CN105606461B - Liftable loading mechanism and the shear-seepage coupling test device for applying it - Google Patents
Liftable loading mechanism and the shear-seepage coupling test device for applying it Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 title abstract description 35
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- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 34
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/24—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady shearing forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/082—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample
- G01N15/0826—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample and measuring fluid flow rate, i.e. permeation rate or pressure change
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of liftable loading mechanism and using its shear-seepage coupling test device.The liftable loading mechanism includes: chassis, and top has test zone；Longitudinal loading mechanism is fixed on the top of the test zone of chassis, generally liftable structure；Lateral loading mechanism is fixed on the top of the test zone of chassis, generally liftable structure, and is staggered with longitudinal loading mechanism；When transporting two-dimentional rock sample, longitudinal loading mechanism and lateral loading mechanism are risen；After two-dimentional rock sample is transported to test zone, longitudinal loading mechanism and lateral loading mechanism are fallen, and apply longitudinally and laterally power to the two-dimentional rock sample for being transported to test zone respectively.The present invention is by setting liftable for longitudinal loading mechanism and lateral loading mechanism, and when transporting two-dimentional rock sample, the two is risen；In test, the two is put down, to realize simple, efficient 2-d rock sample load.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to geotechnical engineering measuring instrument field more particularly to a kind of liftable loading mechanism and cutting using it
Cut-seepage flow coupling test device.
Background technique
In recent years, with the heavy constructions such as utilize of energy extraction, nuclear waste disposal, hydraulic engineering and the underground space
A large amount of to build, rock Seepage problems are increasingly paid close attention to, in geotechnical engineerings such as mining, water conservancy and hydropower, tunnel, slope reinforcements
In, fracture seepage has an important influence the stability of rock mass engineering project.One side rock cranny leads to underground engineering water damage
The presence of one of the major reasons, another aspect crack has been greatly reduced rock mass strength.It is well known that because the compressibility of water
Very little is easy transmitting pressure, can change the stress state in rock mass containing the Fluid pressure in water voids.But the deformation of rock mass
Property and the deformation property of fluid have apparent difference, so the change of stress field caused by Fluid pressure, and flowing
The consecutive variations of fluid stress caused by groundwater dynamic property all play very important shadow to the deformation behavior of geologic body
It rings.Therefore, the failure mechanism and strength characteristics for studying crack rock will stablize Hydroelectric Engineering Geology subject and rock mass engineering project
Subject has highly important theory significance and practical engineering application value.For rock material, failure by shear is that it is main
Damage -form, therefore the research of lithosome shear-seepage coupling failure mechanism has great significance to solving the above problems.
Bibliography 1 (design and application of novel numerical control rock joint shear seepage tests platform, Wang Gang, rock-soil mechanics, 30
(10), a kind of numerical control rock joint shear seepage tests platform, major function 2009) are proposed are as follows: in joint test specimen normal direction side
Upwards, testing stand has 3 class controllable boundary conditions: constant normal stress (CNL), constant Normal Displacement (CNV) and constant normal direction are rigid
It spends (CNS).Parallel cracks shear direction can apply shearing force or displacement, osmotic pressure.It can under 3 kinds of boundaries and loading condition
Carry out joint shearing test, joint permeability test, closure stress-infiltration coupling test, shear stress-infiltration coupling test, rock
The shearing seepage flow rheological test at stone joint and the radiant flux test of rock joint.
Fig. 1 is please referred to, the system is whole by axially loaded frame, lateral loading mechanism, axially and transversely creep control system
System, seepage flow subsystem, shear box and digital control system composition.Each chief component and its working principle are introduced as follows in detail:
Axially loaded frame includes load cylinder, main machine frame, force snesor, upper lower platen etc..Host uses frame knot
Configuration formula, load cylinder inversion are fixed on upper beam, and force snesor is mounted on piston.
Lateral loading mechanism includes load cylinder, shearing loading frame, force snesor, displacement sensor etc..Shearing load
Frame is all made of high grade spheroidal graphite cast-iron using four frame combined types, oil cylinder seat and strut beam and the side plate on two sides, keeps its frame rigid
Big (5000kN/mm) is spent, stable working is reliable；Shearing loading frame is placed on guide rail, is installed when carrying out shearing test
It is pushed it in main machine frame after sample, after setting other boundary conditions, it can carry out corresponding shearing test.
