CN105651671A - Shear-seepage coupling testing device for two-dimensional rock sample - Google Patents
Shear-seepage coupling testing device for two-dimensional rock sample Download PDFInfo
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 165
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 100
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
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- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000366 copper(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- JZCCFEFSEZPSOG-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.[Cu+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O JZCCFEFSEZPSOG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 229910001141 Ductile iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
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Abstract
The invention provides a shear-seepage coupling testing device for a two-dimensional rock sample. The shear-seepage coupling testing device for the two-dimensional rock sample comprises an underframe, a sealing mechanism, a rock sample base, a longitudinal loading mechanism and a lateral loading mechanism, wherein a part above the underframe is divided into a sample introduction area and a test area, and a sliding rail is arranged between the sample introduction area and the test area; the sealing mechanism is used for sealing the two-dimensional rock sample, and a water inlet and a water outlet are respectively formed in the two sides, along a through crack, of the sealing mechanism; the rock sample base can freely slide on the sliding rail, and is used for transporting the horizontally placed two-dimensional rock sample to the test area from the sample introduction area; the longitudinal loading mechanism is fixed above the test area of the underframe, and has a liftable structure as a whole; the lateral loading mechanism is fixed above the test area of the underframe, and has a liftable structure as a whole; the lateral loading mechanism and the longitudinal loading mechanism are arranged in a staggered way. After the shear-seepage coupling testing device for the two-dimensional rock sample is used, the loading of the two-dimensional rock sample as well as the application of extrusion force and shear force for the two-dimensional rock sample can be reliably realized, so that the blank for the shear-seepage coupling testing device for the two-dimensional rock sample at home and abroad is filled up.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Geotechnical Engineering and measure instrument field, particularly relate to a kind of two dimension rock sample shear-seepage coupling test device.
Background technology
In recent years, a large amount of constructions of the heavy constructions such as the utilization along with energy extraction, nuclear waste disposal, hydraulic engineering and the underground space, rock Seepage problems is paid close attention to day by day, in the Geotechnical Engineerings such as mining, water conservancy and hydropower, tunnel, slope reinforcement, the fracture seepage stability important to rock mass engineering project. Rock cranny is one of major reason causing underground engineering water damage on the one hand, and the existence in crack has been greatly reduced rock mass strength on the other hand. It is known that because the compressibility of water is only small, it is easy to transmission pressure, the stress state in rock mass can be changed containing the fluid pressure in water voids. But, the deformation character of rock mass and the deformation character of fluid have obvious difference, so the change of stress field that fluid pressure causes, and the consecutive variations of fluid stress that the groundwater dynamic character of flowing causes, all the deformation behavior of geologic body is played very important impact. Therefore, Hydroelectric Engineering Geology subject and rock mass engineering project will be stablized subject and have highly important theory significance and practical engineering application to be worth by failure mechanism and the strength characteristics of studying crack rock. For rock material, failure by shear is its chief destructive form, and therefore the research of lithosome shear-seepage coupling failure mechanism has great significance to solving the problems referred to above.
List of references 1 (design of novel numerical control rock joint shear seepage tests platform and application, Wang Gang, rock-soil mechanics, 30 (10), 2009) a kind of numerical control rock joint shear seepage tests platform is proposed, its major function is: in the test specimen normal orientation of joint, and testing stand has 3 class controllable boundary conditions: constant normal stress (CNL), constant Normal Displacement (CNV) and constant normal stiffness (CNS). Parallel cracks shear direction, can apply shearing force or displacement, osmotic pressure. The radiant flux test shearing seepage flow rheological test and rock joint of joint shearing test, joint permeability test, closure stress-infiltration coupling test, shear stress-infiltration coupling test, rock joint can be carried out under 3 kinds of borders and loading condition.
Refer to Fig. 1, this system is overall to be made up of axially loaded framework, horizontal load maintainer, axially and transversely creep control system, seepage flow subsystem, shear box and digital control system. Each key component and operation principle introduction thereof are as follows in detail:
Axially loaded framework includes load cylinder, main machine frame, force transducer, upper lower platen etc. Main frame adopts frame structure form, and load cylinder is inverted and is fixed on entablature, and force transducer is arranged on piston.
