CN105648347B - 一种高耐磨合金钢衬板生产工艺 - Google Patents

一种高耐磨合金钢衬板生产工艺 Download PDF

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CN105648347B
CN105648347B CN201610026791.4A CN201610026791A CN105648347B CN 105648347 B CN105648347 B CN 105648347B CN 201610026791 A CN201610026791 A CN 201610026791A CN 105648347 B CN105648347 B CN 105648347B
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孙荣玖
于秀云
周瑞珍
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种高耐磨合金钢衬板生产工艺,高耐磨合金钢衬板由下列重量百分比组份组成:C0.8~1.1%,Mn1.5~2.5%,Cr1.8~2.8%,Mo0.3~0.8%,V0.6~0.9%,Si<0.8%,Ti0.1~0.2%,B0.002~0.0008%,稀土Re0.3~0.5%,P<0.04%,S<0.04%,余量为Fe;热处理步骤包括将铸件加热到350~450℃,保温2~3小时,加热到650℃保温2小时,加热到937℃保温2~3.5小时,然后进行水淬降温;将淬火铸件加热到200~400℃保温3小时出炉制得合格的高耐磨合金钢衬板。它工艺简单、制造成本低、强韧性高、使用寿命长。

Description

一种高耐磨合金钢衬板生产工艺
技术领域
本发明属于金属材料技术领域,尤其是一种高耐磨合金钢衬板生产工艺。
背景技术
耐磨合金衬板是近年来开发的广泛应用在球磨机上的一种新产品,其主要化学成分有C、Mn、Si、Gr、Mo等多种元素,又称多元合金衬板。本专利申请人在先申请并公开了一种大中型球磨机合金钢专用衬板,专利申请号为201210312657.2,它的化学成分重量百分比为:C0.8%~1.0%,Mn0.4%~0.9%,Si0.6%~1.0%,Cr6%~8%,Mo0.3%~0.55%,Ni0.3%~0.5%,V0.2%~0.3%,稀土Re0.1%~0.3%,S≤0.04%,P≤0.04%,其余为Fe;热处理工艺是将铸件加热到300~350℃保温1~2小时,再加热到600~700℃,保温2~3小时,再加热到930~990℃保温2~3小时,之后进行油淬或空淬,冷却至室温;最后把衬板装进箱式电炉里加热到420~480℃保温4~6小时进行回火处理。它改进了传统锰钢衬板易受热变型,受冲击破裂,使用寿命较短等缺点,使用寿命比传统锰钢衬板多1.5~2倍。
经过进一步研究发现,现有技术的耐磨合金配方还有进一步改进和优化和空间,不同配方的耐磨合金其热处理工艺参数就不同,尤其是热处理温度和时间范围很窄。筛选和优化耐磨合金配方和热处理工艺参数,是简化生产工艺、降低生产成本、提耐磨合金钢衬板强韧性的关键技术。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术存在的缺陷,提供一种高耐磨合金钢衬板生产工艺,该方法制备的高耐磨合金钢衬板工艺简单、制造成本低、强韧性高、使用寿命长。
本发明的技术方案是这样实现的:一种高耐磨合金钢衬板生产工艺,它包括冶炼步骤、铸造成型步骤和热处理步骤,其特征在于:所述高耐磨合金钢衬板以重量百分比计由下列组份组成:C0.8~1.1%,Mn1.5~2.5%,Cr1.8~2.8%,Mo0.3~0.8%,V0.6~0.9%,Si<0.8%,Ti0.1~0.2%,B0.002~0.0008%,稀土Re0.3~0.5%,P<0.04%,S<0.04%,余量为Fe;
所述的冶炼步骤是将废钢、锰铁、铬铁、钼铁、钒铁等炉料送入中频炉里进行熔炼,在钢水温度为1520~1560℃时取样分析,炉前调整成分合格后出炉,钢水出炉温度为1540~1560℃;
所述的热处理步骤包括:①将经过冶炼步骤和铸造成型步骤制得的铸件加热到350~450℃,保温2~3小时,继续加热到650℃保温2小时,再继续加热到937℃保温2~3.5小时,然后进行水淬降温,铸件全部入水时间1~3秒,在水中停留时间8~10秒,水温18~25℃时转入空冷室空冷至室温制得淬火铸件;②将淬火铸件加热到200~400℃保温3小时出炉,然后在空气中冷却制得合格的高耐磨合金钢衬板。
