CN105624916B - 一种绗缝成型的碳纤维隔热材料的制作工艺 - Google Patents

一种绗缝成型的碳纤维隔热材料的制作工艺 Download PDF

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CN105624916B
CN105624916B CN201610193703.XA CN201610193703A CN105624916B CN 105624916 B CN105624916 B CN 105624916B CN 201610193703 A CN201610193703 A CN 201610193703A CN 105624916 B CN105624916 B CN 105624916B
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郭建军
刘二良
郭建明
杨艳文
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Qingdao Gao Tai New Material Co Ltd
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    • D04H1/40Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
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    • D04HMAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/46Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
    • D04H1/48Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres in combination with at least one other method of consolidation
    • D04H1/488Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres in combination with at least one other method of consolidation in combination with bonding agents
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04HMAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/46Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
    • D04H1/498Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres entanglement of layered webs
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04HMAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/52Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by applying or inserting filamentary binding elements

Abstract

本发明公开了一种绗缝成型的碳纤维隔热材料的制作工艺,包括以下步骤:(1)材料准备:准备碳纤维长丝原料和碳纤维再生料;(2)见步骤(1)中的碳纤维长丝进行短切;(3)将步骤(2)中短切后的碳纤维长丝进行梳理并形成网胎,网胎的克重在10克/平方米—100克/平方米之间;(4)高温处理;(5)铺设薄胶衬,在薄胶衬上铺经过步骤(4)进行加工后的网胎2—200层,得半成品;(6)利用缝纫线对步骤(5)中的半成品进行绗缝,得成品;(7)对步骤(6)中获得的成品进行毛边裁剪同时打卷成包。本发明制作工艺简单,通过绗缝的方法杜绝和减少毡体中纵向纤维的含量,提高碳纤维隔热材料的隔热保温性能,并且具有很高的性价比。

Description

一种绗缝成型的碳纤维隔热材料的制作工艺
技术领域
本发明涉及保温技术领域,具体是一种绗缝成型的碳纤维隔热材料的制作工艺。
背景技术
碳纤维是一种含碳量在95%以上的高强度、高模量纤维的新型纤维材料。它是由片状石墨微晶等有机纤维沿纤维轴向方向堆砌而成,经碳化及石墨化处理而得到的微晶石墨材料。碳纤维“外柔内刚”,质量比金属铝轻,但强度却高于钢铁,并且具有耐腐蚀、高模量的特性,在国防军工和民用方面都是重要材料。它不仅具有碳材料的固有本征特性,又兼备纺织纤维的柔软可加工性,是新一代增强纤维。碳纤维具有许多优良性能,碳纤维的轴向强度和模量高,密度低、比性能高,无蠕变,非氧化环境下耐超高温,耐疲劳性好,比热及导电性介于非金属和金属之间,热膨胀系数小且具有各向异性,耐腐蚀性好,X射线透过性好。良好的导电导热性能、电磁屏蔽性好等。碳纤维与传统的玻璃纤维相比,杨氏模量是其3倍多;它与凯夫拉纤维相比,杨氏模量是其2倍左右,在有机溶剂、酸、碱中不溶不胀,耐蚀性突出。
碳纤维具有良好的高温耐受力、纯度高、环保不易污染。正被广泛作为保温隔热材料应用于高温设备。由于保温材料的保温性能与其纵向纤维(或称Z向纤维,及垂直于毡体平面的纤维)的相对含量有非常密切的关系,因此如何控制纵向纤维的量,以使保温效果更好成为一个重要的研究方向。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种绗缝成型的碳纤维隔热材料的制作工艺,以解决上述背景技术中提出的问题。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供如下技术方案:
一种绗缝成型的碳纤维隔热材料的制作工艺,包括以下步骤:
(1)材料准备:准备碳纤维长丝原料和碳纤维再生料;
(2)见步骤(1)中的碳纤维长丝进行短切,短切至2毫米—100毫米;
(3)将步骤(2)中短切后的碳纤维长丝进行梳理并形成网胎,网胎的克重在10克/平方米—100克/平方米之间;
(4)高温处理:
4.1将步骤(3)中的网胎置于高温处理装置的内部;
4.2利用5小时,将高温处理装置内部的温度由室温升至1050℃;
4.3利用6小时,将高温处理装置内部的温度由1050℃升至1600℃;
4.4利用6小时,将高温处理装置内部的温度由1600℃升至2200℃;
4.5将高温处理装置的温度保持在2200℃,恒温3-10小时;
4.6使高温处理装置内部的温度自动降至60℃以下后取出;
(5)双面铺设薄胶衬,在薄胶衬上铺经过步骤(4)进行加工后的网胎2—200层,得半成品;
(6)利用缝纫线对步骤(5)中的半成品进行绗缝,保证行距为2毫米—300毫米,得成品;
(7)对步骤(6)中获得的成品进行毛边裁剪同时打卷成包。
作为本发明进一步的方案:所述步骤(1)中的碳纤维长丝原料为黏胶基碳纤维长丝、沥青基碳纤维长丝、聚丙烯晴基的碳纤维长丝。
作为本发明进一步的方案:所述步骤(6)中的缝纫线为棉线、芳纶、PTFE或碳纤维线。
作为本发明进一步的方案:所述步骤(6)中的绗缝方式为平行、交叉、菱形或圆形。
与现有技术相比,本发明制作工艺简单,通过绗缝的方法杜绝和减少毡体中纵向纤维的含量,提高碳纤维隔热材料的隔热保温性能,并且具有很高的性价比。本发明制得的产品成本低,比现在常用黏胶基碳纤维软毡成本低20%,比现在聚丙烯晴基软毡保温性能提高10%以上,是一种性价比极高的保温材料,另使用碳纤维再生料,为了让碳纤维能重复利用、即环保成本又低,并且生产工艺简单、生产周期短,是目前最实用高温真空设备的保温材料。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式对本专利的技术方案作进一步详细地说明。
一种绗缝成型的碳纤维隔热材料的制作工艺,包括以下步骤:
(1)材料准备:准备碳纤维长丝原料和碳纤维再生料;碳纤维长丝原料为黏胶基碳纤维长丝、沥青基碳纤维长丝、聚丙烯晴基的碳纤维长丝;
(2)见步骤(1)中的碳纤维长丝进行短切,短切至2毫米—100毫米;
(3)将步骤(2)中短切后的碳纤维长丝进行梳理并形成网胎,网胎的克重在10克/平方米—100克/平方米之间;
(4)高温处理:
4.1将步骤(3)中的网胎置于高温处理装置的内部;
4.2利用5小时,将高温处理装置内部的温度由室温升至1050℃;
4.3利用6小时,将高温处理装置内部的温度由1050℃升至1600℃;
4.4利用6小时,将高温处理装置内部的温度由1600℃升至2200℃;
4.5将高温处理装置的温度保持在2200℃,恒温3-10小时;
4.6使高温处理装置内部的温度自动降至60℃以下后取出;
(5)双面铺设薄胶衬,此衬布或衬纸在使用时要撕掉不进入设备,在薄胶衬上铺经过步骤(4)进行加工后的网胎2—200层,得半成品;采用双面铺胶衬,使用时可以撕掉;
(6)利用缝纫线对步骤(5)中的半成品进行绗缝,保证行距为2毫米—300毫米,得成品;缝纫线为棉线、芳纶、PTFE或碳纤维线,优选碳纤维线;绗缝方式为平行、交叉、菱形或圆形;
(7)对步骤(6)中获得的成品进行毛边裁剪同时打卷成包。
本发明制作工艺简单,通过绗缝的方法杜绝和减少毡体中纵向纤维的含量,提高碳纤维隔热材料的隔热保温性能,并且具有很高的性价比。本发明制得的产品成本低,比现在常用黏胶基碳纤维软毡成本低20%,比现在聚丙烯晴基软毡保温性能提高10%以上,是一种性价比极高的保温材料,另使用碳纤维再生料,为了让碳纤维能重复利用、即环保成本又低,并且生产工艺简单、生产周期短,是目前最实用高温真空设备的保温材料。
上面对本专利的较佳实施方式作了详细说明,但是本专利并不限于上述实施方式,在本领域的普通技术人员所具备的知识范围内,还可以在不脱离本专利宗旨的前提下做出各种变化。