Horizontal load maintainer includes load cylinder, shears loading frame, force transducer, displacement transducer etc. Shearing loading frame and adopt four frame combination types, the side plate on oil cylinder seat and strut beam and two sides all adopts high grade spheroidal graphite cast-iron so that it is frame stiffness big (5000kN/mm), and stable working is reliable; Shear loading frame and be placed on guide rail, push it to after installing sample when carrying out shearing test in main machine frame, after setting other boundary conditions, namely can carry out corresponding shearing test.
Laterally and axially control system and adopt German DO LI company imported with original packaging EDC Full-digital servo controller, this controller is controller leading in the world, there is multiple Measurement channel, each Measurement channel can carry out individually controlling of load, displacement, deformation etc. or jointly controlling of several Measurement channel respectively, and can realize between multiple control modes without impacting conversion. EDC can arrange a stiffness reliability passage, output channel will be controlled as controlling parameter feedback to EDC according to measuring the normal stiffness value that the normal stress that obtains and normal deformation calculate, thus can realize well-established law to stiffness reliability. This function cannot realize in other controller. The Measure Precision of EDC is high, easy and simple to handle, defencive function is complete, it is possible to achieve automatic Calibration, automatically clear 0 and fault self-diagnosis.
Seepage flow subsystem includes infiltration compression system, Japan's import Panasonic servomotor and controller, EDC controller. Adopt this system can realize multistage controlled permanent osmotic pressure and seepage discharge controls. Outlet at shear box arranges a set of hydrostatic sensor, flow measurement device and stable-pressure device, and a pressure reduction control passage is set in EDC Control System Software, measure the difference of inlet pressure and outlet pressure, it is achieved the closed loop control of shear box import and export osmotic pressure difference. And stable state and the control of transient state osmotic pressure can be realized.
Shear box inside dimension is 200mm (water penetration direction) �� 100mm (infiltration width) �� 100mm (highly). Seepage flow shear box is made up of upper and lower shear box, and upper shear box is made up of upper spliced body, upper sealing ring, upper knife body cushion block; Down cut box is made up of down cut body, lower seal, lower knife body cushion block. Sealing ring is feature and the critical component of this programme, and it is made liquid rubber by elastic and that hardness is moderate polyurethane, and casting moulds is molded. Polyurethane rubber has not only soft but also hard, and the feature such as rub little. Sealing ring is hollow, after sample installs, the liquid plastics of certain pressure will be injected in cavity, upper sealing ring is affixed tightly to the surrounding of the sample first half under stress, and the surrounding that lower seal is affixed tightly to sample lower half under stress achieves sealing, go up sealing ring to be also affected by pressure thight with the contact surface of lower seal and contact, it is achieved that seal simultaneously. When upper and lower shear box produces relative movement, the contact surface of upper sealing ring and lower seal remains in that compression seal in slip conditions, until sealing ring disengages. Having an inlet opening in upper knife body in order to seep water to rock sample shear surface, another hole is steam vent; Lower knife body has an apopore, in order to discharge the water penetrated in rock sample shear surface.
For the numerical control rock joint shear seepage tests platform shown in Fig. 1, it is primarily directed to what three-dimensional rock sample was designed, so it carries out normal direction loading from bottom to top, carry out shearing from right-to-left and load, but three-dimensional rock cranny is complicated, hidden due to it, its internal rupture mechanism cannot really be disclosed under the prior art.And the proposed three-dimensional fracture of prior art is not real " three-dimensional ", and the plane of simply rule, its essence is still two-dimentional. Therefore, two dimension rock sample is carried out experiment and have more realistic meaning. And not for the shear-seepage coupling test device of two dimension rock sample in prior art, and the numerical control rock joint shear seepage tests platform shown in Fig. 1 cannot realize the loading of two dimension rock sample and the applying of extruding force and shearing force.
Summary of the invention
(1) to solve the technical problem that
In view of above-mentioned technical problem, the invention provides the device of a kind of shear-seepage coupling measurement for realizing two dimension rock sample.
(2) technical scheme
Two dimension rock sample shear-seepage coupling test device of the present invention includes: underframe 10, is divided into sample introduction region and test zone, has slide rail between this sample introduction region and test zone above it; Sealing mechanism 20, is used for sealing two dimension rock sample, and it is offering water inlet 23a and outlet 23b respectively along the both sides running through crack; Rock sample base 30, it can on slide rail slidably, be used for by sample introduction region, the two-dimentional rock sample of horizontal positioned is transported to test zone; Longitudinal load maintainer, is fixed on the top of the test zone of underframe 10, and it is liftable structure generally; Lateral load maintainer, is fixed on the top of the test zone of underframe 10, and it is liftable structure generally, and staggers with longitudinal load maintainer; Wherein, two dimension rock sample having and runs through crack, when transporting two dimension rock sample, longitudinal load maintainer and lateral load maintainer rise; After two dimension rock sample is transported to test zone, longitudinal load maintainer and lateral load maintainer fall, and respectively the two-dimentional rock sample being transported to test zone are applied longitudinally and laterally power.