Laterally and axially control system uses German DO LI company imported with original packaging EDC Full-digital servo controller, the control
Device is controller leading in the world, has multiple Measurement channels, and each Measurement channel can carry out load, displacement, deformation respectively
Deng independent control or several Measurement channels jointly control, and may be implemented to convert without impact between multiple control modes.?
A stiffness reliability channel can be set in EDC, the normal direction calculated according to the obtained normal stress of measurement and normal deformation is rigid
Angle value feeds back to EDC control output channel as control parameter, and well-established law thus may be implemented to stiffness reliability.This function exists
It cannot achieve in other controllers.The Measure Precision of EDC is high, easy to operate, defencive function is complete, may be implemented to mark automatically
It is fixed, automatic clear 0 and fault self-diagnosis.
Seepage flow subsystem includes infiltration compression system, Japanese import Panasonic's servo motor and controller, EDC controller.It adopts
Multistage controllable permanent osmotic pressure and seepage discharge control may be implemented with the system.In the water outlet of shear box, a set of liquid is set
Pressure sensor, flow measurement device and stable-pressure device, and a pressure difference control channel is set in EDC Control System Software, come
The difference of inlet pressure and outlet pressure is measured, realizes the closed-loop control of shear box import and export osmotic pressure difference.And it can be real
Existing stable state and the control of transient state osmotic pressure.
Shear box inside dimension is 200mm (water penetration direction) × 100mm (infiltration width) × 100mm (height).Seepage flow
Shear box is made of upper and lower shear box, and upper shear box is made of upper spliced body, upper seal, upper knife body cushion block；Lower shear box by
Lower spliced body, lower seal, lower knife body cushion block composition.The characteristics of sealing ring is this programme and critical component, it be by elasticity and
Liquid rubber, casting compression molding is made in the moderate polyurethane of hardness.Polyurethane rubber has not only soft but also hard, the small equal spies of friction
Point.Sealing ring be it is hollow, the liquid plastics of certain pressure will be injected after sample installs, in cavity, upper seal is being pressed
The surrounding of the sample upper half is affixed tightly under power, and the surrounding that lower seal is affixed tightly to sample lower half under stress realizes
Sealing, while the contact surface of upper seal and lower seal also receives pressure thight contact, realizes sealing.When upper and lower shearing
When box generates relative movement, the contact surface of upper seal and lower seal still maintains compression seal in slip conditions, until
Sealing ring disengages.There is an inlet opening to shear sweat to rock sample in upper knife body, another hole is gas vent；Lower knife body
In have an apopore, to be discharged penetrate into rock sample shear surface in water.
In the implementation of the present invention, it is found by the applicant that in existing shear-seepage coupling test device, normal direction load
Loading mechanism height with shearing load is to fix, and causes sample introduction process very cumbersome, laborious, seriously delays test process.
In addition, for numerical control rock joint shear seepage tests platform shown in FIG. 1, primarily directed to three-dimensional rock sample
It is designed, so it carries out normal direction load from bottom to top, carries out shearing load from right-to-left.However, three-dimensional rock cranny
Since it is complicated, hidden, internal rupture mechanism can not be disclosed really under the prior art.And the prior art is proposed
Three-dimensional fracture be not real " three-dimensional ", and the only plane of rule, essence are still two-dimentional.Therefore, to two-dimentional rock
Sample carries out experiment with more realistic meaning.And there is no the shear-seepage couplings for two-dimentional rock sample in the prior art
Test device, and numerical control rock joint shear seepage tests platform shown in FIG. 1 cannot achieve two-dimentional rock sample load and
The application of extruding force and shearing force.
Summary of the invention
(1) technical problems to be solved
In view of above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention provides a kind of liftable loading mechanism and using its shear-seepage coupling
Test device is closed, to realize the load of simple, efficient 2-d rock sample.
