CN207937287U - The testing machine that claystone shear crack infiltration coefficient develops is measured using steady state method - Google Patents
The testing machine that claystone shear crack infiltration coefficient develops is measured using steady state method Download PDFInfo
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- CN207937287U CN207937287U CN201820420567.8U CN201820420567U CN207937287U CN 207937287 U CN207937287 U CN 207937287U CN 201820420567 U CN201820420567 U CN 201820420567U CN 207937287 U CN207937287 U CN 207937287U
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- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 230000037361 pathway Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005325 percolation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009738 saturating Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N h2o hydrate Chemical compound O.O JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model is related to measure the testing machine that claystone shear crack infiltration coefficient develops, including shear box and hydraulic pressure servo-loader, hydraulic pressure sensor and LVDT displacement sensors using steady state method；Claystone sample is the flattened cylindrical bodily form structure of 1~2cm thickness, hydraulic pressure servo-loader is connected to the top of claystone sample by pipeline, and it provides pore water for claystone sample and applies pore water pressure, the lower section of claystone sample is connected to air by pipeline, and the shear direction of claystone sample is parallel with permeation pathway of the pore water in claystone sample.While applying shear displacemant, apply pore water pressure above the claystone sample of the flattened cylindrical bodily form structure of 1~2cm thickness, the lower section of claystone sample is connected to air by pipeline, constant head difference thus can be formed in the claystone sample upper and lower sheared, to generate stable percolation, and then the infiltration coefficient that steady state method accurately measures the claystone of hypotonicity may be used.
Description
Technical field
The utility model is related to geotechnical engineering testing equipments, and in particular to a kind of to measure claystone shear fracture using steady state method
The testing machine that gap infiltration coefficient develops.
Background technology
Claystone is a kind of material character soft rock between rock and soil, often has certain plasticity, and infiltration coefficient is low,
Internal crack then generally can be slowly closed under hydration.Just because of such characteristic, claystone (including bentonite
Block) it is commonly used for impervious material, it is even more to be often used as the high parent rock and padded coaming for putting nuke rubbish storage cavern all over the world.Shearing
Crack is the common crack form in claystone underground chamber, therefore the infiltration coefficient evolution in shear history of research claystone is
One important topic.
The current rock-soil material permeable sandstone in failure by shear that measures is mainly to be tried using three axis of seepage-pipe coupling model
The machine of testing is tested：It is straight by the top and bottom in cylindrical sample during sample triaxial machining (or triaxial compressions)
It connects and applies differential water pressures to measure infiltration coefficient.This method is more suited to the relatively large rock soil medium of permeability such as sandstone etc.,
And it is very low for this permeability of claystone, and there is the rock mass of stronger self-closing characteristic in crack, if being prepared into common three
Axis sample can not use steady state method to measure infiltration coefficient since permeation pathway is longer, and can only be measured using impulse method.Pulse
The error of the infiltration coefficient that method measurement obtains itself is larger, therefore this method is not typically available regular preferable experiment knot
Fruit.And the shear crack of triaxial machining is frequently not that up and down, this results in the infiltration coefficient measured much smaller than practical
Value.If claystone sample is prepared into flattened cylindrical, triaxial machining can not be carried out, test objective is equally unable to reach.
What in January, 2012 published《Engineering Geology》The 47-58 pages of volume 124 describes a kind of can measure
The seepage-pipe coupling model hollow cylinder triaxial apparatus of the infiltration coefficient of claystone shear crack, passes through during triaxial compressions
Water pressure and flow are measured respectively in the interior outside of hollow cylinder sample, can calculate claystone sample in shear history
Infiltrative changing rule.The wall thickness of hollow sample is smaller, and steady state method may be used and measure infiltration coefficient, the data of measurement compare
Accurately, it can preferably reflect the infiltration coefficient variation in claystone shear history.But this method test instrument is complicated, and
The top, bottom of hollow cylinder are required to seal during experiment, and sample inside and outside wall is both needed to package rubber membrane and installs sensor,
Difficulty is big, time-consuming.In addition the difficulty of the processing of hollow cylinder sample of claystone itself is also larger.In addition, shear crack
Position is also more difficult to control.
What in January, 2014 published《Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering》The 1st phase the 87th-of volume 47
Page 99 describe the method for using the sample of prefabricated crack to be tested the infiltration coefficient to measure claystone shear crack, due to
The permeability of claystone is relatively low, and sample uses the circular disc test specimen of thickness smaller (1cm~2cm).It can only survey in this way
The permeability and crack self-closing under the action of water, the characteristic that permeability continuously decreases for obtaining the crack of claystone cannot be surveyed
Infiltrative evolution in shear history, and be lost in may also can be to test result for the landwaste on the fissure-plane of shear fracture in advance
Accuracy impacts.