(3) beneficial effect
From technique scheme it can be seen that two dimension rock sample shear-seepage coupling test device of the present invention has the advantages that
(1) it is specifically designed for two dimension rock sample to be designed, it is possible to reliablely and stablely realize the loading of two dimension rock sample and the applying of extruding force and shearing force, fills up the blank of the shear-seepage coupling test device of domestic and international two dimension rock sample;
Adopt two dimension rock sample, shear and flow event is more directly perceived, mechanism is more clear and definite, change conventional three-dimensional process of the test not intuitively, mechanism is clear and definite not, result is difficult to the shortcoming that accurately measures.
(2) by above-mentioned rock sample plane being placed its stability of guarantee; The shearing that achieve different normal pressure under along crack is used in combination by lateral load maintainer and lateral reaction framework; It is respectively provided with in one end, crack and the other end and infiltrates and ooze out pipeline and be respectively provided with in six faces of rock sample to seal and achieve seepage flow after shearing, it is achieved that the shear-seepage coupling test in the fixing crack of wall scroll.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of prior art numerical control rock joint shear seepage tests platform;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of two dimension rock sample shear-seepage coupling test device according to embodiments of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of longitudinal load maintainer in two dimension rock sample shear-seepage coupling test device shown in Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of underframe and lateral load maintainer in two dimension rock sample shear-seepage coupling test device shown in Fig. 2;
Fig. 5 is the stress schematic diagram of two dimension rock sample in two dimension rock sample shear-seepage coupling test device shown in Fig. 2.
[main element]
A-two dimension rock sample;
A1-runs through crack;
10-underframe;
11,12-slide rail;
20-sealing mechanism;
21,22-longitudinal sealing pad; 23-lateral seal ring;
23a-water inlet; 23b-outlet; ;
30-rock sample base;
40-longitudinal direction load maintainer;
41-column; 42-motor mounting plate;
The longitudinal lifting motor of 43-first; 44-bilayer loading frame;
The upper load plate of 44a-; Load plate under 44b-;
45-armorplate glass;
The lateral load maintainer of 50-;
The longitudinal lifting motor of 51-second; 52-reaction frame;
53-extruding force force application mechanism; 54-shearing force force application mechanism;
54a-the first pressing plate; 54b-the second pressing plate;
54c-intake tunnel; 54d-exhalant canal.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention is directed to the disappearance of two dimension rock sample shear-seepage coupling test equipment, exploitation and composition is a kind of can simulation rock sample pilot system of mechanism characteristic under stress field and water flow field combined effect, it is possible to suitable in rock fracture failure mechanism experimental study under stress field and water flow field combined effect.
In one exemplary embodiment of the present invention, it is provided that a kind of two dimension rock sample shear-seepage coupling test device. In the present embodiment, test object is square bluestone board A, is of a size of: long 500mm, wide 500mm, thick 10��20mm. This bluestone board center processing have one to run through crack A1, run through position, crack and fix, cut through by engraving machine, side surface be nature coarse, without polishing.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of two dimension rock sample shear-seepage coupling test device according to embodiments of the present invention. Fig. 5 is the stress schematic diagram of two dimension rock sample in two dimension rock sample shear-seepage coupling test device shown in Fig. 2. As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 5, the present embodiment two dimension rock sample shear-seepage coupling test device includes:
Underframe 10, is divided into sample introduction region and test zone above it, have slide rail (11,12) between this sample introduction region and test zone;
Sealing mechanism 20, is used for sealing two dimension rock sample, and it is offering water inlet 23a and outlet 23b respectively along the both sides running through crack;
Rock sample base 30, it can on slide rail slidably, be used for by sample introduction region, the two-dimentional rock sample of horizontal positioned is transported to test zone;
Longitudinal load maintainer, it is fixed on the top of the test zone of underframe 10, generally liftable structure, when transporting two dimension rock sample, this longitudinal direction load maintainer rises, after two dimension rock sample is transported to test zone, this longitudinal direction load maintainer falls, and the two-dimentional rock sample being transported to test zone is applied longitudinal pressure;
Lateral load maintainer, it is fixed on the top of the test zone of underframe 10, it is liftable structure generally, when transporting two dimension rock sample, this lateral load maintainer rises, after two dimension rock sample is transported to test zone, this lateral load maintainer falls, and the two-dimentional rock sample being transported to test zone is applied lateral pressure; And
Osmotic system, for applying, to one end running through crack of two dimension rock sample in sealing mechanism, the osmotic pressure preset by water inlet; Collect the water oozed out by outlet simultaneously;
Data acquisition module, for being acquired two dimension rock sample seepage parameters under pressurized condition and process.
