CN105670715B - 一种高性能环保醇基燃料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000001293 FEMA 3089 Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims abstract description 19
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
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- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/02—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/16—Hydrocarbons
- C10L1/1616—Hydrocarbons fractions, e.g. lubricants, solvents, naphta, bitumen, tars, terpentine
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C10L1/182—Organic compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxy groups; Salts thereof
- C10L1/1822—Organic compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxy groups; Salts thereof hydroxy group directly attached to (cyclo)aliphatic carbon atoms
- C10L1/1824—Organic compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxy groups; Salts thereof hydroxy group directly attached to (cyclo)aliphatic carbon atoms mono-hydroxy
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2230/00—Function and purpose of a components of a fuel or the composition as a whole
- C10L2230/22—Function and purpose of a components of a fuel or the composition as a whole for improving fuel economy or fuel efficiency
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2300/00—Mixture of two or more additives covered by the same group of C10L1/00 - C10L1/308
- C10L2300/30—Mixture of three components
Abstract
本发明属于燃料的技术领域，具体的涉及一种高性能环保醇基燃料及其制备方法。该种高性能环保醇基燃料，包括以下原料：甲醇、乙醇、丁辛醇、丙醇和松节油。该醇基燃料具有燃烧充分；热值高且放热倍增的效果，达到了释放热量大，节能环保的要求。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于燃料的技术领域，具体的涉及一种高性能环保醇基燃料及其制备方法。
背景技术
醇基燃料是一种以甲醇、乙醇、丁辛醇等多元醇类为主体配置的燃料，根据不同的比例调和制成，又称为甲基燃料，以液体或者固体形式存在的。它也是一种生物质能，和核能、太阳能、风力能、水力能一样，为各国政府目前大力推广的环保清洁能源。面对石化能源的枯竭，醇基燃料是最有潜力的新型替代能源，深受各国企业组织的青睐。
醇基燃料可以用于餐饮以及工业锅炉。醇基燃料有明显的经济可比性，与液化气、柴油、煤油相比，热效率高是它最佳的特点；醇基燃料是绿色环保能源，与煤、煤焦油、重油、柴油、汽油相比，醇基燃料燃烧最完全彻底，热转换效率最高，排放以水与二氧化碳为主，是未来最清洁、最环保、最有发展潜力的燃料。
目前醇基燃料的优势已引起业内的重视，但它的技术难度大，尤其在针对醇基燃料原料的选择配比上。因此要合成与汽油、柴油相媲美的燃料需要更高深的技术研究与实践。虽然现在对醇基燃料的研究很多，然而目前所获得的醇基燃料不仅热值低，而且严重存在环保不达标等问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于针对现阶段醇基燃料存在热值低且环保不达标的问题而提供一种高性能环保醇基燃料及其制备方法，该醇基燃料具有燃烧充分；热值高且放热倍增的效果，达到了释放热量大，节能环保的要求。
本发明的技术方案为：一种高性能环保醇基燃料，包括以下原料：甲醇、乙醇、丁辛醇、丙醇和松节油。
所述高性能环保醇基燃料，由以下重量份的原料制成：甲醇40-100份、乙醇2-8份、丁辛醇5-40份、丙醇1-8份、松节油1-5份。
所述高性能环保醇基燃料，由以下重量份的原料制成：甲醇80-95份、乙醇2-5份、丁辛醇10-20份、丙醇1-5份、松节油1-5份。
所述高性能环保醇基燃料，由以下重量份的原料制成：甲醇65份、乙醇5份、丁辛醇20份、丙醇6份、松节油4份。
所述高性能环保醇基燃料，由以下重量份的原料制成：甲醇55份、乙醇6份、丁辛醇28份、丙醇7份、松节油4份。
所述高性能环保醇基燃料，由以下重量份的原料制成：甲醇45份、乙醇7份、丁辛醇35份、丙醇8份、松节油5份。