进一步,所述高耐磨合金钢衬板以重量百分比计由下列组份组成:C1%,Mn2%,Cr2.3%,Mo0.5%,V0.7%,Si≤0.6%,Ti0.15%,B0.0015%,稀土Re0.4%,P≤0.01%,S≤0.01%,余量为Fe;
进一步,所述的热处理步骤包括:①将经过冶炼步骤和铸造成型步骤制得的铸件加热到380~420℃,保温2.5小时,继续加热到650℃保温2小时,再继续加热到937℃保温3小时,然后进行水淬降温,铸件全部入水时间1~3秒,在水中停留时间8~10秒,水温20~23℃时转入空冷室空冷至室温制得淬火铸件;②将淬火铸件加热到280~320℃保温3小时出炉,然后在空气中冷却制得合格的高耐磨合金钢衬板。
进一步,所述的热处理步骤包括:①将经过冶炼步骤和铸造成型步骤制得的铸件加热到400℃,保温2.5小时,继续加热到650℃保温2小时,再继续加热到937℃保温3小时,然后进行水淬降温,铸件全部入水时间1~2秒,在水中停留时间8~10秒,水温20~23℃时转入空冷室空冷至室温制得淬火铸件;②将淬火铸件加热到300℃保温3小时出炉,然后在空气中冷却制得合格的高耐磨合金钢衬板。
进一步,所述的铸造成型步骤是采用型砂及消失模铸造,在砂箱内保温8~12小时开箱落砂。
本发明和现有技术相比的优点为:
本发明对合金钢铸件进行三个阶段的加热和保温处理,在加热过程中内部流充分受热整体温度保持一致,可以减少材料热应力,强化材料内部组织,增强材料整体性能。再通过水淬处理,可明显减少铸件的物理变形和开裂,便于热校直。
将经过淬火处理的合金钢铸件加热至200~400℃,并且保温3小时,然后再在空气中进行冷却,通过回火处理,进一步改善了合金钢材料的强度、塑性和韧性。本发明耐磨合金钢通过添加B和Ti两种元素,采用更精准的热处理工艺,合金钢硬度和耐磨性指标显著提高,洛氏硬度:56-60HRC,冲击韧性:8-10J/cm2
通过应用实验证明,本发明的高耐磨合金钢衬板耐磨性强,使用寿命长,成本低,易于拆装,在大型球磨机上使用,能够顶替进口衬板,同时可为国产同型号衬板降低生产成本。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明的方法进一步说明。
实施例1:一种高耐磨合金钢衬板生产工艺,它包括冶炼步骤、铸造成型步骤和热处理步骤,所述高耐磨合金钢衬板以重量百分比计由下列组份组成:C1%,Mn2%,Cr2.3%,Mo0.5%,V0.7%,Si0.6%,Ti0.15%,B0.0015%,稀土Re0.4%,P0.01%,S0.01%,余量为Fe;
所述的冶炼步骤是将废钢、锰铁、铬铁、钼铁、钒铁等炉料送入中频炉里进行熔炼,在钢水温度为1540℃时取样分析,炉前调整成分合格后出炉,钢水出炉温度为1550℃;
所述的铸造成型步骤是采用型砂及消失模铸造,在砂箱内保温10小时开箱落砂;
所述的热处理步骤包括:①将经过冶炼步骤和铸造成型步骤制得的铸件加热到400℃,保温2.5小时,继续加热到650℃保温2小时,再继续加热到937℃保温3小时,然后进行水淬降温,铸件全部入水时间1~2秒,在水中停留时间8~10秒,水温20~23℃时转入空冷室空冷至室温制得淬火铸件;②将淬火铸件加热到300℃保温3小时出炉,然后在空气中冷却制得合格的高耐磨合金钢衬板。
通过检测,本实施例产品的洛氏硬度:60HRC,冲击韧性:8J/cm2
实施例2:一种高耐磨合金钢衬板生产工艺,它包括冶炼步骤、铸造成型步骤和热处理步骤,所述高耐磨合金钢衬板以重量百分比计由下列组份组成:C0.8%,Mn2.5%,Cr1.8%,Mo0.8%,V0.6%,Si0.7%,Ti0.1%,B0.0008%,稀土Re0.5%,P0.02%,S0.03%,余量为Fe;
本实施例2一种高耐磨合金钢衬板生产工艺的冶炼步骤、铸造成型步骤和热处理步骤同实施例1。
通过检测,本实施例产品的洛氏硬度:56HRC,冲击韧性:9J/cm2
实施例3:一种高耐磨合金钢衬板生产工艺,它包括冶炼步骤、铸造成型步骤和热处理步骤,所述高耐磨合金钢衬板以重量百分比计由下列组份组成:C1.1%,Mn1.5%,Cr2.8%,Mo0.3%,V0.9%,Si0.5%,Ti0.2%,B0.002%,稀土Re0.3%,P0.03%,S0.02%,余量为Fe;
本实施例3一种高耐磨合金钢衬板生产工艺的冶炼步骤、铸造成型步骤和热处理步骤同实施例1。
通过检测,本实施例产品的洛氏硬度:57HRC,冲击韧性:10J/cm2

