CN105672004A - 一种腈纶织物荧光黄染色和多功能整理方法 - Google Patents

一种腈纶织物荧光黄染色和多功能整理方法 Download PDF

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CN105672004A
CN105672004A CN201610238849.1A CN201610238849A CN105672004A CN 105672004 A CN105672004 A CN 105672004A CN 201610238849 A CN201610238849 A CN 201610238849A CN 105672004 A CN105672004 A CN 105672004A
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CN105672004B (zh
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曹机良
魏媛
张晓静
吕名秀
孟春丽
洪东兴
李武龙
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Henan Institute of Engineering
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种腈纶织物荧光黄染色和多功能整理方法,先对腈纶进行改性,再用酸性荧光黄染料、天然阳离子染料黄连素和阴离子型紫外吸收剂对改性腈纶进行处理。本发明通过对腈纶进行改性,赋予其阳离子基团,而腈纶本身的阴离子基团也得到保留,故酸性荧光染料和阴离子紫外吸收剂可与腈纶的阳离子基团结合,而天然阳离子染料可与腈纶的阴离子基团结合。通过以上操作,制得的腈纶织物具有抗静电、抗菌、抗紫外和荧光性能,且织物的日晒牢度也得到提高。

Description

一种腈纶织物荧光黄染色和多功能整理方法
技术领域
本发明属于染整技术领域,涉及一种采用荧光染料、天然染料和紫外吸收剂对改性腈纶进行染色和整理一浴处理方法,尤其能实现腈纶织物的抗菌、抗紫外、荧光染色和提高日晒牢度。
背景技术
腈纶面料因其保暖性和蓬松性好,价格成本占据优势,而成为纺织面料的主要选择之一,但其同时存在易产生静电、阳离子染料染色织物牢度尤其是日晒牢度较差、抗紫外性能和抗菌性能不佳等缺点,故如何开发抗静电、抗紫外、抗菌等多功能于一体且日晒牢度优良的荧光染料是染整工作者追求的目标。当前腈纶面料要想实现上述功能需进行多种加工,工艺流程长,且难以获得满意的效果。发明专利CN200910133209.4公开了一种多功能腈纶改性纤维生产工艺,该工艺采用纺丝的方法制备了由48%的丙烯腈和52%的其它单体共聚腈纶,产品具有抗阻燃、抗静电、抗菌、蓄热保温、有色、易染、抗辐射等特殊功能。发明专利CN201510590138.6公开了一种抗菌腈纶色丝的制备方法,在湿法纺丝原液中共混抗菌剂,经挤出在凝固浴中成型,得到初生腈纶纤维,然后进行阳离子染料凝胶着色,制备出载有抗菌剂的腈纶色丝。上述功能化腈纶纤维的制备通过纺丝的方法完成,目前很少有通过染整后整理加工得到多功能腈纶的制备方法。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是针对当前腈纶织物容易产生静电,荧光染色时常用的阳离子荧光染料日晒牢度不佳,且纤维本身抗紫外性能和抗菌性能较差的缺点,提供一种通过对腈纶进行改性提高其抗静电性能,通过阴离子酸性荧光黄染料、天然阳离子染料黄连素和阴离子紫外吸收剂对改性腈纶进行同浴处理,使腈纶织物获得良好的荧光性能、抗静电性能、抗紫外性能、抗菌性能和较高的日晒牢度。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明采用以下技术方案:一种腈纶织物荧光黄染色和多功能整理方法,其特征在于:对改性腈纶用酸性荧光黄染料、黄连素和阴离子紫外吸收剂进行同浴处理,步骤如下:
