CN105624351B - 煤粉喷吹泄压返粉工艺及系统 - Google Patents
煤粉喷吹泄压返粉工艺及系统 Download PDFInfo
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- CN105624351B CN105624351B CN201610154882.6A CN201610154882A CN105624351B CN 105624351 B CN105624351 B CN 105624351B CN 201610154882 A CN201610154882 A CN 201610154882A CN 105624351 B CN105624351 B CN 105624351B
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- coal
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- powder
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- 239000000843 powders Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000000034 methods Methods 0.000 title abstract description 17
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound 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[C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 105
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
- C21B5/001—Injecting additional fuel or reducing agents
- C21B5/003—Injection of pulverulent coal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B7/00—Blast furnaces
Abstract
本发明公开一种煤粉喷吹泄压返粉工艺及系统，本发明所述的工艺，包括原煤在磨机内进行细磨和干燥，合格的煤粉进入煤粉收集器被收集，再进入煤粉仓，煤粉仓内的煤粉装入喷吹罐内；喷吹罐内的煤粉送入高炉；当喷吹罐煤粉输送完毕后，打开高压泄压阀开始泄压，当压力降到设定压力后打开低压泄压阀，泄压管道与煤粉收集器连接，煤粉经煤粉收集器收集后装入煤粉仓，气体通过主风机抽取后由煤粉收集器除尘后排放；当喷吹罐泄压完成后，关闭高压泄压阀和低压泄压阀，进行装粉作业。本发明可减少喷吹系统泄压及返粉过程中高压气体对煤粉仓及煤粉收集器的冲击，提高了高炉煤粉喷吹系统运行的可靠性。
Description
煤粉喷吹泄压返粉工艺及系统
技术领域
[0001] 本发明属于各类粉体喷吹技术领域，具体涉及一种煤粉喷吹泄压返粉工艺及系 统。
背景技术
[0002] 高炉煤粉喷吹系统均采用高压气体(氮气或空气)进行充压、流化和输送，每个喷 吹周期一般由“装粉一充压一喷吹一泄压一装粉”组成，喷吹罐内气体含有一定的煤粉不能 直接外排。当高炉根据操作需要紧急停止喷吹煤粉时，煤粉在喷吹罐内停留时间过长，由于 温度降低，煤粉容易结露。需要将煤粉返回至煤粉仓。
[0003] 现在泄压和返粉有以下工艺：1、在煤粉仓顶部设仓顶除尘器，气体通过仓顶除尘 器除尘后通过风机抽取排放，连续运行。其存在增加投资、运行费用高，由于仓顶除尘器风 机全压比主风机压力全压小很多，容易导致空气通过仓顶除尘器出口被倒抽进煤粉仓，弓丨 起煤粉仓氧含量超标（当高炉喷吹全烟煤或混合煤时，煤粉仓氧含量不应超过12%)。2、直 接接入煤粉收集器，经煤粉收集器除尘后由主风机抽取排放，主风机与磨机工作制度一致， 当煤粉仓煤粉装满后可以停止工作，当主风机停止工作时，喷吹罐泄压的高压气体容易破 坏煤粉收集器的防爆片。3、如发明专利“一种高炉煤粉喷吹方法及其系统”（专利号：CN 101781692 B)将喷吹罐泄压的高压气体进行回收，低压气体泄压至煤粉仓或经除尘器排 放，其存在以下不足：回收的高压气体含有煤粉，经过一定时间储气罐会存积大量的煤粉， 长期运行能回收的气体非常有限不超过其泄压气体总量的20%，低压气体进入煤粉仓容易 损害煤粉仓顶的防爆阀。