一种所述高性能环保醇基燃料的制备方法，按照甲醇40-100份、乙醇2-8份、丁辛醇5-40份、丙醇1-8份、松节油1-5份的原料组分和比例混合，然后用化工专用防暴泵循环1小时后即可得到所述醇基燃料。
本发明的有益效果为：本发明所述高性能环保醇基燃料包括以下原料：甲醇、乙醇、丁辛醇、丙醇和松节油。其中通过甲醇与丁辛醇和松节油三者之间互溶后使得该醇基燃料燃烧得更加充分，并且大气排放指标比现在的国家排放标准还要低；弥补了现在市场上醇基燃料热值低、环保超标等缺陷。
所述高性能环保醇基燃料通过加入的乙醇和丙醇相互配合，同时与其他原料组分相互协同不仅可以增加热值，达到很好的燃烧效果，而且可以降低污染物的排放。松节油与丁辛醇作为助燃增热剂，使该醇基燃料在燃烧时热值提高，易点火，燃烧稳定，燃烧效率高。同时所述高性能环保醇基燃料在提高甲醇含量的同时并没有加入水分，因为甲醇含水量对燃料的热值有直接影响，水本身无热值应从高热值中扣除，甲醇燃烧时水变成水蒸汽，其蒸汽热量不能利用，使热值降低又会带走很多热量不能回收，反而增加燃料消耗。
经试验测得，该高性能环保醇基燃料的燃烧值为6000～8500千卡/千克，火焰温度为1200～1350℃。
本发明中所述高性能环保醇基燃料不含氯、铅、锰等，尤其在用于工业锅炉时对锅炉没有腐蚀性，与其它燃料相比能延长锅炉的使用寿命，较大地降低了客户的使用成本。
下面将所述高性能环保醇基燃料与现有燃料进行经济型对比，其中均采用1吨蒸汽锅炉为测试设备，具体请见表1。
表1 经济型对比表：
通过表1可以得出：本发明所述高性能环保醇基燃料较之柴油成本节省10％～20％；该高性能环保醇基燃料较之天然气成本节省5％～10％；虽然所述高性能环保醇基燃料较之燃煤成本要耗费22％～42％，但是本发明环保节能安全。
下面对本发明所述高性能环保醇基燃料进行环保性能测试，具体检测报告如下。
1.检测项目：烟尘、二氧化硫、氮氧化物。
2.检测仪器名称及型号：自动烟尘(气)测试仪，3012H。
3.检测方法：烟尘-重量法、二氧化硫、氮氧化物-定电位电解法。
4.方法依据：GB/T16157-1996《固定污染源排气中颗粒物测定与气态污染物采样方法》；
《空气和废气监测分析方法》(第四版)；HJ693-2014《固定污染源废气氮氧化物的测
定定电位电解法》；HJ/T57-2000《固定污染源排气中二氧化硫的测定定电位电解法》。
5.检测现场情况：设备使用单位：某某食品厂；设备制造厂：某某锅炉有限公司；设备型号：WNS1-1.25-Y(Q)蒸汽锅炉；额定负荷1.0t/h；设备额定压力：1.25MPa；测孔处烟道截面积：0.0531m2；运行负荷：1.0t/h；负荷系数：1.0；燃料品种：本发明所述高性能环保醇基燃料；检测点位：烟道内。
6.检测结果：对于设备锅炉大气污染物的检测结果请见表2。
表2锅炉大气污染物检测结果。
| 测试项目 | 单位 | 脱硫后测试数据 |
| 测孔处全压 | Pa | -20 |
| 测孔处静压 | Pa | -30 |
| 测孔处动压 | Pa | 24 |
| 测孔处烟气温度 | ℃ | 92.1 |
| 含湿量 | ％ | 14.5 |
| 烟气流速 | m/s | 5.9 |
| 烟气流量 | m3/h | 714 |
| 实测含氧量 | ％ | 0.5 |
| 烟尘浓度 | mg/m3 | 6.3 |
| 二氧化硫浓度 | mg/m3 | 23 |
| 氮氧化物浓度 | mg/m3 | 5 |
综上所述，本发明所述高性能环保醇基燃料具有燃烧充分；热值高且放热倍增的效果，达到了释放热量大，节能环保的要求。由于该醇基燃料热值高，节能环保等优点，因此可用于外燃式燃烧领域，可完全替代天燃气和柴油等传统能源。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例对本发明进行详细的说明。
实施例1
配制所述高性能环保醇基燃料，按照以下原料及比例混合：甲醇650kg、乙醇50kg、丁辛醇200kg、丙醇60kg、松节油40kg，用化工专用防暴泵循环1小时后即可得到醇基燃料。
经试验测得，该实施例所述高性能环保醇基燃料的燃烧值为6800千卡/千克，火焰温度为1250℃。
实施例2
配制所述高性能环保醇基燃料，按照以下原料及比例混合：甲醇550kg、乙醇60kg、丁辛醇280kg、丙醇70kg、松节油40kg，用化工专用防暴泵循环1小时后即可得到醇基燃料。
经试验测得，该实施例所述高性能环保醇基燃料的燃烧值为7500千卡/千克，火焰温度为1300℃。
实施例3
配制所述高性能环保醇基燃料，按照以下原料及比例混合：甲醇450kg、乙醇70kg、丁辛醇350kg、丙醇80kg、松节油50kg，用化工专用防暴泵循环1小时后即可得到醇基燃料。
经试验测得，该实施例所述高性能环保醇基燃料的燃烧值为8100千卡/千克，火焰温度为1350℃。
由上述可知本发明得到的醇基燃料具有燃烧充分，热值高、放热倍增的效果，达到了释施热量大，节能环保的要求。
Claims (6)
1.一种高性能环保醇基燃料，其特征在于，由以下重量份的原料制成：
甲醇40-100份、乙醇2-8份、丁辛醇5-40份、丙醇1-8份、松节油1-5份。
2.根据权利要求1所述高性能环保醇基燃料，其特征在于，由以下重量份的原料制成：甲醇80-95份、乙醇2-5份、丁辛醇10-20份、丙醇1-5份、松节油1-5份。
3.根据权利要求1所述高性能环保醇基燃料，其特征在于，由以下重量份的原料制成：甲醇65份、乙醇5份、丁辛醇20份、丙醇6份、松节油4份。
4.根据权利要求1所述高性能环保醇基燃料，其特征在于，由以下重量份的原料制成：甲醇55份、乙醇6份、丁辛醇28份、丙醇7份、松节油4份。
5.根据权利要求1所述高性能环保醇基燃料，其特征在于，由以下重量份的原料制成：甲醇45份、乙醇7份、丁辛醇35份、丙醇8份、松节油5份。
6.一种权利要求1所述高性能环保醇基燃料的制备方法，其特征在于，按照甲醇40-100份、乙醇2-8份、丁辛醇5-40份、丙醇1-8份、松节油1-5份的原料组分和比例混合，然后用化工专用防暴泵循环1小时后即可得到所述醇基燃料。
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