Hereinafter each ingredient of the present embodiment two dimension rock sample shear-seepage coupling test device is described in detail.
In the present embodiment, one is had to run through crack A1 in two dimension rock sample A center, as shown in Figure 5.The position running through crack is fixed, and tests front engraving machine and carves out and form.
Run through the position of crack A1, the degree of depth and artistic carving etc. about this, all rationally can be selected by those skilled in the art, it is not limited to the form given by the present embodiment.
Refer to Fig. 2, underframe 10 is in frame-like construction. In order to facilitate operated by personnel, this underframe has certain height, and is provided with all kinds of electrical control mechanisms in side.
The top of this underframe 10 is provided with non-interference slide rail (11,12) in two perpendicular direction, thus two dimension rock sample can be transported to test zone by sample introduction region both direction via corresponding rock sample base 30, and then realize two multi-form tests with content.
To ensure that water moves only along crack during due to test, so needing six sides of rock sample are sealed. Sealing mechanism 20 includes: longitudinal sealing pad 21,22, lays respectively at the upper and lower of two dimension rock sample, it is achieved the sealing on the two dimension upper and lower surface of rock sample A; Lateral seal ring 23, in " returning " font, two dimension rock sample A is surrounded by it from surrounding, it is achieved the sealing of two dimension four sides of rock sample. At lateral seal ring 23 along the both sides running through crack, have and have water inlet 23a and outlet 23b.
For longitudinal sealing pad 21,22, it is transparent PVC material, conveniently observes state and the infiltration situation of two dimension rock sample in test process. For lateral seal ring 23, it is polyurethane material, is made by Shooting Technique, it is possible to bear bigger pressure. The combination of this longitudinal sealing pad 21,22 and lateral seal ring 23, it is possible to achieve the sealing of 2MPa water.
Can connect as one between this longitudinal sealing pad (21,22) and lateral seal ring 23, it is also possible to be separately positioned. As long as two dimension rock sample A can be surrounded. Owing to longitudinal load maintainer can be longitudinally applied to pressure, and lower section underframe can provide counter-force, even if thus not being connected between longitudinal sealing pad (21,22) and lateral seal ring 23, under the effect of the pressure, three also can tightly be attached onto, and will not leak.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of longitudinal load maintainer in two dimension rock sample shear-seepage coupling test device shown in Fig. 2. Refer to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, this longitudinal direction load maintainer 40 includes: be fixed on four root posts 41 above underframe test zone; It is fixed on the motor mounting plate 42 at four root post tops; It is fixed on above motor mounting plate, and four the first longitudinal lifting motors 43 extending downwardly from output threaded rod; Double-deck loading frame 44, it includes relative position fixing upper load plate 44a and lower load plate 44b.
Four corner locations of upper load plate 44a offer sliding eye, and sliding up and down of load plate on this, through four sliding eyes, is provided spacing by four root posts. Upper load plate 44a offers corresponding screwed hole at the correspondence position of the output threaded rod of four first longitudinal lifting motors, and the output threaded rod of four first longitudinal lifting motors is screwed in the screwed hole of correspondence. The lower surface of lower load plate 44b is fixed with armorplate glass 45. In four first longitudinal powered situations of lifting motor, four output threaded rods promote double-deck loading frame to move down, armorplate glass push down the two-dimentional rock sample of lower section.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of lateral underframe and lateral load maintainer in two dimension rock sample shear-seepage coupling test device shown in Fig. 2. Refer to Fig. 2 and Fig. 4, lateral load maintainer 50 includes: three second longitudinal lifting motors 51, reaction frame 52, extruding force force application mechanism 53 and shearing force force application mechanism 54.