发明内容
[0004] 针对上述问题，本发明提供一种投资省，运行稳定可靠，运行费用低的煤粉喷吹泄 压返粉工艺及系统。
[0005] 为达到上述目的，本发明煤粉喷吹泄压返粉工艺，包括：
[0006] 在磨机内将原煤进行细磨和干燥，得到的煤粉由主风机抽取进入煤粉收集器收 集，由煤粉收集器输入煤粉仓，将煤粉仓内的煤粉按控制指令装入喷吹罐内；
[0007] 喷吹罐内的煤粉经充压流化供气系统充压流化后将煤粉送入喷吹管道，通过补气 供气系统将煤粉送入高炉；
[0008] 当喷吹罐煤粉输送完毕后，打开高压泄压阀开始泄压，当压力降到设定压力后打 开低压泄压阀，泄压管道连通煤粉收集器与喷吹罐，煤粉经煤粉收集器16收集后装入煤粉 仓，气体通过主风机抽取后由煤粉收集器除尘后排放；
[0009] 当磨机及主风机不工作时，启动泄压风机、打开第四切换阀并停止主排风机、关闭 第三切换阀，喷吹罐泄压的气体经泄压风机抽取由煤粉收集器除尘后排放，煤粉经煤粉收 集器收集后装入煤粉仓；
[0010] 当喷吹罐泄压完成后，关闭高压泄压阀和低压泄压阀，进行装粉作业，进入下一个 喷吹周期；
[0011] 当高炉应生产需要要求紧急停止喷煤后，煤粉在喷吹罐内储存后，将煤粉返回至 煤粉仓，当进行返粉作业时只需打开返粉阀、关闭喷吹阀，将煤粉送入磨机进行加热，煤粉 最终经煤粉收集器收集后装入煤粉仓，气体通过主风机抽取后由煤粉收集器除尘后排放；
[0012] 当磨机及主风机不工作时，启动泄压风机、打开第四切换阀并停止主排风机、关闭 第三切换阀，打开第二切换阀、关闭第一切换阀，返粉气体通过泄压风机抽取后由煤粉收集 器除尘后排放，煤粉经煤粉收集器收集后装入煤粉仓。
[0013] 进一步地，在煤粉收集器后设有泄压风机，当主风机不工作时经煤粉收集器后除 尘后的气体经泄压风机排放。
[0014] 进一步地，高压泄压阀及低压泄压阀并联布置，高压泄压阀公称直径是低压泄压 阀公称直径的1/5-1/3,当喷吹罐压力在设定值以上时通过高压泄压阀进行泄压。
[0015] 为达到上述目的，本发明煤粉喷吹泄压返粉系统，包括将原煤进行细磨和干燥的 磨机、通过管道与磨机连接的煤粉收集器、通过管道与煤粉收集器连接的煤粉仓、通过管道 与煤粉收集器连接的喷吹罐，煤粉收集器通过管道连通主风机，连通煤粉收集器与主风机 的管道上设有为第三切换阀，煤粉收集器与喷吹罐通过泄压管道连通，所述泄压管道上设 有并联布置的高压泄压阀及低压泄压阀，喷吹罐通过管道及阀门与充压流化系统相连，喷 吹罐通过出煤阀及管道与喷吹管道相连，喷吹管道通过管道及阀门与补气系统相连，喷吹 管道通过返粉阀、第一切换阀与磨机相连，喷吹管道通过返粉阀、第二切换阀与煤粉收集器 相连。
[0016] 进一步地，高压泄压阀公称直径是低压泄压阀公称直径的1 /5-1 /3。
[0017] 进一步地，所述煤粉收集器通过管道、第四切换阀连接泄压风机。
[0018] 本发明煤粉喷吹泄压返粉工艺及系统：
[0019] 1、通过将喷吹罐泄压管道接入煤粉收集器，避免了泄压气体对煤粉仓的冲击，可 延长煤粉仓顶防爆阀的使用寿命。
[0020] 2、通过分别设置高压泄压阀和低压泄压阀，降低了高压泄压气体对煤粉收集器的 冲击。
[0021] 3、通过设置第一切换阀1和第二切换阀21，可实现磨机工作时，喷吹罐返回的煤粉 可通过磨机重新加热，降低了水分，提高了煤粉质量，有利于煤粉喷吹。
[0022] 4、通过设置泄压风机，取消煤粉仓顶除尘器，避免了空气通过仓顶除尘器出口被 倒抽进煤粉仓的发生，保证了系统安全。
[0023] 5、通过设置泄压风机，取消煤粉仓顶除尘器，以1座IOOOm3级高炉举例，可节省投 资约10万元，若仓顶除尘器风机与泄压风机功率均按7.5kW算，泄压风机每天最少要比仓顶 除尘器风机少运行18小时，每天可节约用电100度。
[0024] 6、通过设置泄压风机、第三切换阀2及第四切换阀131，避免了在主风机不工作时， 泄压及返粉过程中高压气体对煤粉收集器的冲击，降低了故障发生率。
附图说明
[0025] 图1是本发明煤粉喷吹泄压返粉工艺流程示意图。
具体实施方式
[0026] 下面结合说明书附图对本发明做进一步的描述。
[0027] 下面实施例中充压流化供气系统采用的是氮气或其它惰性气体，补气供气系统用 的是压缩空气或其它气体。
[0028] 实施例1
[0029] 本实施例煤粉喷吹系统泄压及返粉工艺，包括