Claims (4)

1.一种高耐磨合金钢衬板生产工艺,它包括冶炼步骤、铸造成型步骤和热处理步骤,其特征在于:
所述高耐磨合金钢衬板以重量百分比计由下列组份组成:C1%,Mn2%,Cr2.3%,Mo0.5%,V0.7%,Si≤0.6%,Ti0.15%,B0.0015%,稀土Re0.4%,P≤0.01%,S≤0.01%,余量为Fe;
所述的冶炼步骤是将废钢、锰铁、铬铁、钼铁和钒铁四种炉料送入中频炉里进行熔炼,在钢水温度为1520~1560℃时取样分析,炉前调整成分合格后出炉,钢水出炉温度为1540~1560℃;
所述的热处理步骤包括:①将经过冶炼步骤和铸造成型步骤制得的铸件加热到350~450℃,保温2~3小时,继续加热到650℃保温2小时,再继续加热到937℃保温2~3.5小时,然后进行水淬降温,铸件全部入水时间1~3秒,在水中停留时间8~10秒,水温18~25℃时转入空冷室空冷至室温制得淬火铸件;②将淬火铸件加热到200~400℃保温3小时出炉,然后在空气中冷却制得合格的高耐磨合金钢衬板。
2.根据权利要求1所述的高耐磨合金钢衬板生产工艺,其特征在于:所述的热处理步骤包括:①将经过冶炼步骤和铸造成型步骤制得的铸件加热到380~420℃,保温2.5小时,继续加热到650℃保温2小时,再继续加热到937℃保温3小时,然后进行水淬降温,铸件全部入水时间1~3秒,在水中停留时间8~10秒,水温20~23℃时转入空冷室空冷至室温制得淬火铸件;②将淬火铸件加热到280~320℃保温3小时出炉,然后在空气中冷却制得合格的高耐磨合金钢衬板。
3.根据权利要求1所述的高耐磨合金钢衬板生产工艺,其特征在于:所述的热处理步骤包括:①将经过冶炼步骤和铸造成型步骤制得的铸件加热到400℃,保温2.5小时,继续加热到650℃保温2小时,再继续加热到937℃保温3小时,然后进行水淬降温,铸件全部入水时间1~2秒,在水中停留时间8~10秒,水温20~23℃时转入空冷室空冷至室温制得淬火铸件;②将淬火铸件加热到300℃保温3小时出炉,然后在空气中冷却制得合格的高耐磨合金钢衬板。
4.根据权利要求1、2或3任意一项所述的高耐磨合金钢衬板生产工艺,其特征在于:所述的铸造成型步骤是采用型砂及消失模铸造,在砂箱内保温8~12小时开箱落砂。
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