Claims (4)

1.一种绗缝成型的碳纤维隔热材料的制作工艺,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)材料准备:准备碳纤维长丝原料和碳纤维再生料;
(2)将步骤(1)中的碳纤维长丝进行短切,短切至2毫米—100毫米;
(3)将步骤(2)中短切后的碳纤维长丝进行梳理并形成网胎,网胎的克重在10克/平方米—100克/平方米之间;
(4)高温处理:
4.1将步骤(3)中的网胎置于高温处理装置的内部;
4.2利用5小时,将高温处理装置内部的温度由室温升至1050℃;
4.3利用6小时,将高温处理装置内部的温度由1050℃升至1600℃;
4.4利用6小时,将高温处理装置内部的温度由1600℃升至2200℃;
4.5将高温处理装置的温度保持在2200℃,恒温3-10小时;
4.6使高温处理装置内部的温度自动降至60℃以下后取出;
(5)双面铺设薄胶衬,在薄胶衬上铺经过步骤(4)进行加工后的网胎2—200层,得半成品;
(6)利用缝纫线对步骤(5)中的半成品进行绗缝,保证行距为2毫米—300毫米,得成品;
(7)对步骤(6)中获得的成品进行毛边裁剪同时打卷成包。
2.根据权利要求1所述的绗缝成型的碳纤维隔热材料的制作工艺,其特征在于,所述步骤(1)中的碳纤维长丝原料为黏胶基碳纤维长丝、沥青基碳纤维长丝、聚丙烯腈基的碳纤维长丝。
3.根据权利要求1所述的绗缝成型的碳纤维隔热材料的制作工艺,其特征在于,所述步骤(6)中的缝纫线为棉线、芳纶、PTFE或碳纤维线。
4.根据权利要求1所述的绗缝成型的碳纤维隔热材料的制作工艺,其特征在于,所述步骤(6)中的绗缝方式为平行、交叉、菱形或圆形。
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