[0030] A、原煤在磨机1内同时进行细磨和干燥，合格的煤粉由主风机14抽取沿管道进入 煤粉收集器16被收集，由煤粉收集器16通过管道进入煤粉仓12,煤粉仓12内的煤粉按控制 指令装入喷吹罐9内。
[0031] B、喷吹罐9内的煤粉经充压流化供气系统8充压流化后将煤粉送入喷吹管道4,通 过补气供气系统7将煤粉送入高炉。
[0032] C、当喷吹罐9煤粉输送完毕后，打开高压泄压阀10开始泄压，当压力降到设定压力 后打开低压泄压阀11，泄压管道与煤粉收集器16连接，煤粉经煤粉收集器16收集后装入煤 粉仓12,气体通过主风机14抽取后由煤粉收集器16除尘后排放。
[0033] D、当喷吹罐9泄压完成后，关闭高压泄压阀10和低压泄压阀11，进行装粉作业，进 入下一个喷吹周期。E、当高炉应生产需要要求紧急停止喷煤后，煤粉在喷吹罐9内储存一定 时间后必须将煤粉返回至煤粉仓12,当进行返粉作业时只需打开返粉阀5、关闭喷吹阀3,可 将煤粉送入磨机1进行加热，煤粉最终经煤粉收集器收集16后装入煤粉仓12,气体通过主风 机14抽取后由煤粉收集器16除尘后排放。
[0034] 所述工艺C还包括工艺C’，所述工艺E还包括工艺E’。
[0035] 其中工艺C’为：当磨机1及主风机14不工作时，启动泄压风机15、打开第四切换阀 131并停止主排风机、关闭第三切换阀13,喷吹罐9泄压的气体经泄压风机15抽取由煤粉收 集器16除尘后排放，煤粉经煤粉收集器16收集后装入煤粉仓12。
[0036] 工艺E’为：当磨机1及主风机14不工作时，启动泄压风机15、打开第四切换阀131并 停止主排风机、关闭第三切换阀13,打开第二切换阀21、关闭第一切换阀2,返粉气体通过泄 压风机15抽取后由煤粉收集器16除尘后排放，煤粉经煤粉收集器16收集后装入煤粉仓12。
[0037] 在煤粉收集器后设有泄压风机，当主风机不工作时经煤粉收集器后除尘后的气体 经泄压风机排放。在泄压管道上分别设有高压泄压阀和低压泄压阀，高压泄压阀公称直径 是低压泄压阀公称直径的1/5-1/3,当喷吹罐压力在设定值以上时通过高压泄压阀进行泄 压，降低对煤粉收集器的影响。在返粉管道上设有切换阀，当磨机工作时喷吹罐内煤粉可通 过返粉管道送入磨机进行加热。
[0038] 实施例2
[0039] 如图1所示，本实施例煤粉喷吹系统泄压及返粉系统，包括
[0040] 将原煤进行细磨和干燥的磨机1、通过管道与磨机连接的煤粉收集器16、通过管道 与煤粉收集器连接的煤粉仓12、通过管道与煤粉收集器连接的喷吹罐9。
[0041] 煤粉收集器通过管道连通主风机14,连通煤粉收集器与主风机的管道上设有为第 三切换阀13,煤粉收集器与喷吹罐通过泄压管道连通，所述泄压管道上设有并联布置的高 压泄压阀10及低压泄压阀11，高压泄压阀公称直径是低压泄压阀公称直径的1/5-1/3。
[0042] 喷吹罐通过管道及阀门与充压流化系统8相连，喷吹罐通过出煤阀6及管道与喷吹 管道4相连，喷吹管道通过管道及阀门与补气系统7相连，喷吹管道通过返粉阀5、第一切换 阀2与磨机相连，喷吹管道通过返粉阀、第二切换阀21与煤粉收集器相连。
[0043] 所述煤粉收集器通过管道、第四切换阀131连接泄压风机。
[0044] 以上，仅为本发明的较佳实施例，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本 技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到的变化或替换，都应涵盖在 本发明的保护范围之内。因此，本发明的保护范围应该以权利要求所界定的保护范围为准。
Claims (3)
1. 一种煤粉喷吹泄压返粉系统，其特征在于:包括将原煤进行细磨和干燥的磨机、通过 管道与磨机连接的煤粉收集器、通过管道与煤粉收集器连接的煤粉仓、通过管道与煤粉收 集器连接的喷吹罐，煤粉收集器通过管道连通主风机，连通煤粉收集器与主风机的管道上 设有为第三切换阀，煤粉收集器与喷吹罐通过泄压管道连通，所述泄压管道上设有并联布 置的高压泄压阀及低压泄压阀，喷吹罐通过管道及阀门与充压流化系统相连，喷吹罐通过 出煤阀及管道与喷吹管道相连，喷吹管道通过管道及阀门与补气系统相连，喷吹管道通过 返粉阀、第一切换阀与磨机相连，喷吹管道通过返粉阀、第二切换阀与煤粉收集器相连。
2. 根据权利要求1所述的煤粉喷吹泄压返粉系统，其特征在于:高压泄压阀公称直径是 低压泄压阀公称直径的
3. 根据权利要求1所述的煤粉喷吹泄压返粉系统，其特征在于:所述煤粉收集器通过管 道、第四切换阀连接泄压风机。
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