The bottom of three second longitudinal lifting motors 51 is fixed on underframe 10. Wherein, two second longitudinal lifting motors 51 are positioned at the homonymy of extruding force force application mechanism 53, and a first from left is right; Another second longitudinal lifting motor is positioned at the offside of extruding force force application mechanism 53.
Reaction frame 52 is fixed on the top of three second longitudinal lifting motor output shafts, and staggers with four root posts 41 of longitudinal load maintainer. Reaction frame 52 has screwed hole in the position of these three second longitudinal lifting motor output threaded rods. Three second longitudinal lifting motor output threaded rod corresponding screwed holes on reaction frame 52. In these three second longitudinal powered situations of lifting motor, the output threaded rod of these three second longitudinal lifting motors promotes reaction frame to rise or declines. When reaction frame 52 is positioned at decline state, its two-dimentional rock sample A that will be located in test zone is embedded in wherein.
It should be noted that the longitudinal lifting motors 51 of the present embodiment employing three second, and in other embodiments of the present invention, it is also possible to it is arranged as required to the quantity of second longitudinal lifting motor. Generally, at least need two second longitudinal lifting motors, be separately positioned on the both sides that reaction frame is relative.
Fig. 5 is the stress schematic diagram of two dimension rock sample in two dimension rock sample shear-seepage coupling test device shown in Fig. 2. Refer to Fig. 2 and Fig. 5, extruding force force application mechanism 53 is installed on and is perpendicular to the side running through crack on reaction frame 52, it applies the extruding force of horizontal direction by the pressing plate of head to two dimension rock sample, the counter-force of this extruding force is provided by the opposite side that reaction frame is relative, thus two dimension rock sample is extruded. Shearing force force application mechanism 54 is installed on reaction frame and is parallel to the side running through crack on reaction frame, it is positioned at, to two dimension rock sample, the applied thrust running through side, crack part by the first pressing plate 54a of head, two dimension rock sample is run through crack opposite side part provided by the second pressing plate 54b being fixed on the relative another side of reaction frame, thus two dimension rock sample is sheared.
By this lateral load maintainer, the lateral load capability of the present embodiment test device is 100KN, and shear displacemant ability is 5mm.
Please focus on, with reference to Fig. 5, in the first pressing plate 54a of shearing force force application mechanism head, there is the intake tunnel 54c of " Z " word shape. In the outside of this first pressing plate 54a, the import of intake tunnel 54c has been staggered shearing force force application mechanism. And in the inner side of this first pressing plate 54a, the water inlet 23a of the outlet alignment lateral seal ring side of intake tunnel 54c. Between the reaction frame and two dimension rock sample of shearing force force application mechanism offside, there is the second pressing plate 54b. The exhalant canal 54d of " Z " word shape is offered in this pressing plate. In the inner side of this second pressing plate 54b, the outlet 23b of the import alignment lateral seal ring side of exhalant canal 54d. And in the outside of this second pressing plate 54b, the outlet of exhalant canal 54d has been staggered and has been had the part of shear force between reaction frame and two dimension rock sample.
Osmotic system includes: water supply compression system and return water system. Water supply compression system includes: hydraulic controller driven by stepper motors. Hydraulic controller is connected to the import of intake tunnel 54c outside the first pressing plate by pipeline. After two dimension rock sample has been sheared, hydraulic controller applies the osmotic pressure preset by intake tunnel 54c to one end running through crack of two dimension rock sample. ?he male servant's ? low ? of the ridiculing ? ? ? residence of a high official 5 humorous ? arch sigh mouth of a river of certain a flat iron plate for making cakes ? �� ? 4d of wicked of fleing is connected to this water leg. Collected by pipeline at the water body that oozes out of the other end running through crack of two dimension rock sample and be directed into water leg. Water body in water leg can be discharged; Can also pump in hydraulic controller by outer water pump, to recycle.
Data acquisition module is for being acquired two dimension rock sample seepage parameters (normal force, shearing force, water pressure and seepage water volume) under pressurized condition, comprising: two LOAD CELLSs, a water pressure sensor and effusion meter. Wherein, two LOAD CELLS ranges are 100kN. One is installed between extruding force force application mechanism 53 and the pressing plate in its front, for putting on the normal force of two dimension rock sample in experiment with measuring process. It two is installed between shearing force force application mechanism 54 and pressing plate 54a, for putting on the shearing force of two dimension rock sample in experiment with measuring process. Water pressure sensor range is 2MPa, is installed in the outside of water inlet 23a, for infiltrating the Infiltration water pressure held in experiment with measuring process. Effusion meter range is 5ml/s, is installed in the outside of outlet 23b, for oozing out the flow of current in experiment with measuring process along shear crack.
