CN106675671A - 一种水化合物燃料 - Google Patents

一种水化合物燃料 Download PDF

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CN106675671A
CN106675671A CN201710121870.8A CN201710121870A CN106675671A CN 106675671 A CN106675671 A CN 106675671A CN 201710121870 A CN201710121870 A CN 201710121870A CN 106675671 A CN106675671 A CN 106675671A
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parts
fuel
hydrate
hydrate fuel
fuel according
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税正强
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种水化合物燃料，由下述重量份的成分组成：甲醇80‑99份,水50‑70份,石蜡油4‑6份，甘油4‑6份，乙醇1‑3份，叔丁醇1‑3份，氯化铁0.1‑0.3份，甲基叔丁基醚0.1‑0.3份，乙酸乙酯0.02‑0.04份，松节油15‑17份，二甲苯4‑6份,二戊铁1‑3份，200号溶剂油4‑6份，双烯基丁二酰亚胺0.6‑0.7份，羟基亚乙基二膦酸0.5‑0.7份，燃烧促进剂0.2‑0.5份，清净剂1‑3份，助溶剂15‑17份，烃类9‑11份。与传统燃料相比，燃烧时产生的火焰比柴油和液化石油气更旺，燃烧更完全，更充分，无气味，它具有性能稳定、热效高、经济、安全、无污染的,成本更低的优点。