(1)对腈纶进行改性:在处理浴A中加入改性剂,然后按浴比1:5~50将腈纶投入处理浴A中,再以0.5~5℃/min的升温速度升温至90~140℃,保温30~300min,然后以0.5~5℃/min的降温速度降温至60℃,充分水洗至pH值为中性,烘干或晾干;
(2)对改性腈纶进行染色和整理:在处理浴中B加入酸性荧光黄、黄连素、阴离子型紫外吸收剂和防沉淀剂,调节pH为2~5,将步骤(1)改性后的腈纶按浴比1:10~100投入处理浴中,以0.5~5℃/min的升温速度升温至80~100℃,保温10~60min,以0.5~3℃/min的降温速度降温至50℃,最后将腈纶水洗、烘干或晾干。
所述步骤(1)中的改性剂为多乙烯多胺。
所述的多乙烯多胺为二乙烯三胺、三乙烯四胺、四乙烯五胺或五乙烯六胺。
所述步骤(1)中改性剂的浓度为200~900ml/L。
所述步骤(2)中酸性荧光黄0.15~0.85%owf。
所述步骤(2)中黄连素的浓度为0.1~4%owf。
所述步骤(2)中阴离子型紫外吸收剂的浓度为1~10%owf。
所述步骤(2)中防沉淀剂的浓度为1~4g/L,防沉淀剂可为非离子表面活性剂、阴离子表面活性剂或其混合物,如非离子表面活性剂平平加O、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚型非离子表面活性剂,阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基苯磺酸钠或十二烷基硫酸酯钠等中的至少一种。
所述步骤(2)中阴离子型紫外吸收剂为水杨酸酯类、二苯甲酮类、苯并三唑类或均三嗪类化合物。
本发明的有益效果:本发明对腈纶进行改性赋予其抗静电性能和阳离子基团,在改性腈纶处理浴中加入酸性荧光黄染料、天然阳离子染料黄连素和阴离子型紫外吸收剂,使改性腈纶织物获得良好的荧光性能、抗静电性能、抗紫外性能、抗菌性能和较高的日晒牢度。本发明的技术方案工艺简单可行,对染料、助剂和织物无特殊要求,利用常规印染厂染色设备就可实现规模生产,具有广阔的应用前景。
具体实施方式
一种腈纶织物荧光黄染色和多功能整理方法,其过程如下:第一步对腈纶进行改性:在处理浴中加入改性剂和水的混合物,然后按浴比1:5~50将腈纶投入上述溶液中,再以0.5~5℃/min的升温速度升温至90~140℃,保温30~300min,然后以0.5~5℃/min的降温速度降温至60℃,充分水洗至pH值为中性,烘干或晾干;第二步对改性腈纶进行染色和整理:在另一个处理浴中加入酸性荧光黄0.15~0.85%owf,黄连素0.1~4%owf,阴离子型紫外吸收剂1~10%owf,防沉淀剂1~4g/L,调节pH为2~5,将步骤(1)改性后的腈纶按浴比1:10~100投入处理浴中,以0.5~5℃/min的升温速度升温至80~100℃,保温10~60min,以0.5~3℃/min的降温速度降温至50℃,最后将腈纶水洗、烘干或晾干。
实施例1
一种腈纶织物荧光黄染色和多功能整理方法,其过程如下:
(1)对腈纶进行改性:在处理浴A中加入改性剂三乙烯四胺,然后按浴比1:10将腈纶投入上述溶液中,再以2℃/min的升温速度升温至120℃,保温90min,然后以2℃/min的降温速度降温至60℃,充分水洗至pH值为中性,烘干或晾干;
(2)对改性腈纶进行染色和整理:在处理浴B中加入酸性荧光黄0.65%owf,黄连素2%owf,阴离子型紫外吸收剂2%owf,防沉淀剂2g/L,调节pH为4,将步骤(1)改性后的腈纶按浴比1:20投入处理浴中,以3℃/min的升温速度升温至90℃,保温40min,以1℃/min的降温速度降温至50℃,最后将腈纶水洗、烘干或晾干。