Utility model content
It is oozed using steady state method measurement claystone shear crack the technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a kind of
The testing machine that saturating coefficient develops, may be implemented that better simply experimental assembly is used to shear with higher precision measure claystone
The rule that infiltration coefficient develops in journey.
The technical solution that the utility model solves above-mentioned technical problem is as follows：Claystone shear crack is measured using steady state method
The testing machine that infiltration coefficient develops includes being passed for the shear box and hydraulic pressure servo-loader of punching claystone sample, hydraulic pressure
Sensor and LVDT displacement sensors；The claystone sample is placed in the shear box, and the claystone sample be 1~
The flattened cylindrical bodily form structure of 2cm thickness, the shear box make the claystone sample generation cut by hydraulic drive piston movement
It cuts；The hydraulic pressure servo-loader is connected to the top of the claystone sample in the shear box by pipeline, and is institute
It states claystone sample pore water is provided and applies pore water pressure, the lower section of the claystone sample is connected to greatly by pipeline
Gas, the shear box are flat to the shear direction and permeation pathway of the pore water in the claystone sample of the claystone sample
Row；The hydraulic pressure sensor includes pore water hydraulic pressure sensor and piston cylinder hydraulic pressure sensor, the pore water hydraulic pressure sensor
It is connected to mounted on the hydraulic pressure servo-loader on the pipeline of the top of the claystone sample, the piston cylinder hydraulic pressure sensing
The shear pressure that device is used to measure the shear box to the claystone sample；The LVDT displacement sensors are mounted on described cut
It cuts on box, and the shear displacemant for measuring the shear box to the claystone sample.
The utility model has the beneficial effects that：Claystone shear crack is measured in a kind of use steady state method of the utility model to ooze
In the testing machine that saturating coefficient develops, claystone sample is processed into the flattened cylindrical bodily form structure of 1~2cm thickness, is sheared applying
While displacement, applying pore water pressure above claystone sample, the lower section of claystone sample is connected to air by pipeline, this
Sample can form constant head difference in the claystone sample upper and lower by punching, to generate stable percolation, and then can adopt
The infiltration coefficient of the claystone of hypotonicity is accurately measured with steady state method；Due to by the way of punching to claystone sample into
Row shearing, then it is controllable to the shear displacemant of claystone sample；Since shear box is to the shear direction and pore water of claystone sample
Permeation pathway in claystone sample is parallel, then can accurately assess shadow of the shear crack to claystone sample infiltration coefficient
It rings, by measuring the infiltration coefficient of claystone sample respectively under different shear displacemants, can obtain shear-deformable oozing sample
The affecting laws of saturating coefficient；Meanwhile by reading LVDT displacement sensors and piston cylinder hydraulic pressure sensor in shear history
Reading, can be calculated shear stress-strain stress relation of claystone sample；In addition, after shear crack is formed, control is glutinous
The shear displacemant of native rock sample is kept constant, and makes the gradual self-closing in the crack of claystone sample, is measured it in different times and is oozed
Saturating coefficient, can obtain claystone sample it is self-closing during infiltration coefficient Evolution.
Based on the above technical solution, the utility model can also do following improvement.
Further, further include computer, controller and amplifier, the computer passes through the controller and the hydraulic pressure
Servo-loader is connected, and the LVDT displacement sensors are connected by the amplifier with the computer, the pore water water
Pressure sensor and piston cylinder hydraulic pressure sensor are also connected with the controller.
Advantageous effect using above-mentioned further scheme is：Computer can both read the data such as pressure, displacement, can also
Pressure, displacement are controlled, the progress of experiment is facilitated.
Further, the shear box includes shear box head cover and shearing box base, and the shear box head cover is mounted on described
It shears on box base, the bottom of the shear box head cover is equipped with the upper piston cylinder that Open Side Down, the top of the shearing box base
Portion is equipped with the lower piston cylinder of opening upwards, and the upper piston cylinder is opposite with the position of lower piston cylinder, it is described on
Sliding is equipped with upper piston in portion's piston cylinder, is sealed between the side wall of the upper piston and the side wall of the upper piston cylinder,
Sliding is equipped with lower piston in the lower piston cylinder, between the side wall of the lower piston and the side wall of the lower piston cylinder
Sealing, the claystone sample positioned at the upper piston and lower piston between, and by the driving upper piston and
Punching is carried out to the claystone sample under the cooperation of the lower piston.