(2) technical solution
According to an aspect of the invention, there is provided a kind of liftable loading mechanism.The liftable loading mechanism includes: bottom
Frame 10, top have test zone；Longitudinal loading mechanism 40, is fixed on the top of the test zone of chassis 10, generally
Liftable structure；Lateral loading mechanism 50, is fixed on the top of the test zone of chassis 10, generally liftable structure, and
It is staggered with longitudinal loading mechanism；Wherein, when transporting two-dimentional rock sample, longitudinal loading mechanism and lateral loading mechanism are risen；
After two-dimentional rock sample is transported to test zone, longitudinal loading mechanism and lateral loading mechanism are fallen, respectively to being transported to
The two-dimentional rock sample of test zone applies longitudinally and laterally power.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a kind of shear-seepage coupling test device is additionally provided.The shear-seepage
Coupling test device is used for two-dimentional rock sample shear-seepage coupling test, and two-dimentional rock sample is square, and has run through thereon
Crack.The shear-seepage coupling test device includes: above-mentioned liftable loading mechanism, and 10 top of chassis also has sample introduction
Region has sliding rail between the sample introduction region and test zone；Rock sample pedestal 30, can be free to slide on the slide rail,
For the two-dimentional rock sample being horizontally arranged to be transported to test zone by sample introduction region；Sealing mechanism 20, for sealing two dimension
Rock sample is opening up water inlet 23a and water outlet 23b along the two sides through crack respectively.
(3) beneficial effect
It can be seen from the above technical proposal that liftable loading mechanism of the present invention and the shear-seepage using it are coupled and are surveyed
Trial assembly, which is set, to be had the advantages that
(1) by setting liftable for longitudinal loading mechanism and lateral loading mechanism, when transporting two-dimentional rock sample,
The two rises；In test, the two is put down, to realize simple, efficient 2-d rock sample load；
(2) guarantee its stability by placing above-mentioned rock sample plane；Pass through lateral loading mechanism and lateral reaction
The shearing realized under different normal pressures along crack is used in combination in frame；In crack one end and the other end be respectively set infiltrate and
Exudation pipeline and the seepage flow after six faces of rock sample are respectively provided with sealing and realize shearing, realize the fixed crack of single
Shear-seepage coupling test
(3) it is designed specifically for two-dimentional rock sample, the load of the two-dimentional rock sample of realization that can be reliable and stable
And the application of extruding force and shearing force, fill up the sky of the shear-seepage coupling test device of domestic and international two-dimentional rock sample
It is white；
Using two-dimentional rock sample, shearing and flow event is more intuitive, mechanism is more clear changes conventional three-dimensional and tries
Test that process is not intuitive enough, mechanism is not clear enough, result is difficult to the shortcomings that accurately measuring.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of prior art numerical control rock joint shear seepage tests platform；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram according to shear-seepage coupling test device of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of longitudinal loading mechanism in shear-seepage coupling test device shown in Fig. 2；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of chassis and lateral loading mechanism in shear-seepage coupling test device shown in Fig. 2；
Fig. 5 is the stress diagram of two-dimentional rock sample in shear-seepage coupling test device shown in Fig. 2.
[main element]
A- two dimension rock sample；
A1- runs through crack；
10- chassis；
11,12- sliding rail；
20- sealing mechanism；
21,22- longitudinal sealing pad；23- lateral seal ring；
23a- water inlet；23b- water outlet；；
30- rock sample pedestal；
The longitudinal direction 40- loading mechanism；
41- column；42- motor mounting plate；
43- first longitudinal direction lifting motor；44- bilayer loading frame；
The upper load plate of 44a-；Load plate under 44b-；
45- armorplate glass；
The side 50- is to loading mechanism；
51- second longitudinal direction lifting motor；52- reaction frame；
53- extruding force force application mechanism；54- shearing force force application mechanism；
The first pressing plate of 54a-；The second pressing plate of 54b-；
54c- intake tunnel；54d- exhalant canal.
Specific embodiment
The present invention loads cumbersome, laborious problem for prior art rock sample, provides a kind of liftable load machine
Structure and the shear-seepage coupling test device for applying it, can be adapted for rock fracture in stress field and water flow field collective effect
Under failure mechanism experimental study.
It should be noted that liftable loading mechanism is as shear-seepage coupling test device in following examples
A part be illustrated.Certainly, in other embodiments of the present invention, the liftable loading mechanism can also be used alone or
Subsidiary body as other equipment.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a kind of shear-seepage coupling test device is provided.The present embodiment
In, test object is rectangular bluestone board A, size are as follows: long 500mm, wide 500mm, 10~20mm of thickness.Bluestone board center is machined with
One run through crack A1, fix through crack position, cut through by engraving machine, side surface be nature it is coarse, without polishing.
