CN109576004A - 一种水基混合燃料及制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种新型的水基混合燃料及制备方法。该混合燃料主要包括水、甲醇、助溶剂、氧化剂、引燃剂、水处理剂等原料，其配比为：甲醇：10%‑20%，助溶剂：5%‑10%，氧化剂：0.01%‑1%，引燃剂：1%‑5%，水处理剂：0.5%‑2%，水：60%‑‑80%。通过配方中各物质成分的合理调配，增强成分间互溶性，提高燃烧性。其燃烧方式是燃料通过离心雾化，使低燃点的引燃剂加热燃烧产热，使甲醇等醇类高温燃烧或分解燃烧产热，在连续的高温和催化条件下水会迅速气化分解，产生氢氧，氧会部分用于醇类燃烧，不断促使水分解反应正向进行，在喷嘴处会喷出大量氢气和外界氧气结合燃烧。本发明火焰稳定有力、发亮发蓝、热值高、燃烧完全、热效率高、性价比高的高品质水基混合燃料。本发明具有不污染环境,性质稳定,使用安全,成本低等优点。由于大部分原料采用的是水,其来源广泛,通过逐级分解产生氢气来燃烧，燃烧热值从理论上较煤油、柴油高,并且不积碳、无污染、运输安全、价格低。可用来替代煤、石油等不可再生污染严重的能源。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种燃料及其制备方法，尤其涉及一种水基混合燃料及其制备方法。
背景技术
随着城市化进程加剧，北方的城市供暖燃煤污染已经严重影响到了人民的身心健康和城市的国际形象，严重阻碍了可持续发展的进程。为了改善这一情况，近些年来政府在大力推广电、天然气等供暖方式，但都面临一些问题，天然气供暖污染也比较严重，电采暖成本较高且推广阻力较大，能源与环境问题，已成为影响经济和社会发展的重要因素。近年来，城市禁止燃煤，液化气、柴油价格高涨，使发展新型燃料替代能源，解决能源短缺问题，减少烟尘排放，改善空气质量，成为有效途径。
水基混合燃料中的水来源广泛成本低，而其中添加剂甲醇广泛地存在于自然界中，是物美、价廉、资源丰富、转化成本低的清洁燃料，它可以从煤、天然气、石油伴生气、植物、可燃垃圾等提取，又是酒精厂、糖厂及其它化肥化工厂的副产品，燃烧后生成二氧化碳和水，不含有害物质和烟尘，热值高，火焰燃烧温度能到到1000℃以上.为此研究这种新型燃料不仅改善空气质量，改善生态环境，同时也大大减低了燃料的燃烧成本。
发明内容
本发明的目的是解决了目前燃料成高，污染环境，雾霾严重，运输安全等问题，提供一种水基混合燃料的生产制备的方法和步骤。
为实现上述目的，提供技术方案如下：
本发明的技术方案一种新型液体燃料，主要由如下重量百分比的原料配制而得：
甲醇：10％-20％
助溶剂：5％-10％
引燃剂：1％-5％
氧化剂：0.01％-1％
水处理剂：0.5％-2％
水：60％--80％
氧化剂为过氧化钠、过氧化氢、高锰酸钾、硝酸钾等一种或几种组合。
助溶剂为乙醇、丙醇、丁醇、丙酮、辛醇，丙三醇等一种或几种组合。
水处理剂为乙二胺四乙酸二钠、乙醇胺、聚乙二醇、聚丙烯酰胺等一种或几种组合。
引燃剂为石油醚、乙醚、乙酸乙酯、丙酮等一种或几种组合。
本发明的技术方案，一种水基混合燃料，重量百分比的原料可优选以下比例配制：
甲醇：18％
助溶剂：8％
引燃剂：2％
氧化剂：0.5％
水处理剂：1.5％
水：70％
本发明的技术方案，一种水基混合燃料，制备的方法步骤是：
(1)先将甲醇倒入容器A中；
(2)按顺序加入引燃剂，搅拌均匀；
(3)按顺序加入助溶剂，搅拌均匀；
(4)再将水倒入容器B中，加入氧化剂，搅拌均匀；
(5)按顺序加入水处理剂到容器B中，搅拌均匀至澄清；
(6)最后将容器A中溶液倒入容器B中，搅拌均匀，静止24小时，即可使用。本技术方案中过氧化氢的浓度不低于30％，甲醇的浓度不低于95％。
本发明的有益效果如下：
一种环保水基混合燃料，本燃料热值高，成本低，火力强劲，燃烧充分，热效率高，稳定性好，不易分层，安全可靠，使用方便，无烟尘排放，环保效果明显，环保卫生，不污染环境，符合环保要求，可替代煤、液化气、天然气、柴油等化石燃料，节能高效，节约替代能源，是一种绿色环保燃料。原料来源广泛，大大降低了烟尘废气对空气的污染，改善了空气质量，改善了生态环境。
本发明中加入水不但降低了燃料的成本，而且水分解生成的氢气和氧气可用于燃烧和助燃，一旦燃烧失控可用水扑灭，简单易行。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施例对本发明作进一步详细说明，但不限于实施例，以下实施例只是描述性的，不是限定性的，不能以此限定本发明的保护范围。以下各实施例所述的份量均为重量份量。
