子仁1300g、白术2500g、三七900g、阿胶700g、白芍2200g、泽泻1600g、苦参1200g、黄柏1100g、乳香400g、续断1500g、甘草1700g,分别粉碎,备用;
(2)将阿胶用8倍重量的蒸馏水烊化,备用;
(3)将三七烘干粉碎,研磨,过90目筛,得细粉,备用;
(4)将苍术、白术、甘草分别置锅内用文火炒至微黄色,取出放凉;烘干研磨,过90目筛,混合得细粉,备用;
(5)将黄柏和柏子仁加8倍重量的浓度55-75%的乙醇,浸泡3小时,回流提取2次,每次2小时,过滤,合并滤液,减压蒸馏除去乙醇,并浓缩至60℃相对密度为1.16-1.20的浓缩液备用;
(6)将茯苓、党参、玉竹、麦冬、汉中防己、桂枝、五味子、没药、当归、丹参、远志、白芍、泽泻、苦参、乳香、续断,加入初始药材11倍重量的蒸馏水,浸泡8小时,回流煎煮3小时,过滤,再加入初始重量7倍重量的蒸馏水,回流煎煮2小时,过滤,合并滤液,浓缩至60℃相对密度为1.16-1.20的浓缩液备用;
(7)将步骤(5)和(6)所得浓缩液混合均匀,并将烊化的阿胶与步骤(3)和(4)所得的细粉,加入浓缩液混合均匀,继续浓缩至55℃相对密度为1.43-1.48的中药稠膏,备用;
(8)将步骤(7)的中药稠膏添加辅料,利用现代通用的中药制剂技术制成丸剂,规格:1.24g生药/g丸剂。
实施例4
用本发明组方优选配比的值和最佳工艺参数生产丸剂:
(1)按中药组方分别称取茯苓2600g、党参2400g、玉竹1500g、麦冬1700g、汉中防己1800g、桂枝1600g、五味子1400g、没药1200g、当归1800g、丹参2100g、远志1300g、苍术2200g、柏子仁1400g、白术2000g、三七800g、阿胶600g、白芍2000g、泽泻1500g、苦参1300g、黄柏1200g、乳香800g、续断1600g、甘草1800g,分别粉碎,备用;
(2)将阿胶用8倍重量的蒸馏水烊化,备用;
(3)将三七烘干粉碎,研磨,过90目筛,得细粉,备用;
(4)将苍术、白术、甘草分别置锅内用文火炒至微黄色,取出放凉;烘干研磨,过90目筛,混合得细粉,备用;
(5)将黄柏和柏子仁加8倍重量的浓度55-75%的乙醇,浸泡3小时,回流提取2次,每次2小时,过滤,合并滤液,减压蒸馏除去乙醇,并浓缩至60℃相对密度为1.16-1.20的浓缩液备用;
(6)将茯苓、党参、玉竹、麦冬、汉中防己、桂枝、五味子、没药、当归、丹参、远志、白芍、泽泻、苦参、乳香、续断,加入初始药材11倍重量的蒸馏水,浸泡8小时,回流煎煮3小时,过滤,再加入初始重量7倍重量的蒸馏水,回流煎煮2小时,过滤,合并滤液,浓缩至60℃相对密度为1.16-1.20的浓缩液备用;
(7)将步骤(5)和(6)所得浓缩液混合均匀,并将烊化的阿胶与步骤(3)和(4)所得的细粉,加入浓缩液混合均匀,继续浓缩至55℃相对密度为1.43-1.48的中药稠膏,备用;
(8)将步骤(7)的中药稠膏添加辅料,利用现代通用的中药制剂技术制成丸剂,规格:1.24g生药/g丸剂。
试验例1:本发明中药丸剂的毒性试验
1、急性毒性试验
(1)受试药物:本发明实施例1-4所制造的丸剂,加纯化水,调制成所需浓度的稀糊,备用。
(2)试验动物:昆明种小鼠,体重24g±5g,雌雄各半,雌性小鼠均无孕。从北京大学试验动物中心购买。
(3)小鼠灌胃本发明中药丸剂配制的稀糊,当灌胃剂量达到691.5g生药/kg剂量时,给药后小鼠出现轻微活动减少,2小时左右恢复正常,给药后连续观察7天,无一动物死亡,其全身状况、饮食、摄水、小便和体重增长均正常。
(4)试验结果表明:小鼠灌胃实施例1-4所制造的丸剂的最大给药量为691.5g生药/kg/d(LD50>691.5g生药/kg)。本发明的中药制剂每日临床用药总量为0.31g生药/kg/d;按体重计,小鼠灌胃实施例1-4所制造的丸剂的耐受量为临床病人的2230.6倍。提示该药急性毒性极低,临床用药安全。