It should be noted that about in the present embodiment first longitudinal lifting motor, second longitudinal lifting motor, extruding force force application mechanism and shearing force force application mechanism, it all has corresponding electric-control system that it is controlled. And this electric-control system adopts is all electric-control system commonly used in the art, no longer describe in detail herein. And the sensor in data acquisition module is also sensor general in this area, it should be quite familiar with by those skilled in the art, no longer describes in detail herein.
After the structure of the present embodiment two dimension rock sample shear-seepage coupling test device is described in detail, below its operation principle is illustrated:
(1) sample prepares: run through crack with engraving machine engraving on two dimension rock sample;
(2) sample introduction: two dimension rock sample A is disposed longitudinal sealing pad 21,22 up and down, it is positioned on rock sample base 30, surrounding connects lateral seal ring 23, and makes water inlet 23a and the outlet 23b alignment of lateral seal ring 23 both sides run through the two ends in crack; Test zone is pushed afterwards by lower slide rails 11 entirety.
(3) longitudinal register: drive four first longitudinal lifting motors 43, makes double-deck loading frame 44 compress armorplate glass 45 and and then compress rock sample.
(4) level is to location: drive four second longitudinally lifting electrodes 51, decline reaction frame 52 is completely fitted with two dimension rock sample, and with pipeline, the intake tunnel import outside the first pressing plate 54a is connected with external water pressure force controller, the exhalant canal outside the second pressing plate 54b is exported and is connected to water leg by pipeline;
(5) pressure: applying extruding force being perpendicular to the direction running through crack by extruding force force application mechanism 53, the counter-force of this extruding force is provided by reaction frame 52; Simultaneously be parallel to run through crack direction, running through the side in crack by shearing force force application mechanism 54 applied thrust, the opposite side running through crack at opposite side applies counter-force by reaction frame, and then two-dimentional rock sample is sheared.
(6) water flowing: hydraulic controller is connected in the first pressing plate the import of intake tunnel 54c by pipeline. After rock sample has been sheared, hydraulic controller applies the osmotic pressure preset by the intake tunnel in the first pressing plate to the one end in two dimension rock sample crack; Simultaneously ooze out water body at the other end in two dimension rock sample crack by collecting with the exhalant canal 54d in the second pressing plate and the pipeline that is connected and be directed into water leg;
(7) data acquisition: by the normal force and the shearing force that put on rock panel in two LOAD CELLSs acquisition test process respectively, the water pressure of end is infiltrated in water pressure sensor collection, and effusion meter is for gathering the water body volume oozed out along rock panel crack.
Test proves that, the present embodiment two dimension rock sample shear-seepage coupling test device can realize the loading to two dimension rock sample smoothly, and carries out shearing seepage flow coupling measurement, has stronger practicality.
So far, already in connection with accompanying drawing, the present embodiment has been described in detail. According to above description, two dimension rock sample shear-seepage coupling test device of the present invention should have been had and clearly recognized by those skilled in the art.
It should be noted that in accompanying drawing or description text, the implementation not illustrating or describing, it is in art form known to a person of ordinary skill in the art, is not described in detail. Additionally, the above-mentioned definition to each element and method is not limited in various concrete structures, shape or the mode mentioned in embodiment, it can be carried out change simply or replace by those of ordinary skill in the art, for instance:
(1) above-mentioned lateral load maintainer can also adopt to loading to replace lateral reaction frame structure;
(2) above-mentioned seepage flow water outlet mouth can also adopt hydraulic controller directly to discharge to substitute pipeline;
(3) position etc. that the water inlet of sealing mechanism and outlet are arranged, it is also possible to the position according to running through crack on two dimension rock sample is adjusted, it addition, the position running through crack is also not limited to the center of two dimension rock sample;
(4) about the structure of osmotic system and data acquisition module and connection, those skilled in the art can rationally be arranged as required, and can adopt the Related product of molding on market;
(5) demonstration of the parameter comprising particular value can be provided herein, but these parameters are without being definitely worth equal to corresponding, but analog value can be similar in acceptable error margin or design constraint;
(6) the direction term mentioned in embodiment, for instance " on ", D score, "front", "rear", "left", "right" etc., be only the direction with reference to accompanying drawing, be not used for limiting the scope of the invention.