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram according to shear-seepage coupling test device of the embodiment of the present invention.Fig. 5 is to cut shown in Fig. 2
Cut-seepage flow coupling test device in two-dimentional rock sample stress diagram.As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 5, the present embodiment shearing-infiltration
Flowing coupling test device includes:
Chassis 10, top are divided into sample introduction region and test zone, have between the sample introduction region and test zone and slide
Rail (11,12)；
Sealing mechanism 20 is opening up water inlet 23a along the two sides through crack for sealing two-dimentional rock sample respectively
With water outlet 23b；
Rock sample pedestal 30, can be free to slide on the slide rail, for by the two-dimentional rock sample being horizontally arranged by into
Sample region is transported to test zone；
Longitudinal loading mechanism is fixed on the top of the test zone of chassis 10, generally liftable structure, is transporting two dimension
When rock sample, which is risen, after two-dimentional rock sample is transported to test zone, the longitudinal direction loading mechanism
It falls, longitudinal pressure is applied to the two-dimentional rock sample for being transported to test zone；
Lateral loading mechanism is fixed on the top of the test zone of chassis 10, generally liftable structure, is transporting two
When tieing up rock sample, which is risen, and after two-dimentional rock sample is transported to test zone, this laterally loads machine
Structure is fallen, and applies lateral pressure to the two-dimentional rock sample for being transported to test zone；And
Osmotic system, for one end through crack of two-dimentional rock sample to apply in advance into sealing mechanism by water inlet
If osmotic pressure；It is collected simultaneously the water oozed out by water outlet；
Data acquisition module, for seepage parameters of the two-dimentional rock sample under pressurized condition to be acquired and handled.
Each component part of the present embodiment shear-seepage coupling test device is described in detail below.
In the present embodiment, there is one to run through crack A1 in the center two-dimentional rock sample A, as shown in Figure 5.Through the position in crack
Fixation is set, is carved out before test with engraving machine.
Position, depth and the artistic carving etc. for running through crack A1 about this, can rationally be selected by those skilled in the art
It selects, it is not limited to form given by the present embodiment.
Referring to figure 2., chassis 10 is in frame-like construction.In order to facilitate staff's operation, which has certain height
Degree, and all kinds of electrical control mechanisms is installed in side.
The top of the chassis 10 is equipped with non-interference sliding rail (11,12) in two perpendicular direction, thus via phase
Two-dimentional rock sample can be transported to test zone by sample introduction region from both direction by the rock sample pedestal 30 answered, in turn
Realize the test of two different forms and content.
Due to guarantee that water is moved only along crack when test, so needing to be sealed six sides of rock sample.
Sealing mechanism 20 includes: longitudinal sealing pad 21,22, is located at the upper and lower part of two-dimentional rock sample, realizes two-dimentional rock
The sealing of Sample A upper and lower surfaces；Lateral seal ring 23 is in " returning " font, is surrounded from surrounding by two-dimentional rock sample A,
Realize the sealing of four sides of two-dimentional rock sample.In lateral seal ring 23 along the two sides for running through crack, has and be provided with water inlet
23a and water outlet 23b.
It is transparent PVC material for longitudinal sealing pad 21,22, facilitates observation two-dimentional rock sample during the test
State and infiltration situation.For lateral seal ring 23, it is polyurethane material, is made by Shooting Technique, can bears
Biggish pressure.The combination of the longitudinal sealing pad 21,22 and lateral seal ring 23, may be implemented the sealing of 2MPa water.
It can connect and be integrated between the longitudinal sealing pad (21,22) and lateral seal ring 23, be also possible to separately positioned.
As long as two-dimentional rock sample A can be surrounded.Since longitudinal loading mechanism can be longitudinally applied to pressure, and lower section chassis
Counter-force can be provided, to even if not connect between longitudinal sealing pad (21,22) and lateral seal ring 23, in the effect of pressure
Under, three also can tightly be attached onto, will not leak.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of longitudinal loading mechanism in shear-seepage coupling test device shown in Fig. 2.Referring to figure 2. and scheme
3, which includes: the four columns 41 being fixed on above chassis test zone；It is fixed at the top of four columns
Motor mounting plate 42；It is fixed on above motor mounting plate, and extends downwardly four first longitudinal directions lifting electricity of output threaded rod
Machine 43；The double-deck loading frame 44 comprising relative position fixed upper load plate 44a and lower load plate 44b.