2、动物长期毒性试验
(1)受试药物:本发明实施例1-4所得中药丸剂,加纯化水,调制成所需浓度的稀糊,备用。
(2)试验动物:普通级SD大鼠,体重227g±10g,雌雄各半,雌性大鼠均无孕。从北京大学试验动物中心购买。
(3)方法与结果:
4种中药丸剂:均分为高、中、低三个剂量组,单位体重给药量分别为患者服用量的180、60、20倍;将实验鼠随机分成13组,其中12组分别灌胃4种三个剂量的丸剂溶液,剩余一组灌胃生理盐水(患者服用量的20倍);所有13组均连续灌胃180天,观察动物全身毒性反应及严重程度,处死后按操作规程检查各部位,并进行血液学,ALT、BUN及心、肝、脾、肺、肾、胃等主要脏器的病理学检查;
经过长期喂食,13组大鼠均未出现毒性反应。发育良好。肉眼外观及主要脏器未见异常。外周血象及血清ALT、BUN与对照组比较无病理性改变。病理报告心、肝、脾、肺、肾、胃等均未有意义的改变,因此,认为经病理证实,4种中药丸剂对动物无慢性毒性表现。
通过以上两个毒性实验,证明本发明按实施例1-4制作的中药丸剂是安全的,无毒副作用的,可以被患者服用。
试验例2:本发明中药制剂的药效学研究
本发明中药丸剂对大剂量异丙肾上腺素所致大鼠慢性心肌缺血的保护作用。
实验方法:取雄性大鼠100只,随机分为5组,每组20只。正常对照组:50μl/(kg·d)生理盐水皮下注射7d,同时给予生理盐水10ml/(kg·d)灌胃,分三次灌胃,连续28天。
模型组:皮下注射异丙肾上腺素5mg/(kg·d),制成慢性心肌缺血模型,连续7d;同时给予生理盐水10ml/(kg·d)灌胃,分3次灌胃,连续28天。
阳性对照组:造模同前,造模成功后,给予利心丸(吉林市鹿王制药股份有限公司生产,国药准字Z22022570)灌胃,剂量为9.0g生药/kg/d,分3次灌胃,连续28天。
本发明C组:造模同前,造模成功后,灌胃本发明实施例3所生产的丸剂,规格为1.24g生药/g丸剂(以折合组合物有效成分原料计);剂量为3.1g生药/kg/d,分3次灌胃,连续28天。
本发明D组:造模同前,造模成功后,灌胃本发明实施例4所生产的丸剂,规格为1.24g生药/g丸剂(以折合组合物有效成分原料计);剂量为3.1g生药/kg/d,分3次灌胃,连续28天。
各组大鼠在灌胃28天后,锁骨下静脉取血2ml,3000r/min离心30分钟。按照试剂盒说明书中的方法检测,实验数据统计结果以±SD表示,统计学处理方法采用组间t检验,结果参见表1。
表1本发明组合物对异丙肾上腺素所致大鼠慢性心肌缺血的保护作用(±SD,n=20)
注:与正常组比较*P<0.01;与模型对照组比较#P<0.05,##P<0.01;与阳性对照组相比较&P<0.05。
由表1数据可知,本发明中药丸剂能够明显减少异丙肾上腺素所致心肌缺损的大鼠心肌坏死程度,极显著降低血清CK-MB和乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活性,与模型对照组相比,##P<0.01,具有极显著性差异;并且本发明制剂的作用效果显著优于阳性对照药,&P<0.05。因此,推测本发明中药制剂对风湿性心脏病具有较好的治疗作用。
试验例3:本发明中药制剂的临床试验
1、基本资料
本次临床试验共征集风湿性心脏病患者279例,年龄35-65岁,其中男147例,女132例,将所有患者按年龄、性别、病程、治疗情况等平均分成对照组、试验1组和试验2组,使这三个组具备统计学意义上的可比性。
2、试验药品
对照药:利心丸,批准文号:国药准字Z22022570,生产厂家:吉林市鹿王制药股份有限公司。
试验1组:本发明实施例3所生产的丸剂,规格:1.24g生药/g丸剂。
试验2组:本发明实施例4所生产的丸剂,规格:1.24g生药/g丸剂。
3、试验方法
对照组口服对照药,每日3次,每次9g;试验1组、试验2组口服试验药,每日3次,每次5g;两周为一个疗程,所有患者连续治疗4个疗程。治疗结束后统计治疗结果进行分析。