实施例1
一种水基混合燃料，按重量份数计量选取原料，甲醇：18公斤；乙醇：8 公斤；石油醚：2公斤；过氧化氢：0.5公斤；乙二胺四乙酸钠：1.5公斤；水： 70公斤。
一种水基混合燃料，制备的方法和步骤是：现将甲醇倒入容器A中，顺序倒入石油醚、乙醇，搅拌均匀；再将水倒入容器B中加入过氧化氢，搅拌均匀；加入乙二酸四乙酸二钠搅拌至溶解澄清，将容器A中的溶液倒入容器B中，搅拌均匀，即得到水基混合燃料100公斤。
实施例2
一种水基混合燃料，按重量份数计量选取原料，甲醇：20公斤；丙醇：9 公斤；乙醚：1公斤；高锰酸钾：0.01公斤；过氧化氢0.49公斤；乙二胺四乙酸钠：0.5公斤；水：69公斤。
一种水基混合燃料，制备的方法和步骤是：先将甲醇倒入容器A中，顺序倒入乙醚、丙醇，搅拌均匀；再将水倒入容器B中，加入高锰酸钾搅拌至溶解，然后依次加入过氧化氢、乙二酸四乙酸二钠，搅拌至澄清；将容器A中的溶液倒入容器B中，搅拌均匀静止，即得到水基混合燃料100公斤。
实施例3
一种水基混合燃料，按重量份数计量选取原料，甲醇：10公斤；丙醇：4 公斤；丁醇：6公斤；乙酸乙酯：4公斤；硝酸钾：0.05公斤；聚乙二醇：0.95 公斤；水：75公斤。
一种水基混合燃料，制备的方法和步骤是：先将甲醇倒入容器A中，顺序倒入乙酸乙酯、丙醇、丁醇搅拌均匀；再将水倒入容器B中，加入硝酸钾搅拌溶解，加入聚乙二醇，搅拌均匀；将容器A中的溶液倒入容器B中，搅拌均匀静止，即得到水基混合燃料100公斤。
对上述实施例中所得的水基混合燃料进行观察和检测，水基混合燃料为清澈透明的稳定均匀液体，具有不分层、不乳化、无沉淀物、燃烧完全充分且燃烧性能稳定等优点。
上述实施例为本发明较佳的实现方案，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，只是对本发明作出直接的置换或等同的替换，均属于本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (7)
1.一种新型的水基混合燃料，它由水、甲醇和各种添加剂配置而成，其特征在于：按重量百分比计，其配比为：
甲醇：10%-20%
助溶剂：5%-10%
引燃剂：1%-5%
氧化剂：0.01%-1%
水处理剂：0.5%-2%
水：60%--80%
根据权利要求1所述的水基混合燃料，其制备方法特征在于： 甲醇中依次加入引燃剂、助溶剂视为溶液A;水中依次加入氧化剂和水处理剂视为溶液B；然后将溶液A缓慢加入溶液B中，边加入边搅拌，至澄清，静止备用。
2.依此方法制备所得。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的新型水基混合燃料，其特征在于： 所述助溶剂为乙醇、丙醇、丁醇、丙酮、辛醇、丙三醇等有一种或几种组合。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的新型水基混合燃料，其特征在于： 所述引燃剂为石油醚、乙醚、丙酮、乙酸乙酯等一种或几种组合。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的新型水基混合燃料，其特征在于： 所述氧化剂为过氧化钠、过氧化氢、高锰酸钾、硝酸钾等一种或几种组合。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的新型水基混合燃料，其特征在于： 所述水处理剂为乙二胺四乙酸二钠、乙醇胺、聚乙二醇、聚丙烯酰胺等一种或几种组合。
7.根据权利要求1或2所述的新型水基混合燃料，其特征在于： 所述甲醇种类为含量≥95％的甲醇。
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| WO2023215952A1 (en) * | 2022-05-12 | 2023-11-16 | The University Of Adelaide | Calcination apparatus and processes with improved co 2 capture |
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