第一步改性时处方1如下:
三乙烯四胺600ml/L
第二步染色和整理时处方2如下:
酸性荧光黄0.65%owf
黄连素2%owf
水杨酸类紫外吸收剂2%owf
平平加O2g/L
pH4
实施例2
一种腈纶织物荧光黄染色和多功能整理方法,其过程如下:
(1)对腈纶进行改性:在处理浴A中加入改性剂三乙烯四胺,然后按浴比1:20将腈纶投入上述溶液中,再以3℃/min的升温速度升温至130℃,保温60min,然后以3℃/min的降温速度降温至60℃,充分水洗至pH值为中性,烘干或晾干;
(2)对改性腈纶进行染色和整理:在处理浴B中加入酸性荧光黄0.45%owf,黄连素3%owf,阴离子型紫外吸收剂3%owf,防沉淀剂1g/L,调节pH为5,将步骤(1)改性后的腈纶按浴比1:40投入处理浴中,以1.5℃/min的升温速度升温至85℃,保温60min,以2℃/min的降温速度降温至50℃,最后将腈纶水洗、烘干或晾干。
第一步改性时处方1如下:
三乙烯四胺800ml/L
第二步染色和整理时处方2如下:
酸性荧光黄0.45%owf
黄连素3%owf
水杨酸类紫外吸收剂3%owf
十二烷基苯磺酸钠1g/L
pH5
实施例3
一种腈纶织物荧光黄染色和多功能整理方法,其过程如下:
(1)对腈纶进行改性:在处理浴A中加入改性剂二乙烯三胺,然后按浴比1:30将腈纶投入上述溶液中,再以1℃/min的升温速度升温至110℃,保温120min,然后以1℃/min的降温速度降温至60℃,充分水洗至pH值为中性,烘干或晾干;
(2)对改性腈纶进行染色和整理:在处理浴B中加入酸性荧光黄0.85%owf,黄连素4%owf,阴离子型紫外吸收剂5%owf,防沉淀剂4g/L,调节pH为4.5,将步骤(1)改性后的腈纶按浴比1:50投入处理浴中,以3℃/min的升温速度升温至95℃,保温30min,以4℃/min的降温速度降温至50℃,最后将腈纶水洗、烘干或晾干。
第一步改性时处方1如下:
二乙烯三胺700ml/L
第二步染色和整理时处方2如下:
酸性荧光黄0.85%owf
黄连素4%owf
二苯甲酮类紫外吸收剂5%owf
十二烷基硫酸酯钠4g/L
pH4.5
实施例4
一种腈纶织物荧光黄染色和多功能整理方法,其过程如下:
(1)对腈纶进行改性:在处理浴A中加入改性剂二乙烯三胺,然后按浴比1:50将腈纶投入上述溶液中,再以3℃/min的升温速度升温至100℃,保温180min,然后以4℃/min的降温速度降温至60℃,充分水洗至pH值为中性,烘干或晾干;
(2)对改性腈纶进行染色和整理:在处理浴B中加入酸性荧光黄0.15%owf,黄连素0.1%owf,阴离子型紫外吸收剂4%owf,防沉淀剂1g/L,调节pH为4.5,将步骤(1)改性后的腈纶按浴比1:20投入处理浴中,以2℃/min的升温速度升温至85℃,保温60min,以2℃/min的降温速度降温至50℃,最后将腈纶水洗、烘干或晾干。
第一步改性时处方1如下:
二乙烯三胺500ml/L
第二步染色和整理时处方2如下:
酸性荧光黄0.15%owf
黄连素0.1%owf
二苯甲酮类紫外吸收剂4%owf
平平加O0.5g/L
十二烷基苯磺酸钠0.5g/L
pH4.5
实施例5
一种腈纶织物荧光黄染色和多功能整理方法,其过程如下:
(1)对腈纶进行改性:在处理浴A中加入改性剂四乙烯五胺和水的混合物,然后按浴比1:10将腈纶投入上述溶液中,再以2℃/min的升温速度升温至110℃,保温80min,然后以2℃/min的降温速度降温至60℃,充分水洗至pH值为中性,烘干或晾干;
(2)对改性腈纶进行染色和整理:在处理浴B中加入酸性荧光黄0.35%owf,黄连素3%owf,阴离子型紫外吸收剂2%owf,防沉淀剂1g/L,调节pH为5,将步骤(1)改性后的腈纶按浴比1:35投入处理浴中,以1℃/min的升温速度升温至95℃,保温40min,以1℃/min的降温速度降温至50℃,最后将腈纶水洗、烘干或晾干。