Advantageous effect using above-mentioned further scheme is：By driving upper piston and lower piston to claystone sample
Carry out the shearing of punching formula, it is ensured that the shear displacemant of claystone sample is controllable.
Further, the hydraulic pressure servo-loader is also connected with the upper piston cylinder and lower piston cylinder by pipeline respectively
Logical, the hydraulic pressure servo-loader injects hydraulic pressure by pipeline into the upper piston cylinder and lower piston cylinder, and passes through water
Pressure drives the upper piston and is sheared to the claystone sample under the cooperation of the lower piston；The piston cylinder
There are two hydraulic pressure sensor is set, two piston cylinder hydraulic pressure sensors correspond to be mounted on the hydraulic pressure servo-loader respectively with
On the pipeline that the upper piston cylinder is connected to lower piston cylinder.
Advantageous effect using above-mentioned further scheme is：The shear crack of claystone sample shape by the way of punching
At punching is realized by the movement of hydraulic drives upper piston and lower piston, and such one side shear crack is formed
On the other hand shear crack shape and direction is also ensured in the boundary condition of Shi Buhui failure tests, so as to improve examination
Test the precision of result.
Further, the shear box head cover is stretched out on the top of the upper piston, and the LVDT displacement sensors are mounted on
On the top of the upper piston, and the induction end of the LVDT displacement sensors connects with the upper surface of the shear box head cover
It touches.
Further, the claystone sample is placed in by lower porous disc in the lower piston cylinder, the upper piston
Upper porous disc is equipped in cylinder, the claystone specimen holder is mounted between the upper porous disc and lower porous disc；The upper porous disc
Include respectively round porous disc and annular porous disc with lower porous disc, the circle porous disc is located at the annular porous disc
In round hole；Round porous disc in the upper porous disc is opposite with the upper piston, and the circle in the upper porous disc
The area of porous disc is equal with the sectional area of the upper piston, and the round porous disc in the lower porous disc is lived with the lower part
Plug is opposite, and the area of the round porous disc in the lower porous disc is equal with the sectional area of the lower piston while described
The sectional area of upper piston is equal with the sectional area of the lower piston.
Advantageous effect using above-mentioned further scheme is：Porous disc is placed in the top and bottom of claystone sample, by
Punching along vertical direction is needed in sample, therefore upper and lower porous disc is divided into round porous disc all along punching edge and annular is saturating
Water plate；Clipped position will not have an impact the sealing of claystone sample in claystone sample center simultaneously；In addition, circle is not
Porous disc is consistent with upper and lower part piston cross-section, so as to avoid permeable stone to the obstruction of shearing.
Further, it is respectively equipped in the upper piston cylinder and lower piston cylinder for limiting upper piston and lower part work
Fill in displacement and threaded snap ring, the snap ring in the upper piston cylinder and lower piston cylinder correspond to respectively with it is described permeable
Plate is connected with the annular porous disc in lower porous disc, and the snap ring and corresponding upper piston cylinder, upper piston, lower piston
Sealing ring is respectively equipped between cylinder and lower piston.
Further, it is filled in the gap between the lateral edges of the claystone sample and the shearing box base inside edge
It is useful for the epoxy resin of sealing.
Advantageous effect using above-mentioned further scheme is：Epoxy resin ensures claystone sample side impervious boundary item
Part, to improve test accuracy.
Further, respectively it is equipped with filter paper between the upper porous disc and lower porous disc and the claystone sample.
Advantageous effect using above-mentioned further scheme is：It is blocked in order to avoid claystone sample landwaste is lost in
Pipeline can also pad the filter paper of homalographic between upper and lower porous disc and claystone sample.
Further, the pipeline is stainless steel capillary.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the entirety that the utility model measures the testing machine that claystone shear crack infiltration coefficient develops using steady state method
Structural schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is permeable in testing machine of the utility model using steady state method measurement claystone shear crack infiltration coefficient evolution
The configuration schematic diagram of plate.