Four corner locations of upper load plate 44a offer sliding eye, and four columns pass through four sliding eyes, add on this
Support plate slides up and down offer limit.Upper load plate 44a is in the correspondence position of the output threaded rod of four first longitudinal direction lifting motors
It sets and offers corresponding threaded hole, the output threaded rod of four first longitudinal direction lifting motors is screwed into corresponding threaded hole.It is lower to add
The lower surface of support plate 44b is fixed with armorplate glass 45.In four driven situations of first longitudinal direction lifting motor, four defeated
Threaded rod pushes the double-deck loading frame to move down out, and the two-dimentional rock sample of lower section is pushed down by armorplate glass.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of lateral chassis and lateral loading mechanism in shear-seepage coupling test device shown in Fig. 2.Please
Referring to Fig. 2 and Fig. 4, lateral loading mechanism 50 includes: three second longitudinal direction lifting motors 51, reaction frame 52, extruding force force
Mechanism 53 and shearing force force application mechanism 54.
The bottom of three second longitudinal direction lifting motors 51 is fixed on chassis 10.Wherein, two second longitudinal direction lifting motors
51 are located at the ipsilateral of extruding force force application mechanism 53, and a first from left is right；Another second longitudinal direction lifting motor is located at extruding force force machine
The opposite side of structure 53.
Reaction frame 52 is fixed on the top of three second longitudinal direction lifting motor output shafts, and with longitudinal loading mechanism
Four columns 41 are staggered.Reaction frame 52 has threaded hole in the position of three second longitudinal direction lifting motor output threaded rods.
Three second longitudinal direction lifting motor output threaded rods pass through corresponding threaded hole on reaction frame 52.In three second longitudinal direction liters
Drop in the driven situation of motor, the output threaded rods of three second longitudinal direction lifting motors push reaction frame rise or under
Drop.When reaction frame 52 is located at decline state, the two-dimentional rock sample A for being located at test zone is embedded in wherein.
It should be noted that the present embodiment uses three second longitudinal direction lifting motors 51, and in other embodiments of the invention
In, the quantity of second longitudinal direction lifting motor can also be set as needed.Under normal circumstances, two second longitudinal direction liters are at least needed
Motor is dropped, the opposite two sides of reaction frame are separately positioned on.
Fig. 5 is the stress diagram of two-dimentional rock sample in shear-seepage coupling test device shown in Fig. 2.Referring to figure 2.
And Fig. 5, extruding force force application mechanism 53 are installed on reaction frame 52 perpendicular to the side for running through crack, pass through the pressing plate on head
Applying the extruding force of horizontal direction to two-dimentional rock sample, the counter-force of the extruding force is provided by the opposite other side of reaction frame,
To squeeze two-dimentional rock sample.Shearing force force application mechanism 54 is installed on to be parallel on reaction frame on reaction frame and pass through
The side of through cracks gap is located at the application for running through one side section of crack by the first pressing plate 54a on head to two-dimentional rock sample
Thrust, to two-dimentional rock sample through crack other side part by being fixed on second pressing plate 54b of the reaction frame with respect to another side
It provides, to be sheared to two-dimentional rock sample.
By the lateral loading mechanism, the lateral load capability of the present embodiment test device is 100KN, shear displacemant ability
For 5mm.
Fig. 5, in the first pressing plate 54a on shearing force force application mechanism head, the water inlet with " Z " word shape please be referred to emphatically
Channel 54c.In the outside of first pressing plate 54a, the import of intake tunnel 54c has been staggered shearing force force application mechanism.And this
The inside of one pressing plate 54a, the water inlet 23a of the outlet alignment lateral seal ring side of intake tunnel 54c.In shearing force force machine
Between the reaction frame of structure opposite side and two-dimentional rock sample, there is the second pressing plate 54b." Z " word shape is offered in the pressing plate
Exhalant canal 54d.In the inside of second pressing plate 54b, the water outlet of the import alignment lateral seal ring side of exhalant canal 54d
23b.And in the outside of second pressing plate 54b, the outlet of exhalant canal 54d has been staggered between reaction frame and two-dimentional rock sample
Part with shear force.