第一步改性时处方1如下:
四乙烯五胺200ml/L
第二步染色和整理时处方2如下:
酸性荧光黄0.35%owf
黄连素3%owf
二苯甲酮类紫外吸收剂2%owf
平平加O1g/L
pH5
实施例6
一种腈纶织物荧光黄染色和多功能整理方法,其过程如下:
(1)对腈纶进行改性:在处理浴A中加入改性剂四乙烯五胺和水的混合物,然后按浴比1:30将腈纶投入上述溶液中,再以1℃/min的升温速度升温至100℃,保温240min,然后以3℃/min的降温速度降温至60℃,充分水洗至pH值为中性,烘干或晾干;
(2)对改性腈纶进行染色和整理:在处理浴B中加入酸性荧光黄0.25%owf,黄连素4%owf,阴离子型紫外吸收剂1%owf,防沉淀剂2g/L,调节pH为4,将步骤(1)改性后的腈纶按浴比1:15投入处理浴中,以2℃/min的升温速度升温至90℃,保温50min,以2℃/min的降温速度降温至50℃,最后将腈纶水洗、烘干或晾干。
第一步改性时处方1如下:
四乙烯五胺450ml/L
第二步染色和整理时处方2如下:
酸性荧光黄0.25%owf
黄连素4%owf
二苯甲酮类紫外吸收剂1%owf
防沉淀剂平平加O1.5g/L
防沉淀剂十二烷基硫酸酯钠0.5g/L
pH4
实施例7
一种腈纶织物荧光黄染色和多功能整理方法,其过程如下:
(1)对腈纶进行改性:在处理浴A中加入改性剂,然后按浴比1:20将腈纶投入上述溶液中,再以2℃/min的升温速度升温至130℃,保温60min,然后以2℃/min的降温速度降温至60℃,充分水洗至pH值为中性,烘干或晾干;
(2)对改性腈纶进行染色和整理:在处理浴B中加入酸性荧光黄0.65%owf,黄连素2%owf,阴离子型紫外吸收剂2%owf,防沉淀剂1g/L,调节pH为4,将步骤(1)改性后的腈纶按浴比1:55投入处理浴中,以2℃/min的升温速度升温至95℃,保温30min,以3℃/min的降温速度降温至50℃,最后将腈纶水洗、烘干或晾干。
第一步改性时处方1如下:
五乙烯六胺900ml/L
第二步染色和整理时处方2如下:
酸性荧光黄0.65%owf
黄连素2%owf
二苯甲酮类紫外吸收剂2%owf
平平加O0.2g/L
十二烷基苯磺酸钠0.8g/L
pH4
实施例8
一种腈纶织物荧光黄染色和多功能整理方法,其过程如下:
(1)对腈纶进行改性:在处理浴A中加入改性剂五乙烯六胺和水的混合物,然后按浴比1:40将腈纶投入上述溶液中,再以3℃/min的升温速度升温至120℃,保温90min,然后以3℃/min的降温速度降温至60℃,充分水洗至pH值为中性,烘干或晾干;
(2)对改性腈纶进行染色和整理:在处理浴B中加入酸性荧光黄0.40%owf,黄连素3%owf,阴离子型紫外吸收剂2%owf,防沉淀剂1g/L,调节pH为4,将步骤(1)改性后的腈纶按浴比1:35投入处理浴中,以3℃/min的升温速度升温至90℃,保温60min,以2℃/min的降温速度降温至50℃,最后将腈纶水洗、烘干或晾干。
第一步改性时处方1如下:
五乙烯六胺500ml/L
第二步染色和整理时处方2如下:
酸性荧光黄0.40%owf
黄连素3%owf
二苯甲酮类紫外吸收剂2%owf
平平加O1g/L
pH4
本发明的实施效果
腈纶织物分别经实施例1~8改性、染色和整理后,对其进行如下测试,测试结果见表1。
1)荧光性能测试
在UltraScanPRO测色仪(美国HunterLab公司)上测定,采用D65光源和10°观察角,依据BSENISO20471:2013测定样品是否符合荧光强度要求。
2)抗菌性能的测定
依据GB/T20944-2008纺织品抗菌性能的评价测试织物的抑菌效果。