4、评价标准
治愈:风湿性心脏病的所有症状完全消失,并经医生确诊已经痊愈;
有效:风湿性心脏病的部分症状消失或有所改善;
无效:风湿性心脏病的所有症状没有任何改善,甚至更加严重。
5、试验结果
试验结果统计分析如表2所示。
表2试验结果统计分析表
6、结论
表2试验结果分析显示,相对于对照组,本发明中药丸剂具有十分显著的治疗优势,试验1组、试验2组的治愈率分别是对照药的6.1、6.3倍,其总有效率比对照药分别高30.1、31.2个百分点。因此,与现有技术相比,本发明具有十分显著的技术优势,其在风湿性心脏病的治疗领域取得了十分突出的技术进步和科研成果。所以,本发明的创造性是显而易见的。
Claims (4)
1.一种治疗风湿性心脏病的中药制剂,其特征在于,所述中药制剂的中药组方是由如下重量份的中药材组成的:茯苓11-41份、党参12-36份、玉竹7-23份、麦冬8-26份、汉中防己9-27份、桂枝7-25份、五味子6-22份、没药5-19份、当归8-27份、丹参10-34份、远志6-19份、苍术9-33份、柏子仁6-21份、白术8-32份、三七4-13份、阿胶3-11份、白芍11-32份、泽泻7-24份、苦参6-18份、黄柏5-17份、乳香3-13份、续断6-24份、甘草7-28份。
2.如权利要求1所述的治疗风湿性心脏病的中药制剂,其特征在于,所述中药制剂的中药组方是由如下重量份的中药材组成的:茯苓26份、党参24份、玉竹15份、麦冬17份、汉中防己18份、桂枝16份、五味子14份、没药12份、当归18份、丹参21份、远志13份、苍术22份、柏子仁14份、白术20份、三七8份、阿胶6份、白芍20份、泽泻15份、苦参13份、黄柏12份、乳香8份、续断16份、甘草18份。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的治疗风湿性心脏病的中药制剂,其特征在于,所述中药制剂的制备方法为以下步骤:
(1)按中药组方分别称取各味药材,分别粉碎,备用;
(2)将阿胶用5-14倍重量的蒸馏水烊化,备用;
(3)将三七烘干粉碎,研磨,过70-130目筛,得细粉,备用;
(4)将苍术、白术、甘草分别置锅内用文火炒至微黄色,取出放凉;烘干研磨,过70-130目筛,混合得细粉,备用;
(5)将黄柏和柏子仁加5-13倍重量的浓度55-75%的乙醇,浸泡2-6小时,回流提取2次,每次1-6小时,过滤,合并滤液,减压蒸馏除去乙醇,并浓缩至60℃相对密度为1.16-1.20的浓缩液备用;
(6)将茯苓、党参、玉竹、麦冬、汉中防己、桂枝、五味子、没药、当归、丹参、远志、白芍、泽泻、苦参、乳香、续断,加入初始药材5-16倍重量的蒸馏水,浸泡5-24小时,回流煎煮1-6小时,过滤,再加入初始重量4-12倍重量的蒸馏水,回流煎煮1-4小时,过滤,合并滤液,浓缩至60℃相对密度为1.16-1.20的浓缩液备用;
(7)将步骤(5)和(6)所得浓缩液混合均匀,并将烊化的阿胶与步骤(3)和(4)所得的细粉,加入浓缩液混合均匀,继续浓缩至55℃相对密度为1.43-1.48的中药稠膏,备用;
(8)将步骤(7)的中药稠膏添加辅料,利用现代通用的中药制剂技术制成临床所需要的成品剂型。
4.如权利要求1或2所述的治疗风湿性心脏病的中药制剂,其特征在于:所述中药制剂为汤剂、颗粒剂、丸剂、酒剂、散剂、胶剂、膏剂、酊剂、丹剂、片剂、胶囊剂、糖浆剂、冲剂或油剂。
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CN104417082A (zh) * | 2013-08-28 | 2015-03-18 | 富士通电子零件有限公司 | 打印装置 |
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