Osmotic system includes: water supply compression system and return water system.Water supply compression system includes: driven by stepper motors
Hydraulic controller.Hydraulic controller passes through the import of intake tunnel 54c of the piping connection on the outside of the first pressing plate.In two-dimentional rock
After the completion of sample shear is cut, hydraulic controller is applied by intake tunnel 54c to one end through crack of two-dimentional rock sample pre-
If osmotic pressure.Return water system includes catch basin.The mouth of a river of exhalant canal 54d on the outside of second pressing plate is connected to this and catchments
Slot.It is collected in the water body that the other end through crack of two-dimentional rock sample oozes out by pipeline and is directed into catch basin.It catchments
Water body in slot can be discharged；It can also be pumped into hydraulic controller by outer water pump, to be recycled.
Data acquisition module is for seepage parameters (normal force, shearing force, the water to two-dimentional rock sample under pressurized condition
Pressure and seepage flow water volume) it is acquired comprising: two weighing sensors, a water pressure sensor and flow
Meter.Wherein, two weighing sensor ranges are 100kN.One is installed in extruding force force application mechanism 53 and the pressure in front of it
Between plate, the normal force for being applied to two-dimentional rock sample in the process is tested for measuring.Secondly being installed in shearing force force machine
Between structure 54 and pressing plate 54a, the shearing force for being applied to two-dimentional rock sample in the process is tested for measuring.Water pressure sensor amount
Journey is 2MPa, is installed in the outside of water inlet 23a, for measure infiltrate end during test infiltrate water pressure.Flowmeter
Range is 5ml/s, is installed in the outside of water outlet 23b, for measure test during along shear crack exudation water flow stream
Amount.
It should be noted that closing, first longitudinal direction lifting motor, second longitudinal direction lifting motor, extruding force are applied in this present embodiment
Force mechanisms and shearing force force application mechanism, have corresponding electric-control system to control it.And electric-control system use is equal
It is electric-control system commonly used in the art, is no longer described in detail herein.And the sensor in data acquisition module is also in the art
General sensor, those skilled in the art should be quite familiar with it, no longer be described in detail herein.
After the structure to the present embodiment shear-seepage coupling test device is described in detail, below to its work
Principle is illustrated:
(1) sample prepares: is carved on two-dimentional rock sample with engraving machine through crack；
(2) sample introduction: two-dimentional rock sample A or more is disposed into longitudinal sealing pad 21,22, is placed in rock sample pedestal 30
On, surrounding connects lateral sealing ring 23, and runs through water inlet 23a and water outlet the 23b alignment of 23 two sides of lateral seal ring and split
The both ends of gap；Pass through the whole push-in test zone of lower slide rails 11 later.
(3) longitudinal register: four first longitudinal direction lifting motors 43 of driving make the double-deck loading frame 44 compress armorplate glass
45 simultaneously compress rock sample in turn.
(4) horizontal direction positions: four second longitudinal directions of driving go up and down electrode 51, decline reaction frame 52 and two-dimentional rock sample
It is completely fitted, and the intake tunnel import on the outside of the first pressing plate 54a is connected with external water pressure force controller with pipeline, by
Exhalant canal on the outside of two pressing plate 54b, which is exported, is connected to catch basin by pipeline；
(5) it presses: extruding force, this extruding force being applied by extruding force force application mechanism 53 perpendicular to the direction through crack
Counter-force provided by reaction frame 52；It is being parallel to the direction through crack simultaneously, passing through shearing force in the side through crack
Force application mechanism 54 applies thrust, applies counter-force by reaction frame through the other side in crack in opposite side, and then to two-dimentional rock
Sample is sheared.
(6) water flowing: hydraulic controller passes through the import of piping connection intake tunnel 54c in the first pressing plate.It is tried in rock
After the completion of sample shearing, hydraulic controller is applied by the intake tunnel in the first pressing plate to the one end in two-dimentional rock sample crack pre-
If osmotic pressure；Simultaneously two-dimentional rock sample crack the other end by with the second pressing plate in exhalant canal 54d and phase
The pipeline of connection collects exudation water body and is directed into catch basin；
(7) data acquire: by two weighing sensors respectively acquire test in the process be applied to rock panel normal force and
Shearing force, water pressure sensor acquire the water pressure for infiltrating end, and flowmeter is used to acquire the water body oozed out along rock panel crack
Volume.