3)染色织物日晒牢度
依据GB/T-8427-2008纺织品日晒色牢度测试标准测试织物的日晒牢度。
4)抗静电性能测定
依据GB/T12703.1-2008纺织品静电性能的评定第1部分:静电压半衰期测定腈纶的抗静电效果。
5)抗紫外性能测定
依据GB/T18830-2009纺织品防紫外线性能的评定方法测定腈纶的抗紫外效果。
6)耐洗牢度测定
依据GB/T3921-2008《纺织品色牢度耐皂洗色牢度》进行试验测试。
7)耐摩擦牢度测定
依据GB/T-2008《纺织品色牢度试验耐摩擦色牢度》进行试验测试。
由表1可知,本发明所提供的技术方案能够赋予腈纶织物优良的抗紫外性能、抗菌性能、日晒牢度、抗静电性能和符合要求的荧光强度,织物的摩擦牢度均达3级以上,皂洗牢度牢度均达4级以上。

Claims (9)

1.一种腈纶织物荧光黄染色和多功能整理方法,其特征在于步骤如下:
(1)对腈纶进行改性:在处理浴A中加入改性剂,然后按浴比1:5~50将腈纶投入处理浴A中,再以0.5~5℃/min的升温速度升温至90~140℃,保温30~300min,然后以0.5~5℃/min的降温速度降温至60℃,充分水洗至pH值为中性,烘干或晾干;
(2)对改性腈纶进行染色和整理:在处理浴中B加入酸性荧光黄、黄连素、阴离子型紫外吸收剂和防沉淀剂,调节pH为2~5,将步骤(1)改性后的腈纶按浴比1:10~100投入处理浴中,以0.5~5℃/min的升温速度升温至80~100℃,保温10~60min,以0.5~3℃/min的降温速度降温至50℃,最后将腈纶水洗、烘干或晾干。
2.根据权利要求1所述的腈纶织物荧光黄染色和多功能整理方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(1)中的改性剂为多乙烯多胺。
3.根据权利要求2所述的腈纶织物荧光黄染色和多功能整理方法,其特征在于:所述的多乙烯多胺为二乙烯三胺、三乙烯四胺、四乙烯五胺或五乙烯六胺。
4.根据权利要求2所述的腈纶织物荧光黄染色和多功能整理方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(1)中改性剂的浓度为200~900ml/L。
5.根据权利要求1所述的腈纶织物荧光黄染色和多功能整理方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(2)中酸性荧光黄0.15~0.85%owf。
6.根据权利要求1所述的腈纶织物荧光黄染色和多功能整理方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(2)中黄连素的浓度为0.1~4%owf。
7.根据权利要求1所述的腈纶织物荧光黄染色和多功能整理方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(2)中阴离子型紫外吸收剂的浓度为1~10%owf。
8.根据权利要求1所述的腈纶织物荧光黄染色和多功能整理方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(2)中防沉淀剂的浓度为1~4g/L,防沉淀剂为平平加O、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚型非离子表面活性剂、十二烷基苯磺酸钠或十二烷基硫酸酯钠。
9.根据权利要求1所述的腈纶织物荧光黄染色和多功能整理方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(2)中阴离子型紫外吸收剂为水杨酸酯类、二苯甲酮类、苯并三唑类或均三嗪类化合物。
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