In attached drawing, parts list represented by the reference numerals are as follows：
1, computer, 2, controller, 3, hydraulic pressure servo-loader, 3a, the first hydraulic pressure servo-loader, 3b, the second hydraulic pressure
Servo-loader, 3c third hydraulic pressure servo-loaders, 4, hydraulic pressure sensor, 4a, first piston cylinder hydraulic pressure sensor, 4b, hole
Water hydraulic pressure sensor, 4c, second piston cylinder hydraulic pressure sensor, 5, pipeline, 5a, first pipe, 5b, second pipe, 5c, third pipe
Road, 5d, the 4th pipeline, 6, LVDT displacement sensors, 7, amplifier, 8, upper piston, 9, sealing ring, 10, shear box head cover,
11, upper piston cylinder, 12, bolt, 13, snap ring, 14, annular porous disc, 15, round porous disc, 16, epoxy resin, 17, clay
Rock sample, 18, lower piston, 19, lower piston cylinder, 20, shearing box base, 21, water receiving container.
Specific implementation mode
The principles of the present invention and feature are described below in conjunction with attached drawing, example is served only for explaining this practicality
It is novel, it is not intended to limit the scope of the utility model.
As shown in Figure 1, measuring the testing machine that claystone shear crack infiltration coefficient develops, including computer using steady state method
1, controller 2, hydraulic pressure servo-loader 3, hydraulic pressure sensor 4, pipeline 5, LVDT displacement sensors 6, amplifier 7, upper piston
8, sealing ring 9, shear box head cover 10, upper piston cylinder 11, bolt 12, snap ring 13, annular porous disc 14, round porous disc 15,
Epoxy resin 16, claystone sample 17, lower piston 18, lower piston cylinder 19, shearing box base 20 and water receiving container 21.At this
In specific embodiment, the hydraulic pressure servo-loader 3 includes the first hydraulic pressure servo-loader 3a, the second hydraulic pressure servo-loader 3b
With third hydraulic pressure servo-loader 3c；Controller 2 includes the first controller 2a, second controller 2b and third controller 3c；Water
Pressure sensor 4 includes pore water hydraulic pressure sensor 4b and piston cylinder hydraulic pressure sensor, and the piston cylinder hydraulic pressure sensor includes the
One piston cylinder hydraulic pressure sensor 4a and second piston cylinder hydraulic pressure sensor 4c；Pipeline 5 include first pipe 5a, second pipe 5b,
Third pipeline 5c and the 4th pipeline 5d.
In this embodiment, the claystone sample 17 is placed in the shear box, and the shear box is for rushing
Claystone sample 17 is cut, specifically, the shear box makes the claystone sample generate shearing by hydraulic drive piston movement；
The claystone sample 17 is the flattened cylindrical bodily form structure of 1~2cm thickness, is placed on shearing box base, sticks after processing is completed
It is thickness direction that native rock sample 17, which permeates direction, since permeation pathway is shorter, steady state method may be used and accurately measure claystone examination
The infiltration coefficient of sample 17.
In this embodiment, the hydraulic pressure servo-loader 3 is connected to the claystone sample 17 by pipeline
Top is (particularly：Second hydraulic pressure servo-loader 3b is connected to the top of the claystone sample 17 by second pipe 5b,
And pore water hydraulic pressure sensor 4b is arranged on second pipe 5b), and provide pore water for the claystone sample 17；It is described glutinous
The lower section of native rock sample 17 is connected to air (particularly by pipeline 5：The lower section of the claystone sample 17 passes through the 4th pipe
Road 5d is connected to air, and the end of the 4th pipeline 5d is additionally provided with water receiving container 21, and water receiving container 21 is for collecting in claystone
The pore water of outflow is permeated in sample 17)；When the second hydraulic pressure servo-loader 3b by second pipe 5b to claystone sample 17
Top apply pore water pressure when, the upper and lower of claystone sample 17 can form constant head difference, so as to generate stable state
Seepage flow accurately measures the infiltration coefficient of the claystone sample 17 of hypotonicity so as to use steady state method.
In this embodiment, the shear box carries out shearing to the claystone sample 17 and is formed by fissure direction
It is parallel with permeation pathway of the pore water in the claystone sample 17, it can accurately assess shear crack and claystone sample is oozed
The influence of saturating coefficient.
In this embodiment, the piston cylinder hydraulic pressure sensor tries the claystone for measuring the shear box
The shear pressure of sample 17 (is specially that first piston cylinder hydraulic pressure sensor 4a and second piston cylinder hydraulic pressure sensor 4c is used to measure institute
State shear pressure of the shear box to the claystone sample 17).The LVDT displacement sensors 6 are mounted on the shear box,
And the shear displacemant for measuring the shear box to the claystone sample 17, in this embodiment, LVDT displacements pass
Sensor 6 is specially LVDT sensors.
