CN105650758A - 一种利用热分解法去除室内污染的多功能空气净化装置 - Google Patents

一种利用热分解法去除室内污染的多功能空气净化装置 Download PDF

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CN105650758A
CN105650758A CN201610146711.9A CN201610146711A CN105650758A CN 105650758 A CN105650758 A CN 105650758A CN 201610146711 A CN201610146711 A CN 201610146711A CN 105650758 A CN105650758 A CN 105650758A
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air
barrel
drainage screen
filtering screen
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CN105650758B (zh
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吕阳
王海峰
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Dalian University of Technology
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Dalian University of Technology
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Priority to PCT/CN2016/099195 priority patent/WO2017156993A1/zh
Priority to KR1020187021276A priority patent/KR102101374B1/ko
Priority to JP2018543204A priority patent/JP6694966B2/ja
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Abstract

一种利用热分解法去除室内污染的多功能空气净化装置，属于空气环境净化技术领域。该净化装置包括空气处理器和集气加热器，集气加热器内设有红外线灯管和紫外线灯管，空气处理器的筒壁上部内侧设有环形水槽，过滤网穿过环形水槽与空气帽连接，在过滤网与空气帽的连接处设有风机。过滤网自下向上依次设有粗效过滤网、高效HEPA滤网、活性炭过滤网和冷触媒过滤网。加湿器连接环形水槽和排气口处的喷嘴。该净化装置采用了加热杀菌，极大地促进了物体内有害气体的挥发速度，缩短了挥发周期。采用四层过滤，提升了空气处理的效果，避免了二次污染的产生，过滤网分层布置，便于清洗和更换。在净化空气的同时，加湿器考虑了对空气舒适度的要求。