In sum, the present invention provides a kind of shear-seepage coupling test device being specifically designed for two dimension rock sample, it can the test of mechanism characteristic under stress field and water flow field combined effect of simulation rock sample, it is simultaneously suitable for rock fracture failure mechanism experimental study under stress field and water flow field combined effect, there is stronger practical value.
Particular embodiments described above; the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect have been further described; it is it should be understood that; the foregoing is only specific embodiments of the invention; it is not limited to the present invention; all within the spirit and principles in the present invention, any amendment of making, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a two-dimentional rock sample shear-seepage coupling test device, it is characterised in that have on described two dimension rock sample and run through crack;
This two dimension rock sample shear-seepage coupling test device includes:
Underframe (10), is divided into sample introduction region and test zone above it, have slide rail between this sample introduction region and test zone;
Sealing mechanism (20), is used for sealing two dimension rock sample, and it is offering water inlet (23a) and outlet (23b) respectively along the both sides running through crack;
Rock sample base (30), it can on described slide rail slidably, be used for by sample introduction region, the two-dimentional rock sample of horizontal positioned is transported to test zone;
Longitudinal load maintainer, is fixed on the top of the test zone of described underframe (10), and it is liftable structure generally;
Lateral load maintainer, is fixed on the top of the test zone of described underframe (10), and it is liftable structure generally, and staggers with described longitudinal load maintainer;
Wherein, when transporting two dimension rock sample, described longitudinal load maintainer and lateral load maintainer rise; After two dimension rock sample is transported to test zone, described longitudinal load maintainer and lateral load maintainer fall, and respectively the two-dimentional rock sample being transported to test zone are applied longitudinally and laterally power.
2. two dimension rock sample shear-seepage coupling test device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described two dimension rock sample is square, and described sealing mechanism (20) including:
Two longitudinal sealing pads (21,22), lay respectively at the upper and lower of two dimension rock sample, it is achieved the sealing on the upper and lower surface of two dimension rock sample;
Lateral seal ring (23), in " returning " font, two dimension rock sample is surrounded by it from surrounding, it is achieved the sealing of two dimension four sides of rock sample;
Wherein, described lateral seal ring (23) along the both sides running through crack, water inlet (23a) and outlet (23b) are had.
3. two dimension rock sample shear-seepage coupling test device according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:
Described longitudinal sealing pad (21,22) is prepared by transparent PVC material;
Described lateral seal ring (23) is prepared by Shooting Technique by polyurethane material.
4. two dimension rock sample shear-seepage coupling test device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described longitudinal load maintainer (40) includes
It is fixed on four root posts (41) above underframe test zone;
It is fixed on the motor mounting plate (42) at described four root post tops;
It is fixed on above described motor mounting plate, and at least one the first longitudinal lifting motor (43) extending downwardly from output threaded rod; And
The upper load plate (44a) fixing including relative position and the double-deck loading frame (44) of lower load plate (44b), the lower surface of described lower load plate (44b) is fixed with armorplate glass (45);
Wherein, four corner locations of upper load plate (44a) offer sliding eye, four root posts four sliding eyes of traverse, there is provided spacing to sliding up and down of load plate on this (44a), upper load plate (44a) offers screwed hole at the correspondence position of the output threaded rod of described at least one first longitudinal lifting motor, the output threaded rod of described at least one first longitudinal lifting motor is screwed in the screwed hole of correspondence, in described at least one first longitudinal powered situation of lifting motor, four output threaded rods promote double-deck loading frame slide downward, the two-dimentional rock sample of lower section is pushed down by described armorplate glass (45).
5. two dimension rock sample shear-seepage coupling test device according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described lateral load maintainer (50) including:
At least two second longitudinal lifting motors (51), are fixed on underframe (10) bottom it;
Reaction frame (13), the top of at least two the second lifting motor (51) output shafts described in being fixed on;
Wherein, reaction frame (52) has screwed hole in the position of these at least two second longitudinal lifting motor output threaded rods, the upper corresponding screwed hole of output threaded rod traverse reaction frame (52) of these at least two second longitudinal lifting motors, in these at least two second longitudinal powered situations of lifting motor, its output threaded rod promotes described reaction frame (13) to rise or declines, under decline state, this reaction frame (13) will be located in the two-dimentional rock sample of test zone and is embedded in wherein.