Test proves that the present embodiment shear-seepage coupling test device can be realized smoothly to two-dimentional rock sample
Load, and carry out shearing seepage flow coupling measurement, have stronger practicability.
So far, attached drawing is had been combined the present embodiment is described in detail.According to above description, those skilled in the art
Should be not only to shear-seepage coupling test device, and have clear understanding to liftable loading mechanism therein.
It should be noted that in attached drawing or specification text, the implementation for not being painted or describing is affiliated technology
Form known to a person of ordinary skill in the art, is not described in detail in field.In addition, the above-mentioned definition to each element and method is simultaneously
It is not limited only to various specific structures, shape or the mode mentioned in embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art can carry out letter to it
It singly changes or replaces, such as:
(1) above-mentioned lateral loading mechanism can also replace lateral reaction frame structure using opposite direction load；
(2) above-mentioned seepage flow water outlet mouth can also substitute pipeline direct emission using hydraulic controller；
(3) position etc. of the inlet and outlet setting of sealing mechanism, can also run through according on two-dimentional rock sample
The position in crack is adjusted, in addition, being also not limited to the center of two-dimentional rock sample through the position in crack；
(4) structure and connection about osmotic system and data acquisition module, those skilled in the art can according to need
Rationally setting, and can be using molding Related product in the market；
(5) it can provide the demonstration of the parameter comprising particular value herein, but these parameters are worth without definite equal to corresponding, and
It is that can be similar to analog value in acceptable error margin or design constraint；
(6) direction term mentioned in embodiment, such as "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right" etc. are only ginsengs
The direction for examining attached drawing, the protection scope being not intended to limit the invention.
In conclusion the present invention provides a kind of liftable loading mechanism and the shear-seepage coupling test device using it,
Simple, efficient 2-d rock sample load may be implemented in it, and can be with simulation rock sample in stress field and water flow field
The test of mechanism characteristic under collective effect, while being suitable for destruction machine of the rock fracture under stress field and water flow field collective effect
Experimental study is managed, there is stronger practical value.
Particular embodiments described above has carried out further in detail the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effects
It describes in detail bright, it should be understood that the above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to restrict the invention, it is all
Within the spirit and principles in the present invention, any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement and etc. done should be included in guarantor of the invention
Within the scope of shield.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of liftable loading mechanism characterized by comprising
Chassis (10), top have test zone；
Longitudinal loading mechanism (40), is fixed on the top of the test zone of the chassis (10), generally liftable structure；
Lateral loading mechanism (50), is fixed on the top of the test zone of the chassis (10), generally liftable structure, and
It is staggered with longitudinal loading mechanism；
Wherein, when transporting two-dimentional rock sample, the longitudinal direction loading mechanism and lateral loading mechanism are risen；It is tried in two-dimentional rock
After sample is transported to test zone, the longitudinal direction loading mechanism and lateral loading mechanism are fallen, respectively to being transported to test zone
Two-dimentional rock sample apply longitudinally and laterally power；
Wherein, there are two sample introduction regions for tool above the chassis；It installs in two perpendicular direction the top of the chassis (10)
There are non-interference two sliding rails (11,12), the starting point of two sliding rails (11,12) is respectively described two sample introduction regions, eventually
Point is test zone.
2. liftable loading mechanism according to claim 1, which is characterized in that it is described longitudinal direction loading mechanism (40) include:
The four columns (41) being fixed on above chassis test zone；
The motor mounting plate (42) being fixed at the top of the four columns；
It is fixed on above the motor mounting plate, and extends downwardly four first longitudinal direction lifting motors (43) of output threaded rod；
And
The double-deck loading frame (44) including relative position fixed upper load plate (44a) and lower load plate (44b) adds under described
The lower surface of support plate (44b) is fixed with armorplate glass (45)；
Wherein, four corner locations of upper load plate (44a) offer sliding eye, and four columns pass through four sliding eyes, to this
Upper load plate (44a) slides up and down offer limit, output of the upper load plate (44a) in four first longitudinal direction lifting motors
The corresponding position of threaded rod offers threaded hole, and the output threaded rod of four first longitudinal direction lifting motors is screwed into corresponding spiral shell
In pit, in the driven situation of four first longitudinal direction lifting motors, four output threaded rods push the double-deck load frame
Frame slide downward is pushed down the two-dimentional rock sample of lower section by the armorplate glass (45).