Description

一种利用热分解法去除室内污染的多功能空气净化装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种利用热分解法去除室内污染的多功能空气净化装置，属于空气环境净化技术领域。
技术背景
目前室内环境的污染现状日益严重，且随着人们生活水平的不断提高，对于室内健康的要求也越来越高，室内的污染物正在日益受到人们的关注。室内污染物的来源很多，比如厨房的油烟，地面的灰尘，空气中动物的毛发，装饰材料释放的甲醛、苯、二甲苯、甲苯、TVOC等有害气体，地毯或潮湿地方滋生的病毒、微生物。再加上室外环境污染的加重，自然通风的次数减少，使大量的污染物不断沉积。这些长期滞留在室内的污染物，将会严重影响室内环境，危害人体健康，极易引起呼吸道疾病、慢性肺病、气管炎、支气管炎和肺癌等。
目前家庭中普遍采用净化器有吸尘器和室内空气净化器。吸尘器用于清除地面处的尘埃，空气净化器可用来净化空气中的污染物。对室内细颗粒物和细菌微生物的处理主要采用的过滤网，特别是高效HEPA过滤网，它对粒径为0.3μm以上微粒的去除率可达99.7%以上，是烟雾、灰尘以及细菌等污染物最有效的过滤媒介。但对于一些刚装修的房屋以及新购置的家具来说，常态下甲醛等气体污染物释放速率较慢，周期较长，且释放出的气体不能得到有效的处理。而且目前市场上采用甲醛等有害气体的去除材料主要是活性炭，它广泛用于对甲苯、二甲苯、苯等苯类、酚类、酯类、醇类、醛类有机气体及恶臭气体进行吸附净化。此方法虽然简单可行但容易达到饱和，且吸附后的活性炭如果处理不当还可能造成二次污染。光触媒是一种新型的处理有害气体的方法，它涂于材料表面，在紫外光线的照射下，不仅与有毒有害气体进行催化氧化反应，还能分解多种细菌或真菌释放出的毒素，但它在常温下的效果不明显。冷触媒是继光触媒之后的又一种新型空气净化材料，作为一种新型的催化剂，在常温下能催化甲醛、氨气、甲苯、二甲苯、硫化氢以及TVOC中多种有害气体等与空气中的氧气发生氧化反应，生成无害物质水和二氧化碳，不产生二次污染，还大大延长了吸附材料的使用寿命，是面向未来、最适于健康家居的安全、环保材料之一。
发明内容
为解决目前环境中存在的各种问题，本发明提供一种利用热分解法去除室内污染的多功能空气净化装置，该净化装置应采用热分解法并结合空气处理器，促进家具装饰物中甲醛等有害气体的挥发，并进行吸附和降解，还能消除地面和空气中的颗粒物及微生物。并使用加湿器，在净化室内空气的同时，为人们提供一个更舒适健康的环境。
本发明采用的技术方案是：一种利用热分解法去除室内污染的多功能空气净化装置，它包括一个空气处理器，它还包括一个集气加热器，所述集气加热器与空气处理器之间采用软管连接，所述集气加热器包含一个集气罩、两个除菌的红外线灯管和两个加热的紫外线灯管，两个红外线灯管对称设置在集气罩入口的两侧，两个紫外线灯管对称设置在集气罩入口的另两侧；所述空气处理器包含筒壁、过滤网和空气帽，筒壁的顶部连接空气帽，筒壁的上部内侧设有环形水槽，过滤网穿过环形水槽的中央孔与空气帽固定连接，在过滤网与空气帽的连接处设有一个风机；所述过滤网自下向上依次设有粗效过滤网、高效HEPA滤网、活性炭过滤网和冷触媒过滤网；所述加湿器采用管道连接环形水槽和位于空气帽中的喷嘴，喷嘴设置在空气帽的排气口处。
所述筒壁采用透明材质构成的圆柱形，连接软管的进气口设置在筒壁的中部，且采用与筒壁相切的结构，排气口对称设置在顶部空气帽的两侧，筒壁的底部设有垃圾清扫口。
所述环形水槽与过滤网的结构之间采用无缝配合。
所述加湿器固定在筒壁的上部内侧，与空气帽上的两个排气口相对应。
本发明的有益效果是：这种利用热分解法去除室内污染的多功能空气净化装置包括空气处理器和集气加热器，集气加热器的两个红外线灯管对称设置在集气罩入口的两侧，两个紫外线灯管对称设置在集气罩入口的另两侧；空气处理器的筒壁上部内侧设有环形水槽，过滤网穿过环形水槽与空气帽固定连接，在过滤网与空气帽的连接处设有风机。过滤网自下向上依次设有粗效过滤网、高效HEPA滤网、活性炭过滤网和冷触媒过滤网。加湿器采用管道连接环形水槽和设置在空气帽的排气口处的喷嘴。该净化装置集气采用了加热杀菌器，极大地促进了物体内有害气体的挥发速度，缩短了挥发周期。采用四层过滤的方式，大幅度提升了空气处理的效果，避免了二次污染的产生，过滤网分层布置，便于清洗和更换。该净化装置在排气口处设有空气加湿器，净化空气的同时考虑到了对舒适度的要求。
附图说明
图1是一种利用热分解法去除室内污染的多功能空气净化装置的结构图。
图2是集气加热器的结构图。
图中：1、加热灯管，1a、红外线灯管，1b紫外线灯管，2、集气罩，3、软管，4、筒壁，5、过滤网，5a、粗效过滤网，5b、高效HEPA滤网，5c、活性炭过滤网，5d、冷触媒过滤网，6、环形水槽，7、加湿器，8、风机，9、空气帽，10、排气口，11、垃圾清扫口。
具体实施方式
以下参照附图对本发明的结构做进一步的描述。
图1、2示出了一种利用热分解法去除室内污染的多功能空气净化装置的结构图。图中，这种利用热分解法去除室内污染的多功能空气净化装置包括空气处理器和集气加热器，集气加热器与空气处理器之间采用软管3连接。集气加热器包含一个集气罩2、两个除菌的红外线灯管1a和两个加热的紫外线灯管1b，两个红外线灯管1a对称设置在集气罩2入口的两侧，两个紫外线灯管1b对称设置在集气罩2入口的另两侧。空气处理器包含筒壁4、过滤网5和空气帽9，筒壁4的顶部连接空气帽9，筒壁4采用透明材质构成的圆柱形，连接软管3的进气口设置在筒壁4的中部，且采用与筒壁4相切的结构，排气口10对称设置在顶部空气帽9的两侧，筒壁4的底部设有垃圾清扫口11。筒壁4的上部内侧设有环形水槽6，过滤网5穿过环形水槽6的中央孔与空气帽9固定连接，环形水槽6与过滤网5的结构之间采用无缝配合，在过滤网5与空气帽9的连接处设有一个风机8。过滤网5自下向上依次设有粗效过滤网5a、高效HEPA滤网5b、活性炭过滤网5c和冷触媒过滤网5d。加湿器7采用管道连接环形水槽6和位于空气帽9中的喷嘴7a，喷嘴7a设置在空气帽9的排气口10处。加湿器7固定在筒壁4的上部内侧，与空气帽9上的两个排气口10相对应。
采用上述的技术方案，集气加热器使用红外线灯管时，可以对物体表面进行加热，促进物体内部有害气体的挥发，当使用紫外线灯管时，不仅能促进甲醛的分解，还能对物体表面进行杀菌消毒，去除微生物污染物。挥发出的有害气体以及物体附近的灰尘和空气都将通过集气罩经软管进入到筒状空气处理装置。空气处理装置分为空气层和过滤层。被吸入的空气沿筒壁斜吹入桶内，使空气形成气旋，桶的底端盛有少量的水，加速重力较大的颗粒物及物体的沉降并溶解于水中。然后气体将从下往上依次经过粗效过滤网（除大型颗粒物）、HEPA过滤网（除尘，除菌）、活性炭过滤网（吸附甲醛等有害气体和异味）和冷触媒过滤网（分解甲醛、苯、二甲苯、甲苯、TVOC等有害气体）处理后，经加湿排放到室内中。
采用去除有害气体的过滤网有两层：活性炭过滤网和冷触媒过滤网。考虑到空气中有害气体浓度较高时，活性炭过滤网的吸附效果无法满足空气质量的需求，所以增添了冷触媒过滤网。即能避免二次污染的产生，又提高了净化效果。它在常温条件下就会发生催化反应，由单纯的物理吸附转变为化学吸附，把有毒有味的有害气体分解成无害无味水和二氧化碳等物质，且反应后的冷触媒不变化不丢失,长期发挥作用，大大延长了吸附材料的使用寿命。
加湿器能自动监测环境中的相对湿度。当室内空气干燥时，自动打开加湿开关，加湿功能设置在排气口处，从水槽向空气帽中净化后的空气喷入水蒸气，即实现加湿的目的，又避免了水分对过滤网的污染和对风机造成的腐蚀；当室内空气潮湿时，则关闭加湿功能。水槽选用透明材料，实现对水位、水质的观察。
集气罩内有两个红外线灯管和两个紫外线灯管。开启紫外线灯可用于物体表面的杀菌消毒，分解部分有害气体。红外线灯可用于给物体表面加热，促进内部有害气体的挥发。集气罩底部装有滚动滑轮，既省时又省力。物体表面挥发的有害气体、地面处的灰尘垃圾以及室内的空气都可经过集气罩和软管输送到空气净化装置中。气流经过进气口切向吹入筒壁的内侧，使气流成螺旋状运动，较大的物体及颗粒物沉积并溶解在底部的水中。随后气流经过过滤网进行逐层过滤，首先经过的是底部的粗效过滤网，它主要是滤除室内地面和空气中的毛发、纤维绒、大颗粒物、皮屑等；接着经过高效HEPA过滤网，可高效去除空气中的可吸入颗粒物、卷烟烟气、花粉及细菌等。随后经过活性炭过滤网，它具有高效的吸附性能，可用于去除吸附挥发性有机化合物甲醛、甲苯、硫化氢、氯苯和空气中的污染物，还能除臭、除异味，具有很好的净化效果。最后经过的冷触媒过滤网，在这里残留空气中游离的甲醛，氨气，TVOC，硫化氢等有害气体与氧气产生反应，生成水和二氧化碳。考虑到当气流中有害气体浓度较高时，仅凭活性炭过滤网则无法满足空气质量的要求，所以采用了两层过滤设施。
气流经过集气的烘烤作用，水蒸气含量降低，空气比较干燥，不满足对人体舒适度的要求。对处理后的空气采取加湿措施，环形水槽中加入纯净水，经过加湿器将水分呈雾状喷入到空气帽中的气流，加湿器喷入量的多少可通过室内空气中相对湿度的多少进行自动调节。经过过滤和加湿后的空气经过排气口排到室内，不断循环使室内空气不断得到净化。