6. two dimension rock sample shear-seepage coupling test device according to claim 5, it is characterised in that described lateral load maintainer (50) also includes:
Extruding force force application mechanism (53), it is installed on described reaction frame (52) and is perpendicular to the side running through crack, it applies the extruding force of horizontal direction to two dimension rock sample, the counter-force of this extruding force is provided by the opposite side that reaction frame is relative, thus two dimension rock sample is extruded; And
Shearing force force application mechanism (54), it is installed on reaction frame and is parallel to the side running through crack, it is positioned at, to two dimension rock sample, the applied thrust running through side, crack part by first pressing plate (54a) of head, two dimension rock sample is run through crack opposite side part provided by the second pressing plate (54b) being fixed on the relative another side of reaction frame, thus two dimension rock sample is sheared.
7. two dimension rock sample shear-seepage coupling test device according to claim 6, it is characterised in that:
In first pressing plate (54a) of shearing force force application mechanism head, there is the intake tunnel (54c) of " Z " word shape, outside at this first pressing plate (54a), the import of intake tunnel (54c) has been staggered shearing force force application mechanism, and in the inner side of this first pressing plate (54a), the water inlet (23a) of the outlet alignment lateral seal ring side of intake tunnel (54c);
The exhalant canal (54d) of " Z " word shape is offered in the second pressing plate (54b) being fixed on the relative another side of reaction frame, inner side at this second pressing plate (54b), the outlet (23b) of the import alignment lateral seal ring side of exhalant canal (54d), and in the outside of this second pressing plate (54b), the outlet of exhalant canal (54d) has been staggered and has been had the part of shear force between reaction frame and two dimension rock sample.
8. two dimension rock sample shear-seepage coupling test device according to claim 7, it is characterised in that also include:
Osmotic system, for the osmotic pressure applying to the one end running through crack of the two-dimentional rock sample being sealed in described sealing mechanism to preset by water inlet; ; And
Data acquisition module, for being acquired two dimension rock sample seepage parameters under pressurized condition.
9. two dimension rock sample shear-seepage coupling test device according to claim 8, it is characterised in that:
Described osmotic system includes:
Water supply compression system, including: hydraulic controller, this hydraulic controller is connected to the import of the intake tunnel outside the first pressing plate (54c) by pipeline;
Wherein, after two dimension rock sample has been sheared, hydraulic controller applies the osmotic pressure preset by intake tunnel (54c) to one end running through crack of two dimension rock sample, and the water body that the other end running through crack of two dimension rock sample oozes out is discharged by exhalant canal in the second pressing plate;
Described data acquisition module includes:
Two LOAD CELLSs, one is installed between extruding force force application mechanism (53) and the pressing plate in its front; Another is installed between first pressing plate (54a) in shearing force force application mechanism (54) and its front; Both are respectively used in experiment with measuring process to put on extruding force and the shearing force of two dimension rock sample;
Water pressure sensor, is installed on the outside of the water inlet (23a) of the lateral seal ring of sealing mechanism, for infiltrating the Infiltration water pressure held in experiment with measuring process;
Effusion meter, is installed on the outside of the outlet (23b) of the lateral seal ring of sealing mechanism, for oozing out the flow of current in experiment with measuring process along shear crack.
10. two dimension rock sample shear-seepage coupling test device according to any one of claim 1 to 9, it is characterised in that there are above described underframe two sample introduction regions;
The top of described underframe (10) is provided with non-interference two slide rail (11,12) in two perpendicular direction, and the starting point respectively said two sample introduction region of these two slide rails (11,12), terminal is test zone.
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| CN106153442A (en) * | 2016-08-09 | 2016-11-23 | 绍兴文理学院 | Sealing device for the test of rock fracture multi-scenarios method effect down cut |
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| CN108152195A (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2018-06-12 | 绍兴文理学院 | A kind of In Frictional Sliding of Rocks experimental rig |
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| CN110687274B (en) * | 2019-11-18 | 2022-01-11 | 河南工程学院 | Rock shearing-seepage testing machine and testing method thereof |
| CN111089826A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-05-01 | 河海大学 | Contact surface large-deformation shear seepage test device and use method |
| CN112284931A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-01-29 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Multidirectional rock reciprocating shearing-temperature coupling and acoustic testing method |
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