3. liftable loading mechanism according to claim 2, which is characterized in that it is described longitudinal direction loading mechanism (40) include:
First longitudinal direction lifting motor (43) described in four；
The upper load plate (44a) offers spiral shell in the corresponding position of the output threaded rod of four first longitudinal direction lifting motors
The output threaded rod of pit, four first longitudinal direction lifting motors is screwed into corresponding threaded hole, vertical at described four first
To in the driven situation of lifting motor, four output threaded rods push the double-deck loading frame slide downward.
4. liftable loading mechanism according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the lateral loading mechanism (50) includes:
At least two second longitudinal direction lifting motors (51), bottom are fixed on chassis (10)；
Reaction frame (13) is fixed on the top of at least two second longitudinal direction lifting motor (51) output shafts；
Wherein, reaction frame (52) has threaded hole in the position of at least two second longitudinal direction lifting motor output threaded rods,
The output threaded rod of at least two second longitudinal direction lifting motors pass through reaction frame (52) on corresponding threaded hole, this at least
In two driven situations of second longitudinal direction lifting motor, output threaded rod push the reaction frame (13) rise or under
Drop, under decline state, which is embedded in the two-dimentional rock sample for being located at test zone wherein.
5. liftable loading mechanism according to claim 4, which is characterized in that two dimension rock sample center is machined with
One runs through crack；
The lateral loading mechanism (50) further include:
Extruding force force application mechanism (53) is installed on the reaction frame (52) perpendicular to the side for running through crack, Xiang Erwei
Rock sample applies the extruding force of horizontal direction, and the counter-force of the extruding force is provided by the opposite other side of reaction frame, thus right
Two-dimentional rock sample is squeezed；And
Shearing force force application mechanism (54) is installed on and is parallel on reaction frame through the side in crack, passes through the first of head
Pressing plate (54a) Xiang Erwei rock sample, which is located at, applies thrust through one side section of crack, another through crack to two-dimentional rock sample
One side section is provided by being fixed on reaction frame with respect to the second pressing plate (54b) of another side, to carry out to two-dimentional rock sample
Shearing.
6. liftable loading mechanism according to claim 5, it is characterised in that:
In first pressing plate (54a) on shearing force force application mechanism head, the intake tunnel (54c) with " Z " word shape, this
The outside of one pressing plate (54a), the import of intake tunnel (54c) have been staggered shearing force force application mechanism, and in first pressing plate (54a)
Inside, the outlet of intake tunnel (54c) is towards inside；
The exhalant canal for offering " Z " word shape is being fixed in the second pressing plate (54b) of the reaction frame with respect to another side
(54d), in the inside of second pressing plate (54b), the import of exhalant canal (54d) is towards inside, and in second pressing plate (54b)
Outside, the outlet of exhalant canal (54d) has been staggered between reaction frame and two-dimentional rock sample with the portion of shear force
Point.
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| CN106644889B (en) * | 2017-02-10 | 2019-05-14 | 同济大学 | The wide rock joint seepage apparatus of controllable gap under a kind of Thief zone pressure |
| CN106932325B (en) * | 2017-05-09 | 2024-02-09 | 湖南科技大学 | Device and test method for mud-water fluid seepage of rock fracture under action of dynamic and static loads |
| CN107807079B (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2020-07-31 | 重庆大学 | Soil body cylinder shearing and penetration experimental device and testing method |
| CN110687274B (en) * | 2019-11-18 | 2022-01-11 | 河南工程学院 | Rock shearing-seepage testing machine and testing method thereof |
| CN111855440B (en) * | 2020-09-04 | 2024-06-14 | 福州大学 | Circulation double-shear test device and application method thereof |
| CN113246644B (en) * | 2021-05-10 | 2024-05-31 | 杭州麒麟壹零贰文化创意有限公司 | Engraving supporting mechanism for engraving processing and use method thereof |
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