Description

一种水化合物燃料
技术领域
本发明涉及新型燃料技术领域，具体的说是一种水化合物燃料。
背景技术
由于原油资源的先天缺陷及炼化能力的相对不足，能源供应成为我国经济发展的最大瓶颈。节能和寻找替代能源已经上升为国家战略。“十一五规划”指出，我国必须加快转变经济增长方式以应对能源短缺，在节约利用常规能源的同时，大力应用新技术开发新能源成为能源利用的必经之路。到2019年新能源和可再生能源产业潜在产值可达2000亿元人民币，这就成为各种新能源产业取得好业绩的最大保障。
水化合物燃料是一种以甲醇为主，混合有乙醇等多元醇类和烷烃的液体燃料，又被命名为“醇基燃料”。它也是一种生物质能，和核能、太阳能、风力能、水力能一样，是各国政府目前大力推广的环保洁净能源。水化合物燃料是柴油、液化气，天然气等高热值燃料热值的 80% 左右，属于中热值液体燃料，水化合物燃料能和水以任何比例相互溶解。
而现有的大多醇基燃料在燃烧过程中仅仅依靠空气中的氧作为助燃剂，但这样并不能使之完全燃烧，因而冒出大量黑烟，造成油耗增加、浪费资源、环境污染。
另一方面，醇基燃料的闪点在17℃到23℃之间，其贮存和运输十分危险，在运输的过程中极易将运输中的醇基燃料引爆，因此，醇基燃料也被列为危险化学品，影响了醇基燃料的利用。
所以亟需一种新的水化合物燃料，来解决上述技术问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的是克服现有技术的不足，提供一种水化合物燃料，该水化合物燃料可用于外燃式燃烧领域，可替代柴油和传统燃料。
本发明提供的一种水化合物燃料是通过以下技术方案实现的：
一种水化合物燃料，由下述重量份的成分组成：
甲醇80-99份，水50-70份，石蜡油4-6份，甘油4-6份，乙醇1-3份，叔丁醇1-3份，氯化铁0.1-0.3份，甲基叔丁基醚0.1-0.3份，乙酸乙酯0.02-0.04份，松节油15-17 份，二甲苯4-6份，二戊铁1-3份，200号溶剂油4-6份，双烯基丁二酰亚胺0.6-0.7份，羟基亚乙基二膦酸0.5-0.7份，燃烧促进剂0.2-0.5份，清净剂1-3份，助溶剂15-17份，烃类9-11份。
所述燃烧促进剂为二戊铁8-12份，复式碳酸盐3-6份，二环庚二烯8-11份，乙醚1-4份，过氧化氢2-4份的混合物。
所述燃烧促进剂为二戊铁10份，复式碳酸盐5份，二环庚二烯9份，乙醚3份，过氧化氢3份的混合物。
所述的清净剂为双烯基丁二酰亚胺10～20份，苯酚2-8份，甲酚2-4份，甲醛2-4份的混合物。
所述的清净剂为双烯基丁二酰亚胺15份，苯酚5份，甲酚3份，甲醛3份的混合物。
所述的助溶剂包括油酸、棕榈酸、环烷酸、正十二醇、正辛醇、异辛醇、正庚醇、正丁醇、异丁醇中的一种或多种。
所述烃类包括C5、C8、C9烃类中的一种或多种。
本发明中：
加入乙醇、可以增加热值，达到很好的燃烧效果，同时可以改变水化合物燃料的比重。
氯化铁作为助燃增热剂，使水化合物燃料热值提高，燃烧稳定，易点火，燃烧效率高。且石蜡油的比重比甲醇轻，沸点很高约为 110℃，并且石蜡油不会被甲醇溶解，甲醇与空气直接接触会挥发，本发明中加入氯化铁可以很好的避免这种情况，可以改善醇基燃料体系中的互溶性，防止分层，使得水化合物燃料中的石蜡油和甲醇紧密结合，从而达到提高闪点的目的，考虑到成本因素，石蜡油添加量不宜太大。
乙酸乙酯，作为腐蚀抑制剂，通过物理吸附成膜或化学吸附成膜机理对铁、铜、铝等黑色、有色金属的腐蚀形成抑制作用，特别是控制了羟基锈蚀，同时抑制对橡胶等部件的腐蚀，延长了设备的维修周期。
甲基叔丁基醚，作为稳定剂，有效提高辛烷值和十六烷值，使燃烧更为稳定，能在点火初期增加爆发性的燃烧，使点火容易，解决了低温点火的难题。克服了天气问题。
燃烧促进剂对燃烧有极好促进效果，其中过氧化氢可补充提供燃烧所需氧气，使燃烧更充分。
清洁剂可将燃烧产物进一步反应，最大程度的减少污染物排放。
增加烃类作为增热剂，可提高燃料热值。
助溶剂可有效防止水与其它物质分层。由于甲醇热值低，为提高热值达到更好的燃烧效果，燃料中必须加烃，由于烃类不容易完全燃烧，若在燃料中含有一定量的水，能改善燃料燃烧情况，降低燃料消耗。
水化合物燃料技术的发明成功，无疑对缓解燃料新产品的供需矛盾作出了巨大贡献，它开创了各种工业燃料的新纪元，具有跨时代的意义。具有成本高效益的特点，比现有的燃料技术节约成本45%左右，本发明使多加水同样达到醇基燃料相同的热效，成本只须现有技术的55%左右，
相比现有技术，本发明的优点在于：
1、与传统燃料相比，燃烧时产生的火焰比柴油和液化石油气更旺，燃烧更完全，更充分，无气味，它具有性能稳定、热效高、经济、安全、无污染、成本更低的优点；
2、本发明得到的水化合物燃料具有燃烧充分，热值提高、放热倍增的效果，达到了释放热量大，提高了水化合物燃料运输和存放的安全性，抗氧化、助燃、抗腐蚀、抗冻、提高燃料十六烷值、稳定、热效高、经济、安全、无污染的特点；
3、水化合物燃料技术的发明成功，无疑对缓解燃料新产品的供需矛盾作出了巨大贡献，它开创了各种工业燃料的新纪元，具有跨时代的意义。具有成本低效益高的特点，比现有的燃料技术节约成本45%左右，本发明使多加水同样达到醇基燃料相同的热效，成本只须现有技术的55%左；
4、水化合物燃料产品的用途广泛，实用性强，可替代燃烧用酒精膏；可替代锅炉燃烧用油；可替代液化石油气、天燃气；可替代煤球、煤炭等可燃物。
具体实施方式
下面将通过实施例对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅是本发明的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
一种水化合物燃料由以下重量份的组分组成：甲醇80份，水50份，石蜡油4份，甘油4份，乙醇1份，叔丁醇1份，氯化铁0.1份，甲基叔丁基醚0.1份，乙酸乙酯0.02份，松节油15份，二甲苯4份，二戊铁1份，200号溶剂油4份，双烯基丁二酰亚胺0.6份，羟基亚乙基二膦酸0.5份，燃烧促进剂0.2份，清净剂1份，助溶剂15份，烃类9份。将上述组分加入反应釜中，搅拌均匀即得水化合物燃料
实施例2
一种水化合物燃料，由以下重量份的组分组成：甲醇90份，水60份，石蜡油5份，甘油5份，乙醇2份，叔丁醇2份，氯化铁0.2份，甲基叔丁基醚0.2份，乙酸乙酯0.03份，松节油15-17份，二甲苯4-6份，二戊铁1-3份，200号溶剂油4-6份，双烯基丁二酰亚胺0.6份，羟基亚乙基二膦酸0.6份，燃烧促进剂0.3份，清净剂2份，助溶剂16份，烃类10份。将上述组分加入反应釜中，搅拌均匀即得水化合物燃料
实施例3
一种水化合物燃料，由以下重量份的组分组成：甲醇99份，水70份，石蜡油5份，甘油5份，乙醇3份，叔丁醇3份，氯化铁0.3份，甲基叔丁基醚0. 3份，乙酸乙酯0.04份，松节油17份，二甲苯6份，二戊铁3份，200号溶剂油6份，双烯基丁二酰亚胺0.7份，羟基亚乙基二膦酸0.7份，燃烧促进剂0.5份，清净剂3份，助溶剂17份，烃类11份。将上述组分加入反应釜中，搅拌均匀即得水化合物燃料。
本发明的水化合物燃料有以下几大优点：
1、一氧化碳含量158ppm；
2、二氧化硫含量1.3ppm；
3、 碳氧化物接近0ppm；
4、二氧化碳0.9%；
5、含氧量20.01%；
6、产生热值7000-9000大卡，可调控（柴油约9000大卡）；
7、 产生的温度加压为706度，不加压为702度；
8、本产品燃烧时不产生任何烟值、无色、无味、燃烧完全，不污染环境，设备简单且生产使用成本低廉；
9、不气爆、不自燃；
10、碳含量低；
11、用氧量低，适合野外及空气稀薄之地区使用；
12、冷点-20度 至 -30度；燃烧时不受使用地区气侯影响；
13、燃烧时不受恶劣气候的影响：如（刮风、下雨）；
14、生产、运输、分装、包装、存放安全隐患低；
15、生产原料取得方便。
灭火方式简单安全，可采用以下方式：1、用水稀释即可；2、空气隔绝；3、灭火器材均可。
以上所述实施例仅表示本发明的实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能理解为对本发明范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明保护范围。