In this embodiment, the first hydraulic pressure servo-loader 3a is connected to computer by the first controller 2a, the
Two hydraulic pressure servo-loader 3b are connected to computer by second controller 2b, and third hydraulic pressure servo-loader 3c passes through third control
Device 2c processed is connected to computer；First piston cylinder hydraulic pressure sensor 4a is connected with the first controller 2a, pore water hydraulic pressure sensor
4b is connected with second controller 2b, and second piston cylinder hydraulic pressure sensor 4c is connected with third controller 2c；The LVDT displacements pass
Sensor 6 is connected by the amplifier 7 with the computer 1.
In this embodiment, the shear box includes shear box head cover 10 and shearing box base 20, the shear box
Head cover 10 is mounted on the shearing box base 20, specifically shear box head cover 10 can be fixed on shear box by bolt 12
On pedestal 20；The bottom of the shear box head cover 10 is equipped with the upper piston cylinder 11 that Open Side Down, the shearing box base 20
Top is equipped with the lower piston cylinder 19 of opening upwards, and the position phase of the upper piston cylinder 11 and the lower piston cylinder 19
It is right；Sliding is equipped with upper piston 8, the side wall of the upper piston 8 and the upper piston cylinder 10 in the upper piston cylinder 11
Side wall between seal；Sliding is equipped with lower piston 18, the side wall of the lower piston 18 and institute in the lower piston cylinder 19
It states and seals between the side wall of lower piston cylinder 19；The claystone sample 17 be located at the upper piston 8 and lower piston 18 it
Between, and by driving the upper piston 8 and being rushed to the claystone sample 17 under the cooperation of the lower piston 18
Scissors are sheared.
In this embodiment, the hydraulic pressure servo-loader 3 also by pipeline 5 respectively with the upper piston cylinder 11
It is connected to (particularly with lower piston cylinder 19：First hydraulic pressure servo-loader 3a passes through first pipe 5a and upper piston cylinder 11
Connection, third hydraulic pressure servo-loader 3c are connected to by third pipeline 5c with lower piston cylinder 19, and first piston cylinder hydraulic pressure passes
Sensor 4a is arranged on first pipe 5a, and second piston cylinder hydraulic pressure sensor 4c is arranged on third pipeline 5c), the hydraulic pressure is watched
It takes loader 3 (the first hydraulic pressure servo-loader 3a and third hydraulic pressure servo-loader 3c) and passes through (the first pipe 5a and of pipeline 5
Three pipeline 5c) into the upper piston cylinder 11 and lower piston cylinder 19 hydraulic pressure is injected, and lived by top described in hydraulic drives
Plug 8 simultaneously carries out punching formula shearing under the cooperation of the lower piston 18 to the claystone sample 17.
In this embodiment, the shear box head cover 10, the LVDT displacements are stretched out in the top of the upper piston 8
Sensor 6 is mounted on the top of the upper piston 8, and the induction end of the LVDT displacement sensors 6 and the shear box
The upper surface of head cover 10 is in contact.
In this embodiment, the claystone sample 17 is placed in the lower piston cylinder 19 by lower porous disc
In, upper porous disc is equipped in the upper piston cylinder 11, it is permeable under that the claystone sample 17 is installed in the upper porous disc
Between plate；As shown in Fig. 2, the upper porous disc and lower porous disc (having permeable stone material to constitute) include respectively round permeable
Plate 15 and annular porous disc 14, the circle porous disc 15 are located in the round hole of the annular porous disc 14；It is described permeable
Round porous disc 15 in plate is opposite with the upper piston 8, and the area of the round porous disc 15 in the upper porous disc with
The sectional area of the upper piston 8 is equal, and the round porous disc 15 in the lower porous disc is opposite with the lower piston 18, and
The area of round porous disc 15 in the lower porous disc is equal with the sectional area of the lower piston 18, while the top is lived
The sectional area of plug 8 is equal with the sectional area of the lower piston 18；It is upper during being sheared to claystone sample 17
Round porous disc 15 in water plate is moved with upper piston 8；(the first hydraulic pressure servo-loader 3a of the hydraulic pressure servo-loader 3
With third hydraulic pressure servo-loader 3c) by pipeline 5 (first pipe 5a and third pipeline 5c) to top piston cylinder 11 and lower part
Water filling in piston cylinder 19, to provide upper piston 8 and lower piston 18 movable pressure, upper piston 8, which moves down, to be made to stick
Native rock sample 17 generates downward shearing, and lower piston 18 then provides upward counter-force, makes the round porous disc in lower porous disc
15 are close to the bottom of claystone sample 17.