Claims (4)

1.一种利用热分解法去除室内污染的多功能空气净化装置，它包括一个空气处理器，其特征在于：它还包括一个集气加热器，所述集气加热器与空气处理器之间采用软管（3）连接，所述集气加热器包含一个集气罩（2）、两个除菌的红外线灯管（1a）和两个加热的紫外线灯管（1b），两个红外线灯管（1a）对称设置在集气罩（2）入口的两侧，两个紫外线灯管（1b）对称设置在集气罩（2）入口的另两侧；所述空气处理器包含筒壁（4）、过滤网（5）和空气帽（9），筒壁（4）的顶部连接空气帽（9），筒壁（4）的上部内侧设有环形水槽（6），过滤网（5）穿过环形水槽（6）的中央孔与空气帽（9）固定连接，在过滤网（5）与空气帽（9）的连接处设有一个风机（8）；所述过滤网（5）自下向上依次设有粗效过滤网（5a）、高效HEPA滤网（5b）、活性炭过滤网（5c）和冷触媒过滤网（5d）；所述加湿器（7）采用管道连接环形水槽（6）和位于空气帽（9）中的喷嘴（7a），喷嘴（7a）设置在空气帽（9）的排气口（10）处。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种利用热分解法去除室内污染的多功能空气净化装置，其特征是：所述筒壁（4）采用透明材质构成的圆柱形，连接软管（3）的进气口设置在筒壁（4）的中部，且采用与筒壁（4）相切的结构，排气口（10）对称设置在顶部空气帽（9）的两侧，筒壁（4）的底部设有垃圾清扫口（11）。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种利用热分解法去除室内污染的多功能空气净化装置，其特征是：所述环形水槽（6）与过滤网（5）的结构之间采用无缝配合。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种利用热分解法去除室内污染的多功能空气净化装置，其特征是：所述加湿器（7）固定在筒壁（4）的上部内侧，与空气帽（9）上的两个排气口（10）相对应。
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