Claims (7)

1.一种水化合物燃料，其特征在于：由下述重量份的成分组成：
甲醇80-99份，水50-70份，石蜡油4-6份，甘油4-6份，乙醇1-3份，叔丁醇1-3份，氯化铁0.1-0.3份，甲基叔丁基醚0.1-0.3份，乙酸乙酯0.02-0.04份，松节油15-17 份，二甲苯4-6份，二戊铁1-3份，200号溶剂油4-6份，双烯基丁二酰亚胺0.6-0.7份，羟基亚乙基二膦酸0.5-0.7份，燃烧促进剂0.2-0.5份，清净剂1-3份，助溶剂15-17份，烃类9-11份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种水化合物燃料，其特征在于：所述燃烧促进剂为二戊铁8-12份，复式碳酸盐3-6份，二环庚二烯8-11份，乙醚1-4份，过氧化氢2-4份的混合物。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种水化合物燃料，其特征在于：所述燃烧促进剂为二戊铁10份，复式碳酸盐5份，二环庚二烯9份，乙醚3份，过氧化氢3份的混合物。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种水化合物燃料，其特征在于：所述的清净剂为双烯基丁二酰亚胺10～20份，苯酚2-8份，甲酚2-4份，甲醛2-4份的混合物。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种水化合物燃料，其特征在于：所述的清净剂为双烯基丁二酰亚胺15份，苯酚5份，甲酚3份，甲醛3份的混合物。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种水化合物燃料，其特征在于：所述的助溶剂包括油酸、棕榈酸、环烷酸、正十二醇、正辛醇、异辛醇、正庚醇、正丁醇、异丁醇中的一种或多种。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种水化合物燃料，其特征在于：所述烃类为C5、C8、C9烃类中的一种或多种。
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Application publication date: 20170517