In this embodiment, respectively it is equipped with threaded card in the upper piston cylinder 11 and lower piston cylinder 19
Ring 13, snap ring 13 in the upper piston cylinder 11 and lower piston cylinder 19 are corresponding with the upper porous disc and lower porous disc respectively
In annular porous disc 14 connect, and the snap ring 13 and corresponding upper piston cylinder 11, upper piston 8, lower piston cylinder 19
Sealing ring 9 is respectively equipped between lower piston 18.It is also set between the side wall and the side wall of shear box head cover 10 of upper piston 8
There is sealing ring 9.
In this embodiment, the seam between the lateral edge of the claystone sample 17 and the lower piston cylinder 19
It is filled with epoxy resin 16 in gap, sealing ring 9 also is provided between epoxy resin 16 and lower piston cylinder 19.
In this specific embodiment or other embodiment, the upper porous disc and lower porous disc and the claystone sample 17
Between be respectively equipped with filter paper.The pipeline 5 is stainless steel capillary.
It is as follows that test procedure is carried out using the utility model testing machine：
Step 1：Claystone sample 17 is processed as to the flattened cylindrical bodily form structure of 1~2cm thickness, is installed to shearing box base
On 20, and gap on the outside of sample is sealed using epoxy resin 16；
Step 2：Pass through hydraulic pressure servo-loader 3 (the first hydraulic pressure servo-loader 3a and third hydraulic pressure servo-loader 3c)
Water is injected into top piston cylinder 11 and lower piston cylinder 19, so that 17 top lower section of claystone sample is each to apply about 20kPa pressures
Power, so that upper piston 8 and lower piston 18 are fitted closely with the round porous disc 15 in upper and lower porous disc respectively；
Step 3：The position for controlling upper piston 8 and lower piston 18 is constant, passes through (the second water of hydraulic pressure servo-loader 3
Press servo-loader 3b) pore water pressure is applied to 17 top of claystone sample, it can be in the top and bottom shape of claystone sample 17
At head difference, water penetrates into bottom by claystone sample 17 from top, and is flowed into water receiving by pipeline (the 4th pipeline 5d)
In container 21, measuring pore water pressure by pore water hydraulic pressure sensor 4b can calculate when seepage state reaches stable state
To the infiltration coefficient of claystone sample 17；
Step 4：The head of 17 top of claystone sample is down to atmospheric pressure, waits for that pore pressure dissipation about after twenty minutes, passes through
Hydraulic pressure servo-loader 3 (the first hydraulic pressure servo-loader 3a and third hydraulic pressure servo-loader 3c) is to top piston cylinder 11 under
Water is injected in portion's piston cylinder 19, to drive upper and lower part piston to the pressure of 20kPa, keeps the upper and lower pressure of claystone sample 17 flat
Then weighing apparatus keeps lower piston pressure constant so that lower porous disc is close to claystone sample, passes through hydraulic pressure servo-loader 3
(the first hydraulic pressure servo-loader 3a) injects water into top piston cylinder 11, and driving upper piston moves down the examination of punching claystone
Sample 17, forming circular shear crack at 17 middle part of claystone sample, (clipped position, will not be to glutinous in 17 center of claystone sample
The sealing of native rock sample has an impact, and the position of shear crack, perimeter, width are controllable), while passing through LVDT displacement sensors
6 and piston cylinder hydraulic pressure sensor (first piston cylinder hydraulic pressure sensor 4a) measure shear displacemant and upper piston pressure；
Step 5：In upper piston punching to when different displacements, control upper piston position is constant, repeats step 3, surveys
The evolution of the infiltration coefficient for the different phase claystone sample 17 that must be sheared.
Step 6：In upper piston punching to when a certain displacement, control shear displacemant is kept constant, and makes claystone sample 17
The gradual self-closing in crack, different time repeat step 3, measure shearing after claystone sample 17 crack self-closing during
The evolution of infiltration coefficient.
In the present invention, pore water pressure is applied to 17 top of claystone sample by hydraulic pressure servo-loader 3, it can
To form head difference in the top and bottom of claystone sample 17, water penetrates into bottom by claystone test block 17 from top, and passes through
Pipeline is flowed into water receiving container 21, and pore water pressure is measured by hydraulic pressure sensor, when seepage state reaches stable state,
Infiltration coefficient can be calculated to obtain；Drive the movement of upper piston 8 and lower piston 18 can be with punching by hydraulic pressure servo-loader 3
Claystone sample 17 forms the shear crack of annular at 17 middle part of claystone sample, and shearing force passes through piston cylinder hydraulic pressure sensor
It converts after measuring, shear displacemant can pass through LVDT displacement sensors；In punching to when different displacements, in stopping
Portion's piston movement, control is uniquely kept constant, and applies the pore water pressure at the top of claystone sample, measures the not same order of shearing
The evolution of the infiltration coefficient of section claystone sample.When clipping to a certain displacement, piston displacement can be controlled and kept constant, and put
A period of time is set, crack gradual self-closing under hydration of claystone sample is made, in different times to applying claystone
Pore water pressure at the top of sample measures the evolution of the infiltration coefficient in claystone crack self-closing engineering.
Calculation Method in Penetrating Coefficient is as follows:
Wherein, Q is the water by sample in the unit time；L is sample thickness (m)；γwFor the unit weight (kN/m3) of water；
ΔpwFor the pressure difference of sample upper and lower ends, A is the cross-sectional area (m2) of sample.
Read the reading of LVDT displacement sensors and piston cylinder hydraulic pressure sensor in shear history in real time by computer,
It can also obtain shear stress-strain stress relation of claystone sample.Wherein shear stress is：
Wherein, Δ P is the difference of sample upper and lower ends axial compressive force；D is the diameter of shear crack.
Shear strain is：
Wherein, Δ u is sample piston displacement.
The testing machine that claystone shear crack infiltration coefficient develops is measured using steady state method by the utility model, it can be complete
Site preparation measures sample and formed in shear crack to be developed with infiltration coefficient during self-closing；Oozing for rock mass is measured using steady state method
Saturating coefficient, precision are higher；Sample preparation is simple, efficient, and success rate is higher；Answering for the shearing of sample can be measured simultaneously
Power-strain stress relation.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to limit the utility model, all in this practicality
Within novel spirit and principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should be included in the guarantor of the utility model
Within the scope of shield.
Claims (10)
1. measuring the testing machine that claystone shear crack infiltration coefficient develops using steady state method, it is characterised in that：Including being used to rush
Cut shear box and hydraulic pressure servo-loader, the hydraulic pressure sensor and LVDT displacement sensors of claystone sample；The claystone
Sample is placed in the shear box, and the flattened cylindrical bodily form structure that the claystone sample is 1~2cm thickness, the shearing
Box makes the claystone sample generate shearing by hydraulic drive piston movement；The hydraulic pressure servo-loader is connected to by pipeline
To the top for the claystone sample being located in the shear box, and provides pore water for the claystone sample and apply pore water
The lower section of pressure, the claystone sample is connected to air, shearing of the shear box to the claystone sample by pipeline
Direction is parallel with permeation pathway of the pore water in the claystone sample；The hydraulic pressure sensor includes pore water hydraulic pressure sensing
Device and piston cylinder hydraulic pressure sensor, the pore water hydraulic pressure sensor are connected to described glutinous mounted on the hydraulic pressure servo-loader
On the pipeline of the top of native rock sample, the piston cylinder hydraulic pressure sensor is for measuring the shear box to the claystone sample
Shear pressure；The LVDT displacement sensors are mounted on the shear box, and for measuring the shear box to described glutinous
The shear displacemant of native rock sample.
2. according to claim 1 measure the testing machine that claystone shear crack infiltration coefficient develops using steady state method,
It is characterized in that：Further include computer, controller and amplifier, the computer is added by the controller and the hydraulic pressure servo
It carries device to be connected, the LVDT displacement sensors are connected by the amplifier with the computer, the pore water hydraulic pressure sensing
Device and piston cylinder hydraulic pressure sensor are also connected with the controller.
3. according to claim 1 or 2 measure the testing machine that claystone shear crack infiltration coefficient develops using steady state method,
It is characterized in that：The shear box includes shear box head cover and shearing box base, and the shear box head cover is mounted on the shearing
On box base, the bottom of the shear box head cover is equipped with the upper piston cylinder that Open Side Down, is set at the top of the shearing box base
There is the lower piston cylinder of opening upwards, and the upper piston cylinder is opposite with the position of lower piston cylinder, the top is lived
Sliding is equipped with upper piston in plug cylinder, is sealed between the side wall of the upper piston and the side wall of the upper piston cylinder, described
Sliding is equipped with lower piston in lower piston cylinder, close between the side wall of the lower piston and the side wall of the lower piston cylinder
Envelope, the claystone sample is positioned at the upper piston and lower piston between, and by the driving upper piston and in institute
It states and punching is carried out to the claystone sample under the cooperation of lower piston.
4. according to claim 3 measure the testing machine that claystone shear crack infiltration coefficient develops using steady state method,
It is characterized in that：The hydraulic pressure servo-loader is also connected to the upper piston cylinder and lower piston cylinder by pipeline respectively, institute
It states hydraulic pressure servo-loader and hydraulic pressure is injected into the upper piston cylinder and lower piston cylinder by pipeline, and pass through hydraulic drives
The upper piston simultaneously shears the claystone sample under the cooperation of the lower piston；The piston cylinder hydraulic pressure passes
There are two sensor is set, two piston cylinder hydraulic pressure sensors correspond to be mounted on the hydraulic pressure servo-loader respectively with it is described on
On the pipeline that portion's piston cylinder is connected to lower piston cylinder.
5. according to claim 3 measure the testing machine that claystone shear crack infiltration coefficient develops using steady state method,
It is characterized in that：The shear box head cover is stretched out on the top of the upper piston, and the LVDT displacement sensors are mounted on described
On the top of portion's piston, and the induction end of the LVDT displacement sensors is in contact with the upper surface of the shear box head cover.
6. according to claim 3 measure the testing machine that claystone shear crack infiltration coefficient develops using steady state method,
It is characterized in that：The claystone sample is placed in by lower porous disc in the lower piston cylinder, is set in the upper piston cylinder
There are upper porous disc, the claystone specimen holder to be mounted between the upper porous disc and lower porous disc；The upper porous disc and lower
Water plate includes respectively round porous disc and annular porous disc, and the circle porous disc is located at the round hole of the annular porous disc
It is interior；Round porous disc in the upper porous disc is opposite with the upper piston, and the round porous disc in the upper porous disc
Area it is equal with the sectional area of the upper piston, the round porous disc in the lower porous disc and the lower piston phase
It is right, and the area of the round porous disc in the lower porous disc is equal with the sectional area of the lower piston, while the top
The sectional area of piston is equal with the sectional area of the lower piston.
7. according to claim 6 measure the testing machine that claystone shear crack infiltration coefficient develops using steady state method,
It is characterized in that：It is respectively equipped with for limiting upper piston and lower piston displacement in the upper piston cylinder and lower piston cylinder
And threaded snap ring, snap ring in the upper piston cylinder and lower piston cylinder respectively it is corresponding with the upper porous disc and under
Annular porous disc connection in porous disc, and the snap ring and corresponding upper piston cylinder, upper piston, lower piston cylinder and under
Sealing ring is respectively equipped between portion's piston.
8. the testing machine that claystone shear crack infiltration coefficient develops is measured using steady state method described according to claim 6 or 7,
It is characterized in that：It is filled in gap between the lateral edges of the claystone sample and the shearing box base inside edge useful
In the epoxy resin of sealing.
9. the testing machine that claystone shear crack infiltration coefficient develops is measured using steady state method described according to claim 6 or 7,
It is characterized in that：It is respectively equipped with filter paper between the upper porous disc and lower porous disc and the claystone sample.
10. measuring the evolution of claystone shear crack infiltration coefficient using steady state method according to any one of claim 4 to 7
Testing machine, it is characterised in that：The pipeline is stainless steel capillary.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108333060A (en) * | 2018-03-27 | 2018-07-27 | 武汉市政工程设计研究院有限责任公司 | The testing machine that claystone shear crack infiltration coefficient develops is measured using steady state method |
| CN109187312A (en) * | 2018-10-29 | 2019-01-11 | 重庆大学 | A kind of Novel pole cuts pervasion test device and its test method |
| US11755794B1 (en) | 2022-08-29 | 2023-09-12 | Jianghan University | Soil-rock fault simulation device |
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2018
- 2018-03-27 CN CN201820420567.8U patent/CN207937287U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108333060A (en) * | 2018-03-27 | 2018-07-27 | 武汉市政工程设计研究院有限责任公司 | The testing machine that claystone shear crack infiltration coefficient develops is measured using steady state method |
| CN108333060B (en) * | 2018-03-27 | 2024-03-26 | 武汉市政工程设计研究院有限责任公司 | Testing machine for measuring clay rock shear fracture permeability coefficient evolution by adopting steady-state method |
| CN109187312A (en) * | 2018-10-29 | 2019-01-11 | 重庆大学 | A kind of Novel pole cuts pervasion test device and its test method |
| CN109187312B (en) * | 2018-10-29 | 2019-09-17 | 重庆大学 | A kind of column cuts pervasion test device and its test method |
| US11755794B1 (en) | 2022-08-29 | 2023-09-12 | Jianghan University | Soil-rock fault simulation device |
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